ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9958-2383
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-11-2018
DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1390626
Abstract: 1. Alterations in the activity of hepatic cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes result in changes in the pharmacokinetic behavior of drugs. This study was designed to explore the impact of type II diabetes, metformin and cinnamon on the activity of CYP2D isoenzyme. 2. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic and normal rats were gavaged by cinnamon and/or metformin for 14 days. Using isolated perfusion of rat livers, the metabolic activity of CYP2D in the study groups was evaluated based on the oxidative biotransformation of tramadol hydrochloride. 3. The metabolic ratios of O-desmethyltramadol, the product of CYP2D-mediated metabolism of tramadol, in normal and diabetic control rats were found to be 0.33 ± 0.12 and 0.29 ± 0.07, respectively. Cinnamon significantly reduced the mentioned ratio in both normal and diabetic rats (0.13 ± 0.05 and 0.15 ± 0.04) and metformin increased the reduced activity in diabetic rats (0.37 ± 0.09 versus 0.29 ± 0.07). 4. In conclusion, it is evident that this study has shown the significant inhibitory effect of cinnamon on CYP2D. This finding suggests that it should be taken into consideration the possible metabolism-related pharmacokinetic drug-cinnamon interactions. 5. Additionally, type 2 diabetes condition reduced the enzyme activity and metformin consumption reversed this reduction however, the significance of the latest is not clear.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-05-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S00415-019-09366-1
Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metformin is reported to have pleiotropic neuroprotective effects through anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-ischemic activity, and improvements in vascular hemodynamics and endothelial function. The aim of this study is to examine the efficacy and safety of metformin therapy in severe TBI patients. This single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial enrolled adult TBI patients. Of 158 trauma patients assessed, 30 met the eligibility criteria and were randomly allocated in a one-to-one ratio to receive 1 g metformin every 12 h for five consecutive days (intervention group) or to usual management only (control group). For efficacy analysis, temporal profiles of serum levels of S100b, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were assessed. For pharmacokinetic analysis, serum concentrations of metformin were evaluated in the intervention group. The two study groups were similar in terms of demographics, baseline clinical characteristics, and on-admission biomarkers' serum levels. Longitudinal analysis of S100b and NLR levels showed statistically significant declines in values toward normal levels in the intervention group (p values of < 0.001 and 0.030, respectively), different from the profiles of the control group (p values of 0.074 and 0.645, respectively). Pharmacokinetic analysis demonstrated that metformin absorption is delayed in TBI patients. No events of hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis occurred. Metformin could potentially be an effective and safe therapeutic intervention in patients with severe TBI. Large-scale, multicentre studies are needed to confirm our encouraging results.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-04-2021
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 29-04-2021
DOI: 10.1155/2021/5535562
Abstract: Purpose. Sepsis originates from the host inflammatory response, especially to bacterial infections, and is considered one of the main causes of death in intensive care units. Various agents have been developed to inhibit mediators of the inflammatory response one prospective agent is β-sitosterol (βS), a phytosterol with a structure similar to cholesterol. This study is aimed at evaluating the effects of βS on the biomarkers of inflammation and liver function in cecal ligation and puncture- (CLP-) induced septic rats. Methods. Thirty male Wistar rats were ided equally into six groups as follows: sham, CLP, CLP+dexamethasone (DX, 0.2 mg/kg), CLP+βS (1 mg/kg), CLP+imipenem (IMI, 20 mg/kg), and CLP+IMI (20 mg/kg)+βS (1 mg/kg). Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, AST, ALT, and liver glutathione (GSH) were assessed by ELISA. Liver expression levels of TNF-α and NF-κBi mRNAs were evaluated by RT-qPCR. Results. Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, ALT, and AST and mRNA levels of TNF-α and NF-κBi were all significantly higher in septic rats than in normal rats ( p 0.05 ). Liver GSH content was markedly lower in the CLP group than that in the sham group. βS-treated rats had remarkably lower levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, NF-κBi, AST, and ALT (51.79%, 62.63%, 41.46%, 54.35%, 94.37%, 95.30%, 34.87%, and 46.53% lower, respectively) and greater liver GSH content (35.71% greater) compared to the CLP group ( p 0.05 ). Conclusion. βS may play a protective role in the septic process by mitigating inflammation. This effect is at least partly mediated by inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, βS can be considered as a supplementary treatment in septic patients.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-05-2022
DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2078700
Abstract: Performing an updated meta-analysis to compare the safety and efficacy of insulin glargine and insulin detemir in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Electronic databases were searched up to 18 August 2021. A random-effects model was applied to pool data from included studies to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMDs) for the continuous variables and relative risks (RRs) for the dichotomous variable. Nine studies compared insulin detemir and insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes and three studies in patients with type 1 diabetes. The pooled SMD of weight gain was -0.59 (95% CI -1.05 to -0.14 P=0.01 I It was found that there is no clinically considerable difference between the impacts of insulin detemir and insulin glargine in diabetic patients. The only statistically significant differences were less weight gain in type 2 diabetes and fewer episodes of severe hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes with insulin detemir.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
No related grants have been discovered for Ali Taheri.