ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3575-0106
Current Organisation
University of Wollongong
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience | Quaternary Environments | Geochemistry | Geochronology And Isotope Geochemistry | Geomorphology and Regolith and Landscape Evolution | Isotope Geochemistry | Geology | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Archaeology | Surfacewater Hydrology | Geomorphology | Natural Hazards | Basin Analysis | Vulcanology | Exploration Geochemistry | Igneous And Metamorphic Petrology | Groundwater Hydrology | Geochronology | Natural Resource Management | Planetary Science (excl. Extraterrestrial Geology) | Tectonics
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Effects of Climate Change and Variability on Australia (excl. Social Impacts) | Physical and Chemical Conditions of Water in Fresh, Ground and Surface Water Environments (excl. Urban and Industrial Use) | Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Land and water management | Land and water management | Earth sciences | Environmental and resource evaluation not elsewhere classified | Uranium | Land and water management | Mining and Extraction of Stone and Clay | Land and water management | Chemical sciences | Physical sciences | Sparseland, Permanent Grassland and Arid Zone Soils | Oil and Gas Exploration | Forest and Woodlands Soils |
Related Links
Publications
The erosion response to Quaternary climate change quantified using uranium isotopes and in situ - produced cosmogenic nuclides
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Regolith formation rate from U-series nuclides: Implications from the study of a spheroidal weathering profile in the Rio Icacos watershed (Puerto Rico)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
SpinChem™: rapid element purification from biological and geological matrices via centrifugation for MC-ICP-MS isotope analyses – a case study with Zn
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9JA00361D
Abstract: SpinChem™ ion exchange chromatography (IEC) for subsequent MC-ICP-MS isotope analyses – revolutionizing s le throughput in isotope geochemistry, literally.
Catchment vegetation and erosion controls soil carbon cycling in south-eastern Australia during the last two Glacial-Interglacial cycles
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 26-09-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X5T05R
Rapid response of silicate weathering rates to climate change in the Himalaya
Publisher: European Association of Geochemistry
Date: 20-02-2015
Timescales of Magmatic Processes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2010
Sediment residence times constrained by uranium-series isotopes: A critical appraisal of the comminution approach
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Impact of climate change and human activity on soil landscapes over the past 12,300 years
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-01-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-18603-4
Abstract: Soils are key to ecosystems and human societies, and their critical importance requires a better understanding of how they evolve through time. However, identifying the role of natural climate change versus human activity (e.g. agriculture) on soil evolution is difficult. Here we show that for most of the past 12,300 years soil erosion and development were impacted differently by natural climate variability, as recorded by sediments deposited in Lake Dojran (Macedonia/Greece): short-lived ( 1,000 years) climatic shifts had no effect on soil development but impacted soil erosion. This decoupling disappeared between 3,500 and 3,100 years ago, when the sedimentary record suggests an unprecedented erosion event associated with the development of agriculture in the region. Our results show unambiguously how differently soils evolved under natural climate variability (between 12,300 and 3,500 years ago) and later in response to intensifying human impact. The transition from natural to anthropogenic landscape started just before, or at, the onset of the Greek ‘Dark Ages’ (~3,200 cal yr BP). This could represent the earliest recorded sign of a negative feedback between civilization and environmental impact, where the development of agriculture impacted soil resources, which in turn resulted in a slowdown of civilization expansion.
Sediment residence times in catchments draining to the Gulf of Carpentaria, northern Australia, inferred by uranium comminution dating
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
UThwigl — An R package for closed- and open-system uranium–thorium dating
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Impact of inorganic salts on degradation of bisphenol A and diclofenac by crude extracellular enzyme from Pleurotus ostreatus
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-12-2017
Quaternary vertebrate faunas from Sumba, Indonesia: implications for Wallacean biogeography and evolution
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 30-08-2017
Abstract: Historical patterns of ersity, biogeography and faunal turnover remain poorly understood for Wallacea, the biologically and geologically complex island region between the Asian and Australian continental shelves. A distinctive Quaternary vertebrate fauna containing the small-bodied hominin Homo floresiensis , pygmy Stegodon proboscideans, varanids and giant murids has been described from Flores, but Quaternary faunas are poorly known from most other Lesser Sunda Islands. We report the discovery of extensive new fossil vertebrate collections from Pleistocene and Holocene deposits on Sumba, a large Wallacean island situated less than 50 km south of Flores. A fossil assemblage recovered from a Pleistocene deposit at Lewapaku in the interior highlands of Sumba, which may be close to 1 million years old, contains a series of skeletal elements of a very small Stegodon referable to S. sumbaensis , a tooth attributable to Varanus komodoensis , and fragmentary remains of unidentified giant murids. Holocene cave deposits at Mahaniwa dated to approximately 2000–3500 BP yielded extensive material of two new genera of endemic large-bodied murids, as well as fossils of an extinct frugivorous varanid. This new baseline for reconstructing Wallacean faunal histories reveals that Sumba's Quaternary vertebrate fauna, although phylogenetically distinctive, was comparable in ersity and composition to the Quaternary fauna of Flores, suggesting that similar assemblages may have characterized Quaternary terrestrial ecosystems on many or all of the larger Lesser Sunda Islands.
The last interglacial (MIS 5e) sea level highstand from a tectonically stable far-field setting, Yorke Peninsula, southern Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Introduction to the Timescales of Magmatic Processes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2010
Rapid recovery of Ediacaran oceans in the aftermath of the Marinoan glaciation
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 20-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/CP-2018-119
Abstract: Abstract. The termination of Cryogenian glaciations would have undoubtedly impacted the chemistry of Neoproterozoic oceans, with possible consequences for life but the extent and duration of this impact are poorly constrained. In this study, we use the lithium (Li) isotope composition of Ediacaran cap dolostones from South Australia (Nuccaleena Formation) and China (Doushantuo Fm) to investigate changes in ocean chemistry that followed the Marinoan deglaciation. The effect of diagenesis was evaluated and while the Nuccaleena Fm is likely to have preserved the primary composition of cap dolostone deposition, the offset in Li isotope ratios observed for the Doushantuo Fm could possibly reflect partial overprinting by diagenetic fluids. The Li isotope composition of Ediacaran seawater was estimated and we suggest it was similar to that of late Cenozoic oceans for most of the cap dolostone deposition. Using a box model for the oceanic Li cycle, we show that at the onset of deglaciation, the supply of riverine Li to the oceans was up to 50 times the modern flux. The modelled riverine Li isotope composition suggests that continents resembled modern high-latitude regions during this time. This episode was short-lived (up to 1 Myr) and the subsequent supply of riverine Li was similar to modern conditions, both in flux and isotope composition, for the whole duration of cap dolostone deposition. These results suggest that Ediacaran oceans and continents rapidly recovered from the Marinoan glaciation to reach environmental conditions similar to the late Cenozoic. From the standpoint of the Li oceanic budget, the Ediacaran oceans in which complex lifeforms emerged may have not been that different from our modern oceans.
Lithium isotopes in dolostone as a palaeo-environmental proxy – An experimental approach
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 04-09-2018
DOI: 10.5194/CP-2018-113
Abstract: Abstract. Lithium (Li) isotopes in marine carbonates have considerable potential as a proxy to constrain past changes in silicate weathering fluxes and improve our understanding of Earth’s climate. To date the majority of Li isotope studies on marine carbonates have focussed on calcium carbonates. Determination of the Li isotope fractionation between dolomite and a dolomitizing fluid, would allow us to extend investigations to deep times (i.e., Precambrian) when dolostones were the most abundant marine carbonate archives. Dolostones often contain a significant proportion of detrital silicate material, which dominates the Li budget, thus pre-treatment needs to be designed so that only the isotope composition of the carbonate-associated Li is measured. This study aims to serve two main goals: (1) determining the Li isotope fractionation between Ca-Mg carbonates and solution and (2) to develop a method for leaching the carbonate-associated Li out of dolostone while not affecting that contained within the detrital portion of the rock. We synthesized Ca-Mg carbonates at high temperature (150 to 220 °C) and measured the Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of precipitated solids and their respective reactive solutions. The relationship of the Li isotope fractionation factor with temperature was obtained: 103lnαprec-sol = −(2.56 ± 0.27) × 106T2 + (5.8 ± 1.3) Competitive nucleation and growth between dolomite and magnesite were observed during the experiments, however, without notable effect of their relative proportion on the apparent Li isotope fractionation. We found that Li isotope fractionation between precipitated solid and solution is much greater for Ca-Mg carbonates than for Ca carbonates. If the seawater temperature can be estimated independently, the above equation could be used in conjunction with the Li isotope composition of dolostones to derive those of the precipitating solutions and hence make inferrals about the past oceanic Li cycle. In addition, we also conducted leaching experiments on a Neoproterozoic dolostone and a Holocene coral. Results show that leaching with 0.05M HCl or 0.5 % acetic acid at room temperature for 60 min releases Li from the carbonate fraction without significant contribution of Li from the siliciclastic detrital component. These experimental and analytical developments provide a basis for the use of Li isotopes in dolostones as a palaeo-environmental proxy, which will contribute to further advance our understanding of the evolution of Earth’s surface environments.
Assessment of metal concentrations in the SOD1G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and its potential role in muscular denervation, with particular focus on muscle tissue
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.MCN.2018.03.001
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is among the most common of the motor neuron diseases, and arguably the most devastating. During the course of this fatal neurodegenerative disorder, motor neurons undergo progressive degeneration. The currently best-understood animal models of ALS are based on the over-expression of mutant isoforms of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) these indicate that there is a perturbation in metal homeostasis with disease progression. Copper metabolism in particular is affected in the central nervous system (CNS) and muscle tissue. This present study assessed previously published and newly gathered concentrations of transition metals (Cu, Zn, Fe and Se) in CNS (brain and spinal cord) and non-CNS (liver, intestine, heart and muscle) tissues from transgenic mice over-expressing the G93A mutant SOD1 isoform (SOD1 Cu accumulates in non-CNS tissues at pre-symptomatic stages in SOD1 It is hypothesized that the observed Cu accumulations may represent a pathologic feature of ALS, which may actively contribute to axonal retraction leading to muscular denervation, and possibly significantly contributing to disease pathology. Therefore, it is proposed that the toxic-gain-of-function and dying-back hypotheses to explain the molecular drivers of ALS may not be separate, in idual processes rather our data suggests that they are parallel processes.
Late quaternary fluvial incision and aggradation in the Lesser Himalaya, India
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Riverine Li isotope fractionation in the Amazon River basin controlled by the weathering regimes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
U-Th-Ra fractionation during crustal-level andesite formation at Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2007
Pleistocene cave art from Sulawesi, Indonesia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE13422
Abstract: Archaeologists have long been puzzled by the appearance in Europe ∼40-35 thousand years (kyr) ago of a rich corpus of sophisticated artworks, including parietal art (that is, paintings, drawings and engravings on immobile rock surfaces) and portable art (for ex le, carved figurines), and the absence or scarcity of equivalent, well-dated evidence elsewhere, especially along early human migration routes in South Asia and the Far East, including Wallacea and Australia, where modern humans (Homo sapiens) were established by 50 kyr ago. Here, using uranium-series dating of coralloid speleothems directly associated with 12 human hand stencils and two figurative animal depictions from seven cave sites in the Maros karsts of Sulawesi, we show that rock art traditions on this Indonesian island are at least compatible in age with the oldest European art. The earliest dated image from Maros, with a minimum age of 39.9 kyr, is now the oldest known hand stencil in the world. In addition, a painting of a babirusa ('pig-deer') made at least 35.4 kyr ago is among the earliest dated figurative depictions worldwide, if not the earliest one. Among the implications, it can now be demonstrated that humans were producing rock art by ∼40 kyr ago at opposite ends of the Pleistocene Eurasian world.
Response to Comment on “A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago”
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 19-11-2021
Abstract: Our paper about the impacts of the Lasch s Geomagnetic Excursion 42,000 years ago has provoked considerable scientific and public interest, particularly in the so-called Adams Event associated with the initial transition of the magnetic poles. Although we welcome the opportunity to discuss our new ideas, Hawks’ assertions of misrepresentation are especially disappointing given his limited examination of the material.
Quaternary volcanic evolution in the continental back-arc of southern Mendoza, Argentina
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Composite grains from volcanic terranes: Internal dose rates of supposed ‘potassium-rich’ feldspar grains used for optical dating at Liang Bua, Indonesia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Lithium isotope composition of Ediacaran dolostones from the Nuccaleena and Doushantuo formations
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-08-2023
Technical note: Optimizing the utility of combined GPR, OSL, and Lidar (GOaL) to extract paleoenvironmental records and decipher shoreline evolution
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 28-02-2221
Abstract: Abstract. Records of past sea levels, storms, and their impacts on coastlines are crucial for forecasting and managing future changes resulting from anthropogenic global warming. Coastal barriers that have prograded over the Holocene preserve within their accreting sands a history of storm erosion and changes in sea level. High-resolution geophysics, geochronology, and remote sensing techniques offer an optimal way to extract these records and decipher shoreline evolution. These methods include light detection and ranging (lidar) to image the lateral extent of relict shoreline dune morphology in 3-D, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to record paleo-dune, beach, and nearshore stratigraphy, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to date the deposition of sand grains along these shorelines. Utilization of these technological advances has recently become more prevalent in coastal research. The resolution and sensitivity of these methods offer unique insights on coastal environments and their relationship to past climate change. However, discrepancies in the analysis and presentation of the data can result in erroneous interpretations. When utilized correctly on prograded barriers these methods (independently or in various combinations) have produced storm records, constructed sea-level curves, quantified sediment budgets, and deciphered coastal evolution. Therefore, combining the application of GPR, OSL, and Lidar (GOaL) on one prograded barrier has the potential to generate three detailed records of (1) storms, (2) sea level, and (3) sediment supply for that coastline. Obtaining all three for one barrier (a GOaL hat-trick) can provide valuable insights into how these factors influenced past and future barrier evolution. Here we argue that systematically achieving GOaL hat-tricks on some of the 300+ prograded barriers worldwide would allow us to disentangle local patterns of sediment supply from the regional effects of storms or global changes in sea level, providing for a direct comparison to climate proxy records. Fully realizing this aim requires standardization of methods to optimize results. The impetus for this initiative is to establish a framework for consistent data collection and analysis that maximizes the potential of GOaL to contribute to climate change research that can assist coastal communities in mitigating future impacts of global warming.
A strontium isoscape of northern Australia
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 14-04-2023
DOI: 10.5194/ESSD-15-1655-2023
Abstract: Abstract. Strontium isotopes (87Sr/86Sr) are useful to trace processes in the Earth sciences as well as in forensic, archaeological, palaeontological, and ecological sciences. As very few large-scale Sr isoscapes exist in Australia, we have identified an opportunity to determine 87Sr/86Sr ratios on archived fluvial sediment s les from the low-density National Geochemical Survey of Australia. The present study targeted the northern parts of Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and Queensland, north of 21.5∘ S. The s les were taken mostly from a depth of ∼60–80 cm in floodplain deposits at or near the outlet of large catchments (drainage basins). A coarse ( mm) grain-size fraction was air-dried, sieved, milled, and digested (hydrofluoric acid + nitric acid followed by aqua regia) to release total Sr. The Sr was then separated by chromatography, and the 87Sr/86Sr ratio was determined by multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results demonstrate a wide range of Sr isotopic values (0.7048 to 1.0330) over the survey area, reflecting a large ersity of source rock lithologies, geological processes, and bedrock ages. The spatial distribution of 87Sr/86Sr shows coherent (multi-point anomalies and smooth gradients), large-scale ( km) patterns that appear to be broadly consistent with surface geology, regolith/soil type, and/or nearby outcropping bedrock. For instance, the extensive black clay soils of the Barkly Tableland define a km long northwest–southeast-trending unradiogenic anomaly (87Sr/86Sr .7182). Where sedimentary carbonate or mafic/ultramafic igneous rocks dominate, low to moderate 87Sr/86Sr values are generally recorded (medians of 0.7387 and 0.7422, respectively). Conversely, In proximity to the outcropping Proterozoic metamorphic basement of the Tennant, McArthur, Murphy, and Mount Isa geological regions, radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr values ( .7655) are observed. A potential correlation between mineralization and elevated 87Sr/86Sr values in these regions needs to be investigated in greater detail. Our results to date indicate that incorporating soil/regolith Sr isotopes in regional, exploratory geoscience investigations can help identify basement rock types under (shallow) cover, constrain surface processes (e.g. weathering and dispersion), and, potentially, recognize components of mineral systems. Furthermore, the resulting Sr isoscape and future models derived therefrom can also be utilized in forensic, archaeological, palaeontological, and ecological studies that aim to investigate, for ex le, past and modern animal (including humans) dietary habits and migrations. The new spatial Sr isotope dataset for the northern Australia region is publicly available (de Caritat et al., 2022a 0.26186/147473).
The role of the Béni floodplain on the chemical weathering fluxes in the upper Madeira basin, Bolivia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Technical note: Lithium isotopes in dolostone as a palaeo-environmental proxy - an experimental approach
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 04-04-2019
Abstract: Abstract. Lithium (Li) isotopes in marine carbonates have considerable potential as a proxy to constrain past changes in silicate weathering fluxes and improve our understanding of Earth's climate. To date the majority of Li isotope studies on marine carbonates have focussed on calcium carbonates. The determination of the Li isotope fractionation between dolomite and a dolomitizing fluid would allow us to extend investigations to deep times (i.e. Precambrian) when dolostones were the most abundant marine carbonate archives. Dolostones often contain a significant proportion of detrital silicate material, which dominates the Li budget thus, pretreatment needs to be designed so that only the isotope composition of the carbonate-associated Li is measured. This study aims to serve two main goals: (1) to determine the Li isotope fractionation between Ca–Mg carbonates and solution, and (2) to develop a method for leaching the carbonate-associated Li out of dolostone while not affecting the Li contained within the detrital portion of the rock. We synthesized Ca–Mg carbonates at high temperatures (150 to 220 ∘C) and measured the Li isotope composition (δ7Li) of the precipitated solids and their respective reactive solutions. The relationship of the Li isotope fractionation factor with temperature was obtained: 103lnαprec-sol=-(2.56±0.27)106(1)/T2+(5.8±1.3) Competitive nucleation and growth between dolomite and magnesite were observed during the experiments however, there was no notable effect of their relative proportion on the apparent Li isotope fractionation. We found that Li isotope fractionation between the precipitated solid and solution is higher for Ca–Mg carbonates than for Ca carbonates. If the temperature of a precipitating solution is known or can be estimated independently, the above equation could be used in conjunction with the Li isotope composition of dolostones to derive the composition of the solution and hence make inferences about the past Li cycle. In addition, we also conducted leaching experiments on a Neoproterozoic dolostone and a Holocene coral. Results show that leaching with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) or 0.5 % acetic acid (HAc) at room temperature for 60 min releases Li from the carbonate fraction without a significant contribution of Li from the siliciclastic detrital component. These experimental and analytical developments provide a basis for the use of Li isotopes in dolostones as a palaeo-environmental proxy, which will contribute to further advance our understanding of the evolution of Earth's surface environments.
A strontium isoscape of northern Australia
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 16-01-2023
Abstract: Abstract. Strontium isotopes (87Sr / 86Sr) are useful in the Earth sciences as well as in forensic, archaeological, palaeontological, and ecological sciences. As very few large-scale Sr isoscapes exist in Australia, we have identified an opportunity to determine 87Sr / 86Sr ratios on archive fluvial sediment s les from the low-density National Geochemical Survey of Australia (www.ga.gov.au/ngsa last access: 15 December 2022). The present study targeted the northern parts of Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland, north of 21.5° S. The s les were taken mostly from a depth of ~60–80 cm in floodplain deposits at or near the outlet of large catchments (drainage basins). A coarse ( 2 mm) grain-size fraction was air-dried, sieved, milled then digested (hydrofluoric acid + nitric acid followed by aqua regia) to release total Sr. The Sr was then separated by chromatography and the 87Sr / 86Sr ratio determined by multicollector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Preliminary results demonstrate a wide range of Sr isotopic values (0.7048 to 1.0330) over the survey area, reflecting a large ersity of source rock lithologies, geological processes and bedrock ages. Spatial distribution of 87Sr / 86Sr shows coherent (multi-point anomalies and smooth gradients), large-scale ( 100 km) patterns that appear to be broadly consistent with surface geology, regolith/soil type, and/or nearby outcropping bedrock. For instance, the extensive black clay soils of the Barkly Tableland define a 500 km-long northwest-southeast-trending unradiogenic anomaly (87Sr / 86Sr 0.7182). Where carbonate or mafic igneous rocks dominate, a low to moderate Sr isotope signature is observed. In proximity to the outcropping Proterozoic metamorphic basement of the Tennant, McArthur, Murphy and Mount Isa geological regions, conversely, radiogenic 87Sr / 86Sr values ( 0.7655) are observed. A potential correlation between mineralisation and elevated 87Sr / 86Sr values in these regions needs to be investigated in greater detail. Our results to-date indicate that incorporating soil/regolith Sr isotopes in regional, exploratory geoscience investigations can help identify basement rock types under (shallow) cover, constrain surface processes (e.g. weathering, dispersion), and, potentially, recognise components of mineral systems. Furthermore, the resulting Sr isoscape and future models derived therefrom can also be utilised in forensic, archaeological, paleontological and ecological studies that aim to investigate, e.g., past and modern animal (including humans) dietary habits and migrations. The new spatial Sr isotope dataset for the northern Australia region is publicly available (de Caritat et al., 2022a 0.26186/147473 last access: 15 December 2022).
Longitudinal assessment of metal concentrations and copper isotope ratios in the G93A SOD1 mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C6MT00270F
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease, which involves progressive motor neuron degeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). The G93A SOD1 mouse model simulates one of the most common causes of familial ALS through the overexpression of a mutated form of the human gene encoding copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1). Transition metals, particularly Cu and Zn, have been shown to behave abnormally in the disease context and have been hypothesized to contribute to and potentially trigger the disease. In this study, concentrations of Cu, Zn and Fe, as well as Cu isotope ratios were assessed in keystone tissues of ALS, including the brain, spinal cord, muscle and whole blood, from transgenic mutant SOD1
Uranium-series isotopes in river materials: Insights into the timescales of erosion and sediment transport
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
Uranium-series isotope and thermal constraints on the rate and depth of silicic magma genesis
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1144/SP304.9
Source depletion and extent of melting in the Tongan sub-arc mantle
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2008
Cyclic elemental signatures suggest nursing adaptations to food stress in Australopithecus africanus,
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 10-06-2020
Catchment vegetation and erosion controls soil carbon cycling in SE Australia during two Glacial-Interglacial complexes
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-4100
Abstract: & & Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) represents with up to 80% the largest part of the terrestrial& #8217 s carbon pool. However, it is still highly debated if soil-carbon is a net atmospheric carbon source or sink. This is mainly due to a paucity of information on the SOC& #8217 s fate during soil erosion, which controls the interplay between SOC oxidation during soil storage, transportation, and final storage in a sedimentary sink. The southern hemisphere landmasses have the potential to play a dominant role in the SOC - atmosphere carbon cycle, since wetter (dryer) climates can cause the expansion (contraction) of terrestrial biomass in vast continental areas, such as for ex le in temperate to semi-arid SE Australia.& & & & We herein investigate the interplay between catchment erosion (quantified by means of uranium isotopes), vegetation density (pollen), the wetland& #8217 s response (diatoms), and catchment-wide carbon and nitrogen cycling (carbon and nitrogen isotopes) on glacial/interglacial time scales in SE Australia. The analyses are applied to the sediments of Lake Couridjah, which is part of the Thirlmere Lake system located approximately 100 km SE of Sydney. A previous study has shown that Lake Couridjah and its catchment vegetation are highly sensitive to local and regional climate change. Radiocarbon and luminescence dating revealed that recovered lake sediments cover the time interval between ~140 ka and 100 ka, and between ~17.6 cal yr BP and present day. Lake Couridjah is thus one of the very few sedimentary archives providing a continuous archive for the previous interglacial complex in SE Australia, and thus offers an outstanding opportunity to study SOC cycling in a small catchment across different interglacial boundary conditions. The sedimentary analyses are supported by uranium, carbon, and nitrogen isotope analyses of a soil pit from the vicinity of the lake.& & & & Statistical analyses revealed robust phase-relationships between catchment erosion, vegetation density, and carbon and nitrogen cycling during both glacial-interglacial complexes. The data implies that the density of the catchment& #8217 s sclerophyll woodland and mid- to understory vegetation - and not the amount of rainfall - has major control on catchment erosion, and, thus, on SOC storage in the catchment. Overall wetter and warmer peak interglacial conditions promote the expansion of dense sclerophyll vegetation, reducing catchment erosion while simultaneously increasing SOC storage as well as lake productivity and lake carbon-storage. The later post-Eemian phase of the preceding interglacial reveals overall cooler climates and a more open sclerophyll vegetation, resulting in faster catchment-wide erosion and reduced SOC and lake-C storage, conditions that are lified in glacial periods (post-LGM, penultimate glacial period).& &
Soil formation rates determined from Uranium-series isotope disequilibria in soil profiles from the southeastern Australian highlands
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
U-Th-Pa-Ra study of the Kamchatka arc: New constraints on the genesis of arc lavas
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2003
Insights on catchment-wide weathering regimes from boron isotopes in riverine material
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
A strontium isoscape of inland southeastern Australia
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 22-09-2022
DOI: 10.5194/ESSD-14-4271-2022
Abstract: Abstract. The values and distribution patterns of the strontium (Sr) isotope ratio 87Sr/86Sr in Earth surface materials are of use in the geological, environmental, and social sciences. Ultimately, the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of soils and everything that lives in and on them are inherited from the rocks that are the parent materials of the soil's components. In Australia, there are few large-scale surveys of 87Sr/86Sr available, and here we report on a new, low-density dataset using 112 catchment outlet (floodplain) sediment s les covering 529 000 km2 of inland southeastern Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria). The coarse ( mm) fraction of bottom sediment s les (depth ∼ 0.6–0.8 m) from the National Geochemical Survey of Australia were milled and fully digested before Sr separation by chromatography and 87Sr/86Sr determination by multicollector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results show a wide range of 87Sr/86Sr values from a minimum of 0.7089 to a maximum of 0.7511 (range 0.0422). The median 87Sr/86Sr (± median absolute deviation) is 0.7199 (± 0.0071), and the mean (± standard deviation) is 0.7220 (± 0.0106). The spatial patterns of the Sr isoscape observed are described and attributed to various geological sources and processes. Of note are the elevated (radiogenic) values (≥∼ 0.7270 top quartile) contributed by (1) the Palaeozoic sedimentary country rock and (mostly felsic) igneous intrusions of the Lachlan geological region to the east of the study area (2) the Palaeoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the central Broken Hill region both these sources contribute radiogenic material mainly by fluvial processes and (3) the Proterozoic to Palaeozoic rocks of the Kanmantoo, Adelaide, Gawler, and Painter geological regions to the west of the area these sources contribute radiogenic material mainly by aeolian processes. Regions of low 87Sr/86Sr (≤∼ 0.7130 bottom quartile) belong mainly to (1) a few central Murray Basin catchments (2) some Darling Basin catchments in the northeast and (3) a few Eromanga geological region-influenced catchments in the northwest of the study area these sources contribute unradiogenic material mainly by fluvial processes. The new spatial Sr isotope dataset for the DCD (Darling–Curnamona–Delamerian) region is publicly available (de Caritat et al., 2022 0.26186/146397).
Early presence of Homo sapiens in Southeast Asia by 86–68 kyr at Tam Pà Ling, Northern Laos
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-06-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-023-38715-Y
Abstract: The timing of the first arrival of Homo sapiens in East Asia from Africa and the degree to which they interbred with or replaced local archaic populations is controversial. Previous discoveries from Tam Pà Ling cave (Laos) identified H. sapiens in Southeast Asia by at least 46 kyr. We report on a recently discovered frontal bone (TPL 6) and tibial fragment (TPL 7) found in the deepest layers of TPL. Bayesian modeling of luminescence dating of sediments and U-series and combined U-series-ESR dating of mammalian teeth reveals a depositional sequence spanning ~86 kyr. TPL 6 confirms the presence of H. sapiens by 70 ± 3 kyr, and TPL 7 extends this range to 77 ± 9 kyr, supporting an early dispersal of H. sapiens into Southeast Asia. Geometric morphometric analyses of TPL 6 suggest descent from a gracile immigrant population rather than evolution from or admixture with local archaic populations.
The delicate balance between soil production and erosion, and its role on landscape evolution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Quantifying weathering rind formation rates using in situ measurements of U-series isotopes with laser ablation and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Continuous adsorption and biotransformation of micropollutants by granular activated carbon-bound laccase in a packed-bed enzyme reactor
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2016.01.014
Abstract: Laccase was immobilized on granular activated carbon (GAC) and the resulting GAC-bound laccase was used to degrade four micropollutants in a packed-bed column. Compared to the free enzyme, the immobilized laccase showed high residual activities over a broad range of pH and temperature. The GAC-bound laccase efficiently removed four micropollutants, namely, sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, diclofenac and bisphenol A, commonly detected in raw wastewater and wastewater-impacted water sources. Mass balance analysis showed that these micropollutants were enzymatically degraded following adsorption onto GAC. Higher degradation efficiency of micropollutants by the immobilized compared to free laccase was possibly due to better electron transfer between laccase and substrate molecules once they have adsorbed onto the GAC surface. Results here highlight the complementary effects of adsorption and enzymatic degradation on micropollutant removal by GAC-bound laccase. Indeed laccase-immobilized GAC outperformed regular GAC during continuous operation of packed-bed columns over two months (a throughput of 12,000 bed volumes).
Gender balance and geographical diversity in editorial boards of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta and Chemical Geology
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 22-12-2022
Abstract: Background: Members of editorial boards of academic journals are often considered gatekeepers of knowledge and role models for the academic community. Editorial boards should be sufficiently erse in the background of their members to facilitate publishing manuscripts representing a wide range of research paradigms, methods, and cultural perspectives. Objectives: To critically evaluate changes in the representation of binary gender and geographic ersity over time on the editorial boards of Chemical Geology and Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , flagship geochemistry journals, respectively, from the European Association of Geochemistry and the Geochemical Society & ndash Meteoritical Society partnership. Methods: The composition of editorial boards was ascertained as given in the first issue of each year, over 1965& ndash for Chemical Geology and 1950& ndash for Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , and members of the editorial boards were coded for their country of affiliation (the country of origin may have been different) and for their binary gender. Results: Gender parity, limited to men and women, and the number of countries of affiliation increased steadily between the late 1980s and 2021. However, the geographic distribution remained dominated by affiliations from North America and Western Europe. The editor-in-chief or board of editors had a significant impact on the ersity of the editorial boards, and both geographic and gender ersity may evolve with nearly every newly appointed editor. However, the persistently substantial under-representation on editorial boards of affiliations outside North America and Europe is of concern and needs to be the focus of active recruitment and ongoing monitoring. This approach will ensure that traditionally low geographic ersity is increased and maintained in the future. Conclusion: Improving ersity and inclusion of editorial boards of academic journals and strengthening journal and disciplinary reputations are mutually reinforcing. Instituting a rotating editorship with emphasis on embedding broader geographic networks and more equitable international recruitment could ensure sustained and wider geographic representation and gender balance of editorial boards and promote originality and quality of published research, representing our global communities.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion: tackling under-representation and recognition of talents in Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 31-01-2022
DOI: 10.31223/X5J024
Abstract: Diversity, at every step along the scientific path, drives innovative research. Scientific societies, like the Geochemical Society (GS) and the European Association of Geochemistry (EAG), have a significant influence over which discoveries and innovators are celebrated. Such choices impact the future of research, and therefore influence the evolution of our discipline and its relationship to the global community. Our professional societies are well positioned to define and promote the success of all scientists, including those from under-represented groups, through proactive advocacy, inclusive mentorship, awards, and leadership. At present, only binary gender data are available to examine the distribution of under-represented groups among memberships, awardees, and leadership positions. To assess gender ersity in the geochemistry and cosmochemistry community, we have reviewed available records of GS and EAG membership through Goldschmidt Conference attendees, and compared these to awardees and leadership data. Awards have in the past been disproportionately given to white men, though this is changing. The GS and EAG have taken positive steps to increase both ersity of awardees (e.g., broadened definition of Fellows criteria) and inclusion (e.g., mentoring efforts aimed at early career and underrepresented minority scientists). This work identifies strategies to continue to improve professional societies’ recognition of excellent science resulting in a more erse representation of awardees. The strategies (e.g., revisions to award criteria and procedures to enlarge and ersify nomination pools) will require ongoing analysis and modifications. Future work is needed to address historically under-represented groups. We must work together to create a legacy of inclusion.
Supplementary material to A strontium isoscape of northern Australia
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 16-01-2023
Evolution of diversity in the editorial boards of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta and Chemical Geology
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 23-03-2023
DOI: 10.31223/X5292W
Abstract: Background: Editorial board members of academic journals are often considered gatekeepers of knowledge and role models for the community. Editorial boards should have sufficiently erse backgrounds to facilitate the publication of manuscripts with a wide range of research paradigms, methods, and cultural perspectives.Objectives: This study critically evaluates changes in the representation of binary gender and geographic ersity over time for the editorial boards of Chemical Geology and Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. These are the two flagship geochemistry journals from the European Association of Geochemistry and the Geochemical Society, respectively.Methods: Composition of editorial boards was taken from the first issue of the year in question and editorial board members were coded for country of affiliation and binary gender. Results: Gender parity, limited to men and women, and geographic representation of the editorial boards of Chemical Geology and Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, have steadily increased between the late 1980’s and 2021. However, geographic distribution remains largely dominated by affiliations from North America and Western Europe. The Editor-in-Chief or board of editors have a significant impact on the level of ersity of the editorial board. With nearly every newly appointed editor, both geographic and gender ersity may evolve. However, the persisting substantial underrepresentation of editorial board members from outside of North America and Europe is of concern and needs to be the focus of active recruitment and ongoing monitoring. This approach will ensure that traditionally low levels of geographic ersity are mitigated and representation of our global communities is improved and maintained in the future. Conclusions: Improving ersity and inclusion among editorial boards as well as strengthening journal and disciplinary reputations will reinforce one another. Instituting a rotating editorship with an emphasis on embedding broader geographic networks and more equitable international recruitment could ensure sustained and improved geographic, gender, and wider representation, which, as a consequence, may lift scientific originality and the quality of published research.
Considerations for U-series dating of sediments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Assessment of the controls on (234U/238U) activity ratios recorded in detrital lacustrine sediments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Response to Comment on “A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago”
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 19-11-2021
Abstract: Our study on the exact timing and the potential climatic, environmental, and evolutionary consequences of the Lasch s Geomagnetic Excursion has generated the hypothesis that geomagnetism represents an unrecognized driver in environmental and evolutionary change. It is important for this hypothesis to be tested with new data, and encouragingly, none of the studies presented by Picin et al . undermine our model.
Climatic records over the past 30ka from temperate Australia - a synthesis from the Oz-INTIMATE workgroup
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Uranium-series isotopes in colloids and suspended sediments: Timescale for sediment production and transport in the Murray-Darling River system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 30-06-2006
Weathering and transport of sediments in the Bolivian Andes: Time constraints from uranium-series isotopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 30-08-2006
Technical note: Optimizing the utility of combined GPR, OSL, and LiDAR (GOaL) to extract paleoenvironmental records and decipher shoreline evolution
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 30-01-2018
DOI: 10.5194/CP-2018-4
Abstract: Abstract. Records of past sea levels, storms, and their impacts on coastline are crucial in forecasting future changes resulting from anthropogenic global warming. Coastal barriers that have prograded over the Holocene preserve within their accreting sands history of storm erosion and changes in sea level. High-resolution geophysics, geochronology, and remote sensing techniques offer an optimal way to extract these records and decipher shoreline evolution: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) images the lateral extent of relict shoreline dune morphology Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) data records paleo-dune, beach and nearshore stratigraphy Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dates when sand grains were deposited that form these shorelines. Utilization of these technological advances has recently become more prevalent in coastal research. The resolution and sensitivity of these methods offer unique insights on coastal environments and their relationship to past climate change. However, discrepancies in analysis and presentation of the data can result in erroneous interpretations. When utilized correctly on prograded barriers these methods (independently or in various combinations) have produced storm records, constructed sea-level curves, quantified sediment budgets, and deciphered coastal evolution. Therefore, combining the application of GPR, OSL, and LiDAR (GOaL) on one prograded barrier has the potential to generate detailed records of storms, sea level, and sediment supply for that coastline. Obtaining this GOaL hat-trick can provide valuable insights into how these three factors influenced past and future barrier evolution. Here we argue that systematically achieving GOaL hat-tricks on some of the 300+ prograded barriers worldwide would allow us to disentangle local patterns of sediment supply from regional effects of storms or global changes in sea level, allowing direct comparison to climate proxy records. To fully realize this aim requires standardization of methods to optimize results. The impetus for this initiative is to establish a framework for consistent data analysis that maximizes the potential of GOaL to contribute to climate change research and assist coastal communities in mitigating future impacts of global warming.
Reappraisal of fluid and sediment contributions to Lesser Antilles magmas
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
The time scale of river sediment source-to-sink processes in East Asia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Rapid regolith formation over volcanic bedrock and implications for landscape evolution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
An Inter-Laboratory Assessment of the Thorium Isotopic Composition of Synthetic and Rock Reference Materials
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2008
From direct to indirect lithium targets: a comprehensive review of omics data
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7MT00203C
Abstract: Metal ions are critical to a wide range of biological processes.
The age of Homo naledi and associated sediments in the Rising Star Cave, South Africa
Publisher: eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
Date: 09-05-2017
DOI: 10.7554/ELIFE.24231
Abstract: New ages for flowstone, sediments and fossil bones from the Dinaledi Chamber are presented. We combined optically stimulated luminescence dating of sediments with U-Th and palaeomagnetic analyses of flowstones to establish that all sediments containing Homo naledi fossils can be allocated to a single stratigraphic entity (sub-unit 3b), interpreted to be deposited between 236 ka and 414 ka. This result has been confirmed independently by dating three H. naledi teeth with combined U-series and electron spin resonance (US-ESR) dating. Two dating scenarios for the fossils were tested by varying the assumed levels of 222Rn loss in the encasing sediments: a maximum age scenario provides an average age for the two least altered fossil teeth of 253 +82/–70 ka, whilst a minimum age scenario yields an average age of 200 +70/–61 ka. We consider the maximum age scenario to more closely reflect conditions in the cave, and therefore, the true age of the fossils. By combining the US-ESR maximum age estimate obtained from the teeth, with the U-Th age for the oldest flowstone overlying Homo naledi fossils, we have constrained the depositional age of Homo naledi to a period between 236 ka and 335 ka. These age results demonstrate that a morphologically primitive hominin, Homo naledi, survived into the later parts of the Pleistocene in Africa, and indicate a much younger age for the Homo naledi fossils than have previously been hypothesized based on their morphology.
Amphibole “sponge” in arc crust?
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1130/G23637A.1
Assessing the effect of sequential extraction on the uranium-series isotopic composition of a basaltic weathering profile
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Age and rate of weathering determined using uranium-series isotopes: Testing various approaches
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Prograded barriers + GPR + OSL = insight on coastal change over intermediate spatial and temporal scales
Publisher: Coastal Education and Research Foundation
Date: 03-03-2016
DOI: 10.2112/SI75-074.1
The evolution of weathering profiles through time: New insights from uranium-series isotopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
Transient landscape dynamics across the Southeastern Australian Escarpment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Thresholds for the presence of glacial megafauna in central Europe during the last 60,000 years
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-22464-X
Abstract: Lake sediment records from Holzmaar and the infilled maar of Auel (Eifel, Germany) are used to reconstruct landscape changes and megafauna abundances. Our data document a forested landscape from 60,000 to 48,000 yr b2k and a stepwise vegetation change towards a glacial desert after 26,000 yr b2k. The Eifel landscape was continuously inhabited from 48,000 to 9000 yr b2k by large mammals, documented by the presence of spores of coprophilous fungi from Sordaria and Sporormiella fungi that grow on fecal remains of the megafauna. Megafauna reached higher numbers during cold stadial climates but was present also during the warmer interstadials. Highest abundance was at 56,500/48,500/38,500/33,000/27,000/21,000/16,200/14,000 yr b2k, i.e. under different climate regimes. Some of these dates were associated with clear human presence, which indicates that megafauna was not overkilled by humans. In contrast, human presence could quite likely have been stimulated by the abundant food supply. Megafauna presence decreased significantly when tree abundance increased during interstadials. The Megafauna disappeared finally at 11,400 yr b2k with the development of the early Holocene forest cover, which appears to be the most important threshold for megafauna presence.
Localised magmatic constraints on continental back-arc volcanism in southern Mendoza, Argentina: the Santa Maria Volcano
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-10-2016
Extinction of eastern Sahul megafauna coincides with sustained environmental deterioration
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-05-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-15785-W
Abstract: Explanations for the Upper Pleistocene extinction of megafauna from Sahul (Australia and New Guinea) remain unresolved. Extinction hypotheses have advanced climate or human-driven scenarios, in spite of over three quarters of Sahul lacking reliable biogeographic or chronologic data. Here we present new megafauna from north-eastern Australia that suffered extinction sometime after 40,100 (±1700) years ago. Megafauna fossils preserved alongside leaves, seeds, pollen and insects, indicate a sclerophyllous forest with heathy understorey that was home to aquatic and terrestrial carnivorous reptiles and megaherbivores, including the world’s largest kangaroo. Megafauna species ersity is greater compared to southern sites of similar age, which is contrary to expectations if extinctions followed proposed migration routes for people across Sahul. Our results do not support rapid or synchronous human-mediated continental-wide extinction, or the proposed timing of peak extinction events. Instead, megafauna extinctions coincide with regionally staggered spatio-temporal deterioration in hydroclimate coupled with sustained environmental change.
Supplementary material to "A strontium isoscape of inland southeastern Australia"
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 27-04-2022
Last interglacial (MIS 5e) sea-level determined from a tectonically stable, far-field location, Eyre Peninsula, southern Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-07-2016
Incipient chemical weathering at bedrock fracture interfaces in a tropical critical zone system, Puerto Rico
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
A strontium isoscape of inland southeastern Australia
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 27-04-2022
Abstract: Abstract. The values and distribution patterns of the strontium (Sr) isotope ratio 87Sr / 86Sr in Earth surface materials is of use in the geological, environmental and social sciences. Ultimately, the 87Sr / 86Sr ratio of soil and everything that lives in and on it is inherited from the rock that is its parent material. In Australia, there are few large-scale surveys of 87Sr / 86Sr available, and here we report on a new, low-density dataset using 112 catchment outlet (floodplain) sediment s les covering 529,000 km2 of inland southeastern Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria). The coarse ( 2 mm) fraction of bottom sediment s les (depth ~0.6–0.8 m) from the National Geochemical Survey of Australia were milled and fully digested before Sr separation by chromatography and 87Sr / 86Sr determination by multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The results show a wide range of 87Sr / 86Sr values from a minimum of 0.7089 to a maximum of 0.7511 (range 0.0422). The median 87Sr / 86Sr (± robust standard deviation) is 0.7199 (± 0.0112), and the mean (± standard deviation) is 0.7220 (± 0.0106). The spatial patterns of the Sr isoscape observed are described and attributed to various geological sources and processes. Of note are the elevated (radiogenic) values (≥~0.7270 top quartile) contributed by (1) the Palaeozoic sedimentary country rock and (mostly felsic) igneous intrusions of the Lachlan geological region to the east of the study area (2) the Palaeoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the central Broken Hill region both these sources contribute radiogenic material mainly by fluvial processes and (3) the Proterozoic to Palaeozoic rocks of the Kanmantoo, Adelaide, Gawler and Painter geological regions to the west of the area these sources contribute radiogenic material mainly by aeolian processes. Regions of low 87Sr / 86Sr (≤~0.7130 bottom quartile) belong mainly to (1) a few central Murray Basin catchments (2) some Darling Basin catchments in the northeast and (3) a few Eromanga geological region-influenced catchments in the northwest of the study area these sources contribute radiogenic material mainly by fluvial processes.
Geochemical variations in the Quaternary Andean back-arc volcanism, southern Mendoza, Argentina
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Climatic and vegetation control on sediment dynamics during the last glacial cycle
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1130/G30708.1
Geophysical constraints on deep weathering and water storage potential in the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-01-2014
DOI: 10.1002/ESP.3502
Geochronological, morphometric and geochemical constraints on the Pampas Onduladas long basaltic flow (Payún Matrú Volcanic Field, Mendoza, Argentina)
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Sediment residence time variations in an Alpine river system inferred by uranium activity ratio.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU2020-6181
Abstract: & & The sediment residence time represents the time elapsed since the formation of the sediment in soils until its deposition. In order to better constrain timescales of sedimentary processes (erosion, transport, and deposition), it is important to understand to what extent sediment residence time is controlled by geomorphological parameters (e.g. elevation, curvature, slope). Uranium isotopes have been used to infer the time elapsed since the formation of fine detrital grains (& & #181 m) by physical and chemical weathering (i.e. comminution age).& & & & In this study, uranium isotopes were measured in fluvial sediments (& & #181 m) s led at different locations in a catchment (Var, France) to determine the variation of uranium activity ratio (& sup& & /sup& U/& sup& & /sup& U) along the river profile. The absence of fluvial plain implies that the sediment residence time mainly represents the storage time on hillslopes, as sediment transport is expected to be very rapid in this mountainous sedimentary system.& & & & & The catchment was ided into 27 sub-catchments to investigate the variability of the geomorphological parameters that have been extracted from spatial analysis. Additionally, sediment residence time was estimated based on soil thickness prediction data combined with denudation rate information to compare this predicted residence time to the one calculated with (& sup& & /sup& U/& sup& & /sup& U).& & & & The correlation between (& sup& & /sup& U/& sup& & /sup& U) and the estimated sediment residence time confirms that (& sup& & /sup& U/& sup& & /sup& U) can be modelled to infer sediment residence time. Furthermore, the correlations between the slope, the elevation and (& sup& & /sup& U/& sup& & /sup& U) highlight the geomorphological controls on the sediment residence time. The use of (& sup& & /sup& U/& sup& & /sup& U) in sedimentary archives will help to determine past geomorphological variations and re-construct past links between catchment erosion and climate change.& &
Response to Referee #1
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 18-03-2019
Response to Referee #2
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 28-03-2019
Middle to Late Quaternary palaeolandscapes of the central Azraq Basin, Jordan: Deciphering discontinuous records of human-environment dynamics at the arid margin of the Levant
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
The distribution of (234U/238U) activity ratios in river sediments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
U-series disequilibria in suspended river sediments and implication for sediment transfer time in alluvial plains: The case of the Himalayan rivers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
Record of Neotectonics and Deep Crustal Fluid Circulation Along the Santa Fe Fault Zone in Travertine Deposits of the Lucero Uplift, New Mexico, USA
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2020GC009454
Abstract: Travertine deposits preserve an invaluable record of both ancient and modern fluid flow. The goal of this study is to reconstruct spatial and temporal patterns in travertine deposition associated with tectonic and climatic controls along the Lucero Uplift in New Mexico, USA. Uranium‐series ages of travertine deposits in the Lucero Uplift range from 0.94 ± 0.01 to 592 ± 110 ka, indicating that travertine formation has been episodically active since at least ∼600 ka. We find minimal evidence to attribute glacial and interglacial cycles to travertine formation in the Lucero Uplift. δ 13 C values in travertine deposits range from 2‰ to 9‰ (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite), δ 18 O values range from 21‰ to 25‰ (Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water). Positive correlation between travertine δ 13 C and δ 18 O values indicate travertine formation is closely associated with various degrees of CO 2 degassing. 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values in travertine deposits range from 0.714 to 0.717 and ( 234 U/ 238 U) i values exhibit a remarkably wide range from 3.6 to 9.3, indicative of fluid‐rock interaction during deep crustal circulation in more radiogenic basement rocks. Reconstructed δ 13 C, δ 18 O, and ( 234 U/ 238 U) i values in the inferred deep fluid sources showed systematic variations with travertine formation ages, while 87 Sr/ 86 Sr values remain relatively constant. Based on dating of undeformed travertine deposits, which overlie tilted Santa Fe Group units, and high ( 234 U/ 238 U) i we infer that the Santa Fe fault has not produced a ground‐rupturing earthquake within the last 490 ± 52 to 592 ± 110 ka (2σ). Our study suggest that travertine formation is driven by fluid flow facilitated by tectonic and mantle structures.
Late-Holocene climatic variability indicated by three natural archives in arid southern Australia
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 23-12-2014
Abstract: Three terrestrial climate proxies are used to investigate the evolution of Holocene palaeoenvironments in southern central Australia, all of which present a coherent record of palaeohydrology. Single-grain optically stimulated luminescence from sediments supplemented by 14 C from charcoal and lacustrine shells was obtained to date shoreline deposits (Lake Callabonna) and the adjacent Mt Chambers Creek alluvial fan. Our findings are complemented by a U/Th-based record of speleothem growth in the Mt Chambers Creek catchment, which we interpret to reflect increased precipitation. Together, these archives shed light on the timing of, and possible sources of water for, Holocene pluvial intervals. We identified several phases of elevated lake levels dated at ~5.8–5.2, 4.5, 3.5–2.7 and 1 kyr, most of which correspond to fluvial activity resulting from increased precipitation in the adjacent ranges. The enhanced hydrology during phases of the late Holocene likely increased the reliability of resources for regional human populations during a time of reduced winter rainfall. When considered within the framework of the current understanding of Holocene palaeoclimate in central Australia, our data suggest that the pattern of landscape response was broadly synchronous with larger scale climatic variability and punctuated by pluvial periods greater than today.
Time scale and conditions of weathering under tropical climate: Study of the Amazon basin with U-series
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
Evaluating the removal of non-detrital matter from soils and sediment using uranium isotopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Controls on sediment residence times in an Alpine river catchment inferred from uranium isotopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Early presence of Homo sapiens by 86-68 kyrs in Southeast Asia at Tam Pà Ling cave, Northern Laos.
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 16-01-2023
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2410300/V1
Abstract: The timing of the first arrival of Homo sapiens in East Asia from Africa and the degree to which they interbred with or replaced local archaic populations is controversial. Previous discoveries from Tam Pà Ling cave (Laos) identified H. sapiens in Southeast Asia by 46 kyr. We report on a new frontal bone (TPL 6) and slightly older tibial fragment (TPL 7) discovered in the deepest layers of TPL. Bayesian modeling of luminescence dating of sediments and U-series and combined U-series-ESR dating of mammalian teeth reveals a depositional sequence spanning ~ 86 kyr. TPL 6 confirms the presence of H. sapiens by 70 ± 3 kyr, and TPL 7 extends this range to 77 ± 9 kyr, supporting an early dispersal of H. sapiens into Southeast Asia. Geometric morphometric analyses of TPL 6 suggest descent from a gracile immigrant population rather than evolution from or admixture with local archaic populations.
Temporal variations in U-series Disequilibria in an active Caldera, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 19-02-2009
Sample preparation for determination of comminution ages in lacustrine and marine sediments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Assessment of a sequential phase extraction procedure for uranium-series isotope analysis of soils and sediments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.APRADISO.2013.10.013
Abstract: The study of uranium-series (U-series) isotopes in soil and sediment materials has been proposed to quantify rates and timescales of soil production and sediment transport. Previous works have studied bulk soil or sediment material, which is a complex assemblage of primary and secondary minerals and organic compounds. However, the approach relies on the fractionation between U-series isotopes in primary minerals since they were liberated from the parent rock via weathering. In addition, secondary minerals and organic compounds have their own isotopic compositions such that the composition of the bulk material may not reflect that of primary minerals. Hence, there is a need for a s le preparation procedure that allows the isolation of primary minerals in soil or fluvial sediment s les. In this study, a sequential extraction procedure to separate primary minerals from soils and sediments was assessed. The procedure was applied to standard rock s le powders (TML-3 and BCR-2) to test whether it introduced any artefactual radioactive disequilibrium. A new step was introduced to remove the clay-sized fraction (<2 µm). Significant amounts (5-14%) of U and Th were removed from the rock standards during the procedure. No significant alteration in ((234)U/(238)U) and ((230)Th/(238)U) activity ratios of the rock standards occurred during the procedure. Aliquots of soil s le were subjected to the sequential extraction process to test how each step modifies the uranium-series activity ratios and mineralogy. Although no secondary minerals were detected in the unleached soil aliquots, the sequential leaching process removed up to 17% of U and Th and modified their activity ratios by up to 3%. The modification of the activity ratios poses a demand for careful means to avoid redistribution of isotopes back to the residual phase during phase extraction.
Age and weathering rate of sediments in small catchments: The role of hillslope erosion
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
Very long hillslope transport timescales determined from uranium-series isotopes in river sediments from a large, tectonically stable catchment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
An automated chromatography procedure optimized for analysis of stable Cu isotopes from biological materials
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6JA00120C
Abstract: An automated ion-exchange chromatography method is presented for the separation of copper from biological s les for stable, isotope analysis.
A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 19-02-2021
Abstract: Do terrestrial geomagnetic field reversals have an effect on Earth's climate? Cooper et al. created a precisely dated radiocarbon record around the time of the Lasch s geomagnetic reversal about 41,000 years ago from the rings of New Zealand sw kauri trees. This record reveals a substantial increase in the carbon-14 content of the atmosphere culminating during the period of weakening magnetic field strength preceding the polarity switch. The authors modeled the consequences of this event and concluded that the geomagnetic field minimum caused substantial changes in atmospheric ozone concentration that drove synchronous global climate and environmental shifts. Science , this issue p. 811
Using 10Be cosmogenic isotopes to estimate erosion rates and landscape changes during the Plio-Pleistocene in the Cradle of Humankind, South Africa
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHEVOL.2016.03.002
Abstract: Concentrations of cosmogenic (10)Be, measured in quartz from chert and river sediment around the Cradle of Humankind (CoH), are used to determine basin-averaged erosion rates and estimate incision rates for local river valleys. This study focusses on the catchment area that hosts Malapa cave with Australopithecus sediba, in order to compare regional versus localized erosion rates, and better constrain the timing of cave formation and fossil entrapment. Basin-averaged erosion rates for six sub-catchments draining the CoH show a narrow range (3.00 ± 0.28 to 4.15 ± 0.37 m/Mega-annum [Ma] ±1σ) regardless of catchment size or underlying geology e.g. the sub-catchment with Malapa Cave (3 km(2)) underlain by dolomite erodes at the same rate (3.30 ± 0.30 m/Ma) as the upper Skeerpoort River catchment (87 km(2)) underlain by shale, chert and conglomerate (3.23 ± 0.30 m/Ma). Likewise, the Skeerpoort River catchment (147 km(2)) draining the northern CoH erodes at a rate (3.00 ± 0.28 m/Ma) similar to the Bloubank-Crocodile River catchment (627 km(2)) that drains the southern CoH (at 3.62 ± 0.33 to 4.15 ± 0.37 m/Ma). Dolomite- and siliciclastic-dominated catchments erode at similar rates, consistent with physical weathering as the rate controlling process, and a relatively dry climate in more recent times. Erosion resistant chert dykes along the Grootvleispruit River below Malapa yield an incision rate of ∼8 m/Ma at steady-state erosion rates for chert of 0.86 ± 0.54 m/Ma. Results provide better palaeo-depth estimates for Malapa Cave of 7-16 m at the time of deposition of A. sediba. Low basin-averaged erosion rates and concave river profiles indicate that the landscape across the CoH is old, and eroding slowly i.e. the physical character of the landscape changed little in the last 3-4 Ma, and dolomite was exposed on surface probably well into the Miocene. The apparent absence of early Pliocene- or Miocene-aged cave deposits and fossils in the CoH suggests that caves only started forming from 4 Ma onwards. Therefore, whilst the landscape in the CoH is old, cavities are a relatively young phenomenon, thus controlling the maximum age of fossils that can potentially be preserved in caves in the CoH.
Local topography and erosion rate control regolith thickness along a ridgeline in the Sierra Nevada, California
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-06-2015
DOI: 10.1002/ESP.3754
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