ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5014-7444
Current Organisation
Curtin University
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Civil Engineering | Construction Materials
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-05-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-10-2015
DOI: 10.3390/MA8105347
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMR.651.168
Abstract: Geopolymer is a binder that can act as an alternative of Portland cement. Geopolymers use by-product substances such as fly ash, and can help reduce carbon dioxide emission of concrete production. This paper presents the results of a study on the fly ash based geopolymer concrete suitable for curing at ambient temperature. To activate the fly ash, a combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solutions was used. The setting and hardening of geopolymer concrete were obtained by blending blast furnace slag with fly ash instead of using heat curing. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) was used at the rate of 10% or 20 % of the total binder. The tests conducted include compressive strength, tensile strength, flexure strength, sorptivity and volume of permeable voids (VPV) test. The geopolymer concrete compressive strength at 28 days varied from 27 to 47 MPa. Results indicated that the strength increased and water absorption decreased with the increase of the slag content in the geopolymer concrete. In general, blending of slag with fly ash in geopolymer concrete improved strength and permeation properties when cured in ambient temperature.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Koya University
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.14500/ARO.10748
Abstract: This paper investigates the influence of sand content on the mechanical behavior of a low plasticity clay that collected from south of Iraq (Sumer town). S les have been prepared with sand contents of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of the clay weight. Standard Proctor and unconfined compression tests have been carried out and the optimum moisture content, maximum dry density, and undrained shear strength have been determined. The results show a gradual increasing trend of the maximum dry density with the increase of the sand content up to 30%. The highest dry density reaches 1.90 g/cm3 corresponding to an optimum moisture content of 12%. In addition, this paper shows that the undrained shear strength is inversely proportional to the increase of the percentage of sand. The results of this work provide a useful addition to the literature regarding the behaviour or low plasticity clay-sand mixture.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-09-2013
Publisher: American Concrete Institute
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.14359/51718051
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-09-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1186/S40069-019-0375-7
Abstract: This work quantified the hierarchy of the influence of three common mixture design parameters on the compressive strength and the rate of strength increase over the long term of low-calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete (FAGC) through designing 16 mixtures by the orthogonal experimental design (OED) method. The parameters used in the study were liquid to fly ash (L/FA) ratio, sodium hydroxide concentration (SHC) and sodium silicate solution to sodium hydroxide solution (SS/SH) ratio. The L/FA ratio showed little effect on compressive strength when it was varied from 0.40 to 0.52. SHC showed the greatest influence on compressive strength with little impact on the rate of strength increase after the initial heat curing. Even though the SS/SH ratio showed a small effect on the initial compressive strength, it had a considerable influence on the rate of strength increase over the long term. It was found that the compressive strength at 480 days was positively related to the Na 2 O/SiO 2 molar ratio when it was varied from 0.49 to 0.80 and the Si/Al molar ratio was increased up to 1.87. Analysis of the failure types of specimens demonstrated that compressive strength of FAGC was associated with the strength of the mortar–aggregate interface zone (MAIZ).
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-10-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-08-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-01-2019
Abstract: The environmental performance assessment of the building and construction sector has been in discussion due to the increasing demand of facilities and its impact on the environment. The life cycle studies carried out over the last decade have mostly used an approximate life span of a building without considering the building component replacement requirements and their service life. This limitation results in unreliable outcomes and a huge volume of materials going to landfill. This study was performed to develop a relationship between the service life of a building and building components, and their impact on environmental performance. Twelve building combinations were modelled by considering two types of roof frames, two types of wall and three types of footings. A reference building of a 50-year service life was used in comparisons. Firstly, the service life of the building and building components and the replacement intervals of building components during active service life were estimated. The environmental life cycle assessment (ELCA) was carried out for all the buildings and results are presented on a yearly basis in order to study the impact of service life. The region-specific impact categories of cumulative energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption and land use are used to assess the environmental performance of buildings. The analysis shows that the environmental performance of buildings is affected by the service life of a building and the replacement intervals of building components.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-11-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-08-2021
