ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8541-9104
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-06-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11559-Y
Abstract: This paper reports a search for Higgs boson pair ( hh ) production in association with a vector boson ( $$W\\ {\\text {o}r}\\ Z$$ W o r Z ) using 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 of proton–proton collision data at $$\\sqrt{s}=13\\,\\text {TeV}$$ s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search is performed in final states in which the vector boson decays leptonically ( $$W\\rightarrow \\ell \\nu ,\\, Z\\rightarrow \\ell \\ell ,\\nu \\nu $$ W → ℓ ν , Z → ℓ ℓ , ν ν with $$\\ell =e, \\mu $$ ℓ = e , μ ) and the Higgs bosons each decay into a pair of b -quarks. It targets Vhh signals from both non-resonant hh production, present in the Standard Model (SM), and resonant hh production, as predicted in some SM extensions. A 95% confidence-level upper limit of 183 (87) times the SM cross-section is observed (expected) for non-resonant Vhh production when assuming the kinematics are as expected in the SM. Constraints are also placed on Higgs boson coupling modifiers. For the resonant search, upper limits on the production cross-sections are derived for two specific models: one is the production of a vector boson along with a neutral heavy scalar resonance H , in the mass range 260–1000 GeV, that decays into hh , and the other is the production of a heavier neutral pseudoscalar resonance A that decays into a Z boson and H boson, where the A boson mass is 360–800 GeV and the H boson mass is 260–400 GeV. Constraints are also derived in the parameter space of two-Higgs-doublet models.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-07-2016
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 15-05-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-06-2023
Abstract: A measurement of the top-quark mass ( m t ) in the $$ t\\overline{t} $$ t t ¯ → lepton + jets channel is presented, with an experimental technique which exploits semileptonic decays of b -hadrons produced in the top-quark decay chain. The distribution of the invariant mass m ℓμ of the lepton, ℓ (with ℓ = e, μ ), from the W -boson decay and the muon, μ , originating from the b -hadron decay is reconstructed, and a binned-template profile likelihood fit is performed to extract m t . The measurement is based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb − 1 of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV pp collisions provided by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS detector. The measured value of the top-quark mass is m t = 174 . 41 ± 0 . 39 (stat.) ± 0 . 66 (syst.) ± 0 . 25 (recoil) GeV, where the third uncertainty arises from changing the P ythia 8 parton shower gluon-recoil scheme, used in top-quark decays, to a recently developed setup.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2023
Abstract: The inclusive top-quark pair ( $$ t\\overline{t} $$ t t ¯ ) production cross-section $$ {\\sigma}_{t\\overline{t}} $$ σ t t ¯ is measured in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 5 . 02 TeV, using 257 pb − 1 of data collected in 2017 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The $$ t\\overline{t} $$ t t ¯ cross-section is measured in both the dilepton and single-lepton final states of the $$ t\\overline{t} $$ t t ¯ system and then combined. The combination of the two measurements yields $$ {\\sigma}_{t\\overline{t}}=67.5\\pm 0.9\\left(\\textrm{stat}.\\right)\\pm 2.3\\left(\\textrm{syst}.\\right)\\pm 1.1\\left(\\textrm{lumi}.\\right)\\pm 0.2\\left(\\textrm{beam}\\right)\\textrm{pb}, $$ σ t t ¯ = 67.5 ± 0.9 stat . ± 2.3 syst . ± 1.1 lumi . ± 0.2 beam pb , where the four uncertainties reflect the limited size of the data s le, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, and imperfect knowledge of both the integrated luminosity and the LHC beam energy, giving a total uncertainty of 3.9%. The result is in agreement with theoretical quantum chromodynamic calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order in the strong coupling constant, including the resummation of next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic soft-gluon terms, and constrains the parton distribution functions of the proton at large Bjorken- x .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11543-6
Abstract: A search for supersymmetry involving the pair production of gluinos decaying via off-shell third-generation squarks into the lightest neutralino $$(\\tilde{\\chi }^0_1)$$ ( χ ~ 1 0 ) is reported. It exploits LHC proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy $$\\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 collected with the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018. The search uses events containing large missing transverse momentum, up to one electron or muon, and several energetic jets, at least three of which must be identified as containing b -hadrons. Both a simple kinematic event selection and an event selection based upon a deep neural-network are used. No significant excess above the predicted background is found. In simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos that decay via off-shell top (bottom) squarks, gluino masses less than 2.44 TeV (2.35 TeV) are excluded at 95% CL for a massless $$\\tilde{\\chi }^0_1.$$ χ ~ 1 0 . Limits are also set on the gluino mass in models with variable branching ratios for gluino decays to $$b\\bar{b}\\tilde{\\chi }^0_1,$$ b b ¯ χ ~ 1 0 , $$t\\bar{t}\\tilde{\\chi }^0_1$$ t t ¯ χ ~ 1 0 and $$t\\bar{b}\\tilde{\\chi }^-_1/\\bar{t}b\\tilde{\\chi }^+_1.$$ t b ¯ χ ~ 1 - / t ¯ b χ ~ 1 + .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-06-2023
Abstract: This article presents a search for new resonances decaying into a Z or W boson and a 125 GeV Higgs boson h , and it targets the $$ \\nu \\overline{\\nu}b\\overline{b} $$ ν ν ¯ b b ¯ , $$ {\\ell}^{+}{\\ell}^{-}b\\overline{b} $$ ℓ + ℓ − b b ¯ , or $$ {\\ell}^{\\pm}\\nu b\\overline{b} $$ ℓ ± νb b ¯ final states, where ℓ = e or μ , in proton-proton collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV. The data used correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 collected by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the LHC at CERN. The search is conducted by examining the reconstructed invariant or transverse mass distributions of Zh or Wh candidates for evidence of a localised excess in the mass range from 220 GeV to 5 TeV. No significant excess is observed and 95% confidence-level upper limits between 1.3 pb and 0.3 fb are placed on the production cross section times branching fraction of neutral and charged spin-1 resonances and CP-odd scalar bosons. These limits are converted into constraints on the parameter space of the Heavy Vector Triplet model and the two-Higgs-doublet model.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2023
Abstract: Differential cross-section measurements of Zγ production in association with hadronic jets are presented, using the full 139 fb − 1 dataset of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV proton–proton collisions collected by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the LHC. Distributions are measured using events in which the Z boson decays leptonically and the photon is usually radiated from an initial-state quark. Measurements are made in both one and two observables, including those sensitive to the hard scattering in the event and others which probe additional soft and collinear radiation. Different Standard Model predictions, from both parton-shower Monte Carlo simulation and fixed-order QCD calculations, are compared with the measurements. In general, good agreement is observed between data and predictions from MATRIX and MiNNLO PS , as well as next-to-leading-order predictions from M ad G raph 5_ a MC@NLO and S herpa .
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 11-05-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-07-2023
Abstract: A search for new phenomena has been performed in final states with at least one isolated high-momentum photon, jets and missing transverse momentum in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV. The data, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . The experimental results are interpreted in a supersymmetric model in which pair-produced gluinos decay into neutralinos, which in turn decay into a gravitino, at least one photon, and jets. No significant deviations from the predictions of the Standard Model are observed. Upper limits are set on the visible cross section due to physics beyond the Standard Model, and lower limits are set on the masses of the gluinos and neutralinos, all at 95% confidence level. Visible cross sections greater than 0.022 fb are excluded and pair-produced gluinos with masses up to 2200 GeV are excluded for most of the NLSP masses investigated.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 05-2022
Abstract: Purpose: Determine the impact of preseason and between-seasons changes in in idual physical performance on injury risk in elite junior Australian football players and if injuries sustained during a season impact subsequent-season performance improvement. Methods: This prospective cohort study assessed in idual performance measures (sprint speed, jump, agility, and aerobic endurance) during preseason over 4 consecutive seasons. Injury status (injured/not injured) was tracked weekly to determine the relationship between in idual performance and in-season injury occurrence. Mixed models were used to determine the relationship between physical performance and injury, and the effect of injury on physical performance improvement. Results: A total of 206 players played 2 consecutive seasons and were included (17.6 y, 181.9 cm, 75.7 kg). Faster players during preseason experienced higher injury incidence (injuries/season) during that playing season (incidence rate ratio = 0.127 P = .034). Injury incidence was not influenced by between-seasons change in any performance measure. Players injured during their first season maintained their aerobic fitness, which declined in noninjured players ( d = 0.39 P = .013). Players who sustained a lower-limb injury during their first season saw smaller improvements in sprint speed than players who did not get injured ( d = 0.39 P = .035). Conclusion: Faster players experience higher injury incidence than slower players and may require specific prevention interventions. Players who experience a lower-limb injury during the playing season do not improve sprint speed between seasons to the same extent as players who do not get injured, highlighting the need for targeted high-speed running ability development as part of rehabilitation.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-06-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11434-W
Abstract: Searches for new phenomena inspired by supersymmetry in final states containing an $$e^+e^-$$ e + e - or $$\\mu ^+\\mu ^-$$ μ + μ - pair, jets, and missing transverse momentum are presented. These searches make use of proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of $$139~\\text {fb}^{-1}$$ 139 fb - 1 , collected during 2015–2018 at a centre-of-mass energy $$\\sqrt{s}=13~$$ s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Two searches target the pair production of charginos and neutralinos. One uses the recursive-jigsaw reconstruction technique to follow up on excesses observed in $$36.1~\\text {fb}^{-1}$$ 36.1 fb - 1 of data, and the other uses conventional event variables. The third search targets pair production of coloured supersymmetric particles (squarks or gluinos) decaying through the next-to-lightest neutralino $$(\\tilde{\\chi }_2^0)$$ ( χ ~ 2 0 ) via a slepton $$(\\tilde{\\ell })$$ ( ℓ ~ ) or Z boson into $$\\ell ^+\\ell ^-\\tilde{\\chi }_1^0$$ ℓ + ℓ - χ ~ 1 0 , resulting in a kinematic endpoint or peak in the dilepton invariant mass spectrum. The data are found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectations. Results are interpreted using simplified models and exclude masses up to 900 GeV for electroweakinos, 1550 GeV for squarks, and 2250 GeV for gluinos.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-05-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-06-2023
Abstract: A search for long-lived particles decaying into hadrons is presented. The analysis uses 139 fb − 1 of pp collision data collected at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the LHC using events that contain multiple energetic jets and a displaced vertex. The search employs dedicated reconstruction techniques that significantly increase the sensitivity to long-lived particles decaying in the ATLAS inner detector. Background estimates for Standard Model processes and instrumental effects are extracted from data. The observed event yields are compatible with those expected from background processes. The results are used to set limits at 95% confidence level on model-independent cross sections for processes beyond the Standard Model, and on scenarios with pair-production of supersymmetric particles with long-lived electroweakinos that decay via a small R -parity-violating coupling. The pair-production of electroweakinos with masses below 1.5 TeV is excluded for mean proper lifetimes in the range from 0.03 ns to 1 ns. When produced in the decay of $$ m\\left(\\overset{\\sim }{g}\\right) $$ m g ~ = 2 . 4 TeV gluinos, electroweakinos with $$ m\\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0\\right) $$ m χ ~ 1 0 = 1 . 5 TeV are excluded with lifetimes in the range of 0.02 ns to 4 ns.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11578-9
Abstract: A search for pair production of doubly charged Higgs bosons ( $$H^{\\pm \\pm }$$ H ± ± ), each decaying into a pair of prompt, isolated, and highly energetic leptons with the same electric charge, is presented. The search uses a proton–proton collision data s le at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 recorded by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This analysis focuses on same-charge leptonic decays, $$H^{\\pm \\pm } \\!\\rightarrow \\ell ^{\\pm } \\ell ^{\\prime \\pm }$$ H ± ± → ℓ ± ℓ ′ ± where $$\\ell , \\ell ^\\prime \\!=\\!e, \\mu , \\tau $$ ℓ , ℓ ′ = e , μ , τ , in two-, three-, and four-lepton channels, but only considers final states which include electrons or muons. No evidence of a signal is observed. Corresponding upper limits on the production cross-section of a doubly charged Higgs boson are derived, as a function of its mass $$m(H^{\\pm \\pm })$$ m ( H ± ± ) , at 95% confidence level. Assuming that the branching ratios to each of the possible leptonic final states are equal, $$\\mathcal {B}(H^{\\pm \\pm } \\rightarrow e^\\pm e^\\pm ) = \\mathcal {B}(H^{\\pm \\pm } \\rightarrow e^\\pm \\mu ^\\pm ) = \\mathcal {B}(H^{\\pm \\pm } \\rightarrow \\mu ^\\pm \\mu ^\\pm ) = \\mathcal {B}(H^{\\pm \\pm } \\rightarrow e^\\pm \\tau ^\\pm ) = \\mathcal {B}(H^{\\pm \\pm } \\rightarrow \\mu ^\\pm \\tau ^\\pm ) = \\mathcal {B}(H^{\\pm \\pm } \\rightarrow \\tau ^\\pm \\tau ^\\pm ) = 1/6$$ B ( H ± ± → e ± e ± ) = B ( H ± ± → e ± μ ± ) = B ( H ± ± → μ ± μ ± ) = B ( H ± ± → e ± τ ± ) = B ( H ± ± → μ ± τ ± ) = B ( H ± ± → τ ± τ ± ) = 1 / 6 , the observed (expected) lower limit on the mass of a doubly charged Higgs boson is 1080 GeV (1065 GeV) within the left-right symmetric type-II seesaw model, which is the strongest limit to date produced by the ATLAS Collaboration. Additionally, this paper provides the first direct test of the Zee–Babu neutrino mass model at the LHC, yielding an observed (expected) lower limit of $$m(H^{\\pm \\pm })$$ m ( H ± ± ) = 900 GeV (880 GeV).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-12-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S40279-015-0445-1
Abstract: Aerobic capacity (VO2max) is a strong predictor of health and fitness and is considered a key physiological measure in the healthy adult population. Submaximal step tests provide a safe, simple and ecologically valid means of assessing VO2max in both the general population and a rehabilitation setting. However, no studies have attempted to synthesize the existing knowledge regarding the validity of the multiple step-test protocols available to estimate VO2max in the healthy adult population. The objective of this study was to systematically review literature on the validity and reliability of submaximal step-test protocols to estimate VO2max in healthy adults (age 18-65 years). A systematic literature search of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was performed. The search returned 690 studies that underwent the initial screening process. To be included, the study had to (1) have participants deemed to be healthy and aged between 18 and 65 years (2) assess VO2max by means of a submaximal step test against a graded exercise test (GXT) to volitional exhaustion and (3) be available in English. Reference lists from included articles were screened for additional articles. The primary outcome measures used were the validity statistics between the actual measured VO2max and predicted VO2max values, and the reported direction of the statistically significant difference between the measured VO2max and the predicted VO2max. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to assess the risk of bias in each included study, and was adapted to the type of quantitative study design used. The combined database search produced 690 studies, from which 644 were excluded during the screening process. Following full-text assessment, a further 39 studies were excluded based on the eligibility criteria detailed previously. Four additional studies were located via the reference lists of the included studies, leaving 11 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and which compared eight different step-test protocols against a direct measure of VO2max incurred during a maximal GXT. Validity measures varied, with a broad range of correlation coefficients reported across the 11 studies (r = 0.469-0.95). Of the 11 studies, two reported reliability measures, demonstrating good test-retest reliability [mean -0.8 ± 3.7 mL kg(-1) min(-1) (±7.7 % of the mean measured VO2max)]. Considering the relationship between VO2max and various markers of health, the use of step tests as a measure of health in both the general adult population and rehabilitation settings is advocated. Step tests provide a simple, effective and ecologically valid method of submaximally assessing VO2max that can be implemented in a variety of situations within the general adult population. Future research is needed to assess the reliability of the majority of the step-test procedures reviewed. Based on the validity measures, submaximal step-test protocols are an acceptable means of estimating VO2max in the generally healthy adult population. For tracking changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, the Chester Step test appears to be an appropriate tool due to its high test-retest reliability.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-03-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S00421-022-04931-5
Abstract: Exercise improves measures of cardiovascular (CV) health and function. But as traditional measures improve gradually, it can be difficult to identify the effectiveness of an exercise intervention in the short-term. Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) is a highly sensitive CV imaging measure that detects signs of myocardial dysfunction prior to more traditional measures, with reductions in LVGLS a strong prognostic indicator of future CV dysfunction and mortality. Due to its sensitivity, LVGLS may offer useful method of tracking the effectiveness of an exercise intervention on CV function in the short-term, providing practitioners useful information to improve patient care in exercise settings. However, the effect of exercise on LVGLS is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect exercise has on LVGLS across a range of populations. Included studies assessed LVGLS pre–post an exercise intervention (minimum 2 weeks) in adults 18 years and over, and were published in English from 2000 onwards. Study-level random-effects meta-analyses were performed using Stata (v16.1) to calculate summary standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). 39 studies met selection criteria, with 35 included in meta-analyses (1765 participants). In primary analyses, a significant improvement in LVGLS was observed in populations with CV disease (SMD = 0.59 95% CI 0.16–1.02 p = 0.01), however, no significant effect of exercise was observed in CV risk factor and healthy populations. In populations with CV disease, LVGLS could be used as an early biomarker to determine the effectiveness of an exercise regime before changes in other clinical measures are observed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002963
Abstract: Bennett, H and Slattery, F. Effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic capacity and performance: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 572–583, 2019—Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a novel training method that can elicit training adaptations at low training intensities. Recent research has aimed to determine the effect of aerobic exercise with BFR on aerobic fitness and performance, with conflicting results. This review aimed to systematically identify and assess studies that have combined BFR with aerobic exercise in humans, establishing its effect on aerobic fitness and performance. Five databases (Medline, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINHAL, and ScienceDirect) were searched. Two authors independently conducted all searches and reviewed all abstracts, determining article suitability. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to assess risk of bias in each study. Fourteen studies were included for analysis. Blood flow restriction aerobic exercise increased measures of aerobic fitness and performance in younger adults when using occlusion pressures ≥130 mm Hg. In older adults, measures of aerobic performance improved however, measures of aerobic fitness remained unchanged. These findings must be interpreted with caution because methodological limitations were present in all trials. Short-term BFR aerobic exercise seems to offer a valid method of improving aerobic performance and fitness in healthy adults when using occlusion pressures ≥130 mm Hg. Conversely, it seems to strictly enhance aerobic performance in older adults without impacting aerobic fitness, potentially suggesting different mechanisms of adaptation between older and younger in iduals. Despite methodological limitations, BFR aerobic exercise seems to have applications in scenarios where high-intensity aerobic exercise is not appropriate, although more high-quality research is needed to further demonstrate this.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 22-05-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-05-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11436-8
Abstract: In a special run of the LHC with $$\\beta ^{\\star } = 2.5$$ β ⋆ = 2.5 km, proton–proton elastic-scattering events were recorded at $$\\sqrt{s} = 13$$ s = 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of $$340~\\upmu {\\text {b}}^{-1}$$ 340 μ b - 1 using the ALFA subdetector of ATLAS in 2016. The elastic cross section was measured differentially in the Mandelstam t variable in the range from $$-t = 2.5 \\cdot 10^{-4}$$ - t = 2.5 · 10 - 4 GeV $$^{2}$$ 2 to $$-t = 0.46$$ - t = 0.46 GeV $$^{2}$$ 2 using 6.9 million elastic-scattering candidates. This paper presents measurements of the total cross section $$\\sigma _{\\text {tot}}$$ σ tot , parameters of the nuclear slope, and the $$\\rho $$ ρ -parameter defined as the ratio of the real part to the imaginary part of the elastic-scattering litude in the limit $$t \\rightarrow 0$$ t → 0 . These parameters are determined from a fit to the differential elastic cross section using the optical theorem and different parameterizations of the t -dependence. The results for $$\\sigma _{\\text {tot}}$$ σ tot and $$\\rho $$ ρ are $$\\begin{aligned} \\sigma _{\\text {tot}}(pp\\rightarrow X) = 104.7 \\pm 1.1 \\ \\text{ mb },\\quad \\rho = 0.098 \\pm 0.011 . \\end{aligned}$$ σ tot ( p p → X ) = 104.7 ± 1.1 mb , ρ = 0.098 ± 0.011 . The uncertainty in $$\\sigma _{\\text {tot}}$$ σ tot is dominated by the luminosity measurement, and in $$\\rho $$ ρ by imperfect knowledge of the detector alignment and by modelling of the nuclear litude.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 19-07-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-03-2022
Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing chemotherapy are at risk of developing cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD). Exercise has been proposed to prevent CTRCD however, its effectiveness remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review was to establish the effect of exercise on global longitudinal strain (GLS) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in BC patients undergoing chemotherapy, to determine if exercise can prevent the development of CTRCD. Four databases (Medline, Scopus, eMbase, SPORTDiscus) were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they measured GLS or LVEF prior to and following an exercise intervention of any length in BC patients undergoing chemotherapy and were published in English from 2000 onwards. Risk of bias was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool. Of the 398 studies screened, eight were eligible. Changes were similar in exercising (EX) and non-exercising (CON) groups for GLS (EX: pre: −19.6 ± 0.4, post: −20.1 ± 1.0, CON: pre: −20.0 ± 0.4, post: −20.1 ± 1) and LVEF (EX: pre: 58.5 ± 4.1%, post: 58.6 ± 2%, CON: pre: 56.6 ± 4.2%, post: 55.6 ± 4.6%). Exercise maintained or improved peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) during chemotherapy, while declines were observed in non-exercising groups. The included studies were limited by methodological deficiencies. The ability of exercise to prevent CTRCD is unclear. However, exercise positively impacts cardiorespiratory fitness in BC patients undergoing chemotherapy. Future research must address the methodological limitations of current research to understand the true effect of exercise in the prevention of CTRCD.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-06-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-06-2023
Abstract: A search is reported for excited τ -leptons and leptoquarks in events with two hadronically decaying τ -leptons and two or more jets. The search uses proton-proton ( pp ) collision data at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment during the Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider in 2015–2018. The total integrated luminosity is 139 fb − 1 . The excited τ -lepton is assumed to be produced and to decay via a four-fermion contact interaction into an ordinary τ -lepton and a quark-antiquark pair. The leptoquarks are assumed to be produced in pairs via the strong interaction, and each leptoquark is assumed to couple to a charm or lighter quark and a τ -lepton. No excess over the background prediction is observed. Excited τ -leptons with masses below 2.8 TeV are excluded at 95% CL in scenarios with the contact interaction scale Λ set to 10 TeV. At the extreme limit of model validity where Λ is set equal to the excited τ -lepton mass, excited τ -leptons with masses below 4.6 TeV are excluded. Leptoquarks with masses below 1.3 TeV are excluded at 95% CL if their branching ratio to a charm quark and a τ -lepton equals 1. The analysis does not exploit flavour-tagging in the signal region.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2023
Abstract: A search for flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) tqH interactions involving a top quark, another up-type quark ( q = u, c ), and a Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson decaying into a τ -lepton pair ( H → τ + τ − ) is presented. The search is based on a dataset of pp collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Two processes are considered: single top quark FCNC production in association with a Higgs boson ( pp → tH ), and top quark pair production in which one of top quarks decays into Wb and the other decays into qH through the FCNC interactions. The search selects events with two hadronically decaying τ -lepton candidates ( τ had ) or at least one τ had with an additional lepton ( e , μ ), as well as multiple jets. Event kinematics is used to separate signal from the background through a multivariate discriminant. A slight excess of data is observed with a significance of 2.3 σ above the expected SM background, and 95% CL upper limits on the t → qH branching ratios are derived. The observed (expected) 95% CL upper limits set on the t → cH and t → uH branching ratios are $$ 9.4\\times {10}^{-4}\\left({4.8}_{-1.4}^{+2.2}\\times {10}^{-4}\\right) $$ 9.4 × 10 − 4 4.8 − 1.4 + 2.2 × 10 − 4 and $$ 6.9\\times {10}^{-4}\\left({3.5}_{-1.0}^{+1.5}\\times {10}^{-4}\\right) $$ 6.9 × 10 − 4 3.5 − 1.0 + 1.5 × 10 − 4 , respectively. The corresponding combined observed (expected) upper limits on the dimension-6 operator Wilson coefficients in the effective tqH couplings are C cϕ 1 . 35 (0 . 97) and C uϕ 1 . 16 (0 . 82).
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2023
Abstract: A search for light long-lived neutral particles with masses in the O (MeV–GeV) range is presented. The analysis targets the production of long-lived dark photons in the decay of a Higgs boson produced via gluon–gluon fusion or in association with a W boson. Events that contain displaced collimated Standard Model fermions reconstructed in the calorimeter or muon spectrometer are selected in 139 fb − 1 of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Background estimates for contributions from Standard Model processes and instrumental effects are extracted from data. The observed event yields are consistent with the expected background. Exclusion limits are reported on the production cross-section times branching fraction as a function of the mean proper decay length cτ of the dark photon, or as a function of the dark-photon mass and kinetic mixing parameter that quantifies the coupling between the Standard Model and potential hidden (dark) sectors. A Higgs boson branching fraction above 1% is excluded at 95% CL for a Higgs boson decaying into two dark photons for dark-photon mean proper decay lengths between 10 mm and 250 mm and dark photons with masses between 0.4 GeV and 2 GeV.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-06-2023
Abstract: A search for the electroweak production of pairs of charged sleptons or charginos decaying into two-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. Two simplified models of R -parity-conserving supersymmetry are considered: direct pair-production of sleptons $$ \\left(\\overset{\\sim }{\\ell}\\overset{\\sim }{\\ell}\\right) $$ ℓ ~ ℓ ~ , with each decaying into a charged lepton and a $$ {\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0 $$ χ ~ 1 0 neutralino, and direct pair-production of the lightest charginos $$ \\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^{\\pm }{\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^{\\mp}\\right) $$ χ ~ 1 ± χ ~ 1 ∓ , with each decaying into a W -boson and a $$ {\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0 $$ χ ~ 1 0 . The lightest neutralino $$ \\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0\\right) $$ χ ~ 1 0 is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The analyses target the experimentally challenging mass regions where $$ m\\left(\\overset{\\sim }{\\ell}\\right)-m\\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0\\right) $$ m ℓ ~ − m χ ~ 1 0 and $$ m\\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^{\\pm}\\right)-m\\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0\\right) $$ m χ ~ 1 ± − m χ ~ 1 0 are close to the W -boson mass (‘moderately compressed’ regions). The search uses 139 fb − 1 of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excesses over the expected background are observed. Exclusion limits on the simplified models under study are reported in the $$ \\left(\\overset{\\sim }{\\ell },{\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0\\right) $$ ℓ ~ χ ~ 1 0 and $$ \\left({\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^{\\pm }{\\overset{\\sim }{\\chi}}_1^0\\right) $$ χ ~ 1 ± χ ~ 1 0 mass planes at 95% confidence level (CL). Sleptons with masses up to 150 GeV are excluded at 95% CL for the case of a mass-splitting between sleptons and the LSP of 50 GeV. Chargino masses up to 140 GeV are excluded at 95% CL for the case of a mass-splitting between the chargino and the LSP down to about 100 GeV.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S00421-016-3485-9
Abstract: To determine whether maximal oxygen uptake (VO Sixteen participants (31.7 ± 11.3 years, 3 females) completed three PRETs (separated by 24-72 h) and one maximal, perceptually-regulated, graded exercise test (PRETmax) on a motorized treadmill. Oxygen uptake (VO VO The step PRET elicited significant and reliable increases in VO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2021.10.014
Abstract: Identify how modified Lower-Quarter Y-Balance Test (mYBT-LQ) and Upper-Quarter Balance Test (mYBT-UQ) scores relate to injury risk and measures of physical performance in elite adolescent Australian Football (AF) athletes. Prospective cohort study. Pre-season mYBT-LQ, mYBT-UQ, and physical performance measures (speed, jump height, and agility) were obtained in 257 elite adolescent male AF athletes. Injury status was tracked across the 18-game season to determine the relationship between mYBT scores and injury risk based on time-to-event analysis. Cross-sectional analysis of mYBT-LQ scores and performance measures determined the relationships between these variables. There were no significant associations between injury risk and any single mYBT parameter. However, athletes with high posteromedial asymmetry and good agility performance (top 25% of the cohort) had moderately increased injury risk with and tended to without a previous injury history (Hazard Ratio = 3.26 [95% Confidence Interval: 1.01, 10.54 p = 0.048] and 2.69 [95% Confidence Interval = 0.92, 7.82 p = 0.069], respectively). There were significant correlations between faster agility times and higher composite limb-length normalised mYBT-LQ (r = -0.210 CI = -0.324, -0.090), limb-length normalised average posteromedial reach score (r = -0.227 CI = -0.340, -0.108), and limb-length normalised average posterolateral reach score (r = -0.250: CI = -0.361, -0.132). In isolation, the mYBT is not useful for identifying injury risk in junior AF athletes, and only small correlations between mYBT-LQ and physical performance variables were identified. However, high mYBT-LQ posteromedial asymmetry is associated with increased injury risk for athletes with good agility performance. This should be considered within athlete preparation programs.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2023
Abstract: This paper presents a search for hypothetical massive, charged, long-lived particles with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 of proton–proton collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV. These particles are expected to move significantly slower than the speed of light and should be identifiable by their high transverse momenta and anomalously large specific ionisation losses, d E/ d x . Trajectories reconstructed solely by the inner tracking system and a d E/ d x measurement in the pixel detector layers provide sensitivity to particles with lifetimes down to $$ \\mathcal{O} $$ O (1) ns with a mass, measured using the Bethe–Bloch relation, ranging from 100 GeV to 3 TeV. Interpretations for pair-production of R -hadrons, charginos and staus in scenarios of supersymmetry compatible with these particles being long-lived are presented, with mass limits extending considerably beyond those from previous searches in broad ranges of lifetime.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 02-03-2021
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003903
Abstract: Bennett, H, Fuller, J, Milanese, S, Jones, S, Moore, E, and Chalmers, S. The relationship between movement quality and physical performance in elite adolescent Australian football players. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2824–2829, 2022—The assessment of movement quality is commonplace in competitive sport to profile injury risk and guide exercise prescription. However, the relationship between movement quality scores and physical performance measures is unclear. Moreover, whether improvements in these measures are associated remain unknown. Over a 4-year period, 918 in idual elite adolescent Australian Rules Footballers completed the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and physical performance testing (5- and 20-m sprint, vertical jump, planned agility, and 20-m shuttle run test), allowing the analysis of relationships between FMS parameters and performance measures. In addition, 235 athletes completed testing over 2 consecutive years, allowing the analysis of relationships between changes in these outcomes. Small associations were observed between FMS composite score, hurdle step performance, in-line lunge performance, trunk stability push-up performance, rotary stability, and measures of speed, power, agility, and aerobic fitness (ρ = 0.071–0.238). Across consecutive seasons, significant improvements were observed in the deep squat subtest ( d = 0.21), FMS composite score ( d = 0.17), and 5- ( d = 0.16) and 20-m sprint times ( d = 0.39). A negative association between change in rotary stability and change in jump height (ρ = −0.236) from one season to the next was detected. Results suggest FMS scores have limited relationships with measures of performance in footballers. To optimize athletic performance, once acceptable movement capabilities have been established, training should not prioritize improving movement quality over improvements in strength, power, and change of direction ability.
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 07-07-2021
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.11554
Abstract: Blood flow restricted exercise (BFRE) improves physical fitness, with theorized positive effects on vascular function. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to report (1) the effects of BFRE on vascular function in adults with or without chronic health conditions, and (2) adverse events and adherence reported for BFRE. Five electronic databases were searched by two researchers independently to identify studies reporting vascular outcomes following BFRE in adults with and without chronic conditions. When sufficient data were provided, meta-analysis and exploratory meta-regression were performed. Twenty-six studies were included in the review (total participants n = 472 n = 41 older adults with chronic conditions). Meta-analysis (k = 9 studies) indicated that compared to exercise without blood flow restriction, resistance training with blood flow restriction resulted in significantly greater effects on endothelial function (SMD 0.76 95% CI [0.36–1.14]). No significant differences were estimated for changes in vascular structure (SMD −0.24 95% CI [−1.08 to 0.59]). In exploratory meta-regression analyses, several experimental protocol factors (design, exercise modality, exercised limbs, intervention length and number of sets per exercise) were significantly associated with the effect size for endothelial function outcomes. Adverse events in BFRE studies were rarely reported. There is limited evidence, predominantly available in healthy young adults, on the effect of BFRE on vascular function. Signals pointing to effect of specific dynamic resistance exercise protocols with blood flow restriction (≥4 weeks with exercises for the upper and lower limbs) on endothelial function warrant further investigation.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-2021
DOI: 10.1249/FIT.0000000000000669
Abstract: • Exercise interventions targeting improvements in movement quality can increase training safety and effectiveness. • Movement quality–specific training can cause improvements in functionally relevant performance outcomes in a way that may be perceived as easier than traditional training interventions. • Assessing movement quality before prescribing exercise can highlight areas of training focus while identifying key exercises that your clients can perform safely.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-06-2023
Abstract: A generic search for resonances is performed with events containing a Z boson with transverse momentum greater than 100 GeV, decaying into e + e − or μ + μ − . The analysed data collected with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . Two invariant mass distributions are examined for a localised excess relative to the expected Standard Model background in six independent event categories (and their inclusive sum) to increase the sensitivity. No significant excess is observed. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are derived for two cases: a model-independent interpretation of Gaussian-shaped resonances with the mass width between 3% and 10% of the resonance mass, and a specific heavy vector triplet model with the decay mode W ′ → ZW → ℓℓqq .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-07-2023
Abstract: Measurements of transverse energy-energy correlations and their associated azimuthal asymmetries in multijet events are presented. The analysis is performed using a data s le corresponding to 139 fb − 1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV, collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The measurements are presented in bins of the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of the two leading jets and unfolded to particle level. They are then compared to next-to-next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations for the first time, which feature a significant reduction in the theoretical uncertainties estimated using variations of the renormalisation and factorisation scales. The agreement between data and theory is good, thus providing a precision test of QCD at large momentum transfers Q . The strong coupling constant α s is extracted as a function of Q , showing a good agreement with the renormalisation group equation and with previous analyses. A simultaneous fit to all transverse energy-energy correlation distributions across different kinematic regions yields a value of $$ {\\alpha}_{\\textrm{s}}\\left({m}_Z\\right)=0.1175\\pm 0.0006{\\left(\\exp .\\right)}_{-0.0017}^{+0.0034}\\left(\\textrm{theo}.\\right) $$ α s m Z = 0.1175 ± 0.0006 exp . − 0.0017 + 0.0034 theo . , while the global fit to the asymmetry distributions yields $$ {\\alpha}_{\\textrm{s}}\\left({m}_Z\\right)=0.1185\\pm 0.0009{\\left(\\exp .\\right)}_{-0.0012}^{+0.0025}\\left(\\textrm{theo}.\\right) $$ α s m Z = 0.1185 ± 0.0009 exp . − 0.0012 + 0.0025 theo . .
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-07-2023
Abstract: Measurements of differential cross sections are presented for inclusive isolated-photon production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV provided by the LHC and using 139 fb − 1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment. The cross sections are measured as functions of the photon transverse energy in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The photons are required to be isolated by means of a fixed-cone method with two different cone radii. The dependence of the inclusive-photon production on the photon isolation is investigated by measuring the fiducial cross sections as functions of the isolation-cone radius and the ratios of the differential cross sections with different radii in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The results presented in this paper constitute an improvement with respect to those published by ATLAS earlier: the measurements are provided for different isolation radii and with a more granular segmentation in photon pseudorapidity that can be exploited in improving the determination of the proton parton distribution functions. These improvements provide a more in-depth test of the theoretical predictions. Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from JETPHOX and SHERPA and next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from NNLOJET are compared to the measurements, using several parameterisations of the proton parton distribution functions. The measured cross sections are well described by the fixed-order QCD predictions within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties in most of the investigated phase-space region.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-05-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11427-9
Abstract: This paper presents a measurement of b -jet production in Pb+Pb and pp collisions at $$\\sqrt{s_{_\\text {NN}}}=5.02$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurement uses 260 $$\\text {pb}^{-1}$$ pb - 1 of pp collisions collected in 2017 and 1.4 $$\\text {nb}^{-1}$$ nb - 1 of Pb+Pb collisions collected in 2018. In both collision systems, jets are reconstructed via the anti- $$k_{t}$$ k t algorithm. The b -jets are identified from a s le of jets containing muons from the semileptonic decay of b -quarks using template fits of the muon momentum relative to the jet axis. In pp collisions, b -jets are reconstructed for radius parameters $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 and $$R= 0.4$$ R = 0.4 , and only $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 jets are used in Pb+Pb collisions. For comparison, inclusive $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 jets are also measured using 1.7 $$\\text {nb}^{-1}$$ nb - 1 of Pb+Pb collisions collected in 2018 and the same pp collision data as the b -jet measurement. The nuclear modification factor, $$R_\\text {AA}$$ R AA , is calculated for both b -jets and inclusive jets with $$R= 0.2$$ R = 0.2 over the transverse momentum range of 80–290 GeV. The nuclear modification factor for b -jets decreases from peripheral to central collisions. The ratio of the b -jet $$R_\\text {AA}$$ R AA to inclusive jet $$R_\\text {AA}$$ R AA is also presented and suggests that the $$R_\\text {AA}$$ R AA for b -jets is larger than that for inclusive jets in central Pb+Pb collisions. The measurements are compared with theoretical calculations and suggest a role for mass and colour-charge effects in partonic energy loss in heavy-ion collisions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-07-2023
Abstract: Measurements of Higgs boson production cross-sections are carried out in the diphoton decay channel using 139 fb − 1 of pp collision data at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The analysis is based on the definition of 101 distinct signal regions using machine-learning techniques. The inclusive Higgs boson signal strength in the diphoton channel is measured to be $$ {1.04}_{-0.09}^{+0.10} $$ 1.04 − 0.09 + 0.10 . Cross-sections for gluon-gluon fusion, vector-boson fusion, associated production with a W or Z boson, and top associated production processes are reported. An upper limit of 10 times the Standard Model prediction is set for the associated production process of a Higgs boson with a single top quark, which has a unique sensitivity to the sign of the top quark Yukawa coupling. Higgs boson production is further characterized through measurements of Simplified Template Cross-Sections (STXS). In total, cross-sections of 28 STXS regions are measured. The measured STXS cross-sections are compatible with their Standard Model predictions, with a p -value of 93%. The measurements are also used to set constraints on Higgs boson coupling strengths, as well as on new interactions beyond the Standard Model in an effective field theory approach. No significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed in these measurements, which provide significant sensitivity improvements compared to the previous ATLAS results.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-06-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11479-X
Abstract: A measurement of observables sensitive to effects of colour reconnection in top-quark pair-production events is presented using 139 $$\\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 of 13 TeV proton–proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are selected by requiring exactly one isolated electron and one isolated muon with opposite charge and two or three jets, where exactly two jets are required to be b -tagged. For the selected events, measurements are presented for the charged-particle multiplicity, the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of the charged particles, and the same scalar sum in bins of charged-particle multiplicity. These observables are unfolded to the stable-particle level, thereby correcting for migration effects due to finite detector resolution, acceptance and efficiency effects. The particle-level measurements are compared with different colour reconnection models in Monte Carlo generators. These measurements disfavour some of the colour reconnection models and provide inputs to future optimisation of the parameters in Monte Carlo generators.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-06-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11477-Z
Abstract: This paper presents a statistical combination of searches targeting final states with two top quarks and invisible particles, characterised by the presence of zero, one or two leptons, at least one jet originating from a b -quark and missing transverse momentum. The analyses are searches for phenomena beyond the Standard Model consistent with the direct production of dark matter in pp collisions at the LHC, using 139 fb $$^{-\\text {1}}$$ - 1 of data collected with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The results are interpreted in terms of simplified dark matter models with a spin-0 scalar or pseudoscalar mediator particle. In addition, the results are interpreted in terms of upper limits on the Higgs boson invisible branching ratio, where the Higgs boson is produced according to the Standard Model in association with a pair of top quarks. For scalar (pseudoscalar) dark matter models, with all couplings set to unity, the statistical combination extends the mass range excluded by the best of the in idual channels by 50 (25) GeV, excluding mediator masses up to 370 GeV. In addition, the statistical combination improves the expected coupling exclusion reach by 14% (24%), assuming a scalar (pseudoscalar) mediator mass of 10 GeV. An upper limit on the Higgs boson invisible branching ratio of 0.38 ( $$\\text {0.30}^{+\\text {0.13}}_{-\\text {0.09}}$$ 0.30 - 0.09 + 0.13 ) is observed (expected) at 95% confidence level.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002058
Abstract: Bennett, H, Davison, K, Arnold, J, Slattery, F, Martin, M, and Norton, K. Multicomponent musculoskeletal movement assessment tools: a systematic review and critical appraisal of their development and applicability to professional practice. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2903–2919, 2017—Multicomponent movement assessment tools have become commonplace to measure movement quality, proposing to indicate injury risk and performance capabilities. Despite popular use, there has been no attempt to compare the components of each tool reported in the literature, the processes in which they were developed, or the underpinning rationale for their included content. As such, the objective of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive summary of current movement assessment tools and appraise the evidence supporting their development. A systematic literature search was performed using PRISMA guidelines to identify multicomponent movement assessment tools. Commonalities between tools and the evidence provided to support the content of each tool was identified. Each tool underwent critical appraisal to identify the rigor in which it was developed, and its applicability to professional practice. Eleven tools were identified, of which 5 provided evidence to support their content as assessments of movement quality. One assessment tool (Soccer Injury Movement Screen [SIMS]) received an overall score of above 65% on critical appraisal, with a further 2 tools (Movement Competency Screen [MCS] and modified 4 movement screen [M4-MS]) scoring above 60%. Only the MCS provided clear justification for its developmental process. The remaining 8 tools scored between 40 and 60%. On appraisal, the MCS, M4-MS, and SIMS seem to provide the most practical value for assessing movement quality as they provide the strongest reports of developmental rigor and an identifiable evidence base. In addition, considering the evidence provided, these tools may have the strongest potential for identifying performance capabilities and guiding exercise prescription in athletic and sport-specific populations.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-06-2023
Abstract: The electroweak production of $$ Z\\left(\\nu \\overline{\\nu}\\right)\\gamma $$ Z ν ν ¯ γ in association with two jets is studied in a regime with a photon of high transverse momentum above 150 GeV using proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis uses a data s le with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 collected by the ATLAS detector during the 2015–2018 LHC data-taking period. This process is an important probe of the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism in the Standard Model and is sensitive to quartic gauge boson couplings via vector-boson scattering. The fiducial $$ Z\\left(\\nu \\overline{\\nu}\\right)\\gamma jj $$ Z ν ν ¯ γjj cross section for electroweak production is measured to be $$ {0.77}_{-0.30}^{+0.34} $$ 0.77 − 0.30 + 0.34 fb and is consistent with the Standard Model prediction. Evidence of electroweak $$ Z\\left(\\nu \\overline{\\nu}\\right)\\gamma jj $$ Z ν ν ¯ γjj production is found with an observed significance of 3.2 σ for the background-only hypothesis, compared with an expected significance of 3.7 σ . The combination of this result with the previously published ATLAS observation of electroweak $$ Z\\left(\\nu \\overline{\\nu}\\right)\\gamma jj $$ Z ν ν ¯ γjj production yields an observed (expected) signal significance of 6.3 σ (6.6 σ ). Limits on anomalous quartic gauge boson couplings are obtained in the framework of effective field theory with dimension-8 operators.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-06-2023
Abstract: Cross-section measurements for a Z boson produced in association with high-transverse-momentum jets ( p T ≥ 100 GeV) and decaying into a charged-lepton pair ( e + e − , μ + μ − ) are presented. The measurements are performed using proton–proton collisions at $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Measurements of angular correlations between the Z boson and the closest jet are performed in events with at least one jet with p T ≥ 500 GeV. Event topologies of particular interest are the collinear emission of a Z boson in dijet events and a boosted Z boson recoiling against a jet. Fiducial cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art theoretical predictions. The data are found to agree with next-to-next-to-leading-order predictions by NNLO jet and with the next-to-leading-order multi-leg generators M ad G raph 5_ a MC@NLO and S herpa .
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-06-2023
Abstract: A search for pair-produced scalar and vector leptoquarks decaying into quarks and leptons of different generations is presented. It uses the full LHC Run 2 (2015–2018) data set of 139 fb − 1 collected with the ATLAS detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV. Scalar leptoquarks with charge −(1 / 3) e as well as scalar and vector leptoquarks with charge +(2 / 3) e are considered. All possible decays of the pair-produced leptoquarks into quarks of the third generation ( t, b ) and charged or neutral leptons of the first or second generation ( e, μ, ν ) with exactly one electron or muon in the final state are investigated. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed. Upper limits on the production cross-section are provided for eight models as a function of the leptoquark mass and the branching ratio of the leptoquark into the charged or neutral lepton. In addition, lower limits on the leptoquark masses are derived for all models across a range of branching ratios. Two of these models have the goal of providing an explanation for the recent B -anomalies. In both models, a vector leptoquark decays into charged and neutral leptons of the second generation with a similar branching fraction. Lower limits of 1980 GeV and 1710 GeV are set on the leptoquark mass for these two models.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-09-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-06-2023
Abstract: Exclusive production of dielectron pairs, γγ → e + e − , is studied using $$ {\mathcal{L}}_{\textrm{int}} $$ L int = 1 . 72 nb − 1 of data from ultraperipheral collisions of lead nuclei at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 5 . 02 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The process of interest proceeds via photon–photon interactions in the strong electromagnetic fields of relativistic lead nuclei. Dielectron production is measured in the fiducial region defined by following requirements: electron transverse momentum $$ {p}_{\textrm{T}}^e $$ p T e 2 . 5 GeV, absolute electron pseudorapidity |η e | 2 . 5, dielectron invariant mass m ee 5 GeV, and dielectron transverse momentum $$ {p}_{\textrm{T}}^{ee} $$ p T ee 2 GeV. Differential cross-sections are measured as a function of m ee , average $$ {p}_{\textrm{T}}^e $$ p T e , absolute dielectron rapidity | y ee |, and scattering angle in the dielectron rest frame, |cos θ * |, in the inclusive s le, and also with a requirement of no activity in the forward direction. The total integrated fiducial cross-section is measured to be $$ 215\pm 1{\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)}_{-20}^{+23}\left(\textrm{syst}.\right)\pm 4\left(\textrm{lumi}.\right) $$ 215 ± 1 stat . − 20 + 23 syst . ± 4 lumi . μ b. Within experimental uncertainties the measured integrated cross-section is in good agreement with the QED predictions from the Monte Carlo programs S tarlight and S uper C hic , confirming the broad features of the initial photon fluxes. The differential cross-sections show systematic differences from these predictions which are more pronounced at high |y ee | and | cos θ * | values.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-06-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11579-8
Abstract: Cross-sections for the production of a Z boson in association with two photons are measured in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 recorded by the ATLAS experiment during Run 2 of the LHC. The measurements use the electron and muon decay channels of the Z boson, and a fiducial phase-space region where the photons are not radiated from the leptons. The integrated $$Z(\\rightarrow \\ell \\ell )\\gamma \\gamma $$ Z ( → ℓ ℓ ) γ γ cross-section is measured with a precision of 12% and differential cross-sections are measured as a function of six kinematic variables of the $$Z\\gamma \\gamma $$ Z γ γ system. The data are compared with predictions from MC event generators which are accurate to up to next-to-leading order in QCD. The cross-section measurements are used to set limits on the coupling strengths of dimension-8 operators in the framework of an effective field theory.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11583-Y
Abstract: A study of the charge conjugation and parity ( $$\\textit{CP}$$ CP ) properties of the interaction between the Higgs boson and $$\\tau $$ τ -leptons is presented. The study is based on a measurement of $$\\textit{CP}$$ CP -sensitive angular observables defined by the visible decay products of $$\\tau $$ τ -leptons produced in Higgs boson decays. The analysis uses 139 fb $$^{-1}$$ - 1 of proton–proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of $$\\sqrt{s}= 13$$ s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Contributions from $$\\textit{CP}$$ CP -violating interactions between the Higgs boson and $$\\tau $$ τ -leptons are described by a single mixing angle parameter $$\\phi _{\\tau }$$ ϕ τ in the generalised Yukawa interaction. Without constraining the $$H\\rightarrow \\tau \\tau $$ H → τ τ signal strength to its expected value under the Standard Model hypothesis, the mixing angle $$\\phi _{\\tau }$$ ϕ τ is measured to be $$9^{\\circ } \\pm 16^{\\circ }$$ 9 ∘ ± 16 ∘ , with an expected value of $$0^{\\circ } \\pm 28^{\\circ }$$ 0 ∘ ± 28 ∘ at the 68% confidence level. The pure $$\\textit{CP}$$ CP -odd hypothesis is disfavoured at a level of 3.4 standard deviations. The results are compatible with the predictions for the Higgs boson in the Standard Model.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2023
Abstract: This paper presents measurements of charged-hadron spectra obtained in pp , p +Pb, and Pb+Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ s or $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 5 . 02 TeV, and in Xe+Xe collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ s NN = 5 . 44 TeV. The data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC have total integrated luminosities of 25 pb − 1 , 28 nb − 1 , 0.50 nb − 1 , and 3 μ b − 1 , respectively. The nuclear modification factors R p Pb and R AA are obtained by comparing the spectra in heavy-ion and pp collisions in a wide range of charged-particle transverse momenta and pseudorapidity. The nuclear modification factor R p Pb shows a moderate enhancement above unity with a maximum at p T ≈ 3 GeV the enhancement is stronger in the Pb-going direction. The nuclear modification factors in both Pb+Pb and Xe+Xe collisions feature a significant, centrality-dependent suppression. They show a similar distinct p T -dependence with a local maximum at p T ≈ 2 GeV and a local minimum at p T ≈ 7 GeV. This dependence is more distinguishable in more central collisions. No significant | η |-dependence is found. A comprehensive comparison with several theoretical predictions is also provided. They typically describe R AA better in central collisions and in the p T range from about 10 to 100 GeV.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-06-2023
DOI: 10.1140/EPJC/S10052-023-11573-0
Abstract: This paper presents the observation of four-top-quark ( $$t\\bar{t}t\\bar{t}$$ t t ¯ t t ¯ ) production in proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The analysis is performed using an integrated luminosity of 140 $$\\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$ fb - 1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected using the ATLAS detector. Events containing two leptons with the same electric charge or at least three leptons (electrons or muons) are selected. Event kinematics are used to separate signal from background through a multivariate discriminant, and dedicated control regions are used to constrain the dominant backgrounds. The observed (expected) significance of the measured $$t\\bar{t}t\\bar{t}$$ t t ¯ t t ¯ signal with respect to the standard model (SM) background-only hypothesis is 6.1 (4.3) standard deviations. The $$t\\bar{t}t\\bar{t}$$ t t ¯ t t ¯ production cross section is measured to be $$22.5^{+6.6}_{-5.5}$$ 22 . 5 - 5.5 + 6.6 fb, consistent with the SM prediction of $$12.0 \\pm 2.4$$ 12.0 ± 2.4 fb within 1.8 standard deviations. Data are also used to set limits on the three-top-quark production cross section, being an irreducible background not measured previously, and to constrain the top-Higgs Yukawa coupling and effective field theory operator coefficients that affect $$t\\bar{t}t\\bar{t}$$ t t ¯ t t ¯ production.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-07-2023
Abstract: A search for the leptonic charge asymmetry ( $$ {A}_{\\textrm{c}}^{\\ell } $$ A c ℓ ) of top-quark-antiquark pair production in association with a W boson ( $$ t\\overline{t}W $$ t t ¯ W ) is presented. The search is performed using final states with exactly three charged light leptons (electrons or muons) and is based on $$ \\sqrt{s} $$ s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN during the years 2015–2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . A profile-likelihood fit to the event yields in multiple regions corresponding to positive and negative differences between the pseudorapidities of the charged leptons from top-quark and top-antiquark decays is used to extract the charge asymmetry. At reconstruction level, the asymmetry is found to be −0 . 12 ± 0 . 14 (stat.) ± 0 . 05 (syst.). An unfolding procedure is applied to convert the result at reconstruction level into a charge-asymmetry value in a fiducial volume at particle level with the result of −0 . 11 ± 0 . 17 (stat.) ± 0 . 05 (syst.). The Standard Model expectations for these two observables are calculated using Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order plus parton shower precision in quantum chromodynamics and including next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. They are $$ -{0.084}_{-0.003}^{+0.005} $$ − 0.084 − 0.003 + 0.005 (scale) ± 0 . 006 (MC stat.) and $$ -{0.063}_{-0.004}^{+0.007} $$ − 0.063 − 0.004 + 0.007 (scale) ± 0 . 004 (MC stat.) respectively, and in agreement with the measurements.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S11192-023-04709-2
Abstract: This paper aimed to determine if papers published with a Graphical abstract (GA) in the sport science field were associated with higher Altmetric attention scores and more citations than papers published without. A multivariate negative binomial mixed effects model was used to determine whether Altmetric attention scores and citation counts were different between articles published with or without a GA longitudinally over five timepoints. Included articles were published between January 2019 and December 2020 from three journals ranked within the top quartile of the category of “Sport Science”. Of 562 articles, 96 were published with a GA. Articles with GA were associated with higher Altmetric attention score than those without (incidence rate ratio 1.89 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–2.85] p = 0.003 small effect), with no difference in citations (incidence rate ratio 0.97 [95% CI 0.72–1.30] p = 0.829 trivial effect). This study suggests that publishing with a GA is associated with increased Altmetric attention scores, but not citations, in sport science. This may indicate that GAs improve research dissemination amongst the public, which is important in practical fields.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S00421-023-05210-7
Abstract: To investigate the efficacy of using Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) to prescribe and regulate a 4-week handcycle training intervention. Thirty active adults, untrained in upper body endurance exercise, were ided into three groups to complete a 4-week intervention: (i) RPE-guided training (n = 10 2 female), (ii) power output (PO)-guided (n = 10 2 female) training, or (iii) non-training control (n = 10 4 female). Training groups performed three sessions of handcycling each week. Oxygen uptake ( $${\\dot{\\text{V}}}O_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 ), heart rate (HR), and Feeling Scale (FS) rating were collected during training sessions. RPE-guided training was performed at RPE 13. PO-guided training was matched for percentage of peak PO per session, based upon that achieved by the RPE-guided training group. There were no differences in percentage of peak $$\\dot{V}O_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 (66 ± 13% vs 61 ± 9%, p = 0.22), peak HR (75 ± 8% vs 71 ± 6%, p = 0.11) or FS rating (1.2 ± 1.9 vs 0.8 ± 1.6, p = 0.48) between RPE- and PO-guided training, respectively. The average coefficient of variation in percentage of peak HR between consecutive training sessions was 2.8% during RPE-guided training, and 3.4% during PO-guided training. Moderate-vigorous intensity handcycling exercise can be prescribed effectively using RPE across a chronic training intervention, suggesting utility for practitioners in a variety of rehabilitation settings.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-09-2019
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1665234
Abstract: The aim of this trial was to compare an eight-week in idual movement quality versus traditional resistance training intervention on movement quality and physical performance. Forty-six trained adults were randomised to a movement quality-focused training (MQ) or a traditional resistance training (TRAD) group, and performed two in idualised training sessions per week, for 8 weeks. Session-RPE (sRPE) was obtained from each session. Measures of movement quality (MovementSCREEN and Functional Movement Screen (FMS)) and physical performance were performed pre- and post-intervention. All measures improved significantly in both groups (3-14.5%, p = <0.005). The between-group difference in MovementSCREEN composite score was not statistically significant (0.3, 95% CI -3.4, 4.1, p = 0.852). However, change in FMS composite was significantly greater in MQ (1.3, 95% CI 0.8, 1.8, p < 0.001). There were no significant between-group differences in physical performance (p = 0.060-0.960). The mean sRPE was significantly lower in MQ (5.25, SD 1.2) compared to TRAD (6.6 SD 1.0, p = <0.001). Thus, although movement quality scores were not distinctly greater in the MQ group, a movement quality specific intervention caused comparable improvements in physical performance compared to traditional resistance training but at lower perceived training intensity.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-06-2023
Abstract: A measurement of single top-quark production in the s-channel is performed in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb − 1 . The analysis is performed on events with an electron or muon, missing transverse momentum and exactly two b -tagged jets in the final state. A discriminant based on matrix element calculations is used to separate single-top-quark s-channel events from the main background contributions, which are top-quark pair production and W -boson production in association with jets. The observed (expected) signal significance over the background-only hypothesis is 3.3 (3.9) standard deviations, and the measured cross-section is $$ \\sigma ={8.2}_{-2.9}^{+3.5} $$ σ = 8.2 − 2.9 + 3.5 pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of $$ {\\sigma}^{\\textrm{SM}}={10.32}_{-0.36}^{+0.40} $$ σ SM = 10.32 − 0.36 + 0.40 pb.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-06-2019
DOI: 10.1093/AOB/MCZ100
Abstract: Strigolactones (SLs) are a erse class of butenolide-bearing phytohormones derived from the catabolism of carotenoids. They are associated with an increasing number of emerging regulatory roles in plant growth and development, including seed germination, root and shoot architecture patterning, nutrient acquisition, symbiotic and parasitic interactions, as well as mediation of plant responses to abiotic and biotic cues. Here, we provide a concise overview of SL biosynthesis, signal transduction pathways and SL-mediated plant responses with a detailed discourse on the crosstalk(s) that exist between SLs/components of SL signalling and other phytohormones such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonates and salicylic acid. SLs elicit their control on physiological and morphological processes via a direct or indirect influence on the activities of other hormones and/or integrants of signalling cascades of other growth regulators. These, among many others, include modulation of hormone content, transport and distribution within plant tissues, interference with or complete dependence on downstream signal components of other phytohormones, as well as acting synergistically or antagonistically with other hormones to elicit plant responses. Although much has been done to evince the effects of SL interactions with other hormones at the cell and whole plant levels, research attention must be channelled towards elucidating the precise molecular events that underlie these processes. More especially in the case of abscisic acid, cytokinins, gibberellin, jasmonates and salicylic acid for which very little has been reported about their hormonal crosstalk with SLs.
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 03-09-2018
No related grants have been discovered for Hunter Bennett.