ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3408-5474
Current Organisations
Singapore Institute of Technology
,
University of Adelaide
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Geology | Geochronology | Tectonics | Isotope Geochemistry | Geochronology And Isotope Geochemistry | Basin Analysis | Quaternary Environments | Geomorphology and Regolith and Landscape Evolution | Geotectonics | Structural Geology | Petroleum and Coal Geology | Palaeontology (incl. Palynology) | Ore Deposit Petrology | Analytical Chemistry | Palaeoclimatology | Analytical Spectrometry | Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience | Archaeology of Australia (excl. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) | Archaeological Science | Inorganic Geochemistry | Exploration Geochemistry | Igneous And Metamorphic Petrology | Structural Geology | Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology | Evidence And Procedure | Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology) | Sedimentology |
Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Oil and Gas Exploration | Mineral Exploration not elsewhere classified | Earth sciences | Ecosystem Adaptation to Climate Change | Effects of Climate Change and Variability on Australia (excl. Social Impacts) | Climate Change Models | Energy Exploration not elsewhere classified | Understanding Australia's Past | Industrial chemicals and related products | Other | Oil and Gas Extraction | Natural Hazards in Mountain and High Country Environments | Global Effects of Climate Change and Variability (excl. Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica and the South Pacific) (excl. Social Impacts) | Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Marine Environments
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1144/SP294.2
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 18-05-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X5S92D
Abstract: The ca. 1.5–1.3 Ga Roper Group of the greater McArthur Basin is a component of one of the most extensive Precambrian hydrocarbon-bearing basins preserved in the geological record, recently assessed as containing 429 million barrels of oil and eight trillion cubic feet of gas (in place). It was deposited in an intra-cratonic sea, referred to here as the McArthur-Yanliao Gulf.The Velkerri Formation forms the major deep-water facies of the Roper Group. Trace metal redox proxies from this formation indicate that it was deposited in stratified waters, in which a shallow oxic layer overlay suboxic to anoxic waters. These deep waters became episodically euxinic during periods of high organic carbon export. The Velkerri Formation has organic carbon contents that reach ~10 wt%. Variations in organic carbon isotopes are consistent with organic carbon enrichment being associated with increases in primary productivity and export, rather than flooding surfaces or variations in mineralogy.Although deposition of the Velkerri Formation in an intracontinental setting has been well established, recent global reconstructions show a broader mid to low latitude gulf, with deposition of the Velkerri Formation being coeval with the widespread deposition of organic-rich rocks across northern Australia and North China. The deposition of these organic-rich rocks may have been accompanied by significant oxygenation associated with such widespread organic carbon burial during the Mesoproterozoic.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-07-2010
DOI: 10.1002/LARY.20976
Abstract: A septal L-strut is often preserved or created during septoplasty. The main intention is to provide structural stability and to straighten the nasal septum. Deformity or excessive deformation of the L-strut might cause functional or aesthetic complications. The objectives were to examine the effects of material properties, the boundary conditions, the nasal tip support, and the geometry of the L-struts on the deformity of septal L-struts. Computer-aided modeling was used to create a spring-supported nasal tip and free nasal tip L strut septal cartilage models upon which simulation was performed to analyse the deformation patterns. A five-sided septum model was first created from the computed tomography scan of a human subject. Several models with various combinations of wider or narrower dorsal struts as well as arc of cartilage were then constructed from this septum model. The edges connected to bony supports were assumed to be fixed, and the nasal tip was assumed to be spring supported. Finite element analyses were carried out to determine the deformation and stress distribution in the septal strut for different combinations of material properties and nasal tip spring support. The spring-supported nasal tip model provides a more accurate representation of the boundary conditions in the nose. In both the free and spring-supported nasal tips-the BC junction and the nasal spine are found to be the consistent points of maximum stress regardless of material properties. The preservation of an arc of cartilage and a wider dorsal strut increase the stability of the structure. The introduction of a spring-supported nasal tip model provided a more accurate representation of the boundary conditions in the nose. The bony-cartilaginous junction and the nasal spine were found to be the consistent points of maximum stress, regardless of material properties. The preservation of an arc of cartilage and a wider dorsal strut increased the stability of the structure.
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 03-2000
Abstract: We describe a remarkably preserved assemblage of sedimentary and tectonic fabrics in cores from the Kaczawa complex, Sudetes, SW Poland. These fabrics indicate a continuum of process from repeated remobilization of Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous muddy flysch and volcaniclastic sediments as debris flows and olistostromes, to fracturing, fluid‐streaming and soft‐sediment injection triggered by high pore‐water pressures during the initial stages of tectonic deformation, to contractional cleavage formation and local cataclasis while the sediment was still only partially consolidated. These structures are similar to those described from ODP cores through the toes of active accretionary prisms. They indicate active subduction of oceanic crust during the Late Devonian, suggesting that ophiolite obduction and significant overthrusting in the Sudetes occurred as an integral part of the Variscan orogeny.
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 23-12-2020
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756820001223
Abstract: The c. 1.5–1.3 Ga Wilton package, the upper succession of the greater McArthur Basin, preserves detailed tectono-sedimentary evidence for the Mesoproterozoic evolution of the North Australian Craton (NAC). In addition, it is a valuable global sedimentary repository for the poorly explored Mesoproterozoic. New detrital zircon U–Pb age and Lu–Hf isotope data, collected from multiple, geographically separated, basins that make up the Wilton package, are compiled with previously published data to illuminate the basin evolution. The spatial and temporal variation in sedimentary provenance illustrates two major geographic changes that correspond to continent-scale tectonic convulsions of the NAC during the Mesoproterozoic. The first is shown by the influx of sediment sourced from east and southeast terranes. This is linked to rifting between Proterozoic Australia and Laurentia at c . 1.45 Ga, resulting in the uplift of the eastern margin of the NAC–SAC (South Australian Craton). The second basin geographic change is illustrated by a flux of southerly-sourced detritus that is interpreted to be tectonically driven by the uplift of the southern NAC, during the subduction/closure of the Mirning Ocean at c. 1.32 Ga. Spatially, sediment in the Wilton package is separated into two depositional systems: sedimentary rocks within the Birrindudu Basin, the western component of the Wilton package, have different detrital signatures relative to other Wilton package successions found east of the Daly Waters Fault Zone, in the Beetaloo Sub-basin, the McArthur Basin and the South Nicholson Basin. The Daly Waters Fault Zone is interpreted as an ancient bathymetric high, blocking sediment transport. Although they differ in sources, rocks in both the Birrindudu Basin and the eastern Wilton package record coeval shifts of basin provenance to southern sources. The coherent evolution of basin provenance indicates a consistent tectono-sedimentation history, and links the Birrindudu Basin and the other Wilton successions in a tectonic framework.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1029/2019JB018013
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 2006
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 09-07-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 09-05-2019
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2018-159
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-11-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-34769-X
Abstract: West Africa was subjected to deformation and exhumation in response to Gondwana break-up. The timing and extent of these events are recorded in the thermal history of the margin. This study reports new apatite fission track (AFT) data from Palaeoproterozoic basement along the primary NE-SW structural trend of the Bole-Nangodi shear zone in northwestern Ghana. The results display bimodality in AFT age (populations of ~210-180 Ma and ~115-105 Ma) and length distributions (populations of 12.2 ± 1.6 and 13.1 ± 1.4 µm), supported by differences in apatite chemistry (U concentrations). The bimodal AFT results and associated QTQt thermal history models provide evidence for multiple cooling phases. Late Triassic – Early Jurassic cooling is interpreted to be related with thermal relaxation after the emplacement of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP). Early to middle Cretaceous cooling is thought to be associated with exhumation during the Cretaceous onset of rifting between West Africa and Brazil. Late Cretaceous – Cenozoic cooling can be related with exhumation of the Ivory Coast – Ghana margin and NNW-SSE shortening through western Africa. Furthermore, our data record differential exhumation of the crust with respect to the Bole-Nangodi shear zone, preserving older (CAMP) cooling ages to the south and younger (rifting) cooling ages to the north of the shear zone, respectively. This suggests that the Palaeoproterozoic BN shear zone was reactivated during the Cretaceous as a result of deformation in the Equatorial Atlantic region of Africa.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 19-10-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 28-01-2021
DOI: 10.31223/X59S38
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 17-04-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 03-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-04-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S43247-021-00149-Z
Abstract: Plate reorganization events involve fundamental changes in lithospheric plate-motions and can influence the lithosphere-mantle system as well as both ocean and atmospheric circulation through bathymetric and topographic changes. Here, we compile published data to interpret the geological record of the Neoproterozoic Arabian-Nubian Shield and integrate this with a full-plate tectonic reconstruction. Our model reveals a plate reorganization event in the late Tonian period about 720 million years ago that changed plate-movement directions in the Mozambique Ocean. After the reorganization, Neoproterozoic India moved towards both the African cratons and Australia-Mawson and instigated the future amalgamation of central Gondwana about 200 million years later. This plate kinematic change is coeval with the breakup of the core of Rodinia between Australia-Mawson and Laurentia and Kalahari and Congo. We suggest the plate reorganization event caused the long-term shift of continents to the southern hemisphere and created a pan-northern hemisphere ocean in the Ediacaran.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 28-05-2021
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 22-11-2019
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2018-125
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-04-2020
DOI: 10.1111/BRE.12450
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 2007
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1029/2017TC004919
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 06-09-2022
DOI: 10.5194/GCHRON-4-577-2022
Abstract: Abstract. Recent developments in tandem laser ablation mass spectrometer technology have demonstrated the capacity for separating parent and daughter isotopes of the same mass online. As a result, beta-decay chronometers can now be applied to the geological archive in situ as opposed to through traditional whole-rock digestions. One novel application of this technique is the in situ Rb–Sr dating of Proterozoic shales that are dominated by authigenic clays such as illite. This method can provide a depositional window for shales by differentiating signatures of early diagenetic processes versus late-stage secondary alteration. However, the hydrothermal sensitivity of the Rb–Sr isotopic system across geological timescales in shale-hosted clay minerals is not well understood. As such, we dated the Mesoproterozoic Velkerri Formation from the Altree 2 well in the Beetaloo Sub-basin (greater McArthur Basin), northern Australia, using this approach. We then constrained the thermal history of these units using common hydrocarbon maturity indicators and modelled effects of contact heating due to the intrusion of the Derim Derim Dolerite. In situ Rb–Sr dating of mature, oil-prone shales in the diagenetic zone from the Velkerri Formation yielded ages of 1448 ± 81, 1434 ± 19, and 1421 ± 139 Ma. These results agree with previous Re–Os dating of the unit and are interpreted as recording the timing of an early diagenetic event soon after deposition. Conversely, overmature, gas-prone shales in the anchizone sourced from deeper within the borehole were dated at 1322 ± 93 and 1336 ± 40 Ma. These ages are younger than the expected depositional window for the Velkerri Formation. Instead, they are consistent with the age of the Derim Derim Dolerite mafic intrusion intersected 800 m below the Velkerri Formation. Thermal modelling suggests that a single intrusion of 75 m thickness would have been capable of producing a significant hydrothermal perturbation radiating from the sill top. The intrusion width proposed by this model is consistent with similar Derim Derim Dolerite sill thicknesses found elsewhere in the McArthur Basin. The extent of the hydrothermal aureole induced by this intrusion coincides with the window in which kerogen from the Velkerri Formation becomes overmature. As a result, the mafic intrusion intersected here is interpreted to have caused kerogen in these shales to enter the gas window, induced fluids that mobilize trace elements, and reset the Rb–Sr chronometer. Consequently, we propose that the Rb–Sr chronometer in shales may be sensitive to temperatures of ca. 120 ∘C in hydrothermal reactions but can withstand temperatures of more than 190 ∘C in thermal systems not dominated by fluids. Importantly, this study demonstrates a framework for the combined use of in situ Rb–Sr dating and kerogen maturation indicators to help reveal the thermochronological history of Proterozoic sedimentary basins. As such, this approach can be a powerful tool for identifying the hydrocarbon potential of source rocks in similar geological settings.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 28-05-2021
Abstract: Abstract. The Salt Range Formation is an extensive evaporite formation in northern Pakistan that has acted as the primary detachment accommodating Himalayan orogenic deformation from the north. This rheologically weak formation forms a mylonite in the Khewra mines, where it accommodates approximate 40 km displacement and is comprised of intercalated halite and potash salts and gypsiferous marls. Polyhalite [K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4•2H2O] grains taken from potash marl and crystalline halite s les are used as geochronometers to date the formation and identify the closure temperature of the mineral polyhalite using the 40Ar/39Ar step heating method. The diffusion characteristics measured for two s les of polyhalite are diffusivity (D0), activation energy (Ea), and %39Ar. These values correspond to a closure temperature of ca. 281 and 296 °C for a cooling rate of 10 °C/Ma. 40Ar/39Ar age results for both s les did not return any reliable crystallization age. This is not unexpected as polyhalite is prone to 40Ar* diffusion loss and the evaporites have experienced numerous phases of deformation resetting the closed K/Ar system. An oldest minimum heating step age of 514 ± 3 Ma from s le 06-3.1 corresponds relatively well to the established early Cambrian age of the formation. S les 05-P2 and 05-W2 have apparent step ages and represent a deformation event that partially reset the K/Ar system based on oldest significant ages between ca. 381 Ma and 415 Ma. We interpret the youngest apparent step ages, between ca. 286 Ma and 292 Ma, to represent the maximum age of deformation-induced recrystallisation. Both the youngest and oldest apparent step ages for S les 05-P2 and 05-W2 occur within the time of a major unconformity in the area. These dates may reflect partial resetting of the K/Ar system from meteoric water infiltration and recrystallisation during this non-depositional time. Else, they may result from mixing of Ar derived by radiogenic decay after Cambrian precipitation with partially reset Ar from pervasive Cenozoic deformation and physical recrystallisation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0JA00299B
Abstract: The effect of physical/chemical properties and Rb/Sr elemental fractionation on the accuracy of in situ Rb–Sr dating via LA-ICP-MS/MS.
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-11-2014
DOI: 10.1111/TER.12077
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 30-10-2019
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756817000802
Abstract: The East African Orogen contains a series of high-strain zones that formed as Gondwana amalgamated. The Tulu Dimtu shear belt is one of these N–S structures within the Barka–Tulu Dimtu zone in western Ethiopia, and contains ultramafic bodies of equivocal origin. Identifying the petrogenetic origin of these enigmatic rocks provides evidence for the geodynamic significance of these shear zones. Owing to their altered state, these ultramafic rocks’ well-preserved chrome spinels provide the only reliable evidence for their source and tectonic affiliation. Chrome spinels have high Cr 2 O 3 (30.04–68.76 wt %), while recalculated Fe 2 O 3 ( 2 %) and TiO 2 (0.01–0.51 %) values are low. The Cr# (molar Cr 3+ /Cr 3+ + Al 2+ ) and Mg# (Mg 2+ /Mg 2+ + Fe 2+ ) have averages of 0.88 and 0.22, respectively. Based on olivine–spinel equilibria, the calculated f O 2 values (FMQ +3.03) for the dunites reveal a highly oxidized environment. This spinel chemistry (high Cr# 0.6 and low Ti) supports a supra-subduction origin, with an oxidized mantle source more refractory than depleted MORB mantle (DMM). These spinel compositions indicate that some ultramafic bodies in western Ethiopia, including those from Daleti, Tulu and Dimtu, are serpentinized peridotites emplaced as obducted ophiolite complexes. By contrast, the ultramafic rocks from the Yubdo locality have a different spinel chemistry, with strong affiliation with igneous spinels formed in Alaskan-style mafic intrusions. These collective results suggest that regardless of their origin as supra-subduction ophiolites or as Alaskan-type intrusions, these spinels were formed on a convergent-subduction margin.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1034(199901/06)34:1/2<107::AID-GJ817>3.0.CO;2-L
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1029/2022GC010559
Abstract: Pervasive intracontinental orogenesis during the Paleozoic has been widely recognized in the metamorphic and structural records of the Aileron Province and Amadeus Basin in central Australia, commonly attributed to the Ordovician–Carboniferous Alice Springs Orogeny. Comparatively less clear, however, is the magnitude and geographic expression of this event elsewhere in the North Australian Craton. This study presents new apatite fission track thermochronology data from central Australia which demonstrate considerable Paleozoic reactivation across the continental interior. Both the Tennant region and Murphy Province exhibit low‐temperature cooling coeval with the Alice Springs Orogeny (ca. 450–320 Ma), although Triassic reactivation in the Aileron Province correlates with the timing of the Hunter‐Bowen Orogeny (ca. 265–230 Ma) in eastern Australia. High heat production and metasomatism within the Aileron Province has made the region highly susceptible to reactivation, rendering it more vulnerable to subsequent reactivation in response to far‐field stresses during the progressive Tasmanides development.
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 09-2004
Publisher: American Journal of Science (AJS)
Date: 04-2000
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1130/G21485.1
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-40783-4
Abstract: Precambrian hydrocarbons and their corresponding source rocks are distinctly different from their Phanerozoic counterparts, having been deposited in persistently anoxic environments in ecosystems dominated by bacteria. Here, we show that cyclic enrichment of organic matter in the world’s oldest hydrocarbon play (ca. 1.38 Ga), is not associated with flooding surfaces and is unrelated to variations in mineralogy or changes in the relative rate of clastic to biogenic sedimentation—factors typically attributed to organic enrichment in Phanerozoic shales. Instead, the cyclic covariation of total organic carbon, δ 15 N, δ 13 C and molybdenum are explained by the feedback between high levels of primary productivity, basin redox and the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. These factors are important in constraining productivity in the marine biosphere, the development of Precambrian hydrocarbon source rocks, and more generally in understanding oxygenation of the ocean and atmosphere through Earth history as all are ultimately related to organic carbon burial.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU2020-3173
Abstract: & & There is a view that a supercontinent, called Pannotia, existed for a short time at the end of the Neoproterozoic. This hypothetical continent requires collision between Neoproterozoic India, Australia-Mawson and the African and South American continents to occur before formation of Iapetus as Laurentia rifted off Amazonia.& & & & Data from the last decade demonstrate the complexity of consumption of the Mozambique Ocean that separated Neoproterozoic India from the African Neoproterozoic continents (Congo-Tanzania-Bangweulu, the Sahara Metacraton and Kalahari). In particular, the presence of pre-Neoproterozoic terranes that lie within the East African Orogen of Arabia, east Africa, Madagascar and South India demonstrate the multi-phase collision of the this ocean closure?. Here we examine the Cryogenian to Cambrian tectonic geography of the closure of the Mozambique Ocean from a full-plate perspective. We focus on the northern East African Orogen, where Gondwana-formation shortening and crustal thickening has been considerably less than seen in East Africa/Madagascar/South India. We focus on the Neoproterozoic India& #8211 Azania& #8211 Sahara Metacraton collision represented by the northernmost part of Madagascar (the Bemarivo Domain), and throughout Arabia. We conclude that final ocean closure and formation of central Gondwana occurred in the latest Ediacaran and into the Cambrian, along a suture that passes under the Rub' al Khali region of Arabia and through the northeast of Madagascar. It separates the extended Neoproterozoic India margin (now in Oman, The Seychelles and the northern Bemarivo Domain), from the growing kernel of Gondwana (the east-most parts preserved in Saudi Arabia, Yemen and Central Madagascar).& & & & Considering the early Ediacaran formation of Iapetus, there is growing evidence that Pannotia never existed as connected continental crust, yet the & #8216 Pannotian geodynamic cell& #8217 with lithosphere ided into continental and oceanic hemispheres had formed. The closure of the Mozambique Ocean represented the termination of & million years of subduction at this locale. The termination of this subduction with the formation of Gondwana, and the initiation of the Terra Australis Orogen led to the present geodynamic configuration.& &
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU2020-3171
Abstract: & & Plate reorganization events are a characteristic of plate tectonics that punctuate the Phanerozoic. They fundamentally change the lithospheric plate-motion circuit, influencing the planet& #8217 s tectonic-mantle system and both ocean and atmospheric circulation through changes in bathymetry and topography. The development of full-plate reconstructions for deep time allows the geological record to be interrogated in a framework where plate kinematic reorganizations can be explored. Here, the geological record of the one of the most extensive tracts of Neoproterozoic crust on the planet (the Arabian-Nubian Shield) is interpreted to reflect a late Tonian plate reorganization at ca. 800-715 Ma that switched plate-convergence directions in the Mozambique Ocean, bringing Neoproterozoic India towards both the African cratons and Australia-Mawson, instigating the closure of the intervening ocean and the future amalgamation of central Gondwana ca. 200 million years later. This plate kinematic change is coeval with constraints on break-up of the core of Rodinia between Australia-Mawson and Laurentia and Kalahari and Congo.& &
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 23-07-2023
DOI: 10.31223/X50G9N
Abstract: The glaciogenic nature of the Yudnamutana Subgroup was first identified over a century ago, and its global significance was recognised shortly after, eventually culminating with the global Sturtian Glaciation and Snowball Earth theory. Much debate on the origin and timing of these rocks, locally and globally, has ensued in the years since. A significant corpus of research on the lithology, sedimentology, geochronology, and formal lithostratigraphy of these sequences globally has attempted to resolve many of these debates. In the type area for the Sturtian Glaciation, South Australia’s Adelaide Superbasin, lithostratigraphy and sedimentology have been well understood however, formal stratigraphic nomenclature has remained complicated and contested. Geochronology has also been extremely sparse in this area. The result of these longstanding issues has been disagreement as to whether the sedimentary rocks of the Yudnamutana Subgroup are truly correlative throughout South Australia, and if they were deposited in the same time window recently defined for Sturtian glacial rocks globally, c. 717 Ma to c. 660 Ma. In this study we present a large detrital zircon study, summarise and compile existing global geochronology for the Sturtian Glaciation, and provide an updated formal lithostratigraphy. We show equivalence of the rocks that comprise the revised Sturt Formation of the Yudnamutana Subgroup, and that it was deposited within the time span globally defined for Sturtian Glaciation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-08-2020
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 05-2002
DOI: 10.1086/339535
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-11-2013
DOI: 10.1038/NMETH.2714
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU2020-3184
Abstract: & & The Adelaide Rift Complex is a large sedimentary superbasin in South Australia that formed resultant of Rodinia& #8217 s breakup and subsequent evolution of the Australian passive margin of the Pacific basin. It holds a globally significant and exceptionally well-preserved Neoproterozoic& #8211 early Cambrian succession. Much work has been done over the last century describing the lithostratigraphy and sedimentology of this vast basin. The rift complex contains evidence for major changes in Earth& #8217 s systems, yet, the rocks are poorly dated, and the sediment provenance, and link with tectonic evolution, is remarkably poorly known.& & & & This work provides a centralised database of the currently available, and previously unpublished, detrital zircon geochronology for the Neoproterozoic of the Adelaide Rift Complex, highlighting where the available data is from, and the stratigraphic and spatial gaps in our knowledge. By subjecting the U& #8211 Pb detrital zircon data to data analytical techniques, we provide a first look overview of the change in provenance, and subsequently (generalised) palaeo-tectonogeography that this suggests during the Neoproterozoic. These data show a change from dominantly local sources in the middle Tonian, to dominantly far-field sources as the rift-basin develops over time. The Cryogenian icesheets punctuate this with an ephemeral return to more local sources from nearby rift shoulders. This effect is particularly apparent during the Sturtian Glaciation than in the younger Marinoan Glaciation. In the Ediacaran, we see an increasingly stronger influence of younger (& Ma) detrital zircons from an enigmatic source that we interpret to be from southern (i.e. Antarctic) sources. We also note that we see a slight shift in the late Mesoproterozoic age peaks, from ca. 1170 Ma to ca. 1090 Ma, with a corresponding decrease in older ca. 1600 Ma detritus.& & & & This work forms the basis of continuing work to improve our understanding of the geochronology, provenance and palaeo-tectonogeography of the Adelaide Rift Complex.& &
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 17-12-2021
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2020-173
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1130/G32854.1
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 04-2009
DOI: 10.1130/G25452A.1
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 02-04-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X5NH0G
Abstract: Continental rifts have a significant role in supercontinent breakup, and the development of sedimentary basins. The Australian Adelaide Superbasin is one of the largest and best-preserved rift systems that initiated during the breakup of Rodinia, yet substantial challenges still hinder our understanding of its early evolution and place within the Rodinian supercontinent. In the past decade, our understanding of rift and passive margin development, mantle plumes and their role in tectonics, geodynamics of supercontinent breakup, and sequence stratigraphy in tectonic settings has advanced significantly, however literature on the early evolution of the Adelaide Superbasin has not been updated to reflect these advancements. Using new detrital zircon age data for provenance, combined with existing literature, we examine the earliest tectonic evolution of the Adelaide Superbasin in the context of our modern understanding of rift system development. A new maximum depositional age of 893 ± 9 Ma from the lowermost stratigraphic unit provides a revised limit on the initiation of sedimentation and rifting within the basin. Our model suggests that the basin evolved through an initial pulse of extension exploiting pre-existing crustal weakness to form half-grabens. Tectonic quiescence and stable subsidence followed, with deposition of a sourceward-shifting facies tract. Emplacement and extrusion of the Willouran Large Igneous Province occurred at c. 830 Ma initiating a new phase of rifting. This rift renewal led to widespread extension and subsidence with deposition of the Curdimurka Subgroup, which constitutes the main cyclic rift sequence in the Adelaide Superbasin. Our model suggests that the Adelaide Superbasin formed through rift propagation an apparent triple junction, rather than apical extension outwards from this point. Additionally, we provide evidence suggesting a late Mesoproterozoic zircon source to the east of the basin, and show that the lowermost stratigraphy of the Centralian Superbasin, which is thought to be deposited coevally, had different primary detrital sources.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2003
DOI: 10.1002/GJ.957
Abstract: Recent controversies relating to the transport directions of the Lycian Allochthon and the kinematic relationships of this to the underlying Menderes Massif are addressed by looking at the structural record preserved at the main tectonic boundaries within the Lycian Allochthon. Rocks today within the Lycian Thrust Sheets were deposited as a north‐facing Late Palaeozoic– Mesozoic rift assive margin succession that formed in a northern Neotethys Ocean separating the Menderes–Tauride block and Eurasia. The allochthon was emplaced onto the southern continental margin in stages from latest Cretaceous to Late Miocene times. Throughout the Lycian Allochthon early kinematic fabrics indicate that the allochthon was emplaced, and successively transported, from northwest to southeast. Mylonites at the contact between the Lycian Allochthon and the underlying Menderes Massif exhibit top‐to‐the‐east non‐coaxial flow. The major tectonic boundaries within the allochthon preserve various kinematic indicators showing top‐to‐the‐southeast transport. An intra‐platform basin (Tavas/Bozdağ unit), represented by structurally low Mesozoic–Palaeogene successions, probably originated as a rift basin between the Menderes Massif to the north and the Bey Dağları carbonate platform to the south. However, there is no structural evidence that the Lycian Thrust Sheets or the Lycian Peridotite Thrust Sheet were rooted in this basin. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 1997
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-12-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GGR.12467
Abstract: Reference materials ( RMs ) with well‐characterised composition are necessary for reliable quantification and quality control of isotopic analyses of geological s les. For in situ Rb‐Sr analysis of silicate minerals via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry ( LA‐ICP‐MS / MS ) with a collision/reaction cell, there is a general lack of mineral‐specific and matrix‐matched RMs , which limits wider application of this new laser‐based dating technique to certain minerals. In this work, pressed nano‐powder pellets ( NP ) of four RMs , GL‐O (glauconite), Mica‐Mg (phlogopite), Mica‐Fe (biotite) and FK‐N (K‐feldspar), were analysed and tested for in situ Rb‐Sr dating, complemented by isotope dilution ( ID ) MC‐ICP‐MS Rb‐Sr analyses of GL‐O and Mica‐Mg . In addition, we attempted to develop alternative flux‐free and fused ‘mineral glasses’ from the above RMs for in situ Rb‐Sr dating applications. Overall, the results of this study showed that among the above RMs only two NP ( Mica‐Mg‐NP and GL‐O‐NP ) were suitable and robust for in situ dating applications. These two nano‐powder reference materials, Mica‐Mg‐NP and GL‐O‐NP , were thus used as primary RMs to normalise and determine Rb‐Sr ages for three natural minerals: MDC phlogopite and GL‐O glauconite grains, and also Mica‐Fe‐NP (biotite). Our in situ analyses of the above RMs yielded Rb‐Sr ages that are in good agreement (within 8%) of published ages, which suggests that both Mica‐Mg‐NP and GL‐O‐NP are suitable RMs for in situ Rb‐Sr dating of phlogopite, glauconite and biotite. However, using secondary RMs is recommended to monitor the quality of the obtained ages.
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1086/683192
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 22-03-2019
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2018-174
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 30-08-2018
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2017-035
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 03-12-2011
DOI: 10.1130/G31547.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-10-2019
DOI: 10.1002/GJ.3348
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-05-2018
DOI: 10.1002/GJ.3224
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 05-2005
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756805000506
Abstract: We report U–Pb electron microprobe (zircon and monazite) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) U–Pb (zircon) ages from a granulite-facies metapelite and a garnet–biotite gniess from Chittikara, a classic locality within the Trivandrum Block of southern India. The majority of the electron-microprobe data on zircons from the metapelite define apparent ages between 1500 and 2500 Ma with a prominent peak at 2109±22 Ma, although some of the cores are as old as 3070 Ma. Zircon grains with multiple age zoning are also detected with 2500–3700 Ma cores, 1380–1520 mantles and 530–600 Ma outer rims. Some homogeneous and rounded zircon cores yielded late Neoproterozoic ages that suggest that deposition within the Trivandrum Block belt was younger than 610 Ma. The outermost rims of these grains are characterized by early Cambrian ages suggesting metamorphic overgrowth at this time. The apparent ages of monazite grains from this locality reveal multiple provenance and polyphase metamorphic history, similar to those of the zircons. In a typical case, Palaeoproterozoic cores (1759–1967 Ma) are enveloped by late Neoproterozoic rims (562–563 Ma), which in turn are mantled by an outermost thin Cambrian rim (∼515 Ma). PbO v. ThO* 2 plots for monazites define broad isochrons, with cores indicating a rather imprecise age of 1913±260 Ma (MSWD=0.80) and late Neoproterozoic/Cambrian cores as well as thin rims yielding a well-defined isochron with an age of 557±19 Ma (MSWD=0.82). SIMS U–Pb isotopic data on zircons from the garnet–biotite gneiss yield a combined core/rim imprecise discordia line between 2106±37 Ma and 524±150 Ma. The data indicate Palaeoproterozoic zircon formation with later partial or non-uniform Pb loss during the late Neoproterozoic/Cambrian tectonothermal event. The combined electron probe and SIMS data from the metapelite and garnet–biotite gneiss at Chittikara indicate that the older zircons preserved in the finer-grained metapelite protolith have heterogeneous detrital sources, whereas the more arenaceous protolith of the garnet–biotite gniess was sourced from a single-aged terrane. Our data suggest that the metasedimentary belts in southern India may have formed part of an extensive late Neoproterozoic sedimentary basin during the final amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-10-2014
DOI: 10.1111/SED.12143
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 31-07-2018
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2017-028
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 30-11-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-01-2018
DOI: 10.1111/TER.12313
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.1086/669979
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 30-07-2014
DOI: 10.1130/B30842.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1999
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.1029/2019TC005781
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-12-2014
DOI: 10.1111/SED.12082
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2022
Abstract: Abstract. Recent developments in tandem laser ablation-mass spectrometer technology have been shown to be capable of separating parent and daughter isotopes of the same mass online. As a result, beta decay chronometers can now be applied to the geological archive in situ as opposed to through traditional whole-rock digestions. One novel application of this technique is the in situ Rb–Sr dating on Proterozoic shales that are dominated by authigenic clays. This method can provide a depositional window for shales by differentiating signatures of early diagenetic processes versus late-stage secondary alteration. However, the hydrothermal sensitivity of the Rb–Sr isotopic system across geological timescales in shale-hosted clay minerals is not well understood. As such, we dated the Mesoproterozoic Velkerri Formation from the Altree 2 well in the Beetaloo Sub-basin (greater McArthur Basin) using in situ Rb–Sr geochronology and constrained its thermal history using common hydrocarbon maturity indicators, and modelled effects of contact heating due to the intrusion of the Derim Derim Dolerite. In situ Rb–Sr dating of mature, oil-prone shales in the diagenetic zone from the Velkerri Formation in this study yielded ages of 1470 ± 102 Ma, 1457 ± 29 Ma, and 1421 ± 152 Ma. These results agree with previous Re–Os dating of the unit and are interpreted as recording the timing of an early diagenetic event soon after deposition. Conversely, overmature, gas-prone shales in the anchizone sourced from stratigraphically deeper within the same borehole and succession were dated at 1318 ± 105 Ma and 1332 ± 67 Ma. These ages are younger than the expected depositional window for the Velkerri Formation. Instead, they are consistent with the age of the Derim Derim Dolerite mafic intrusion intersected 800 m below the Velkerri Formation. Thermal modelling suggests that a single intrusion of 75 m thickness would have been capable of producing a significant hydrothermal perturbation radiating from the sill top. The intrusion width proposed by this model is consistent with similar Derim Derim Dolerite sill thicknesses found elsewhere in the McArthur Basin. The extent of the hydrothermal aureole induced by this intrusion coincide with the point in which kerogen from the Velkerri Formation becomes overmature. As a result, the mafic intrusion intersected here is interpreted to have caused kerogen in these shales to enter the gas window, induced fluids that mobilise trace elements and resetting the Rb–Sr chronometer. Consequently, we propose that the Rb–Sr chronometer in shales may be sensitive to temperatures of ca. 110 °C in hydrothermal reactions but can withstand temperatures of more than 190 °C in thermal systems absent of fluid. Importantly, this study demonstrates a framework for the combined use of in situ Rb–Sr dating and kerogen maturation indicators to help reveal the thermochronological history of Proterozoic sedimentary basins. As such, this approach can be a powerful tool for identifying the hydrocarbon potential of source rocks in similar geological settings.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 24-03-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X5N63H
Abstract: The late Tonian sequences of the Adelaide Superbasin were witness to the birth of the proto-Pacific Ocean during the breakup of Rodinia. Understanding the sedimentology and provenance of these rocks from across the basin is key to understanding both their deposition over ~70 million years, the local palaeogeography, and leads to a better understanding of the early development of the proto-Pacific Ocean. While the sedimentology of the Burra Group is well studied in most areas, provenance studies on these sequences using detrital zircon have been limited in scope and lack both spatial and temporal ersity. In this study we begin to address this knowledge gap. S les were taken from across the Adelaide Superbasin to understand both spatial and temporal related changes in provenance. Our findings highlight the necessity of this approach by uncovering both subtle, and abrupt significant changes in detrital zircon spectra for coeval s les from across the basin, and up-sequence in local areas. Our results highlight significant changes in provenance c. 790 Ma in the north of the basin, and c. 740 Ma in the south of the basin. This suggests a southward propagation of the rift basin, gradually opening to southerly sediment supply. Additionally, we posit the existence of an unrecognised source of c. 1000–900 Ma zircon to the north or northeast of the basin to account for latest Stenian to earliest Tonian detrital zircon in the Myrtle Springs Formation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 2003
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1029/2018TC005384
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 22-12-2016
DOI: 10.1130/B31474.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-03-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2003
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1029/2017TC004878
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU2020-12458
Abstract: & & The greater McArthur Basin is a regionally extensive Palaeo-to-Mesoproterozic, intra-cratonic, super basin system overlying the North Australian craton. Deposition initiated after the Pine Creek Orogeny whereby the basin extends from Western Australia to northwestern Queensland. Lithostratigraphic units are ided into five coherent packages of similar age, stratigraphic position and facies association. Successions of the basin system are dominated by an assemblage of sedimentary siliciclastics, evaporitic carbonates and organic-rich mudstones with minor intersections of volcanic rocks and records nearly a billion years of Earth& #8217 s history from ca. 1.82 Ga to the Tonian. This period has generally been considered a time of stability within the Earth system and is therefore unfortunately titled & #8216 the boring billion& #8217 . However, compilation of new and existing water chemistry proxies shown in this study reflected the contrary. Notably, shales and carbonates from the greater McArthur Basin chronicled a critical time in Earth& #8217 s history where the oxygenation of the ocean and atmosphere began and multi-cellular eukaryotes started to thrive within the ecosystem, demonstrating that this interval in the geological record is anything but boring.& & & & This study applied a multi-proxy approach based on observations of isotopic tracers and elemental variations from an extensive archive of carbonate-rich units throughout the greater McArthur Basin to reconstruct its palaeoenvironment, determine the tectonic setting and establish regional or global correlations. Elucidating the evolution of the basin is essential for understanding the controls of its petroleum and mineral resources as well as how Earth system processes developed during the Proterozoic. Radiogenic and stable isotopes are used to infer palaeo-depositional constraints such as biological productivity, weathering fluxes and provenance sources. Redox-sensitive elemental concentrations can also be used to reflect the changes in water-column chemistry between oxic, anoxic and euxinic conditions.& & & & Consequently, results from this study illustrate the relationship between the precipitation of metal compounds, production of organic matter and preservation of both systems with large-scale biogeochemical processes. Furthermore, this study also highlights the spatial and temporal variations of water chemistry within the basin. Enrichment in Mo concentrations in the Wollogorang Formation within the Tawallah Group indicated spells of widespread euxinia. Base metal concentrations within the unit showed lithogeochemical, halo-like distribution that is strongly correlated with changes in water column redox conditions. A shift to more radiogenic & sup& & /sup& Sr/& sup& & /sup& Sr values up to & #8764 .722 in the Fraynes Formation of the Limbunya Group reflected an increase in relative contribution of strontium from old continental crust in contrast to hydrothermal input which is consistent with a transient basin restriction from the open ocean. Rare earth and yttrium (REY) plots of the Dook Creek Formation inferred parts of the basin may have been lacustrine at ca. 1.5 Ga. Further up stratigraphy, the Middle Velkerri showed a shift towards more positive & #949 & sub& Nd(t)& /sub& values, representing a change to more juvenile source regions. These mafic provenances are richer in essential nutrients for biological activity such as phosphorus. More juvenile & #949 & sub& Nd(t) & /sub& data within the Velkerri Formation coincide with an increase in P concentrations and total organic carbon content (& wt. %).& &
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2001
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: International Union of Geological Sciences
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-02-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2005
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 25-08-2023
DOI: 10.31223/X5CW96
Abstract: Understanding the intricate relationships between the solid Earth and its surface systems in deep time necessitates comprehensive full-plate tectonic reconstructions that include evolving plate boundaries and oceanic plates. In particular, a tectonic reconstruction that spans multiple supercontinent cycles is important to understand the long-term evolution of Earth's interior, surface environments and mineral resources. Here we present a new full-plate tectonic reconstruction from 1.8 Ga to present that combines and refines three published models: one full-plate tectonicmodel spanning 1 Ga to present, and two continental-drift models focused on the late Paleoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic eras. Our model is constrained by geological and geophysical data, and presented as a relative plate motion model in a palaeomagnetic reference frame. The model encompasses three supercontinents, Nuna (Columbia),Rodinia, and Gondwana/Pangea, and more than two complete supercontinent cycles, covering ~40% of the Earth’s history. Our refinements to the base models are focussed on times before 1.0 Ga, with minor changes for the Neoproterozoic. For times between 1.8 Ga and 1.0 Ga, the root mean square speeds for all plates range between 4 and 10 cm/yr, and the net lithospheric rotation is below 0.9°/Myr, which are kinematically consistent with post-Pangean plate tectonic constraints. The time spans of the existence of Nuna and Rodinia are updated to between 1.6 Ga (1.65 Ga in the base model) and 1.46 Ga, and between 930 Ma and 780 Ma (800 Ma in the base model), respectively, based on geological and paleomagnetic data. We follow the base models to leave Amazonia/West Africa separate from Nuna (as well as Western Australia, which only collides with the remnants of Nuna after initial break-up), and South China/India separate from Rodinia. Contrary to the concept of a "boring billion", our model reveals a dynamic geological history between 1.8 Ga and 0.8 Ga, which is characterized by supercontinent assembly and breakup, continuous accretion events, and widespread LIP events. The model is publicly accessible, providing a framework for future refinements and facilitating deep time studies of Earth's system.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1017/S001675680000354X
Abstract: A laterally extensive, Neoproterozoic extensional detachment (the Betsileo shear zone) is recognized in central Madagascar separating the Itremo sheet (consisting of Palaeoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic sediments and underlying basement rocks) from the Antananarivo block (Archaean/Palaeoproterozoic crust re-metamorphosed in the Neoproterozoic). Non-coaxial deformation gradually increases to a maximum at a lithological contrast between the granitoids and gneisses of the footwall and the metasedimentary rocks of the hangingwall. Ultramylonites at this highest-strained zone show mineral-elongation lineations that plunge to the southwest. σ-, δ- and C/S-type fabrics imply top-to-the-southwest extensional shear sense. Contrasting metamorphic grades are found either side of the shear zone. In the north, where this contrast is greatest, hibolite-grade footwall rocks are juxtaposed with lower-greenschist-grade hangingwall rocks. The metamorphic grade in the hangingwall increases to the south, suggesting that a crustal section is preserved. The Betsileo shear zone facilitated crustal-scale extensional collapse of the East African Orogeny, and thus represents a previously poorly recognized structural phase in the story of Gondwanan amalgamation. Granitic magmatism and granulite/ hibolite-grade metamorphism in the footwall are all associated with formation of the Betsileo shear zone, making recognition of this detachment important in any attempt to understand the tectonic evolution of central Gondwana.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-03-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-62075-Y
Abstract: Southern India lies in an area of Gondwana where multiple blocks are juxtaposed along Moho-penetrating structures, the significance of which are not well understood. Adequate geochronological data that can be used to differentiate the various blocks are also lacking. We present a newly acquired SIMS U–Pb, Lu–Hf, O isotopic and trace element geochemical dataset from zircon and garnet from the protoliths of the Nagercoil Block at the very tip of southern India. The data indicate that the magmatic protoliths of the rocks in this block formed at c. 2040 Ma with Lu–Hf, O-isotope and trace element data consistent with formation in a magmatic arc environment. The zircon data from Nagercoil Block are isotopically and temporally distinct from those in all the other blocks in southern India, but remarkably correspond to rocks in East Africa that are exposed on the southern margin of the Tanzania–Bangweulu Block. The new data suggest that the tip of southern India has an African affinity and a major suture zone must lie along its northern margin. All of these blocks were finally brought together during the Ediacaran-Cambrian amalgamation of Gondwana where they underwent high to ultrahigh temperature metamorphism.
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 02-03-2021
DOI: 10.31223/X56K7S
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.1002/2014TC003706
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 27-02-2014
DOI: 10.1130/B30977.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2020TC006498
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 07-2004
DOI: 10.1086/421070
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-04-2009
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 05-2017
DOI: 10.1086/691185
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 13-12-2021
DOI: 10.5194/GCHRON-3-545-2021
Abstract: Abstract. The Salt Range Formation is an extensive evaporite sequence in northern Pakistan that has acted as the primary detachment accommodating Himalayan orogenic deformation from the north. This rheologically weak formation forms a mylonite in the Khewra Mine, where it accommodates approximately 40 km displacement and is comprised of intercalated halite and potash salts and gypsiferous marls. Polyhalite [K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4⚫2H2O] grains taken from potash marl and crystalline halite s les are used as geochronometers to date the formation and identify the closure temperature of the mineral polyhalite using the 40Ar/39Ar step-heating laser and furnace methods. The diffusion characteristics measured for two s les of polyhalite are diffusivity (D0), activation energy (Ea), and %39Ar. These values correspond to a closure temperature of ca. 254 and 277 ∘C for a cooling rate of 10 ∘C Myr−1. 40Ar/39Ar age results for both s les did not return any reliable crystallisation age. This is not unexpected as polyhalite is prone to 40Ar* diffusion loss and the evaporites have experienced numerous phases of deformation resetting the closed K/Ar system. An oldest minimum heating step age of ∼514 Ma from s le 06-3.1 corresponds relatively well to the established early Cambrian age of the formation. S les 05-P2 and 05-W2 have measured step ages and represent a deformation event that partially reset the K/Ar system based on oldest significant ages between ca. 381 and 415 Ma. We interpret the youngest measured step ages, between ca. 286 and 292 Ma, to represent the maximum age of deformation-induced recrystallisation. Both the youngest and oldest measured step ages for s les 05-P2 and 05-W2 occur within the time of a major unconformity in the area. These dates may reflect partial resetting of the K/Ar system from meteoric water infiltration and recrystallisation during this non-depositional time. Otherwise, they may result from mixing of Ar derived by radiogenic decay after Cambrian precipitation with partially reset Ar from pervasive Cenozoic deformation and physical recrystallisation.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1029/2009TC002504
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 02-1985
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-03-2022
DOI: 10.3390/GEOSCIENCES12040154
Abstract: Continental rifts have a significant role in supercontinent breakup and the development of sedimentary basins. The Australian Adelaide Superbasin is one of the largest and best-preserved rift systems that initiated during the breakup of Rodinia, yet substantial challenges still hinder our understanding of its early evolution and place within the Rodinian supercontinent. In the past decade, our understanding of rift and passive margin development, mantle plumes and their role in tectonics, geodynamics of supercontinent breakup, and sequence stratigraphy in tectonic settings has advanced significantly. However, literature on the early evolution of the Adelaide Superbasin has not been updated to reflect these advancements. Using new detrital zircon age data for provenance, combined with existing literature, we examine the earliest tectonic evolution of the Adelaide Superbasin in the context of our modern understanding of rift system development. A new maximum depositional age of 893 ± 9 Ma from the lowermost stratigraphic unit provides a revised limit on the initiation of sedimentation and rifting within the basin. Our model suggests that the basin evolved through an initial pulse of extension exploiting pre-existing crustal weakness to form half-grabens. Tectonic quiescence and stable subsidence followed, with deposition of a sourceward-shifting facies tract. Emplacement and extrusion of the Willouran Large Igneous Province occurred at c. 830 Ma, initiating a new phase of rifting. This rift renewal led to widespread extension and subsidence with the deposition of the Curdimurka Subgroup, which constitutes the main cyclic rift sequence in the Adelaide Superbasin. Our model suggests that the Adelaide Superbasin formed through rift propagation to an apparent triple junction, rather than apical extension outward from this point. In addition, we provide evidence suggesting a late Mesoproterozoic zircon source to the east of the basin, and show that the lowermost stratigraphy of the Centralian Superbasin, which is thought to be deposited coevally, had different primary detrital sources.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-2023
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756823000390
Abstract: The glaciogenic nature of the Yudnamutana Subgroup was first recognized over a century ago, and its global significance was recognized shortly after, with the eventual postulation of a global Sturtian Glaciation and Snowball Earth theory. Much debate on the origin and timing of these rocks, locally and globally, has ensued in the years since. A significant corpus of research on the lithology, sedimentology, geochronology and formal lithostratigraphy of these sequences globally has attempted to resolve many of these debates. In the type area for the Sturtian Glaciation, South Australia’s Adelaide Superbasin, the lithostratigraphy and sedimentology are well understood however, formal stratigraphic nomenclature has remained complicated and contested. Absolute dates on the stratigraphy are also extremely sparse in this area. The result of these longstanding issues has been disagreement as to whether the sedimentary rocks of the Yudnamutana Subgroup are truly correlative throughout South Australia, and if they were deposited in the same time span recently defined for Sturtian glacial rocks globally, c. 717 Ma to c. 660 Ma. This study presents a large detrital zircon study, summarizes and compiles existing global geochronology for the Sturtian Glaciation and revises the formal lithostratigraphic framework of the Yudnamutana Subgroup. We show equivalence of the rocks that comprise the revised Sturt Formation, the main glaciogenic unit of the Yudnamutana Subgroup, and that it was deposited within the time span globally defined for the Sturtian Glaciation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1002/2017TC004574
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 31-01-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X52S4G
Abstract: Recent progress in plate tectonic reconstructions has seen models move beyond the classical idea of continental drift by attempting to reconstruct the full evolving configuration of tectonic plates and plate boundaries. A particular problem for the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian is that many existing interpretations of geological and palaeomagnetic data have remained disconnected from younger, better-constrained periods in Earth history. An important test of deep time reconstructions is therefore to demonstrate the continuous kinematic viability of tectonic motions across multiple supercontinent cycles. We present, for the first time, a continuous full-plate model spanning 1 Ga to the present-day, that includes a revised and improved model for the Neoproterozoic–Cambrian (1000–520 Ma) that connects with models of the Phanerozoic, thereby opening up pre-Gondwana times for quantitative analysis and further regional refinements. In this contribution, we first summarise methodological approaches to full-plate modelling and review the existing full-plate models in order to select appropriate models that produce a single continuous model. Our model is presented in a palaeomagnetic reference frame, with a newly-derived apparent polar wander path for Gondwana from 540 to 320 Ma, and a global apparent polar wander path from 320 to 0 Ma. We stress, though while we have used palaeomagnetic data when available, the model is also geologically constrained, based on preserved data from past-plate boundaries. This study is intended as a first step in the direction of a detailed and self-consistent tectonic reconstruction for the last billion years of Earth history, and our model files are released to facilitate community development.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-02-2023
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 17-06-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X5TD1C
Abstract: Accurate spatial models of tectonic plates and geological terranes are important for analyzing and interpreting a wide variety of geoscientific data and developing compositional and physical models of the lithosphere. We present a global compilation of active plate boundaries and geological provinces in a shapefile format with interpretive attributes (e.g., crust type, plate type, province type, last orogeny). The initial plate and province boundaries are constructed from a combination of published global and regional models that we refine using a variety of geoscientific constraints including, but not limited to, relative GPS motions, earthquakes, mapped faults, potential field characteristics, and geochronology. These new plate model show improved correlation to observed earthquake and volcano occurrences within deformation zones and microplates, compared to existing models, capturing 73 and 80% of these criteria, respectively. Deformation zones and microplates only account for 16% of Earth's surface area. We estimate 57.5% of the Earth’s surface is covered by oceanic crust, which is a slight increase relative to the most recent seafloor age model. The model of last orogenies agrees well with peaks in the globally summed geochronology data. There is room for improvement in future editions of our global plate and geologic provinces model where basins, ice, or lack of geological data fidelity obscure bedrock geology, particularly in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt, much of Africa, East Antarctica, and eastern Australia. Additionally, some province types—orogens, shields, and cratons that are homogenized within our global scheme—can likely be partitioned into smaller terranes with more precise geodynamic attributes. Despite some of these shortcomings, the digital maps presented here form a self-consistent data standard for adding spatial metadata to geoscientific databases. The database is available on GitHub where the geoscience community can provide updates to improve the models and their contemporaneity as new knowledge is acquired. The files are also released in formats suitable for use in Generic Mapping Tools and GoogleEarth.
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 07-01-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-03-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2003
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 08-07-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-04-2011
Publisher: Universite de Geneve
Date: 26-07-2023
DOI: 10.57035/JOURNALS/SDK.2023.E11.1083
Abstract: The Tonian to Cryogenian (ca. 1000–635 Ma) marks a crucial turning point in Earth’s history, where tectonic reorganisation and fluctuating oceanic and atmospheric geochemistry plunged the globe into icehouse conditions. This was followed by a postglacial warming period that delivered large volumes of nutrients to the oceans and stimulated eukaryotic evolution. The Adelaide Superbasin in South Australia hosts a thick repository of Neoproterozoic and lower Cambrian sedimentary successions that preserve the depositional conditions during this unique time. In this study, detailed sedimentological data was collected from over 8,350 m of measured section at seven locations across the northern Flinders Ranges. Tonian deposits reveal a carbonate platform setting, where deposition was controlled by basin geometry and proximity to uplifted source areas. In the early Cryogenian, sedimentary successions were affected by the Sturtian glaciation, characterised by two glacial advance-retreat phases that coincide with climatically driven regression. The end of the Sturtian glaciation was marked by basin subsidence and widespread transgression into a more distal subaqueous environment. Despite the lithostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic similarity between Tonian–Cryogenian successions globally, their correlation remains contentious. The influence of local tectonic regimes during the Tonian created a potential oceanic restriction between developing basins, which challenges the chemostratigraphic correlation between these deposits. Further, limited geochronological ages and opposing interpretations of glacial cyclicity puts into question the timing and extent of the Sturtian glaciation. Conversely, the post glacial transgression appears to be the most globally consistent as it results from climatically controlled sea level rise that was driven by melting ice sheets.
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 02-2016
DOI: 10.1130/B31411.1
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU2020-12412
Abstract: & & There is still little known about the occurrence, formation and spatial distribution of long-lived cratonic basins that form during hundreds of millions of years of subsidence. Their histories often span multiple phases of super-continent break-up, dispersal and amalgamation. Each of these phases resulted in the modification of sedimentation rates and drainage within the basins but the broader basin persisted. These changing conditions are recorded in the detrital zircon record, providing a tool for understanding the basin evolution and consequently its palaeogeography.& & & & The informally termed greater McArthur Basin is a regionally extensive Proterozoic basin that overlies the North Australian Craton. It is a vast sedimentary system that stretches across the northern part of the Northern Territory from north-eastern Western Australia to north-western Queensland. It includes Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic successions of the McArthur and Birrindudu basins, the Tomkinson Province and likely the Lawn Hill Platform and South Nicholson Basin (to the south-east) all interpreted to be contemporaneous systems. However, the full extent of the greater McArthur Basin sedimentary system is still being unravelled. The basin records nearly one billion years of Earth history, from ca. 1.82 Ga to ca. 0.85 Ma. This sedimentary system temporally overlaps with episodes of Palaeo- to Mesoproterozoic tectonism and igneous activity that affected underlying and adjacent terranes, including the Aileron, Warumpi and Musgrave provinces to the present-day south, Pine Creek Orogen and Arnhem Province to the north, Halls Creek Orogen and Tanami Region to the west, and Mount Isa and Murphy provinces to the east. & & & & & LA-ICP-MS detrital zircon U& #8211 Pb geochronology and Lu& #8211 Hf isotope data provide new constraints on the lower sedimentary successions of the McArthur Basin (Tawallah and Katherine River Groups) and demonstrate they are coetaneous with the Tomkinson Province (Tomkinson Creek Group). U& #8211 Pb detrital zircon data show major & sup& & /sup& Pb /& sup& & /sup& Pb peaks at ca. 1860 Ma and ca. 2500& #8211 Ma in both the McArthur Basin and Tomkinson Province sediments. Combined with Lu& #8211 Hf isotope data, the detrital zircon age data from the McArthur Basin show similarities to the Aileron Province (to the south) and magmatic rocks of the Gawler Craton, suggesting that these terranes might be possible source areas. Comparatively, the oldest succession within the Tomkinson Province (Hayward Creek Formation), shows similar spectra to units within the Lawn Hill Platform succession (McNamara Group, Surprise Creek Sandstone and Carrara Range Group) possibly suggesting a correlation between the two areas.& & & & Here we explore the links between the North Australia Craton and surrounding continents to further elucidate the evolution of this enigmatic basin throughout the Proterozoic. New palaeogeographic reconstructions link the & #8216 greater& #8217 McArthur basin to the Yanliao Basin and coeval rocks in the North China Craton. The & #8216 greater& #8217 McArthur basin may also have extended into southern Australia, Laurentia and Siberia as a vast intra-continental gulf (the McArthur-Yanliao Gulf) within the core of the supercontinent Nuna/Colombia.& &
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 12-2012
DOI: 10.1130/G33270.1
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 07-07-2021
DOI: 10.1144/JGS2020-222
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-10-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2016
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 08-2005
DOI: 10.1130/G21485AR.1
Abstract: The 40Ar/39Ar age data on single detrital muscovite grains complement U-Pb zircon ages in provenance studies, as micas are mostly derived from proximal sources and record low-temperature processes. Ediacaran and Cambrian sedimentary rocks from northwest Iberia contain unmetamorphosed detrital micas whose 40Ar/39Ar age spectra suggest an Amazonian–Middle American provenance. The Ediacaran s le contained only Neoproterozoic micas (590–783 Ma), whereas the Cambrian s le contained three age groups: Neoproterozoic (550–640 Ma, Avalonian–Cadomian–Pan African), Mesoproterozoic- Neoproterozoic boundary (ca. 920–1060 Ma, Grenvillian-Sunsas), and late Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1580–1780 Ma, Rio Negro). Comparison of 40Ar/39Ar muscovite ages with published detrital zircon age data from the same formations supports the hypothesis that the Neoproterozoic basins of northwest Iberia were located in a peri-Amazonian realm, where the sedimentary input was dominated by local periarc sources. Tectonic slivering and strike-slip transport along the northern Gondwanan margin affected both the basins and fragments of basement that were transferred from Amazonian to northern African realms during the latest Neoproterozoic–earliest Cambrian. Exhumation and erosion of these basement sources caused shedding of detritus to the Cambrian basins, in addition to detritus sourced in the continental mainland. The apparent dominance of Rio Negro–aged micas in the Cambrian sandstone suggests the presence of unexposed basement of that age beneath the core of the Ibero-Armorican Arc.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1002/2015TC003876
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-03-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S0016756817000061
Abstract: The Omani basement is located spatially distant from the dominantly juvenile Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) to its west, and its relationship to the amalgamation of those arc terranes has yet to be properly constrained. The Jebel Ja'alan (NE Oman) basement inlier provides an excellent opportunity to better understand the Neoproterozoic tectonic geography of Oman and its relationship to the ANS. To understand the origin of this basement inlier, we present new radiogenic isotopic data from igneous bodies in Jebel Ja'alan. U–Pb and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar geochronological data are used to constrain the timing of magmatism and metamorphism in the jebel. Positive εHf and εNd values indicate a juvenile origin for the igneous lithologies. Phase equilibria modelling is used to constrain the metamorphic conditions recorded by basement. Pressure–temperature ( P – T ) pseudosections show that basement schists followed a clockwise P–T path, reaching peak metamorphic conditions of c. 650–700°C at 4–7.5 kbar, corresponding to a thermal gradient of c. 90–160°C/kbar. From the calculated thermal gradient, in conjunction with collected trace-element data, we interpret that the Jebel Ja'alan basement formed in an arc environment. Geochronological data indicate that this juvenile arc formed during Tonian time and is older than basement further west in Oman. We argue that the difference in timing is related to westwards arc accretion and migration, which implies that the Omani basement represents its own tectonic domain separate to the ANS and may be the leading edge of the Neoproterozoic accretionary margin of India.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 2010
End Date: 2013
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2012
End Date: 2014
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 2011
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2007
End Date: 12-2009
Amount: $125,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 10-2010
End Date: 12-2013
Amount: $192,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 12-2012
Amount: $150,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 12-2012
End Date: 12-2017
Amount: $822,606.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2017
End Date: 12-2018
Amount: $290,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2002
End Date: 12-2004
Amount: $55,734.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2007
End Date: 12-2008
Amount: $500,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 09-2021
End Date: 09-2025
Amount: $390,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2020
End Date: 11-2024
Amount: $320,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 06-2023
End Date: 06-2026
Amount: $405,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2015
End Date: 12-2018
Amount: $216,300.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2015
End Date: 12-2015
Amount: $170,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 12-2021
End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $536,198.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 10-2011
End Date: 10-2012
Amount: $420,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 04-2017
End Date: 06-2022
Amount: $490,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2022
End Date: 12-2022
Amount: $389,526.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2012
End Date: 12-2015
Amount: $260,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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