DOI: 10.3390/MA14164447
Abstract: The effects of mono (single type) and hybrid (mixed types) fibres on the workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, and toughness parameters of fly ash geopolymer mortar were studied. The ratio of sand to geopolymer paste of the mortar was 2.75. It was found that workability of mortar decreased more with the use of PP fibres due to its higher dispersion into in idual filaments in geopolymer mortar compared to the bundled ARG and PVA fibres. Compressive strength increased by 14% for using 1% steel with 0.5% PP fibres compared to that of the control mixture, which was 48 MPa. However, 25 to 30% decrease of compressive strength was observed in the mortars using the low-modulus fibres. Generally, flexural strength followed the trend of compressive strength. Deflection hardening behaviours in terms of the ASTM C1609 toughness indices, namely I5, I10 and I20 were exhibited by the mortars using 1% steel mono fibres, 0.5% ARG with 0.5% steel and 1% PVA with 0.5% steel hybrid fibres. The toughness indices and residual strength factors of the mortars using the other mono or hybrid fibres at 1 or 1.5% dosage were relatively low. Therefore, multiple cracking and deflection hardening behaviours could be achieved in fly ash geopolymer mortars of high sand to binder ratio by using steel fibres in mono or hybrid forms with ARG and PVA fibres.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
Date: 27-10-2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AST.69.143
Abstract: Geopolymer is an inorganic alumino-silicate product that shows good bonding properties. Geopolymer binders are used together with aggregates to produce geopolymer concrete which is an ideal building material for infrastructures. A by-product material such as fly ash is mixed together with an alkali to produce geopolymer. Current research on geopolymer concrete has shown potential of the material for construction of reinforced concrete structures. Structural performance of reinforced concrete depends on the bond between concrete and the reinforcing steel. Design provisions of reinforced concrete as a composite material are based on the bond strength between concrete and steel. Since geopolymer binder is chemically different from Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) binder, it is necessary to understand the bond strength between geopolymer concrete and steel reinforcement for its application to reinforced concrete structures. Pull out test is commonly used to evaluate the bond strength between concrete and reinforcing steel. This paper describes the results of the pull out tests carried out to investigate the bond strength between fly ash based geopolymer concrete and steel reinforcing bars. Beam end specimens in accordance with the ASTM Standard A944 were used for the tests. In the experimental program, 24 geopolymer concrete and 24 OPC concrete specimens were tested for pull out. The concrete compressive strength varied from 25 to 55 MPa. The other test parameters were concrete cover and bar diameter. The reinforcing steel was 500 MPa steel deformed bars of 20 mm and 24 mm diameter. The concrete cover to bar diameter ratio varied from 1.71 to 3.62. It was found from the test results that the failure occurred by splitting of concrete in the region bonded with the steel bar, in both geopolymer and OPC concrete specimens. Comparison of the test results shows that geopolymer concrete has higher bond strength than OPC concrete. This suggests that the existing design equations for bond strength of OPC concrete with steel reinforcing bars can be conservatively used for calculation of bond strength of geopolymer concrete.
Publisher: Thomas Telford Ltd.
Date: 06-2023
Abstract: This study examined the efficacy of waste glass cullet (WGC) as a substitute for natural fine aggregate in alkali-activated composites when exposed to sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid solutions for 1 year. The physical appearance, surface alkalinity, mass, mechanical strength and microstructure of hardened s les before and after immersion in acid solutions were investigated. The findings this work indicated that physical, mechanical and microstructural damage of the specimens due to acid attack increased with an increase in the percentage of WGC. This was attributed to the smooth surface texture and angularity of the WGC, which affected the bond with the damaged paste matrix at the interfacial transition zone and increased the porosity. However, the acid resistance of the mortars containing up to 50% WGC was found to be satisfactory when compared with the mortar without WGC. Therefore, the use of WGC as a partial replacement (up to 50%) for natural sand is feasible for alkali-activated systems under acid exposure.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-08-2009
Publisher: Research Publishing Services
Date: 2013
Publisher: Research Publishing Services
Date: 2013
Publisher: Avestia Publishing
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.11159/ICGRE17.141
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-08-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.3390/BUILDINGS11030093
Abstract: Pavements occupy about 40% of urban land cover, with 75–80% black top roads, playing a critical role in urban connectivity and mobility. Solar energy is absorbed and stored in pavements leading to an increase in surface temperatures. Decreasing green cover is further contributing to rise in regional temperatures. Due to this activity, the city experiences urban heat island (UHI). This study presents a critical review of the literature on mitigation measures to combat UHI using reflective pavements with an emphasis on durability properties and impacts of tree canopy. The strategies with a focus on application of chip seals, white toppings, and coatings were discussed. Role of surface reflectance, including those from asphalt and concrete pavements, albedo improvements, and technological trends, application of waste materials, and industrial by-products are presented. Also, urban tree shading systems’ contribution to pavement temperature and microclimate systems is presented. The review shows that the development of mitigation measures using tree shading systems can reduce the pavement temperature during daytime and increase human thermal comfort. The outcomes of this review provide a scope for future studies to develop sustainable and state-of-the-art engineering solutions in the field of reflective coatings and urban forest systems.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/AMM.368-370.1061
