ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0332-8047
Current Organisation
University of Melbourne
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-09-2023
DOI: 10.1111/AJR.12922
Abstract: An important service system for rural parents experiencing complex trauma is primary health care. To investigate workforce knowledge, attitudes and practices, and barriers and enablers to trauma-informed care in rural primary health care. This study used a descriptive, cross-sectional design. It involved an on-line survey conducted in 2021 in rural Victoria, Australia. Participants were the primary health care workforce. The main outcome measures were study-developed and included, a 21-item Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices tool, a 16-item Barriers and Enablers to Trauma-Informed Care Implementation tool, and three open-ended questions. The 63 respondents were from community health (n = 40, 63%) and child and family services (n = 23, 37%). Many (n = 43, 78%) reported undertaking trauma-informed care training at some point in their career with 32% (n = 20) during higher education. Respondents self-rated their knowledge, attitudes and practices positively. Perceived enablers were mainly positioned within the service (e.g. workforce motivation and organisational supports) and perceived barriers were largely external structural factors (e.g. availability of universal referral pathways, therapeutic-specific services). Open-ended comments were grouped into four themes: (1) Recognition and understanding (2) Access factors (3) Multidisciplinary and collaborative approaches and (4) Strengths-based and outcome-focused approaches. Primary health care is an important driver of population health and well-being and critical in rural contexts. Our findings suggest this sector needs a rural trauma-informed care implementation strategy to address structural barriers. This also requires policy and system development. Long-term investment in the rural workforce and primary care service settings is essential to integrate trauma-informed care.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-07-2023
DOI: 10.1111/AJR.13019
Abstract: Predicted effects on children from the COVID‐19 pandemic include poorer mental health and increased behavioural and developmental concerns. Rural children are at higher risk due to socio‐economic factors, isolation and reduced access to services. Investigation by health services into the physical, social and emotional needs of children in rural areas is critical to inform local health promotion planning, service delivery priorities and workforce capacity building. Located in a Modified Monash Model category 5, our northern Victorian health service undertook a child‐focused needs assessment in order to be strategically responsive to community issues. The project utilised a quantitative community profiling approach and qualitative interviews with a purposive s le ( n = 17) of multidisciplinary professionals. Three main themes emerged: (1) Perpetual navigation of rural access limitations highlighted professionals' exhaustion in working in environments with ongoing unmet needs. (2) Cycles of disadvantage and early intervention gaps identified flow‐on negative effects, with concerning trends in poorer child outcomes. (3) Solutions through collaboration grouped ideas to improve support for children. Community‐level enablement strategies could increase contact with allied health professionals for rural children and reduce reliance on in idualised treatment approaches. One collaborative action is to pilot and evaluate allied health student placement models to deliver group programs for rural children.
Publisher: Sciedu Press
Date: 22-04-2021
DOI: 10.5430/JNEP.V11N9P1
Abstract: Background and objective: By adopting a trauma-informed approach to care at the organisational and clinical levels, health care systems and providers can enhance the quality of care that they deliver and improve health outcomes for in iduals with a trauma history. This study aimed to explore the trauma-related knowledge, attitudes awareness, practice, competence and confidence of health service staff from three small rural health services in Victoria, Australia, and examine their self-reported capacity to respond to clients with a trauma history.Methods: Staff from each site were invited to complete a paper-based survey. The survey included demographic information and questions related to knowledge and understanding of trauma, experience of trauma-informed care and confidence engaging in, and perceived importance of, trauma-informed practices. Results: The respondents were predominately nurses. Results showed that 16% of respondents had undertaken training in trauma-informed care and 44% disagreed that they had an understanding of trauma-informed practices. There were high levels of agreement for statements related to knowledge and understanding of trauma and low levels of agreement with statements related to experience of trauma-informed care. More than 70% of respondents reported that they had little knowledge of the principals of trauma-informed care, and little experiencing with practicing trauma-informed care.Discussion and conclusions: Overall, the survey results showed that staff were trauma-aware, but supported the need for more education and training in trauma-informed practices and improved organisational approaches to support trauma-informed approaches. It is important for organisations to shift from being trauma aware to being trauma-informed, by building foundational awareness of these practices and reinforcement through continuing education.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.WOMBI.2021.12.005
Abstract: Support is important for all parents but critical for those experiencing complex trauma. The The Healing the Past by Nurturing the Future project uses participatory action research to co-design effective perinatal support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents. This research aims to identify and refine culturally appropriate support strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents experiencing complex trauma. We presented our synthesised eight parent support goals and 60 strategies, collated from Elder and parent focus groups, previous participatory workshops, and evidence reviews, for discussion at a stakeholder workshop. Stakeholder perspectives were captured using a three-point agreement activity and, self- and scribe-recorded comments. Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal researchers analysised the qualitative data, to identify core factors which might facilitate or help enact the parenting related goals. Overall, stakeholders (n = 37) strongly endorsed all eight goals. Workshop attendees (57% Aboriginal) represented multiple stakeholder roles including Elder, parent and service provider. Four core factors were identified as crucial for supporting parents to heal from complex trauma: Culture (cultural traditions, practices and strengths), Relationality (family, in idual, community and services), Safety (frameworks, choice and control) and Timing (the right time socio-emotionally and stage of parenting). Context-specific support tailored to the Culture, Relationality, Safety, and Timing needs of parents is essential. These four factors are important elements to help enact or facilitate parenting support strategies. Further work is now required to develop practical resources for parents, and to implement and evaluate these strategies in perinatal care to address cumulative and compounding cycles of intergenerational trauma.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-11-2014
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12158
Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the levels of stress, anxiety and depression of informal carers caring for someone with dementia in a rural setting. Carers of people with dementia were recruited to complete a survey that incorporated the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) to measure carer emotional well-being. The survey also included the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q), which assesses the presence and severity of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) of care recipients and their effects on the carer. A total of 39 carers completed surveys. Almost half of the respondents reported levels of stress and depression in the moderate to severe range as measured on the DASS. BPSD exhibited by care recipients, such as agitation, anxiety, aggression and nocturnal disturbance, were associated with the level of stress reported by the carer as measured with the NPI-Q. Caring for care recipients who exhibit BPSD predisposes carers in rural areas to high levels of stress and depression. Regular, periodic screening of carers is required to detect abnormal levels of stress, depression and anxiety in order to enable timely introduction of interventions.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1071/PY14079
Abstract: Adolescent violence in the home (AVITH) is increasing. In Victoria alone, police call-out data indicates a consistent 9% rise per annum from 2006. Community services are struggling to provide a cohesive response to this issue. This study examined the prevalence, risk factors and service system capacity regarding AVITH in Mitchell Shire, a geographical location in central Victoria. The results of the study revealed that specific funding was perceived by organisations to be the single highest need in regards to this phenomenon. Recommendations for the service system in Mitchell Shire included a collaborative approach to establish assessment guidelines, referral pathways and protocols for responding to the disclosure of AVITH. To effectively support workers in Mitchell Shire, a quality service system response would involve the development of common standards of practices across these processes. The methodology used with the AVITH Service System Capacity Assessment Survey, specifically developed for this study, may provide a useful tool for other locations investigating service gaps and needs in relation to adolescent family violence.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-12-2021
Abstract: Monitoring is largely ignored in its capacity to provide a distinct contribution to evaluation. It is often thought of as a process of collecting data to feed into an evaluation, rather than for its own powerful transformative potential. Evaluation is considered a mechanism for producing findings that enable learning, improvement and decision-making but what if monitoring could produce these same outcomes with, in some cases, greater alignment to quality characteristics of utility, timeliness, feasibility, propriety, accuracy, completeness and monitoring accountability? This article examines the utilisation and value of monitoring through a case study of a government funded 12-month rural health project in Victoria, Australia. The project initially commissioned a baseline to assess against post-project outcomes. However, adopting a utilisation-focused perspective to prepare for use and support stakeholder engagement enabled implementation of a multipurpose monitoring framework. The case study provides ex les of monitoring in action with timely learning, decision-making and improvements resulting in incremental system and behaviour changes, rather than relying on periodic outcome recommendations at evaluation completion. This article adds to evaluation theory and practice through highlighting monitoring as a significant mechanism for enabling learning, decision-making, and improvement.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-06-2013
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12046
Abstract: To investigate the positive and negative aspects of family caregiving in two settings: community and aged care facility. Postal questionnaires included the short Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and a scale developed for this study: Positive Aspects of Caring Scale (PACS). Analysis of responses of 90 carers showed high burden levels, with no difference between care settings. Carers of an older person with a cognitive condition showed higher burden. There was no association between carer burden and positive attitudes. Carers in community settings recorded lower levels of positive attitudes. The two measures (ZBI and PACS) may be a useful clinical tool to provide a balanced assessment of carers' experiences. The high burden found in both carer groups indicates the need for greater awareness, and improved support for carers, across the care continuum, from home to aged care facility.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-07-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-11-2014
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12162
Abstract: To explore the use of community and dementia-specific services by informal carers caring for someone with dementia in a rural setting. Carers of people with dementia were recruited through a variety of rural community services and invited to complete a survey related to the utilisation of community services. A total of 39 carers completed surveys. Despite 84% reporting use of the Aged Care Assessment Service and 61% reporting provision of printed information on the services available, less than half of the carers utilised commonly available support services. Only 46% received financial compensation for their carer role. Rural carers of care recipients with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia underutilise community services. Services that may assist with carer stress and depression and services that provide advice on the management of distressing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia were utilised by less than half of the carers surveyed.
Publisher: Rural and Remote Health
Date: 26-11-2019
DOI: 10.22605/RRH5524
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1186/S12960-019-0415-Z
Abstract: There are staff shortages nation-wide in residential aged care, which is only predicted to grow as the population ages in Australia. The aged care staff shortage is compounded in rural and remote areas where the health service workforce overall experiences difficulties in recruitment and retention. There is evidence that nurse practitioners fill important service gaps in aged care and rural health care but also evidence that barriers exist in introducing this extended practice role. In 2018, 58 medical and direct care staff participated in interviews and focus groups about the implementation of an older person’s nurse practitioner (OPNP) in aged care. All 58 interviewees had previously or currently worked in an aged care setting where the OPNP delivered services. The interviews were analysed using May’s implementation theory framework to better understand staff perceptions of barriers and enablers when an OPNP was introduced to the workplace. The major perceived barrier to capacity of implementing the OPNP was a lack of material resources, namely funding of the role given the OPNP’s limited ability to self-fund through access to the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS). Staff perceived that benefits included timely access to care for residents, hospital avoidance and improved resident health outcomes. Despite staff perceptions of more timely access to care for residents and improved outcomes, widespread implementation of the OPNP role may be h ered by a poor understanding of the role of an OPNP and the legislative requirement for a collaborative arrangement with a medical practitioner as well as limited access to the MBS. This study was not a registered trial.
No related grants have been discovered for Carol Joy Reid.