ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2536-3011
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Virtual Reality and Related Simulation | Digital and Interaction Design | Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
Expanding Knowledge in the Information and Computing Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in Built Environment and Design |
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.NUMECD.2010.03.005
Abstract: To investigate the impact of a diet modeled on the traditional Cretan Mediterranean diet on metabolic control and vascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Twenty-seven subjects (47-77 yrs) with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to consume either the intervention diet ad libitum or their usual diet for 12 weeks and then cross over to the alternate diet. Most of the meals and staple foods for the intervention diet were provided. Lipids, glycemic variables, blood pressure, homocysteine, C-reactive protein, plasma carotenoids and body composition (anthropometry and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) were assessed at baseline, and at the end of both diet periods. Dietary adherence was monitored using plasma carotenoid and fatty acid (FA) analysis, complemented by diet diaries. Compared with usual diet, on the ad libitum Mediterranean intervention diet glycosylated haemoglobin fell from 7.1% (95% CI: 6.5-7.7) to 6.8% (95% CI: 6.3-7.3) (p=0.012) and diet quality improved significantly [plant:animal (g/day) food ratio increased from 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1-1.5) to 5.4 (95% CI: 4.3-6.6) (p<0.001)], plasma lycopene and lutein/zeaxanthin increased (36% and 25%, respectively), plasma saturated and trans FAs decreased, and monounsaturated FAs increased. A traditional moderate-fat Mediterranean diet improves glycemic control and diet quality in men and women with well-controlled type 2 diabetes, without adverse effects on weight.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2008
DOI: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.107.160168
Abstract: Background— Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, a key regulator of fibrinolysis, is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and is a potential therapeutic target for CHD. However, the relationship between PAI-1 and the most common diabetic microvascular complication, retinopathy, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between PAI-1 activity and both retinopathy and CHD in type 2 diabetes. Methods and Results— We determined PAI-1 activity and both retinopathy (assessed by masked grading of 3-field retinal photographs) and CHD status (assessed by ECG and standard questionnaires) in 147 men and women with type 2 diabetes, mean age (SD) 64 (7) years, in a cross-sectional setting. Plasma PAI-1 activity was inversely associated with prevalent retinopathy ( P =0.006) and severity of retinopathy ( P =0.022), and was associated with lower risk of diabetic retinopathy, independent of major retinopathy risk factors (duration of diabetes and HbA1c) and determinants of PAI-1 (obesity and triglyceride level) (OR 0.74 [0.60 to 0.92], P =0.006). Conversely, higher plasma PAI-1 activity was independently associated with greater risk of CHD, after adjusting for the major CHD risk factors and determinants of PAI-1 (OR 1.31 [1.06 to 1.62], P =0.001). Conclusion— These data support mounting evidence that a higher PAI-1 plasma level is independently associated with a lower risk of retinopathy but a higher risk of CHD in type 2 diabetes.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2013
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MTI4030037
Abstract: Three-dimensional rendering technologies have long been utilized for explanatory purposes in scientific visualization and related areas. Their applications to wider fields, however, have often been limited. In this paper, we explore the use of 3D model and animation techniques, combined with narrative techniques, for recreating event-based information to aid understanding. An empirical experiment was conducted which examined the effectiveness of 3D model images and 3D animation videos compared to reading narratives in textual form. The results indicated that both forms of 3D graphical techniques positively supported users in terms of cognitive load, recall, and engagement over reading text.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.DIABRES.2009.11.007
Abstract: To describe relationships of retinal vascular calibre with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and other cardiovascular risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes. We recruited 112 community-based persons aged 44-83years with type 2 diabetes, photo-documented retinal status using a digital fundus camera, and measured traditional and novel vascular risk factors. Retinal arteriolar and venular calibre and the arterio-venous ratio (AVR) were determined from fundus photographs using a validated computer-assisted method. In adjusted linear regression models, PAI-1 activity was strongly associated with all measures of retinal vascular calibre: positively with arterioles (p=0.005) and AVR (p=0.001), and inversely with venules (p=0.001). In addition, wider arterioles were independently associated with waist-hip ratio (p<0.0001), HDL-C (p=0.015), and lower systolic blood pressure (p=0.042), whereas narrower venules were associated with older age and a higher albumin excretion rate. Neither arteriolar nor venular calibre was associated with plasma total homocysteine or C-reactive protein concentration. Retinal vascular calibre is independently associated with PAI-1 activity in type 2 diabetes. This finding supports a role for PAI-1 activity in the microvasculature of persons with type 2 diabetes and may explain the link between retinal vascular calibre and cardiovascular disease.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 06-05-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 22-06-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2010
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-04-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 22-11-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-02-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S12603-015-0693-7
Abstract: To determine the proportion of Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACFs) in Australia who use a nutrition screening tool on residents to identify those at risk of malnutrition, and to review practice following identification of residents as being at high risk of malnutrition. Multi-center, cross sectional observational study. Residential Aged Care Facilities. The Director of Nursing at each site was contacted by telephone and asked questions relating to current nutrition screening practices at their residential aged care facility. Data was collected from a stratified s le of 229 residential aged care facilities in each state and territory in Australia. 82% of RACFs (n = 188) use a nutrition screening tool on residents to identify those at risk of malnutrition, however only 52% of RACFs (n = 119) used a screening tool which is validated in the residential aged care setting. There was a significant association between facilities using a nutrition screening tool and the staff members being trained to conduct nutrition screening (p < 0.001). Facilities that employed a dietitian were more likely to use a validated nutrition screening tool (p < 0.005). The most frequently used nutrition screening tool was the 'Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form (MNA-SF)', which was used by 32% (n = 60) of the RACFs, followed by the 'Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)' (15%, n = 29). We found that the majority of RACFs in Australia use a nutrition screening tool, however many of these RACFs use a tool which has not been validated in the RACF setting. This study highlights the need for greater dietetic advocacy in using validated nutrition screening tools to ensure malnutrition is identified.
Publisher: A K Peters/CRC Press
Date: 07-06-2019
DOI: 10.1201/B21598-19
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2005
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-004-0514-Y
Abstract: Greek migrants to Australia have low all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. This may be partly due to maintenance of a traditional Mediterranean diet and its interaction with CVD risk factors. The enzyme paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is thought to contribute to the anti-atherogenic properties of high density lipoproteins (HDL) by metabolizing lipid peroxides. PON1 activity is subject to modulation by dietary and genetic factors. To determine PON1 activity in Greek migrants and Anglo-Celtic subjects recruited from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, and its relationship to coronary risk factors and dietary markers. Greek (n = 127) and Anglo-Celtic (n = 128) participants in the MCCS were recruited. By design, there were approximately equal numbers of men and women and of diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Subjects were screened for glucose tolerance, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and coronary heart disease. Plasma markers of diet (carotenoids, retinol, tocopherol, homocysteine) and inflammation (C-reactive protein) were assessed. Serum PON1 activity was determined spectrophotometrically using two substrates: paraoxon (paraoxonase) and phenylacetate (arylesterase). PON1 activity was significantly higher in the presence of hyperlipidaemia but otherwise did not vary by ethnicity, presence of coronary heart disease, diabetes, hypertension or smoking. Among subjects with the high activity phenotype (defined by the ratio of paraoxonase:arylesterase activity), paraoxonase activity correlated directly with circulating diet-derived carotenoid concentrations for Greeks, and inversely with homocysteine and C-reactive protein for Anglo-Celtics. No such associations were seen among subjects with the low activity phenotype. The data suggest that dietary modulation of atherosclerotic risk may vary according to PON1 phenotype.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-03-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 02-2007
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.NUMECD.2010.10.014
Abstract: Diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet southern European migrants to Australia with high rates of type 2 diabetes have relatively low CVD mortality. Our aim was to determine whether a Mediterranean style diet could reduce mortality in people with diabetes. Participants included 16,610 males and 23,860 females from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study 25% were born in Greece or Italy, and 2150 had previously been diagnosed with diabetes or had elevated blood glucose at baseline (1990-94). Data on demographic, behavioral and physical risk factors were also collected. A personal Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was calculated using data from a validated 121-item food frequency questionnaire. Total and CVD mortality data were available up to 2003. Diabetes (new and known) at baseline, was associated with total mortality (men HR 1.43, 95%CI 1.26-1.62 women HR 1.86 95%CI 1.58-2.18), and CVD mortality (men HR 1.53, 95%CI 1.21-1.94 women HR 2.10 95%CI 1.48-2.97) in multivariate models. There was no evidence that glucose tolerance modified the associations between MDS and total or CVD mortality (p interaction all > 0.16). The HRs for total mortality per unit of MDS were 0.96 (95% CI 0.93-0.99) in men and 0.94 (95% CI 0.92-0.97) in women. The HRs for CVD mortality per unit of MDS were 0.94 (95% CI 0.89-0.99) in men and 0.94 (95% CI 0.87-1.01) in women. Our results add to the evidence supporting the benefit of a Mediterranean style diet for people with type 2 diabetes.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-10-2021
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 18-10-2019
Abstract: Immersive analytics turns the very space surrounding the user into a canvas for data analysis, supporting human cognitive abilities in myriad ways. We present the results of a design study, contextual inquiry, and longitudinal evaluation involving professional economists using a Virtual Reality (VR) system for multidimensional visualization to explore actual economic data. Results from our preregistered evaluation highlight the varied use of space depending on context (exploration vs. presentation), the organization of space to support work, and the impact of immersion on navigation and orientation in the 3D analysis space.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-10-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-11-2014
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014002614
Abstract: Non-pharmacological approaches to the treatment of depression and anxiety are of increasing importance, with emerging evidence supporting a role for lifestyle factors in the development of these disorders. Observational evidence supports a relationship between habitual diet quality and depression. Less is known about the causative effects of diet on mental health outcomes. Therefore a systematic review was undertaken of randomised controlled trials of dietary interventions that used depression and/or anxiety outcomes and sought to identify characteristics of programme success. A systematic search of the Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed and PyscInfo databases was conducted for articles published between April 1971 and May 2014. Of the 1274 articles identified, seventeen met eligibility criteria and were included. All reported depression outcomes and ten reported anxiety or total mood disturbance. Compared with a control condition, almost half (47 %) of the studies observed significant effects on depression scores in favour of the treatment group. The remaining studies reported a null effect. Effective dietary interventions were based on a single delivery mode, employed a dietitian and were less likely to recommend reducing red meat intake, select leaner meat products or follow a low-cholesterol diet. Although there was a high level of heterogeneity, we found some evidence for dietary interventions improving depression outcomes. However, as only one trial specifically investigated the impact of a dietary intervention in in iduals with clinical depression, appropriately powered trials that examine the effects of dietary improvement on mental health outcomes in those with clinical disorders are required.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 06-05-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-02-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-04-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2009
Abstract: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Despite the global importance of this cancer, until recently little was known about risk factors apart from the well-established factors: age, family history and country of birth. The large worldwide variation in prostate cancer risk and increased risk in migrants moving from low to high risk countries provides strong support for modifiable environmental factors. We have based our review on the findings of a systematic review undertaken by an expert panel on behalf of the World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research, and new data since then, linking identified foods and nutrients with prostate cancer. Evidence indicates that foods containing lycopene, as well as selenium and foods containing it, probably protect against prostate cancer, and excess consumption of foods or supplements containing calcium are a probable cause of this cancer. The expert panel also concluded that it is unlikely that beta-carotene (whether from foods or supplements) has a substantial effect on the risk of this cancer. A recent review on environmental factors in human prostate cancer also found that there were protective effects of vitamin E, pulses, soy foods and high plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels. The Mediterranean diet is abundant in foods that may protect against prostate cancer and is associated with longevity and reduced cardiovascular and cancer mortality. Compared with many Western countries Greece has lower prostate cancer mortality and Greek migrant men in Australia have retained their low risk for prostate cancer. Consumption of a traditional Mediterranean diet, rich in bioactive nutrients, may confer protection to Greek migrant men, and this dietary pattern offers a palatable alternative for prevention of this disease.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-11-2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-07-2014
DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2014.936886
Abstract: Current therapy to slow disease progression in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) often entails intra-vitreal injection of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agent, that begins with a three-month loading phase of four weekly injections followed by regular monthly visits with clinician-determined re-treatment. The effects of AMD on quality of life and visual function have been extensively reported in the literature, however, less is known about the burden imposed on patients by the arduous and often indefinite treatment schedule which habitually follows a diagnosis of wet AMD. To date, no systematic review has been conducted of research investigating patients' experiences of anti-VEGF treatment for AMD. A systematic search of the Embase, Medline, PsycINFO and PubMed electronic databases was undertaken to identify all studies between January 2004 and December 2013, published in the English language and involving human participants. A hand-search of an additional four journals was conducted. Ten articles were identified for inclusion in this review. A critical appraisal was undertaken using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Research Checklist and the results synthesised to form a narrative review. Few studies to date have investigated patients' experiences of treatment for AMD. These studies have focused primarily on patients' experiences of the injection procedure with respect to pain and anxiety. Anticipated discomfort is often greater than actual discomfort experienced during intra-vitreal injection. However, different stages of the treatment procedure produce varying levels of patient discomfort. No one method of anaesthesia has consistently been shown to be more effective in reducing discomfort associated with treatment. Common reasons underlying patient apprehension surrounding treatment include the thought of having an injection, fear of losing eyesight and fear of the unknown. Whilst these studies have not been without their methodological limitations, they provide a platform for further exploration of the patient experience.
Start Date: 08-2022
End Date: 07-2025
Amount: $455,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity