ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6985-8046
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: CMA Joule Inc.
Date: 15-07-2008
DOI: 10.1503/CMAJ.070359
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 28-07-2018
Publisher: SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications
Date: 2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-10-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.1109/EDOC.2013.16
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVRES.2007.09.004
Abstract: There are acknowledged difficulties in epidemiological studies to accurately assign exposure to air pollution for large populations, and large, long-term cohort studies have typically relied upon data from central monitoring stations. This approach has generally been adequate when populations span large areas or erse cities. However, when the effects of intra-urban differences in exposure are being studied, the use of these existing central sites are likely to be inadequate for representing spatial variability that exists within an urban area. As part of the Border Air Quality Strategy (BAQS), an international agreement between the governments of Canada and the United States, a number of air health effects studies are being undertaken by Health Canada and the US EPA. Health Canada's research largely focuses on the chronic exposure of elementary school children to air pollution. The exposure characterization for this population to a variety of air pollutants has been assessed using land-use regression (LUR) models. This approach has been applied in several cities to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), as an assumed traffic exposure marker. However, the models have largely been developed from limited periods of saturation monitoring data and often only represent one or two seasons. Two key questions from these previous efforts, which are examined in this paper, are: If NO2 is a traffic marker, what other pollutants, potentially traffic related, might it actually represent? How well is the within city spatial variability of NO2, and other traffic-related pollutants, characterized by a single saturation monitoring c aign. Input data for the models developed in this paper were obtained across a network of 54 monitoring sites situated across Windsor, Ontario. The pollutants studied were NO2, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and volatile organic compounds, which were measured in all four seasons by deploying passive s lers for 2-week periods. Correlations among these pollutants were calculated to assess what other pollutants NO2 might represent, and correlations across seasons for a given pollutant were determined to assess how much the within-city spatial pattern varies with time. LUR models were then developed for NO2, SO2, benzene, and toluene. A multiple regression model including proximity to the Ambassador Bridge (the main Canada-US border crossing point), and proximity to highways and major roads, predicted NO2 concentrations with an R2=0.77. The SO2 model predictors included distance to the Ambassador Bridge, dwelling density within 1500m, and Detroit-based SO2 emitters within 3000m resulting in a model with an R2=0.69. Benzene and toluene LUR models included traffic predictors as well as point source emitters resulting in R2=0.73 and 0.46, respectively. Between season pollutant correlations were all significant although actual concentrations for each site varied by season. This suggests that if one season were to be selected to represent the annual concentrations for a specific site this may lead to a potential under or overestimation in exposure, which could be significant for health research. All pollutants had strong inter-pollutant correlations suggesting that NO2 could represent SO2, benzene, and toluene.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-08-2010
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction
Date: 19-04-2022
DOI: 10.36680/J.ITCON.2022.016
Abstract: This research proposes recommendations that could improve interoperability in the architecture, engineering, construction and operations (AECO) sector, by connecting domains, building lifecycles, and software systems with each other and the web. The objective has been to identify methods that promote evolution from file-based formats by advancing object-based data exchange solutions. The research design is a mapping of standards and systems that have affected the nature of object-based data exchanges, and which have either been proposed or implemented in AECO and the Oil & Gas sector. This is an approach which allows for the range and ersity of information to be examined. A review of the Oil & Gas sector confirms a norm where object-based, rather than file-based, transactions have shaped data exchange models, formats, use case methodologies, and collaboration mechanisms, thus contributing towards semantic connectivity across its erse systems. Key research questions address the nature of these sectors, the promise that object-based data exchange offers, and examine recommendations that would improve standards and systems. The paper affirms that measures taken to improve interoperability in the Oil & Gas sector have relevance for the AECO sector, and that better understanding, and recognition of the structure of AECOs interoperability ecosystem is central to effecting lasting and significant change. Thus, we make recommendations that acknowledge the hybrid nature of AECO data exchanges and propose an interoperability ecosystem that connects both distributed and centralised federated models. Improved standards to define application programming interfaces (APIs) and adaptors, based on a modular approach, would be central to this proposal. We also make recommendations to improve use case definitions, and to ensure that semantic connectivity at the object level is scalable to web-based transactions. Finally, we assert that, to realise these changes, the developers and vendors of its systems should recognise and address the AECO sector’s pressing needs and concerns.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 10-2012
No related grants have been discovered for Nicolas Gilbert.