Abstract: This paper evaluates the effect of Ultrafine Fly Ash (UFFA) and nanoSilica (NS) on compressive strength of high volume fly ash (HVFA) mortar at 7 days and 28 days. Three series of mortar mixes are considered in the first part of this study. In the first series the effect of high content of class F fly ash as partial replacement of cement at 40, 50 and 60% (by wt.) are considered. While in the second and third series, the UFFA and NS are used as partial replacement of cement at 5%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 15% and 1%, 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% (by wt.) of cement, respectively. The UFFA and the NS content which exhibited highest compressive strength in the above series are used in the second part where their effects on the compressive strength of HVFA mortars are evaluated. Results show that the mortar containing 10% UFFA as partial replacement of cement exhibited the highest compressive strength at both 7 and 28 days among all UFFA contents. Similarly, the mortar containing 2% NS as partial replacement of cement exhibited the best performance. Interestingly, the use of UFFA in HVFA mortars did not improve the compressive strength. However, the use of 2% and 4% NS showed improvement in the compressive strength of HVFA mortar containing 40% and 50% fly ash at both ages. The effects of NS and UFFA on the hydration and strength development of HVFA mortar is also evaluated through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test. Results also show that the UFFA and NS can significantly reduce the calcium hydroxide (CH) in HVFA mortars.
Publisher: Thomas Telford Ltd.
Date: 09-2017
Abstract: The production process of ferronickel generates an enormous amount of slag (FNS) as a by-product, which has potential for use as a fine aggregate in concrete. However, information regarding the durability of FNS aggregate concrete is very limited in the literature. This study evaluates the durability characteristics of concrete using FNS as up to 100% replacement of natural sand and fly ash as 30% replacement of cement. The volume of permeable voids (VPV) of concrete was found to increase with the increase of FNS aggregate. As a result, sorptivity and chloride permeability showed increasing trends with the increase of FNS aggregate. However, the pozzolanic reaction of fly ash reduced the porosity of the concrete, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The specimens with FNS aggregate and fly ash were classified as ‘excellent’ in terms of VPV, ‘low’ in terms of chloride permeability and ‘good’ in terms of sorptivity. The use of fly ash also reduced the strength losses of FNS aggregate concrete subjected to alternate wet–dry cycles. Overall, a durability equivalent to that of conventional concrete could be achieved when FNS was used as a partial replacement of sand together with fly ash as a partial replacement of cement.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Research Publishing Services
Date: 2013
Publisher: Thomas Telford Ltd.
Date: 12-2020
Abstract: Alkali–silica reactivity of granulated ferronickel slag (FNS) aggregate was evaluated by accelerated mortar bar tests. The test results showed noticeable expansions of the s les containing 50% FNS aggregate due to potential alkali–silica reaction (ASR). On the other hand, finely ground FNS (GFNS) exhibited pozzolanic property in the studies of compressive strength development, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Therefore, GFNS was used as a partial replacement of cement to study its effect on the reduction of ASR. It was found that the use of GFNS for at least 30% cement replacement reduced the 10 d and 21 d mortar bar expansions below the allowable limits. The consumption of portlandite by the pozzolanic reaction of GFNS is considered as the primary reason for the reduction of expansion. The ASR mitigation process of GFNS was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of the reaction product.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-08-2019
DOI: 10.3390/MA12162501
Abstract: The influence of using cement on the residual properties of fly ash geopolymer concrete (FAGC) after exposure to high temperature of up to 800 °C was studied in terms of mass loss, residual compressive strength and microstructure. The mass loss was found to increase with the increase of exposure temperature, which is attributed to vaporization of water and dehydroxylation of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) gels. The dehydroxylation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels and the disintegration of portlandite were responsible for higher mass loss ratio of FAGCs containing cement. The results showed that cement could increase compressive strength of FAGCs up to 200 °C, after which a significant reduction in residual strength was observed. It was found that FAGCs without cement yielded higher residual strength than the original strength after heating up to 600 °C. The observed increase of compressive strength up to 200 °C was attributed to the secondary geopolymerization which was evidenced in the scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) images.
Publisher: IABSE
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.5169/SEALS-61423
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-05-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/FAM.2664
Publisher: Research Publishing Services
Date: 2012
Start Date: 2021
End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $240,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity