ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3645-9847
Current Organisation
RMIT University
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Nanotechnology | Functional Materials | Atomic molecular and optical physics | Photonics and Electro-Optical Engineering (excl. Communications) | Microelectronics and Integrated Circuits | Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified | Distributed systems and algorithms | Nanoscale Characterisation | Nanofabrication growth and self assembly | Cyberphysical systems and internet of things | Astronomical instrumentation | Photonics optoelectronics and optical communications | Nonlinear optics and spectroscopy | Nanomanufacturing | Mechanical Engineering | Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) | Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications | Manufacturing robotics | Nanoelectromechanical Systems | Nanofabrication, Growth and Self Assembly | Distributed computing and systems software
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Integrated Circuits and Devices | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Integrated Systems |
Related Links
Publications
Broad-Spectrum Solvent-free Layered Black Phosphorus as a Rapid Action Antimicrobial
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-04-2021
Donor-Induced Performance Tuning of Amorphous SrTiO 3 Memristive Nanodevices: Multistate Resistive Switching and Mechanical Tunability
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-04-2015
Soft Plasmene Helical Nanostructures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-01-2023
Abstract: Plasmene is recently defined as 2D arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles, which could be fabricated by the bottom‐up self‐assembly approach and demonstrated a wide range of applications in sensing, energy harvesting, nanophotonics and encryption. Herein, this work further demonstrates a 3D helical plasmonic nanostructures that can be fabricated from 2D plasmene nanosheet. Inspired by chocolate curls‐making process, a micro‐spatula‐based strategy is developed to selectively scrape substrate‐supported plasmene to free space, which spontaneously folds the plasmene nanosheet into various complex helical nanostructures with controlled dimensions. 3D nanospirals can also be obtained by focus ion beam (FIB)‐based lithography on free‐standing plasmene. Helical plasmene structures are robust, exhibiting elastic mechanical properties and chiral optical response. This methodology represents a versatile fabrication route combining both bottom‐up and top‐down approaches to create soft plasmonic helical structures for potential applications in next‐generation flexible nanophotonic devices.
Enhanced charge carrier mobility in two-dimensional high dielectric molybdenum oxide
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-10-2013
Abstract: We demonstrate that the energy bandgap of layered, high-dielectric α-MoO(3) can be reduced to values viable for the fabrication of 2D electronic devices. This is achieved through embedding Coulomb charges within the high dielectric media, advantageously limiting charge scattering. As a result, devices with α-MoO(3) of ∼11 nm thickness and carrier mobilities larger than 1100 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) are obtained.
Reconfigurable hyperbolic polaritonics with correlated oxide metasurfaces
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-08-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-022-32287-Z
Abstract: Polaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonic-oxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO 3 ), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide, samarium nickel oxide, SmNiO 3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and infrared nanoimaging techniques, we demonstrate nanoscale reconfigurability of complex hyperbolic phonon polaritons patterned at the nanoscale with high resolution. Hydrogenation and temperature modulation allow spatially localized conductivity modulation of SNO nanoscale patterns, enabling robust real-time modulation and nanoscale reconfiguration of hyperbolic polaritons. Our work paves the way towards nanoscale programmable metasurface engineering for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications.
Dry electrode geometry optimization for wearable ECG devices
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0152554
Charge injection in vertically stacked multi-layer black phosphorus
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
ZnO based thermopower wave sources
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2CC33146B
Abstract: Exothermic chemical reactions of nitrocellulose are coupled onto thermoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) layers to generate self-propagating thermopower waves resulting in highly oscillatory voltage output of the order of 500 mV. The peak specific power obtained from ZnO based sources is approximately 0.5 kW kg(-1).
Acoustic-Excitonic Coupling for Dynamic Photoluminescence Manipulation of Quasi - 2D MoS 2 Nanoflakes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-03-2015
Layered Black Phosphorus Nanoflakes Reduce Bacterial Burden and Enhance Healing of Murine Infected Wounds
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-08-2023
Abstract: Current treatment modalities of cutaneous wound infections are largely ineffective, attributed to the increasing burden of antimicrobial resistance. S. aureus , a commonly wound‐associated pathogen continues to pose a clinical challenge, suggesting that new alternative therapeutic materials are urgently required to provide optimal treatment. A layered allotrope of phosphorus termed Black Phosphorus nanoflakes (BPNFs) has emerged as a potential alternative antibacterial material. However, wider deployment of this material requires extensive biological validation using the latest pre‐clinical models to understand its role in wound management. Here, the antibacterial potential of BPNFs against wound pathogens demonstrates over 99% killing efficiency at ambient conditions, while remaining non‐toxic to mammalian skin cells. In addition, in vivo validation of BPNFs using a preclinical model of S. aureus acute wound infection demonstrates that daily topical application significantly reduces infection (3‐log reduction) comparable to ciprofloxacin antibiotic control. Furthermore, the application of BPNFs also accelerates wound closure, increases wound re‐epithelization, and reduces tissue inflammation compared to controls, suggesting a potential role in alleviating the current challenges of infected cutaneous wounds. For the first time, this study demonstrates the potential role of BPNFs in ambient light conditions for clearing a clinically relevant wound infection with favorable wound healing properties.
Coupling of electronic transport and defect engineering substantially enhances the thermoelectric performance of p-type TiCoSb HH alloy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Hexagonal Ge Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on Self-Assisted GaAs Nanowires
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-11-2022
Wearable Label‐Free Optical Biodetectors: Progress and Perspectives
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-12-2020
High-k 2D Sb2O3 Made Using a Substrate-Independent and Low-Temperature Liquid-Metal-Based Process
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-10-2021
Oxygen-deficient strontium titanate based stretchable resistive memories
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Black phosphorus: Ambient degradation and strategies for protection
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 10-04-2018
Field effect biosensing platform based on 2D α-MoO3
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-11-2013
DOI: 10.1021/NN403241F
Abstract: Electrical-based biosensing platforms offer ease of fabrication and simple sensing solutions. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have been proven to be excellent for the fabrication of field effect transistors (FETs) due to their large transconductance, which can be efficiently used for developing sensitive bioplatforms. We present a 2D molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) FET based biosensing platform, using bovine serum albumin as a model protein. The conduction channel is a nanostructured film made of 2D α-MoO3 nanoflakes, with the majority of nanoflake thicknesses being equal to or less than 2.8 nm. The response time is impressively low (less than 10 s), which is due to the high permittivity of the 2D α-MoO3 nanoflakes. The system offers a competitive solution for future biosensing applications.
Soft Exfoliation of 2D SnO with size-dependent optical properties
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 08-06-2017
Atomically Thin Ga2 S3 from Skin of Liquid Metals for Electrical, Optical, and Sensing Applications
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-06-2019
Adaptive Convolutional Neural Networks for Enhanced Memory Retention and Restoration in Optoelectronic Vision Devices
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-04-2023
Abstract: Optoelectronic devices based on optically responsive materials have gained significant attention due to their low cross talk and reduced power consumption. These devices rely on light‐induced changes in conductance states, which are used to create synaptic weights for image recognition tasks in neural networks. However, a major drawback of such devices is the rapid decay of conductance states after light stimulus removal, which hinders their long‐term memory and performance without a continuous external stimulus in place. To address this issue, a platform neural network scheme is proposed to counter the natural decay of conductance in optoelectronic devices. The approach restores the memory effect of the devices and significantly enhances their performance by several orders of magnitude without using additional energy‐intensive techniques like training pulses or gate fields. Herein, the model is validated experimentally using optoelectronic devices fabricated with two different materials, BP and doped In 2 O 3 , and demonstrates the restoration of memory/image retention ability to any material system being studied for optoelectronic synapses and vision. This approach has important implications for the practical application of neuromorphic visual processing technologies, bringing them closer to real‐world applications.
Emerging applications of metal-oxide thin films for flexible and stretchable electronic devices
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-2023
DOI: 10.1063/5.0151297
Strain response of stretchable micro-electrodes: Controlling sensitivity with serpentine designs and encapsulation
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 13-01-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4862264
Solution-Processed VO2 Nanoparticle/Polymer Composite Films for Thermochromic Applications
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 20-07-2022
Antipathogenic properties and applications of low-dimensional materials
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-23278-7
Abstract: A major health concern of the 21 st century is the rise of multi-drug resistant pathogenic microbial species. Recent technological advancements have led to considerable opportunities for low-dimensional materials (LDMs) as potential next-generation antimicrobials. LDMs have demonstrated antimicrobial behaviour towards a variety of pathogenic bacterial and fungal cells, due to their unique physicochemical properties. This review provides a critical assessment of current LDMs that have exhibited antimicrobial behaviour and their mechanism of action. Future design considerations and constraints in deploying LDMs for antimicrobial applications are discussed. It is envisioned that this review will guide future design parameters for LDM-based antimicrobial applications.
Oscillatory Thermopower Waves Based on Bi2Te3 Films
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2011
Large-area synthesis of 2D MoO 3− x for enhanced optoelectronic applications
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 17-05-2019
Illuminating the biochemical interaction of antimicrobial few-layer black phosphorus with microbial cells using synchrotron macro-ATR-FTIR
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1TB02575A
Abstract: Black phosphorus (BP) nanoflakes have shown high antimicrobial activity. The interaction of microbial cells and black phosphorus nanoflakes was investigated using microscopic techniques and synchrotron source ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
Broadband light active MTCNQ-based metal–organic semiconducting hybrids for enhanced redox catalysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Two-dimensional MoO3 via a top-down chemical thinning route
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 06-07-2017
Transparent functional oxide stretchable electronics: micro-tectonics enabled high strain electrodes
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.1038/AM.2013.41
Two-Step Synthesis of Large-Area 2D Bi2S3 Nanosheets Featuring High In-Plane Anisotropy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-09-2020
Metal–Air Transistors: Semiconductor-Free Field-Emission Air-Channel Nanoelectronics
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 16-11-2018
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.8B02849
Abstract: Scattering-free transport in vacuum tubes has always been superior to solid-state transistors. It is the advanced fabrication with mass production capability at low cost which drove solid-state nanoelectronics. Here, we combine the best of vacuum tubes with advanced nanofabrication technology. We present nanoscale, metal-based, field emission air channel transistors. Comparative analysis of tungsten-, gold-, and platinum-based devices is presented. Devices are fabricated with electron beam lithography, achieving channel lengths less than 35 nm. With this small channel length, vacuum-like carrier transport is possible in air under room temperature and pressure. Source and drain electrodes have planar, symmetric, and sharp geometry. Because of this, devices operate in bidirection with voltages <2 V and current values in few tens of nano eres range. The experimental data shows that influential operation mechanism is Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling in tungsten and gold devices, while Schottky emission in platinum device. The presented work enables a technology where metal-based switchable nanoelectronics can be created on any dielectric surface with low energy requirements.
Electric field induced surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for multianalyte detection
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C4CP04912H
Abstract: This work demonstrates the ability to detect and isolate an analyte from a multianalyte mixture by SERS sensing.
Flexible metasurfaces and metamaterials: A review of materials and fabrication processes at micro- and nano-scales
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1063/1.4913751
2D/3D Hybrid of MoS2/GaN for a High-Performance Broadband Photodetector
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-05-2021
Degradation of black phosphorus is contingent on UV–blue light exposure
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-06-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41699-017-0023-5
Abstract: Layered black phosphorous has recently emerged as a promising candidate for next generation nanoelectronic devices. However, the rapid ambient degradation of mechanically exfoliated black phosphorous poses challenges in its practical implementation in scalable devices. As photo-oxidation has been identified as the main cause of degradation, to-date, the strategies employed to protect black phosphorous have relied upon preventing its exposure to atmospheric oxygen. These strategies inhibit access to the material limiting its use. An understanding of the effect of in idual wavelengths of the light spectrum can lead to alternatives that do not require the complete isolation of black phosphorous from ambient environment. Here, we determine the influence of discrete wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to infrared on the degradation of black phosphorous. It is shown that the ultraviolet component of the spectrum is primarily responsible for the deterioration of black phosphorous in ambient conditions. Based on these results, new insights into the degradation mechanism have been generated which will enable the handling and operating of black phosphorous in standard fabrication laboratory environments.
Gas sensors based on the oxide skin of liquid indium
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D2NR05926F
Abstract: Various non-stratified two-dimensional (2D) materials can be obtained from liquid metal surfaces that are not naturally accessible.
A Visible‐Blind Photodetector and Artificial Optoelectronic Synapse Using Liquid‐Metal Exfoliated ZnO Nanosheets
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-05-2021
Abstract: Atomically thin 2D materials are highly sought for high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. Despite being a widely recognized functional material for a plethora of applications, ultra‐thin nanosheets of zinc oxide (ZnO) at a millimeter‐scale for developing high‐performance electronic/optoelectronic devices have not been reported. This has prevented the exploration of electronic and optical properties of ZnO when it is only a few atoms thick. Here, a liquid metal exfoliation technique is used that takes advantage of the van der Waals forces between the interfacial oxide and the chosen substrate to obtain ZnO nanosheets with lateral dimensions in the millimeter scale and thickness down to 5 nm. Their suitability for applications is shown by demonstrating a visible‐blind photodetector with high figures of merit as compared to other ZnO morphologies. At extremely low operating bias of 50 mV and low optical intensity of 0.5 mW cm −2 , the ZnO photodetector demonstrates an external quantum efficiency (EQE), responsivity ( R ), and detectivity ( D *) of 4.3 × 10 3 %, 12.64 A W −1 , and 5.81 × 10 15 Jones at a wavelength of 365 nm. The trap‐mediated photoresponse in the ZnO nanosheets is further utilized to demonstrate optoelectronic synapses. Versatile synaptic functions of the nervous systems are optically emulated with the ultra‐thin ZnO nanosheets.
Stretchable and Tunable Microtectonic ZnO-Based Sensors and Photonics
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-06-2015
Abstract: The concept of realizing electronic applications on elastically stretchable "skins" that conform to irregularly shaped surfaces is revolutionizing fundamental research into mechanics and materials that can enable high performance stretchable devices. The ability to operate electronic devices under various mechanically stressed states can provide a set of unique functionalities that are beyond the capabilities of conventional rigid electronics. Here, a distinctive microtectonic effect enabled oxygen-deficient, nanopatterned zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on an elastomeric substrate are introduced to realize large area, stretchable, transparent, and ultraportable sensors. The unique surface structures are exploited to create stretchable gas and ultraviolet light sensors, where the functional oxide itself is stretchable, both of which outperform their rigid counterparts under room temperature conditions. Nanoscale ZnO features are embedded in an elastomeric matrix function as tunable diffraction gratings, capable of sensing displacements with nanometre accuracy. These devices and the microtectonic oxide thin film approach show promise in enabling functional, transparent, and wearable electronics.
Self-Driven UVC–NIR Broadband Photodetector with High-Temperature Reliability Based on a Coco Palm-Like MoS2/GaN Heterostructure
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-03-2023
Sb2Te3 and Bi2Te3 based thermopower wave sources
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE01370J
Wearable Label‐Free Optical Biodetectors: Progress and Perspectives
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-12-2020
Nanoscale electro-mechanical dynamics of nano-crystalline platinum thin films: An in situ electrical nanoindentation study
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 23-10-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4899194
Abstract: Here, we present a detailed methodology for the study of nano-electromechanical properties of thin films through in situ electrical nanoindentation. The nanomechanical properties of nano-crystalline platinum thin films have been accurately evaluated via nullifying multiple phenomena and artefacts that can introduce errors in interpreting nanoindentation experimental data. To gain quantified insights from in situ electrical measurements, an empirical equation is introduced to model the resistance imposed by the conductive probe at the nanoscale contact as a function indentation depth and load. Using the empirical model, nanoscale electrical properties of nano-crystalline platinum films are quantitatively evaluated. It is observed that the resistivity of the platinum increases subject to high contact pressure, which is also associated with substantial structural deformations around the nano-contact area.
Transition metal oxides - Thermoelectric properties
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
Solution-processable do-it-yourself switching devices (DIY devices) based on CuTCNQ metal-organic semiconductors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Fully Light‐Controlled Memory and Neuromorphic Computation in Layered Black Phosphorus
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-11-2020
Microstructure and dynamics of vacancy-induced nanofilamentary switching network in donor doped SrTiO3-x memristors
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 18-11-2016
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/50/505210
Abstract: Donor doping of perovskite oxides has emerged as an attractive technique to create high performance and low energy non-volatile analog memories. Here, we examine the origins of improved switching performance and stable multi-state resistive switching in Nb-doped oxygen-deficient amorphous SrTiO
Structural-Defect-Mediated Grafting of Alkylamine on Few-Layer MoS2 and Its Potential for Enhancement of Tribological Properties
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-06-2020
In Situ Nanostructural Analysis of Volatile Threshold Switching and Non‐Volatile Bipolar Resistive Switching in Mixed‐Phased a‐VOx Asymmetric Crossbars
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-08-2019
UV Photochromism in Transition Metal Oxides and Hybrid Materials
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-06-2021
Abstract: Limited levels of UV exposure can be beneficial to the human body. However, the UV radiation present in the atmosphere can be damaging if levels of exposure exceed safe limits which depend on the in idual the skin color. Hence, UV photochromic materials that respond to UV light by changing their color are powerful tools to sense radiation safety limits. Photochromic materials comprise either organic materials, inorganic transition metal oxides, or a hybrid combination of both. The photochromic behavior largely relies on charge transfer mechanisms and electronic band structures. These factors can be influenced by the structure and morphology, fabrication, composition, hybridization, and preparation of the photochromic materials, among others. Significant challenges are involved in realizing rapid photochromic change, which is repeatable, reversible with low fatigue, and behaving according to the desired application requirements. These challenges also relate to finding the right synergy between the photochromic materials used, the environment it is being used for, and the objectives that need to be achieved. In this review, the principles and applications of photochromic processes for transition metal oxides and hybrid materials, photocatalytic applications, and the outlook in the context of commercialized sensors in this field are presented.
Data related to the nanoscale structural and compositional evolution in resistance change memories
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Nonvolatile Resistive Switching in Layered InSe via Electrochemical Cation Diffusion
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-12-2022
Abstract: 2D materials are increasingly being investigated for their nonvolatile switching properties as a step toward downscaling of core electronic elements. Here, the interplay between electrochemically active silver (Ag) cations and layered indium selenide (InSe), a 2D metal monochalcogenide, is investigated to demonstrate a nonvolatile switching device. Detailed microscopic characterization supported with density functional theory calculations reveals cationic filamentary‐based nonvolatile switching mechanism of γ‐InSe in a crossplanar architecture. This is electrically driven by diffusion of Ag ions through the layered InSe stack. The InSe‐based memory cells exhibit a switching ratio of ≈10 3 and a memory retention of 5 s. This work opens new opportunities to enhance resistive switching performances of 2D materials for next‐generation information storage and brain inspired computation using active metal diffusion.
Sulfurization Engineering of One‐Step Low‐Temperature MoS2 and WS2 Thin Films for Memristor Device Applications
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-10-2021
Abstract: 2D materials have been of considerable interest as new materials for device applications. Non‐volatile resistive switching applications of MoS 2 and WS 2 have been previously demonstrated however, these applications are dramatically limited by high temperatures and extended times needed for the large‐area synthesis of 2D materials on crystalline substrates. The experimental results demonstrate a one‐step sulfurization method to synthesize MoS 2 and WS 2 at 550 ° C in 15 min on sapphire wafers. Furthermore, a large area transfer of the synthesized thin films to SiO 2 /Si substrates is achieved. Following this, MoS 2 and WS 2 memristors are fabricated that exhibit stable non‐volatile switching and a satisfactory large on/off current ratio (10 3 –10 5 ) with good uniformity. Tuning the sulfurization parameters (temperature and metal precursor thickness) is found to be a straightforward and effective strategy to improve the performance of the memristors. The demonstration of large‐scale MoS 2 and WS 2 memristors with a one‐step low‐temperature sulfurization method with simple strategy to tuning can lead to potential applications such as flexible memory and neuromorphic computing.
Black Phosphorus Nanoflakes Vertically Stacked on MoS2 Nanoflakes as Heterostructures for Photodetection
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 12-07-2021
Defining the role of humidity in the ambient degradation of few-layer black phosphorus
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 30-11-2017
Effects of plasma-treatment on the electrical and optoelectronic properties of layered black phosphorus
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-0044
Multiband spectral response inspired by ultra-high responsive thermally stable and self-powered Sb2Se3/GaN heterojunction based photodetector
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Line Scan Hyperspectral Imaging Framework for Open Source Low-Cost Platforms
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-05-2023
DOI: 10.3390/RS15112787
Abstract: With advancements in computer processing power and deep learning techniques, hyperspectral imaging is continually being explored for improved sensing applications in various fields. However, the high cost associated with such imaging platforms impedes their widespread use in spite of the availability of the needed processing power. In this paper, we develop a novel theoretical framework required for an open source ultra-low-cost hyperspectral imaging platform based on the line scan method suitable for remote sensing applications. Then, we demonstrate the design and fabrication of an open source platform using consumer-grade commercial off-the-shelf components that are both affordable and easily accessible to researchers and users. At the heart of the optical system is a consumer-grade spectroscope along with a basic galvanometer mirror that is widely used in laser scanning devices. The utilized pushbroom scanning method provides a very high spectral resolution of 2.8 nm, as tested against commercial spectral sensors. Since the resolution is limited by the slit width of the spectroscope, we also provide a deconvolution method for the line scan in order to improve the monochromatic spatial resolution. Finally, we provide a cost-effective testing method for the hyperspectral imaging platform where the results validate both the spectral and spatial performances of the platform.
Black Phosphorus—Diketopyrrolopyrrole Polymer Semiconductor Hybrid for Enhanced Charge Transfer and Photodetection
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-08-2021
Abstract: Black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as an exciting 2D material for optics, photonics, and electronics. However, there are few studies on BP in terms of modulation and enhancement of their electronic and optical properties and their concurrent reactivity and hence reduction after exposure to the ambient environment. To resolve such challenges, creating inorganic–organic hybrid materials is a suitable approach that offers significant opportunities to enhance the utility of BP by combining them with an organic material which has a complementary set of properties. Herein, a hybrid‐layered BP material coupled with a low bandgap donor–acceptor organic semiconducting polymer, selenophene‐flanked diketopyrrolopyrrole with thienyl‐vinylene‐thienyl (PDPPSe–TVT) is reported, to broaden the optical absorption and tune the ambipolar field effect transistor characteristics. A highly sensitive, nongated broadband photodetection capability of the hybrid device with a detection range from UV–vis to near‐IR (280–1050 nm) and responsivities of up to 4.22 × 10 3 A W −1 in ambient conditions. In addition to improved photodetection, simultaneous enhancement in both hole (71%) and electron (91%) mobilities is achieved while protecting the sensitive BP material from rapid environmental degradation. The findings therefore report a breakthrough in enhancing the utility of BP as a light‐active material for versatile photonics and electronics applications without operating in an inert environment.
Soft X-ray Detectors Based on SnS Nanosheets for the Water Window Region
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-10-2022
Abstract: The structural characteristics of biological specimens, such as wet proteins and fixed living cells, can be conveniently probed in their host aqueous media using soft X‐rays in the water window region (200–600 eV). Conventional X‐ray detectors in this area exhibit low spatial resolution, have limited sensitivity, and require complex fabrication procedures. Here, many of these limitations are overcome by introducing a direct soft X‐ray detector based on ultrathin tin mono‐sulfide (SnS) nanosheets. The distinguishing characteristic of SnS is its high photon absorption efficiency in the soft X‐ray region. This factor enables the fabricated soft X‐ray detectors to exhibit excellent sensitivity values on the order of at peak energies of ≈ 600 eV. The peak signal is found to be sensitive to the number of stacked SnS layers, with thicker SnS nanosheet assemblies yielding a peak response at higher energies and with peak sensitives of over 2.5 at 1 V. Detailed current–voltage and temporal characteristics of these detectors are also presented. These results showcase the excellent performance of SnS nanosheet‐based soft X‐ray detectors compared to existing direct soft X‐ray detectors, including that of the emerging organic–inorganic perovskite class of materials.
Self-powered, thermally stable Sb2Se3-based high-performance broadband photodetector
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2024
A Photonic Switch Based on a Hybrid Combination of Metallic Nanoholes and Phase-change Vanadium Dioxide
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-07-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-29476-6
Abstract: A photonic switch is an integral part of optical telecommunication systems. A plasmonic bandpass filter integrated with materials exhibiting phase transition can be used as a thermally reconfigurable optical switch. This paper presents the design and demonstration of a broadband photonic switch based on an aluminium nanohole array on quartz utilising the semiconductor-to-metal phase transition of vanadium dioxide. The fabricated switch shows an operating range over 650 nm around the optical communication C, L, and U band with maximum 20%, 23% and 26% transmission difference in switching in the C band, L band, and U band, respectively. The extinction ratio is around 5 dB in the entire operation range. This architecture is a precursor for developing micron-size photonic switches and ultra-compact modulators for thin film photonics.
Galvanic Replacement of Semiconducting CuTCNQF4 with Ag+ Ions to Enhance Electron Transfer Reaction
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-10-2017
Monocrystalline Antimonene Nanosheets via Physical Vapor Deposition
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-11-2020
Precise Phenotyping for Improved Crop Quality and Management in Protected Cropping: A Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/CROPS2040024
Abstract: Protected cropping produces more food per land area than field-grown crops. Protected cropping includes low-tech polytunnels utilizing protective coverings, medium-tech facilities with some environmental control, and high-tech facilities such as fully automated glasshouses and indoor vertical farms. High crop productivity and quality are maintained by using environmental control systems and advanced precision phenotyping sensor technologies that were first developed for broadacre agricultural and can now be utilized for protected-cropping applications. This paper reviews the state of the global protected-cropping industry and current precision phenotyping methodology and technology that is used or can be used to advance crop productivity and quality in a protected growth environment. This review assesses various sensor technologies that can monitor and maintain microclimate parameters, as well as be used to assess plant productivity and produce quality. The adoption of precision phenotyping technologies is required for sustaining future food security and enhancing nutritional quality.
Strain Modulation of Optoelectronic Properties in Nanolayered Black Phosphorus: Implications for Strain-Engineered 2D Material Systems
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-07-2022
Dual Selective Gas Sensing Characteristics of 2D α-MoO3–x via a Facile Transfer Process
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-10-2019
Abstract: Metal oxide-based gas sensor technology is promising due to their practical applications in toxic and hazardous gas detection. Orthorhombic α-MoO
2‐nm‐Thick Indium Oxide Featuring High Mobility
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-02-2023
Abstract: Thin film transistors (TFTs) are key components for the fabrication of electronic and optoelectronic devices, resulting in a push for the wider exploration of semiconducting materials and cost‐effective synthesis processes. In this report, a simple approach is proposed to achieve 2‐nm‐thick indium oxide nanosheets from liquid metal surfaces by employing a squeeze printing technique and thermal annealing at 250 °C in air. The resulting materials exhibit a high degree of transparency ( %) and an excellent electron mobility of ≈96 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , surpassing that of pristine printed 2D In 2 O 3 and many other reported 2D semiconductors. UV‐detectors based on annealed 2D In 2 O 3 also benefit from this process step, with the photoresponsivity reaching 5.2 × 10 4 and 9.4 × 10 3 A W −1 at the wavelengths of 285 and 365 nm, respectively. These values are an order of magnitude higher than for as‐synthesized 2D In 2 O 3 . Utilizing transmission electron microscopy with in situ annealing, it is demonstrated that the improvement in device performances is due to nanostructural changes within the oxide layers during annealing process. This work highlights a facile and ambient air compatible method for fabricating high‐quality semiconducting oxides, which will find application in emerging transparent electronics and optoelectronics.
Atomically Thin Gallium Nitride for High‐Performance Photodetection
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-05-2023
Abstract: Gallium nitride (GaN) technology has matured and commercialised for optoelectronic devices in the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum over the last few decades. Simultaneously, atomically thin materials with unique features have emerged as contenders for device miniaturization. However, the lack of successful techniques to produce ultra‐thin GaN prevents access to these new predicted properties. Here, this important gap is addressed by printing millimeter‐large ultra‐thin GaN nanosheets (NS) (≈1.4 nm) using a simple two‐step process that simultaneously introduces nitrogen point defects. This extends the photoelectrical spectral response from UV (280 nm) to near infrared (NIR) (1080 nm). The GaN‐based photodetectors display excellent figures of merit, having a responsivity (2.72 × 10 4 A W −1 ) up to four orders of magnitude higher than the commercial photodetectors at room temperature, despite being 10 2 –10 3 times thinner. The photodetectors exhibit fast switching, with rise and decay time in the range of microseconds. The state‐of‐the‐art device performance originates from the ultra‐thin nature of GaN NS coupled with nitrogen point vacancies in the synthesis process. This work presents the opportunity to significantly expand the reach of GaN semiconductor technology and may lead to applications in high‐performance miniaturized imaging systems, spectroscopy, communication, and integrated optoelectronic circuits.
Device Geometry Insights for Efficient Electrically Driven Insulator‐to‐Metal Transition in Vanadium Dioxide Thin‐Films
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-10-2021
Abstract: Vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) is a versatile phase change material that undergoes insulator‐to‐metal transition (IMT) triggered by multiple stimuli such as temperature, light, and electricity. Electrical stimuli offer greater degree of control over selected regions, with high density and addressability. However, there is limited understanding of parameters that govern electrically activated IMT, especially device structure and channel width. This work presents a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) structure to investigate three electrode arrangements: offset, no offset, and overlapping. It is experimentally determined that among the three electrode arrangements, the overlapping configuration of the device needs the least amount of voltage for switching, which is also supported by simulation results. In contrast, IMT in VO 2 is independent of extent of overlap between top and bottom electrodes and channel width. These findings are integral to designing and controlling the functional domains of VO 2 for energy‐efficient, addressable, and scalable micro/nanoscale devices and sensor applications.
Mixed Ionic‐Electronic Charge Transport in Layered Black‐Phosphorus for Low‐Power Memory
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2021
Abstract: Availability of computing will be strongly limited by global energy production in 1–2 decades. Computing consumes 4–5% of global electricity supply and continues to increase. This is underpinned by memory and switching devices encountering leakage as they are downscaled. Two‑dimensional (2D) materials offer a potential solution to the fundamental problem owing to carrier confinement which significantly reduces scattering events. Herein, a mixed ionic‑electronic transport is used in layered black phosphorus (BP) based vertically stacked resistance change memories. The memory device relies on a unique interplay between the oxygen and silver ion diffusion through the stack which is generated using a combination of bottom (electrochemically active silver) and top (indium tin oxide) electrodes. The use of a transparent top‐electrode enabled for the first time to conduct spectroscopic characterization of the device and experimentally reveal fundamental mechanisms. Endurance of the devices are observed to be 4 switching cycles, with ON/OFF current ratio of 7 and standby power consumption of fW, which effectively suppresses leakage current and sneak paths in a memory array. By undertaking detailed microscopic and spectroscopic investigations, supported by theoretical calculations, this work opens opportunities to enhance resistive switching performances of 2D materials for next‑generation information storage and brain‑inspired computation.
Reconfigurable Hyperbolic Polaritonics with Correlated Oxide Metasurfaces
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 19-10-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-947391/V1
Abstract: Polaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonic-oxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO 3 ), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide SmNiO 3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and infrared nanoimaging techniques, we demonstrate nanoscale real-time reconfigurability of complex hyperbolic phonon polaritons patterned at the nanoscale with unmatched resolution. Hydrogenation and temperature modulation allow spatially localized conductivity modulation of SNO nanoscale patterns, enabling robust real-time modulation and nanoscale reconfiguration of hyperbolic polaritons. Our work paves the way towards nanoscale programmable metasurface engineering as a new paradigm for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications facilitated by a hybrid material platform exploiting extreme light-matter interactions in polaritonic systems.
Elemental Analogues of Graphene: Silicene, Germanene, Stanene, and Phosphorene
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-11-2014
Abstract: The fascinating electronic and optoelectronic properties of free-standing graphene has led to the exploration of alternative two-dimensional materials that can be easily integrated with current generation of electronic technologies. In contrast to 2D oxide and dichalcogenides, elemental 2D analogues of graphene, which include monolayer silicon (silicene), are fast emerging as promising alternatives, with predictions of high degree of integration with existing technologies. This article reviews this emerging class of 2D elemental materials - silicene, germanene, stanene, and phosphorene--with emphasis on fundamental properties and synthesis techniques. The need for further investigations to establish controlled synthesis techniques and the viability of such elemental 2D materials is highlighted. Future prospects harnessing the ability to manipulate the electronic structure of these materials for nano- and opto-electronic applications are identified.
Ultrasensitive WSe2 field-effect transistor-based biosensor for label-free detection of cancer in point-of-care applications
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 20-07-2021
Differential work-function enabled bifunctional switching in strontium titanate flexible resistive memories
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-01-2020
Abstract: Multifunctional electronic memories capable of demonstrating both analog and digital switching on-demand are extremely attractive for miniaturization of electronics without significant drain on energy consumption. Simultaneously translating functionality onto mechanically conformable platforms will further enhance their suitability. Here, we demonstrate the ability to engineer multifunctionality in strontium titanate (STO)-based resistive random-access memories (ReRAM) on a flexible polyimide platform. By utilizing different bottom electrodes of various work functions while the top electrode is fixed, differential work functions are induced in STO, to induce bipolar or complementary switching behaviors whenever required. This work-function difference-induced bifunctional switching on the flexible platform reveals a streamlined route for achieving flexible artificial neural networks, high density integration, and logic operation using a single ReRAM.
Particle tracking simulation of an air channel transistor
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 11-2021
DOI: 10.1063/5.0064051
Abstract: Advances in nanofabrication techniques have underpinned the recent growing interest in vacuum channel transistors due to their ability to showcase ballistic transport and immunity to most radiations. However, the geometry of the electrodes plays an important role in the overall performance and efficiency of the device. Several studies on the geometry of the source electrode have been carried out because of its role in enhancement of the local electric field, which triggers electron tunneling, yet the geometry of the drain electrode has been neglected. Here, we propose a new planar vacuum channel transistor with gold electrodes. Our study shows that the unique geometrical design of the device leads to high collection efficiency. Furthermore, it reveals the importance of the geometry of the drain on device performance. Emission characteristics of the device and the effect of geometrical parameters such as channel length and source geometry on its performance have also been investigated.
Insulator-metal transition in substrate-independent VO2 thin film for phase-change devices
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-12-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-17937-3
Abstract: Vanadium has 11 oxide phases, with the binary VO 2 presenting stimuli-dependent phase transitions that manifest as switchable electronic and optical features. An elevated temperature induces an insulator–to–metal transition (IMT) as the crystal reorients from a monoclinic state (insulator) to a tetragonal arrangement (metallic). This transition is accompanied by a simultaneous change in optical properties making VO 2 a versatile optoelectronic material. However, its deployment in scalable devices suffers because of the requirement of specialised substrates to retain the functionality of the material. Sensitivity to oxygen concentration and larger-scale VO 2 synthesis have also been standing issues in VO 2 fabrication. Here, we address these major challenges in harnessing the functionality in VO 2 by demonstrating an approach that enables crystalline, switchable VO 2 on any substrate. Glass, silicon, and quartz are used as model platforms to show the effectiveness of the process. Temperature-dependent electrical and optical characterisation is used demonstrating three to four orders of magnitude in resistive switching, % chromic discrimination at infrared wavelengths, and terahertz property extraction. This capability will significantly broaden the horizon of applications that have been envisioned but remained unrealised due to the lack of ability to realise VO 2 on any substrate, thereby exploiting its untapped potential.
Surface Functionalization of WS2 Nanosheets with Alkyl Chains for Enhancement of Dispersion Stability and Tribological Properties
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-12-2021
Abstract: Tungsten disulfide (WS
2D SnO/In 2 O 3 van der Waals Heterostructure Photodetector Based on Printed Oxide Skin of Liquid Metals
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-02-2019
Alkali-Assisted Hydrothermal Exfoliation and Surfactant-Driven Functionalization of h-BN Nanosheets for Lubrication Enhancement
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-09-2021
Rapid and Selective Biomarker Detection with Conductometric Sensors
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-01-2021
Artificial Somatosensors: Feedback Receptors for Electronic Skins
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2020
Customized Two-Dimensional Nanostructured MoO3 Inks For Spectrally Selective UV Chromic Patches
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-12-2022
Current Transport and Band Alignment Study of MoS2/GaN and MoS2/AlGaN Heterointerfaces for Broadband Photodetection Application
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-02-2020
The Acoustophotoelectric Effect: Efficient Phonon–Photon–Electron Coupling in Zero-Voltage-Biased 2D SnS2 for Broad-Band Photodetection
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 27-09-2023
Operating Principle and Device Configuration Driven Mechanisms in Low‐Dimensional Materials for Neuromorphics
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-02-2023
Abstract: The alluring electronic, optoelectronic, and photonic properties of low‐dimensional materials have allowed brain‐inspired electronics to evolve in unprecedented ways. With highly efficient neuromorphic devices and architecture being concocted lately, an understanding of the underlying device mechanisms has emerged. The question of what types of materials and physical mechanisms will be used in future neuromorphic hardware is still open for debate. Herein, a critical review of the mechanisms among various configurations in state‐of‐the‐art low‐dimensional neuromorphic devices is presented. The factors are also reviewed that influence the working paradigm of low‐dimensional neuromorphic devices under different stimuli. Finally, a forward‐looking outlook on the challenges and perspectives in analyzing the mechanisms in this emerging research direction to drive next‐generation neuromorphic computing is provided.
Doped 2D SnS materials derived from liquid metal-solution for tunable optoelectronic devices
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2NR01135B
Abstract: Gas-liquid reaction phenomena on liquid-metal solvents can be used to form intriguing 2D materials with large lateral dimensions, where the free energies of formation determine the final product. A vast selection of elements can be incorporated into the liquid metal-based nanostructures, offering a versatile platform for fabricating novel optoelectronic devices. While conventional doping techniques of semiconductors present several challenges for 2D materials. Liquid metals provide a facile route for obtaining doped 2D semiconductors. In this work, we successfully demonstrate that the doping of 2D SnS can be realized in a glove box containing a diluted H
Optically Stimulated Artificial Synapse Based on Layered Black Phosphorus
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-04-2019
Abstract: The translation of biological synapses onto a hardware platform is an important step toward the realization of brain-inspired electronics. However, to mimic biological synapses, devices till-date continue to rely on the need for simultaneously altering the polarity of an applied electric field or the output of these devices is photonic instead of an electrical synapse. As the next big step toward practical realization of optogenetics inspired circuits that exhibit fidelity and flexibility of biological synapses, optically-stimulated synaptic devices without a need to apply polarity-altering electric field are needed. Utilizing a unique photoresponse in black phosphorus (BP), here reported is an all-optical pathway to emulate excitatory and inhibitory action potentials by exploiting oxidation-related defects. These optical synapses are capable of imitating key neural functions such as psychological learning and forgetting, spatiotemporally correlated dynamic logic and Hebbian spike-time dependent plasticity. These functionalities are also demonstrated on a flexible platform suitable for wearable electronics. Such low-power consuming devices are highly attractive for deployment in neuromorphic architectures. The manifestation of cognition and spatiotemporal processing solely through optical stimuli provides an incredibly simple and powerful platform to emulate sophisticated neural functionalities such as associative sensory data processing and decision making.
Nicotine Sensors for Wearable Battery-Free Monitoring of Vaping
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-12-2022
DOI: 10.1021/ACSSENSORS.1C01633
Abstract: Nicotine, an addictive substance in tobacco products and electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), is recognized for increasing the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. Careful real-time monitoring of nicotine exposure is critical in alleviating the potential health impacts of not just smokers but also those exposed to second-hand and third-hand smoke. Monitoring of nicotine requires suitable sensing material to detect nicotine selectively and testing under free-living conditions in the standard environment. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a vanadium dioxide (VO
Two-dimensional molybdenum trioxide and dichalcogenides
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-04-2013
Skin color-specific and spectrally-selective naked-eye dosimetry of UVA, B and C radiations
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-09-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-018-06273-3
Abstract: Spectrally–selective monitoring of ultraviolet radiations (UVR) is of paramount importance across erse fields, including effective monitoring of excessive solar exposure. Current UV sensors cannot differentiate between UVA, B, and C, each of which has a remarkably different impact on human health. Here we show spectrally selective colorimetric monitoring of UVR by developing a photoelectrochromic ink that consists of a multi-redox polyoxometalate and an e − donor. We combine this ink with simple components such as filter paper and transparency sheets to fabricate low-cost sensors that provide naked-eye monitoring of UVR, even at low doses typically encountered during solar exposure. Importantly, the erse UV tolerance of different skin colors demands personalized sensors. In this spirit, we demonstrate the customized design of robust real-time solar UV dosimeters to meet the specific need of different skin phototypes. These spectrally–selective UV sensors offer remarkable potential in managing the impact of UVR in our day-to-day life.
Repairing and Preventing Photooxidation of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus with β-Carotene
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-04-2023
Self-driven and thermally resilient highly responsive nano-fenced MoS2 based photodetector for near-infrared optical signal
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Light‐operated On‐chip Autonomous Vision Using Low‐dimensional Material Systems
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-02-2022
Abstract: Human‐brain inspired machine vision can revolutionise new technologies across sectors. Monolithic devices that are able to achieve image capture, processing, and storage with ultra‐low energy requirements can result in smart automation and enhance industrial output (both quality and quantity). This requires tapping into emerging novelties in materials physics, optical materials, and neuromorphic hardware. In this perspective, the author discusses the role of electrophotoactive low‐dimensional materials and how their unique intrinsic properties can be harnessed for futuristic machine vision systems in a major way. The author comments on some of the latest developments in 2D, 1D, and 0D material systems that have enabled smart devices and low‐energy neuromorphics. The perspective further critically assesses the challenges that the research community still needs to overcome and potential promising pathways to create miniaturized, highly efficient machine vision technologies that can transform healthcare, transport, and advanced manufacturing.
Helicity-selective Raman scattering from in-plane anisotropic α-MoO3
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-11-2021
DOI: 10.1063/5.0064464
Abstract: Hyperbolic crystals, such as α-MoO3, can support large wavevectors and photon density as compared to the commonly used dielectric crystals, which makes them a highly desirable platform for compact photonic devices. The extreme anisotropy of the dielectric constant in these crystals is intricately linked with the anisotropic character of the phonons, which along with photon confinement leads to the rich physics of phonon polaritons. However, the chiral nature of phonons in these hyperbolic crystals have not been studied in detail. In this study, we report our observations of helicity selective Raman scattering from flakes of α-MoO3. Both helicity-preserving and helicity-reversing Raman scattering are observed. Our studies reveal that helical selectivity is largely governed by the underlying crystal symmetry. This study shed light on the chiral character of the high symmetry phonons in these hyperbolic crystals. It paves the way for exploiting proposed schemes of coupling chiral phonon modes into propagating surface plasmon polaritons and realizing compact photonic circuits based on helical polarized light.
Solvent Dopant-Regulated Grain Formation for Bismuth Iodide Thin-Film Photodetectors
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-10-2023
Nanoscale Resistive Switching in Amorphous Perovskite Oxide ( a- SrTiO 3 ) Memristors
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-08-2014
Mechanically Tunable High Refractive-Index Contrast TiO2-PDMS Gratings
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-08-2015
Electrically Activated UV-A Filters Based on Electrochromic MoO3–x
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 23-03-2020
Low-temperature fabrication of alkali metal-organic charge transfer complexes on cotton textile for optoelectronics and gas sensing
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-07-2015
DOI: 10.1021/LA501446B
Abstract: A generalized low-temperature approach for fabricating high aspect ratio nanorod arrays of alkali metal-TCNQ (7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) charge transfer complexes at 140 °C is demonstrated. This facile approach overcomes the current limitation associated with fabrication of alkali metal-TCNQ complexes that are based on physical vapor deposition processes and typically require an excess of 800 °C. The compatibility of soft substrates with the proposed low-temperature route allows direct fabrication of NaTCNQ and LiTCNQ nanoarrays on in idual cotton threads interwoven within the 3D matrix of textiles. The applicability of these textile-supported TCNQ-based organic charge transfer complexes toward optoelectronics and gas sensing applications is established.
Encapsulation-Free Stabilization of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-07-2018
Abstract: Under ambient conditions and in H
Bisphenol A Detection Using Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Field‐Effect Transistor Functionalized with DNA Aptamers
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-03-2023
Abstract: Bisphenol A exposure, even at very low concentrations, is associated with an increased risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and some cancers. It is important to monitor BPA exposure level for human healthcare. Two‐dimensional materials‐based field‐effect transistors are promising for sensing applications due to their high sensitivity, label‐free detection, and reusability. Among 2D materials MoS 2 based semiconductor materials provides higher sensitivity compared to the lack of sensitive existing graphene materials due to bandgap. In this work, a microfluidic device based on MoS 2 field‐effect transistor is demonstrated that can be adapted to detect several biomolecules at very low concentrations. MoS 2 channel is functionalized by depositing gold nanoparticles and immobilizing single one (or double)‐stranded DNA. It is found that dsDNA functionalized devices exhibit higher sensitivity compared to ssDNA for all BPA concentrations due to p‐doing effect of dsDNA on MoS 2 semiconducting surface. Both ss and dsDNA functionalized MoS 2 FET devices are able to detect BPA concentration as low as 1 pg mL −1 , as observed by a 4.27% and 2.17% change in the current, respectively, and a response time of about ≈4 s. The demonstrated MoS 2 FET sensors are very promising to detect lower concentration biomolecules and DNA in biomedical applications.
Exfoliation Solvent Dependent Plasmon Resonances in Two-Dimensional Sub-Stoichiometric Molybdenum Oxide Nanoflakes
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 02-02-2016
Abstract: Few-layer two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum oxide nanoflakes are exfoliated using a grinding assisted liquid phase sonication exfoliation method. The sonication process is carried out in five different mixtures of water with both aprotic and protic solvents. We found that surface energy and solubility of mixtures play important roles in changing the thickness, lateral dimension, and synthetic yield of the nanoflakes. We demonstrate an increase in proton intercalation in 2D nanoflakes upon simulated solar light exposure. This results in substoichiometric flakes and a subsequent enhancement in free electron concentrations, producing plasmon resonances. Two plasmon resonance peaks associated with the thickness and the lateral dimension axes are observable in the s les, in which the plasmonic peak positions could be tuned by the choice of the solvent in exfoliating 2D molybdenum oxide. The extinction coefficients of the plasmonic absorption bands of 2D molybdenum oxide nanoflakes in all s les are found to be high (ε > 10(9) L mol(-1) cm(-1)). It is expected that the tunable plasmon resonances of 2D molybdenum oxide nanoflakes presented in this work can be used in future electronic, optical, and sensing devices.
Electron Emission Devices for Energy‐Efficient Systems
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2019
Artificial Somatosensors: Feedback Receptors for Electronic Skins
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2020
Ultrathin oxysulfide semiconductors from liquid metal: a wet chemical approach
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1TC01937F
Abstract: Liquid metal chemistry offers a new pathway towards the creation of functional 2D metal oxysulfides.
Inducing tunable switching behavior in a single memristor
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Nickel Molybdenum Phosphide Sheets for Efficient Seawater Splitting
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-02-2023
Abstract: Hydrogen is emerging as an alternative clean fuel however, its dependency on freshwater will be a threat to a sustainable environment. Seawater, an unlimited source, can be an alternative, but its salt‐rich nature causes corrosion and introduces several competing reactions, hindering its use. To overcome these, a unique catalyst composed of porous sheets of nitrogen‐doped NiMo 3 P (N‐NiMo 3 P) having a sheet size of several microns is designed. The presence of large homogenous pores in the basal plane of these sheets makes them catalytically more active and ensures faster mass transfer. The introduction of N and Ni into MoP significantly tunes the electronic density of Mo, surface chemistry, and metal‐non‐metal bond lengths, optimizing surface energies, creating new active sites, and increasing electrical conductivity. The presence of metal‐nitrogen bonds and surface polyanions increases the stability and improves anti‐corrosive properties against chlorine chemistry. Ultimately, the N‐NiMo 3 P sheets show remarkable performance as it only requires overpotentials of 23 and 35 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction, and it catalyzes full water splitting at 1.52 and 1.55 V to achieve 10 mA cm −2 in 1 m KOH and seawater, respectively. Hence, structural and compositional control can make catalysts effective in realizing low‐cost hydrogen directly from seawater.
Metal-Air Field Emission Devices - Nano Electrode Geometries Comparison of Performance and Stability.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-09-2022
Abstract: Air-channel devices have a special advantage due to the promise of vacuum-like ballistic transport in air, radiation insensitivity, and nanoscale size. Here, achieving high current at low voltage along with considerable mechanical stability is a primary issue. The comparative analysis of four planar and metallic electrode-pair geometries at 10 nm channel length is presented. The impact of nano-electrode-pair geometries on overall device performance is investigated. Air-channel devices are operated at the ultra-low voltage of 5 mV to demonstrate the device dynamics of air-channel devices at low power. Investigations focus on the direct tunneling (DT) mechanism which is dominant in the low-voltage regime. Comparative analysis of different electrode-pair geometries reveals two orders of magnitude increment in the current just by modulating the electrode-pair structure. Theoretical analysis suggests that the emission current is directly related to the active junction area within the metal-air-metal interface at the direct tunneling regime. The geometry-dependent mechanical stability of different electrode pairs is compared by imaging biasing triggered nanoscale structural changes and pulsed biasing stress analysis. The results and claims are confirmed and consolidated with the statistical analysis. Experimental investigations provide strong directions for high-performance and stable devices. In-depth theoretical discussions will enable the accurate modeling of emerging low-power, high-speed, radiation-hardened nanoscale vacuum electronics.
3D Visible‐Light‐Driven Plasmonic Oxide Frameworks Deviated from Liquid Metal Nanodroplets
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-09-2021
Abstract: Eutectic gallium‐indium (EGaIn) liquid metal droplets have been considered as a suitable platform for producing customized 3D composites with functional nanomaterials owing to their soft and highly reductive surface. Herein, the synthesis of a 3D plasmonic oxide framework (POF) is reported by incorporating the ultra‐thin angstrom‐scale‐porous hexagonal molybdenum oxide ( h ‐MoO 3 ) onto the spherical EGaIn nanodroplets through ultrasonication. Simultaneously, a large number of oxygen vacancies form in h ‐MoO 3 , boosting its free charge carrier concentration and therefore generating a broad surface plasmon resonance across the whole visible light spectrum. The plasmonic chemical sensing properties of the POF is investigated by the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering detection of rhodamine 6G (R6G) at 532 nm, in which the minimum detectable concentration is 10 −8 m and the enhancement factor reached up to 6.14 × 10 6 . The extended optical absorption of the POF also allowed the efficient degradation of the R6G dye under the excitation of ultraviolet‐filtered simulated solar light. Furthermore, the POF exhibits remarkable photocurrent responses towards the entire visible light region with the maximum response of ≈ 1588 A W −1 at 455 nm. This work demonstrates the great potential of the liquid metal‐based POFs for high‐performance sensing, catalytic, and optoelectronic devices.
Visible-Light-Triggered Reactive-Oxygen-Species-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of Peroxidase-Mimic CuO Nanorods
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-03-2018
Transparent amorphous strontium titanate resistive memories with transient photo-response
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7NR04372D
Abstract: Highly transparent SrTiO 3 resistive memories with transient response to optical excitations are demonstrated and the evolution of oxygen vacancies with the location of a conductive filament is optically mapped.
MnO2 -based thermopower wave sources with exceptionally large output voltages
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 25-04-2013
DOI: 10.1021/JP401731B
Reversible resistive switching behaviour in CVD grown, large area MoO: X
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8NR04407D
Abstract: Reversible resistive switching behaviour is observed in MoO x memory devices, at relatively low set/reset voltages, with switching ratios exceeding 10 3 .
Multifunctional Optoelectronics via Harnessing Defects in Layered Black Phosphorus
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-07-2019
Rapid Conductometric Detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 Proteins and Its Variants Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-12-2023
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) biosensors have captured more attention than the conventional methodologies for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection due to having cost‐effective platforms and fast detection. However, these reported SARS‐CoV‐2 biosensors suffer from drawbacks including issues in detection sensitivity, degradation of biomaterials on the sensor's surface, and incapability to reuse the biosensors. To overcome these shortcomings, molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) incorporated conductometric biosensor for highly accurate, rapid, and selective detection of two model SARS‐CoV‐2 proteins: (i) receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike ( S ) glycoprotein and (ii) full length trimeric spike protein are introduced. In addition, these biosensors successfully responded to several other SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD spike protein variants including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. Our conductometric biosensor selectively detects the two model proteins and SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD spike protein variant s les in real‐time with sensitivity to a detection limit of 7 pg mL –1 within 10 min of s le incubation. A battery‐free, wireless near‐field communication (NFC) interface is incorporated with the biosensor for fast and contactless detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. The smartphone enabled real‐time detection and on‐screen rapid result for SARS‐CoV‐2 variants can curve the outbreak due to its ability to alert the user to infection in real time.
An Ultrasensitive Silicon Photonic Ion Sensor Enabled by 2D Plasmonic Molybdenum Oxide
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-01-2019
Abstract: Silicon photonics has demonstrated great potential in ultrasensitive biochemical sensing. However, it is challenging for such sensors to detect small ions which are also of great importance in many biochemical processes. A silicon photonic ion sensor enabled by an ionic dopant-driven plasmonic material is introduced here. The sensor consists of a microring resonator (MRR) coupled with a 2D restacked layer of near-infrared plasmonic molybdenum oxide. When the 2D plasmonic layer interacts with ions from the environment, a strong change in the refractive index results in a shift in the MRR resonance wavelength and simultaneously the alteration of plasmonic absorption leads to the modulation of MRR transmission power, hence generating dual sensing outputs which is unique to other optical ion sensors. Proof-of-concept via a pH sensing model is demonstrated, showing up to 7 orders improvement in sensitivity per unit area across the range from 1 to 13 compared to those of other optical pH sensors. This platform offers the unique potential for ultrasensitive and robust measurement of changes in ionic environment, generating new modalities for on-chip chemical sensors in the micro/nanoscale.
Ordered-vacancy-enabled indium sulphide printed in wafer-scale with enhanced electron mobility
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9MH01365B
Abstract: The unique and long-range ordered-vacancy structure in wafer-scale grown single-unit-cell-thick In 2 S 3 facilitates excellent electronic performance.
Time and rate dependent synaptic learning in neuro-mimicking resistive memories
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-10-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-51700-0
Abstract: Memristors have demonstrated immense potential as building blocks in future adaptive neuromorphic architectures. Recently, there has been focus on emulating specific synaptic functions of the mammalian nervous system by either tailoring the functional oxides or engineering the external programming hardware. However, high device-to-device variability in memristors induced by the electroforming process and complicated programming hardware are among the key challenges that hinder achieving biomimetic neuromorphic networks. Here, a simple hybrid complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-memristor approach is reported to implement different synaptic learning rules by utilizing a CMOS-compatible memristor based on oxygen-deficient SrTiO 3 -x (STO x ). The potential of such hybrid CMOS-memristor approach is demonstrated by successfully imitating time-dependent (pair and triplet spike-time-dependent-plasticity) and rate-dependent (Bienenstosk-Cooper-Munro) synaptic learning rules. Experimental results are benchmarked against in-vitro measurements from hippoc al and visual cortices with good agreement. The scalability of synaptic devices and their programming through a CMOS drive circuitry elaborates the potential of such an approach in realizing adaptive neuromorphic computation and networks.
Generating strong room-temperature photoluminescence in black phosphorus using organic molecules
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 30-10-2019
Liquid metal-based synthesis of high performance monolayer SnS piezoelectric nanogenerators
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-17296-0
Abstract: The predicted strong piezoelectricity for monolayers of group IV monochalcogenides, together with their inherent flexibility, makes them likely candidates for developing flexible nanogenerators. Within this group, SnS is a potential choice for such nanogenerators due to its favourable semiconducting properties. To date, access to large-area and highly crystalline monolayer SnS has been challenging due to the presence of strong inter-layer interactions by the lone-pair electrons of S. Here we report single crystal across-the-plane and large-area monolayer SnS synthesis using a liquid metal-based technique. The characterisations confirm the formation of atomically thin SnS with a remarkable carrier mobility of ~35 cm 2 V −1 s −1 and piezoelectric coefficient of ~26 pm V −1 . Piezoelectric nanogenerators fabricated using the SnS monolayers demonstrate a peak output voltage of ~150 mV at 0.7% strain. The stable and flexible monolayer SnS can be implemented into a variety of systems for efficient energy harvesting.
Liquid-Metal Synthesized Ultrathin SnS Layers for High-Performance Broadband Photodetectors
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-09-2020
Ambient Protection of Few-Layer Black Phosphorus via Sequestration of Reactive Oxygen Species
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-05-2017
Abstract: Few-layer black phosphorous (BP) has emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation nanophotonic and nanoelectronic devices. However, rapid ambient degradation of mechanically exfoliated BP poses challenges in its practical deployment in scalable devices. To date, the strategies employed to protect BP have relied upon preventing its exposure to atmospheric conditions. Here, an approach that allows this sensitive material to remain stable without requiring its isolation from the ambient environment is reported. The method draws inspiration from the unique ability of biological systems to avoid photo-oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species. Since BP undergoes similar photo-oxidative degradation, imidazolium-based ionic liquids are employed as quenchers of these damaging species on the BP surface. This chemical sequestration strategy allows BP to remain stable for over 13 weeks, while retaining its key electronic characteristics. This study opens opportunities to practically implement BP and other environmentally sensitive 2D materials for electronic applications.
Influence of Temperature on Photodetection Properties of Honeycomb‐like GaN Nanostructures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-06-2021
Abstract: Broadband photodetectors operable under harsh temperature conditions are crucial optoelectronic components to support ongoing and futuristic technological advancement. Conventional photodetectors are limited to room temperature operation due to the thermal instability of semiconductors under harsh conditions and incapable of covering the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum due to narrow bandgap properties. Gallium nitride (GaN) is a wide bandgap and thermally stable semiconductor, ideal for addressing the abovementioned limitations. Here, epitaxial honeycomb nanostructured GaN film is grown via a plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy system and deployed for stable broadband photodetectors, which can be operated from −75 to 250 °C. Further, spectral response is investigated for a broad spectrum from UV (280 nm) to near‐infrared (850 nm) region. It displays a peak responsivity at 365 nm associated to the bandgap energy of GaN. Fabricated photodetectors with honeycomb‐like nanostructures drive peak responsivity and external quantum efficiency of 2.41 × 10 6 AW −1 and 8.18 × 10 8 %, respectively, when illuminated at a power density of 1 mWcm −2 and 365 nm wavelength source under 1 V bias. Temperature‐correlated spectral response presents a quenching of responsivity at higher temperatures in visible spectrum associated with the thermal quenching of defect states. The thermally stable and efficient broadband photodetector based on honeycomb‐like nanostructured GaN is promising for the combustion industry, arctic science, and space explorations.
Augmented band gap tunability in indium-doped zinc sulfide nanocrystals
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C8NR08830F
Abstract: Indium doping in ZnS nanocrystals heavily affects the band gap beyond quantum confinement effect with unprecedented tunability in the UVA/UVB range.
High Gain Solution‐Processed Carbon‐Free BiSI Chalcohalide Thin Film Photodetectors
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-09-2021
Abstract: Chalcohalide semiconductors are an emergent class of materials for optoelectronics. Here, the first work on BiSI chalcohalide thin film photodetectors (PDs) is presented. An entirely new method for the fabrication of bismuth chalcohalide thin films (BiOI and BiSI) is developed. This method circumvents the use of any ligands or counter ions during fabrication and provides highly pure thin films free of carbon residues and other contaminants. When integrated into lithographically patterned lateral PDs these BiSI thin films show outstanding performances and high stability. The direct ≈1.55 eV bandgap of BiSI perfectly accommodates optical sensing over the full visible spectrum. The responsivity ( R ) of the BiSI PDs reaches 62.1 A W −1 , which is the best value reported to date across chalcohalide materials of any type. The BiSI PDs display remarkable sensitivity to low light levels, supporting a broad operational detectivity ≈10 12 Jones over four decades in light intensity, with a peak specific detectivity (D*) of 2.01 × 10 13 Jones. The dynamics of photocurrent generation are demonstrated to be dominated by photoconductive gain. These results cement BiSI as an exciting candidate for high performance photodetector applications and encourage ongoing work in BiSX (X = Cl, Br, I) materials for optoelectronics.
Atomically Thin Synaptic Devices for Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Vision
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-01-2023
Abstract: Imaging sensors with inbuilt processing capability are expected to form the backbone of low‐latency and highly energy efficient artificial vision systems. A range of emerging atomically thin materials provide opportunities to exploit their electrical and optical properties for human vision and brain inspired functions. This work reports atomically thin nanosheets of β‐In 2 S 3 which exhibit inherent persistent photoconductivity (PPC) under ultraviolet and visible wavelengths. This PPC effect enables β‐In 2 S 3 ‐based optoelectronic devices to optically mimic the dynamics of biological synapses. Based on the material characterizations, the PPC effect is attributed to the intrinsic defects in the synthesized β‐In 2 S 3 nanosheet. Furthermore, the feasibility of adopting these atomically thin synaptic devices for optoelectronic neuromorphic hardware is demonstrated by implementing a convolutional neural network for image classification. As such, the demonstrated atomically thin nanosheets and optoelectronic synaptic devices provide a platform for scaling up complex vision‐sensory neural networks, which can find many promising applications for multispectral imaging and neuromorphic computation.
3-D nanorod arrays of metal-organic KTCNQ semiconductor on textiles for flexible organic electronics
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA43291B
Phase change vanadium dioxide light sensors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Visible-Blind UV Imaging with Oxygen-Deficient Zinc Oxide Flexible Devices
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-10-2015
Exciton-Driven Chemical Sensors Based on Excitation-Dependent Photoluminescent Two-Dimensional SnS
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-10-2019
Abstract: Excitation wavelength-dependent photoluminescence (PL) in two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal chalcogenides enables a strong excitonic interaction for high-performance chemical and biological sensing applications. In this work, we explore the possible candidates in the domain of post-transition-metal chalcogenides. Few-layered 2D p-type tin monosulfide (SnS) nanoflakes with submicrometer lateral dimensions are synthesized from the liquid phase exfoliation of bulk crystals. Excitation wavelength-dependent PL is found, and the excitonic radiative lifetime is more than one order enhanced compared to that of the bulk counterpart because of the quantum confinement effect. Paramagnetic NO
Vanadium Dioxide-Based Miniaturized Thermal Sensors: Humidity Effects on Phase Change and Sensitivity
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-11-2022
Long Duration Persistent Photocurrent in 3 nm Thin Doped Indium Oxide for Integrated Light Sensing and In‐Sensor Neuromorphic Computation
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-06-2023
Abstract: Miniaturization and energy consumption by computational systems remain major challenges to address. Optoelectronics based synaptic and light sensing provide an exciting platform for neuromorphic processing and vision applications offering several advantages. It is highly desirable to achieve single‐element image sensors that allow reception of information and execution of in‐memory computing processes while maintaining memory for much longer durations without the need for frequent electrical or optical rehearsals. In this work, ultra‐thin ( nm) doped indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ) layers are engineered to demonstrate a monolithic two‐terminal ultraviolet (UV) sensing and processing system with long optical state retention operating at 50 mV. This endows features of several conductance states within the persistent photocurrent window that are harnessed to show learning capabilities and significantly reduce the number of rehearsals. The atomically thin sheets are implemented as a focal plane array (FPA) for UV spectrum based proof‐of‐concept vision system capable of pattern recognition and memorization required for imaging and detection applications. This integrated light sensing and memory system is deployed to illustrate capabilities for real‐time, in‐sensor memorization, and recognition tasks. This study provides an important template to engineer miniaturized and low operating voltage neuromorphic platforms across the light spectrum based on application demand.
Role of Water in the Dynamic Crystallization of CuTCNQ for Enhanced Redox Catalysis (TCNQ = Tetracyanoquinodimethane)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-07-2017
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