ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1480-9869
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.PLEFA.2015.01.001
Abstract: This paper presents a systematic review of human studies investigating the effect of altering dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-6 PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) intakes on n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) status in adult humans. The results suggest that it is possible to increase n-3 LCPUFA status by reducing LA and/or increasing ALA intake in humans, although decreasing LA intake to below 2.5%E may be required to specifically increase levels of the n-3 LCPUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The majority of studies in this area to date have been relatively poor in quality, which limits the ability to draw robust conclusions, and we present a series of recommendations to improve the quality of future studies in fatty acid nutrition in humans.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 28-07-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-2017
DOI: 10.2527/JAS2017.1752
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.PLEFA.2019.102037
Abstract: Omega-3 DHA is important for the prevention of preterm birth, however there is limited knowledge of the determinants of omega-3 status during pregnancy. The primary objective of this systematic review was to synthesise data from existing studies assessing relationships between sociodemographic, diet, lifestyle and genetic factors and maternal DHA status. The Medline, Embase, Amed, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies reporting measures of maternal omega-3 status and a sociodemographic/lifestyle/genetic characteristic. Twenty-two studies were included in the final analyses. Higher dietary fish consumption/PUFA intake, higher education level and an older maternal age were associated with higher maternal omega-3 status. Higher alcohol intake, smoking and FADS genotype were each associated with lower maternal omega-3 status. Differences in findings between studies make it difficult to draw clear conclusions about the relationship between these factors and maternal omega-3 DHA status, although socioeconomic status may play a role.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-02-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-08-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NU14193914
Abstract: Infertility is a global health concern affecting 48 million couples and 186 million in iduals worldwide. Infertility creates a significant economic and social burden for couples who wish to conceive and has been associated with suboptimal lifestyle factors, including poor diet and physical inactivity. Modifying preconception nutrition to better adhere with Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) is a non-invasive and potentially effective means for improving fertility outcomes. While several dietary patterns have been associated with fertility outcomes, the mechanistic links between diet and infertility remain unclear. A key mechanism outlined in the literature relates to the adverse effects of inflammation on fertility, potentially contributing to irregular menstrual cyclicity, implantation failure, and other negative reproductive sequelae. Therefore, dietary interventions which act to reduce inflammation may improve fertility outcomes. This review consistently shows that adherence to anti-inflammatory diets such as the Mediterranean diet (specifically, increased intake of monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, flavonoids, and reduced intake of red and processed meat) improves fertility, assisted reproductive technology (ART) success, and sperm quality in men. Therefore, integration of anti-inflammatory dietary patterns as low-risk adjunctive fertility treatments may improve fertility partially or fully and reduce the need for prolonged or intensive pharmacological or surgical interventions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-09-2022
DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS202111.0437.V2
Abstract: Background: Students in the United States gain weight significantly during their first year of university, however limited data are available for Australian students. Methods: This 12-month observational study was conducted to monitor monthly body weight and composition, as well as quarterly eating behaviours, dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and basal metabolic rate changes amongst first-year Australian university students. Participants were first-year university students over 18 years. Results: Twenty-two first-year university students (5 males and 17 females) completed the study. Female students gained weight significantly at two, three, and four-months (+0.9 kg +1.5 kg +1.1 kg, p & .05). Female waist circumference (2.5 cm increase at three-months, p = 0.012), and body fat also increased (+0.9%, p = 0.026 at three-months). Intakes of sugar, saturated fat (both & % of total energy), and sodium exceeded recommended levels (& mg) at 12-months. Greater sedentary behaviours were observed amongst male students throughout the study (p & .05). Conclusions: Female students are at risk of unfavourable changes in body composition during the first year of university, while males are at risk of increased sedentary behaviours. High intakes of saturated fat, sugars, and sodium warrant future interventions in such a vulnerable group.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 31-03-2022
Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition in reproductive-aged women associated with metabolic, reproductive and psychological features. Lifestyle modification (diet hysical activity) is considered first-line treatment for PCOS. However, there is limited high-quality evidence to support therapeutic dietary interventions for PCOS beyond general population-based healthy eating guidelines. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), with or without energy restriction, improves cardiometabolic health in populations including persons with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, there is limited research examining the MedDiet in PCOS. Therefore, this 12 week randomized controlled trial will investigate the efficacy of a MedDiet on cardiometabolic and hormonal parameters and explore its acceptability and feasibility in PCOS. Forty-two overweight and obese women with PCOS (aged 18–45 years) will be randomized to receive dietary advice consistent with Australian Dietary Guidelines or an ad libitum MedDiet intervention. All participants will receive fortnightly counselling to facilitate behaviour change. The primary outcomes will be changes in insulin resistance, glucose, total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. Secondary outcomes include changes in body weight and feasibility and acceptability of the MedDiet intervention. The results of this study will provide further evidence on specific dietary approaches for management of PCOS.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-12-2020
Abstract: The transferability of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in non-Mediterranean populations is appealing. However, little is known about the perceived enablers or barriers toward adherence, particularly in Australia. This study aimed to investigate the perceived beliefs, barriers, and enablers toward adherence to a MedDiet in Australian adults. Barriers and enablers were assessed using a self-administered online questionnaire, which included questions aligned with the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The survey was completed by n = 606 participants. Barriers and enablers toward adherence to MedDiet were grouped under the three core constructs of the TPB: attitudes (suitability, taste, restrictive, food waste) social norms (food culture) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) (motivation, affordability, time/effort, food access, knowledge, food outlets, natural conditions, cooking skills). PBC emerged as the most prominent construct influencing intention to follow a MedDiet. Perceived health benefits (n = 445 76.5%) and improved diet quality (n = 224 38.5%) were identified as major advantages. In contrast, dietary adherence (n = 147 39.7%) was perceived as an important disadvantage. Future MedDiet interventions, in both research and clinical settings, should consider adopting strategies aimed at improving self-efficacy to reduce self-perceived barriers and facilitate dietary adherence.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-11-2021
DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS202111.0437.V1
Abstract: Background: Students in the United States gain weight significantly during their first year of university, but limited data is available for Australian students. Methods: This 12-month observational study was conducA 12-Month Prospective Observational Study of Body Weight, Dietary Intake, and Physical Activity Levels in Australian First-Year University Studentsted to monitor monthly body weight and body composition, as well as quarterly eating behaviours, dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and basal metabolic rate changes amongst first-year Australian university students. Participants were first-year university students over 18 years. Results: Twenty-two first-year university students (5 males, 17 females) completed the study. Female students gained weight significantly at two, three and four-months (+0.9 kg +1.5kg +1.1 kg, p & .05). Female waist circumference (2.5cm increase at two-months, p=0.012) and body fat also increased (+0.7%, p=0.04 at two-months +0.9%, p=0.026 at three-months). Intake of sugar, saturated fat (both & % of total energy) and sodium exceeded recommended levels (& mg) at 12-months. Greater sedentary behaviours were observed amongst male students throughout the study (p & .05). Conclusions: Female students are at risk of unfavourable changes in body composition during the first year of university, while males are at risk of increased sedentary behaviours. High intakes of saturated fat, sugars and sodium warrant future interventions in such a vulnerable group.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-11-2003
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-09-2018
Abstract: We are living in an age of concern for mental health and wellbeing. The objective of the research presented in this paper is to investigate the perceived health, social value and happiness benefits of urban agriculture (UA) by focusing on home and community food gardens in South Australia. The results reported in this paper are from “Edible Gardens”, a citizen science project designed to investigate the social value, productivity and resource efficiency of UA in South Australia. Methods include an online survey and in-field garden data collection. Key findings include: dominant home gardener motivations were the produce, enjoyment, and health, while dominant community gardener motivations were enjoyment, connection to others and the produce. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four key factors: Tranquillity and Timeout, Develop and Learn Skills, the Produce, and Social Connection. The key difference between home and community gardeners was an overall social connection. Although home gardeners did not appear to actively value or desire inter-household social connection, this does not mean they do not value or participate in other avenues of social connection, such as via social learning sources or by sharing food with others. The combined results from this research regarding health and wellbeing, social connection and happiness support the premise that engagement in home or community food gardening may provide a preventative or supportive role for gardener health and wellbeing, regardless of whether it is a conscious motivation for participation.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 31-03-2023
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114523000648
Abstract: Sports foods are convenient alternatives to everyday foods to fuel performance. Strong scientific evidence supports their use however, commercial sports foods are classified by the NOVA system as ultra-processed foods (UPF). Consumption of UPF has been associated with poor mental and physical health, but little is known about athletes’ consumption of and attitudes towards sports foods as a source of UPF. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess Australian athletes’ intake of and attitudes towards sports foods and UPF. Adult athletes were recruited to complete an anonymous online survey via social media between October 2021 and February 2022. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s χ 2 test was used to assess potential relationships between categorical demographic variables and consumption of sports foods. One hundred forty Australian adults participating in recreational ( n 55), local/regional ( n 52), state ( n 11), national ( n 14) or international ( n 9) sports completed the survey. Ninety-five percent reported consuming sports foods within the past 12 months. Participants consumed sports drinks most commonly (73 %) and isolated protein supplements most frequently (40 % at least once per week). Participants reported everyday foods to be more affordable, taste better, present less risk of banned substances, but less convenient and greater risk of spoilage. Half (51 %) of participants reported concern about health effects of UPF. Participants reported regular UPF consumption despite taste and cost-related preferences for everyday foods and health concerns regarding UPF intake. Athletes may need support to identify and access safe, affordable, convenient, minimally processed alternatives to sports foods.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.PLEFA.2021.102387
Abstract: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is described as a plant-based dietary pattern with adherence associated with reductions in chronic disease risk and longevity. Although the nutrient profile is erse and complex, the MedDiet is often described as a rich source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from fish, seafood and nuts. However, whether MedDiet adherence results in appreciable increases in tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs is yet to be systematically investigated. This systematic review synthesized the literature to determine the impact of the MedDiet on n-3 PUFA tissue levels. Medline, Embase, Amed, and CINAHL databases were searched for studies reporting on adherence to a MedDiet and tissue levels of n-3 PUFAs. PROSPERO registration number is CRD 42020162114. Twenty-two studies were included. Seven were observational studies and 15 were randomised controlled trials (RCTs). All observational studies reported a positive relationship between adherence and higher tissue n-3 PUFA levels. Two-thirds (10/15) of RCTs reported significant increases in n-3 PUFA concentrations. MedDiet adherence is associated with higher tissue levels of n-3 PUFA. However, we report heterogeneity in the description across all MedDiet interventions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.PLEFA.2017.09.013
Abstract: Animal studies have suggested that an increased supply of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), in particular docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), during the perinatal period can prevent later excess body fat mass. However, previous human studies have produced inconsistent findings, and few have assessed potential effects beyond 6 years of age. To evaluate the effect of supplementing women in the second half of pregnancy with omega-3 LCPUFA, chiefly as DHA, on the percentage body fat of children at 7 years of age, as assessed by two methods: air displacement plethysmography (BOD POD) and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). A time-restricted follow up at 7 years of age of children born to mothers enrolled in DOMInO (DHA to Optimise Maternal Infant Outcome) randomized controlled trial, in which women took either high-DHA tuna oil (800mg/day DHA) or placebo capsules from 20 weeks' gestation to delivery, at Adelaide-based centers. Primary outcomes were the percentage body fat at 7 years of age as assessed by both BOD POD and BIS. Weight, height, waist/hip circumferences and BMI were also recorded. A total of 252 DOMInO children (n=135 males, n=117 females) completed the follow up study. There were no differences between the DHA and placebo groups in percentage body fat as assessed by either BOD POD [adjusted mean difference: -0.35, 95% CI: -1.46, 2.16 P=0.71] or BIS [adjusted mean difference: 0.64, 95% CI: -0.99, 2.27 P=0.44]. BMI z-scores were also similar between groups [adjusted mean difference: 0.18, 95% CI: -0.10, 0.45 P=0.21]. There were also no differences in height, weight or waist and hip circumference between the DHA and placebo groups at 7 years of age. DHA supplementation in the second half of pregnancy has no effect on childhood growth or fat mass at 7 years of age, supporting findings from follow ups of the DOMInO children at 3 and 5 years.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 05-03-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.04.977082
Abstract: Modifications of the endometrial transcriptome at day 7 of the estrus cycle are crucial to maintain gestation after transfer of in-vitro produced (IVP) embryos. The aim of this study was to identify genes, and their related biological mechanisms, in the endometria of recipient lactating dairy cows that become pregnant in the subsequent estrus cycle upon transfer of IVP embryos. Endometrial biopsies were taken from lactating Holstein Friesian cows on day 6-8 of the estrus cycle followed by embryo transfer in the following cycle. Animals were classified retrospectively as pregnant (PR, n=8) or non-pregnant (non-PR, n=11) cows, according to pregnancy status at 26-47 days. Extracted mRNAs from endometrial s les were sequenced with an Illumina platform to determine differentially expressed genes (DEG) between the endometrial transcriptome from PR and non-PR cows. There were 111 DEG (FDR .05), which were mainly related to extracellular matrix interaction, histotroph metabolic composition, prostaglandin synthesis, TGF-β signaling as well as inflammation and leukocyte activation. Comparison of these DEG with DEG identified in two public external datasets confirmed the more fertile endometrial molecular profile of PR cows. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the key early endometrial mechanisms for pregnancy establishment, after IVP embryo transfer in dairy cows.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1002/MRD.22771
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-06-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-018-1757-3
Abstract: Adherence to Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is associated with the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, in intervention studies, there is discordance in the interpretation of a MedDiet. The purpose of this paper was to examine, synthesize, and develop a narrative review, exploring the qualitative differences in the interpretation of a modernized MedDiet prescribed as an intervention in clinical trials for the management of T2DM, and how closely this aligns with a traditional MedDiet. The 'traditional' MedDiet is often described as a dietary pattern high in unprocessed plant foods (fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, wholegrain cereals, and olive oil) moderate consumption of wine low moderate in fish/shellfish and an infrequent consumption of red meat, animal fats, vegetable oils, and processed foods. Synthesis of the reviewed literature demonstrates considerable variation in the qualitative interpretation of a MedDiet. We also identified inadequate reporting of MedDiet interventions, despite a number of studies referring to their intervention as a 'traditional' MedDiet. The majority of studies emphasized the same key dietary components and principles: an increased intake of vegetables, wholegrains, and the preferential consumption of white meat in substitute of red and processed meat and abundant use of olive oil. However, the reporting of specific dietary recommendations for fruit, legumes, nuts, bread, red wine, and fermentable dairy products were less consistent or not reported. Irrespective of the discordance in the interpretation of a MedDiet, a number of studies included in the present review reported improved glycaemic control and favorable cardiovascular outcomes with adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet. Nevertheless, greater clarity and depth of reporting amongst intervention studies is warranted for the refinement of a modernized MedDiet definition that is distinct from a prudent dietary pattern.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1994
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3476(06)80736-5
Abstract: Commercial infant formulas with a ratio of linoleic acid (LA) to alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) of 10:1 or higher are nutritionally inadequate the tissue levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are lower and the visual function indices are reduced in infants who are fed these formulas. All the evidence points to using LA:ALA ratios of less than 8:1, but there has been only one study in infants that used formulas with reduced LA:ALA ratios, and only biochemical indices were monitored. There is a need for both short-term studies to establish the ratios of LA to ALA that will make possible the accumulation of DHA to levels close to those in breast-fed infants and long-term trials to determine the effects of such fat blends on growth and development.
Publisher: Colegio Brasileiro de Reproducao Animal - CBRA
Date: 2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: Colegio Brasileiro de Reproducao Animal - CBRA
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-04-2018
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 13-03-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-05-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-10-2019
DOI: 10.3390/NU11102507
Abstract: A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been widely investigated and promoted as one of the ‘healthiest’ dietary patterns with respect to reductions in chronic disease risk and longevity. Moreover, it also emphasizes a plant-based dietary pattern consistent with an environmentally sustainable healthy reference diet conveyed by the EAT-Lancet Commission report. Nevertheless, the MedDiet does not exclude, but rather moderates consumption of animal-based foods, and therefore has emerged as a dietary pattern that could address both health and environmental concerns. However, whether non-Mediterranean countries such as Australia can adhere to such dietary principles is less clear. In this narrative review, we present evidence from eight randomized control trials conducted in Australia which demonstrates impressive and sustained adherence to a MedDiet intervention. However, we also report heterogeneity in the dietary protocols and prescriptive interpretation of a MedDiet across all studies presented in this review, making interpretations of the efficacy and adherence challenging. Based on the observable health benefits, translating key dietary elements of a Mediterranean-style diet within the Australian population remains attractive. However, adapting or modernizing traditional dietary patterns to satisfy the population’s nutritional requirements and/or acceptability warrants further exploration.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1994
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)91433-8
Abstract: Celery seeds were fractioned successively by organic solvents, and fractions were screened for their antioxidant properties. Metabolites of high antioxidative fractions were analyzed, and then anti-obesity properties and mechanisms of selected fractions were evaluated in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Celery seed ethanol extract (CSE) and celery seed ethyl acetate fraction (CSEA) possessed higher in vitro antioxidant properties, including radical scavenging and total phenolic content, than that of hexane, butanol, and water fractions. Total of 43 and 19 metabolites were identified from CSE and CSEA, respectively, by gas chromatography-mass selective detector. Isoferulic acid and
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BIOMEDICINES10092241
Abstract: Background: Students in the United States gain weight significantly during their first year of university, however limited data are available for Australian students. Methods: This 12-month observational study was conducted to monitor monthly body weight and composition, as well as quarterly eating behaviours, dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behaviours, and basal metabolic rate changes amongst first-year Australian university students. Participants were first-year university students over 18 years. Results: Twenty-two first-year university students (5 males and 17 females) completed the study. Female students gained weight significantly at two, three, and four-months (+0.9 kg +1.5 kg +1.1 kg, p 0.05). Female waist circumference (2.5 cm increase at three-months, p = 0.012), and body fat also increased (+0.9%, p = 0.026 at three-months). Intakes of sugar, saturated fat (both % of total energy), and sodium exceeded recommended levels ( mg) at 12-months. Greater sedentary behaviours were observed amongst male students throughout the study (p .05). Conclusions: Female students are at risk of unfavourable changes in body composition during the first year of university, while males are at risk of increased sedentary behaviours. High intakes of saturated fat, sugars, and sodium warrant future interventions in such a vulnerable group.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-12-2021
DOI: 10.5694/MJA2.51349
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2019.105187
Abstract: Cities are home to over half the global population that proportion is expected to rise to 70% by mid-century. The urban environment differs greatly from that in which humans evolved, with potentially important consequences for health. Rates for allergic, inflammatory and auto-immune diseases appear to rise with urbanization and be higher in the more urbanized nations of the world which has led some to suggest that cities promote the occurrence of these diseases. However, there are no syntheses outlining what urban-associated diseases are and what characteristics of cities promote their occurrence. To synthesize the current understanding of "urban-associated diseases", and discover the common, potentially modifiable features of cities that may be driving these associations. We focus on any diseases that have been associated with cities or are particularly prominent in today's urban societies. We draw on expertise across erse health fields to examine the evidence for urban connections and drivers. We found evidence for urban associations across allergic, auto-immune, inflammatory, lifestyle and infectious disease categories. Some conditions (e.g. obesity and diabetes) have complex relationships with cities that have been insufficiently explored. Other conditions (e.g. allergies and asthma) have more evidence demonstrating their relationship with cities and the mechanisms driving that association. Unsurprisingly, air pollution was the characteristic of cities most frequently associated with disease. Other identified urban risk factors are not as widely known: altered microbial exposure and a disconnect from environmental microbiomes, vitamin D deficiency, noise and light pollution, and a transient, over-crowded, impoverished population. However, many complexities and caveats to these relationships beg clarification we highlight the current knowledge gaps and outline ways to fill those gaps. Identifying urban-associated diseases and their drivers will allow us to prepare for the urban-disease burden of the future and create healthy cities that mitigate that disease burden.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1071/RD18338
Abstract: In this paper we first provide a brief review of main results from our previously published studies on genome-wide gene expression (transcriptomics) in donor and recipient cattle used in invitro production (IVP) of embryos and embryo transfer (ET). Then, we present novel results from applying integrative systems genomics and biological analyses where transcriptomics data are combined with genomic data in both donor and recipient cattle to map expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). The eQTLs are genetic markers that can regulate or control the expression of genes in the entire genome, via complex molecular mechanisms, and thus can act as a powerful tool for genomic and gene-assisted selection. We identified significant eQTLs potentially controlling the expression of 13 candidate genes for donor cow quality (IVP parameters e.g. cyclin B1 (CCNB1), outer dense fiber of sperm tails 2 like (ODF2L)) and 19 candidate genes for recipient cows quality (endometrial receptivity e.g. ER membrane protein complex subunit 9 (EMC9), mannosidase beta (MANBA), peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16)). Annotation and colocation of detected eQTLs show that some of the eQTLs are in the same genomic regions previously reported as QTLs for reproduction-related traits. However, eQTLs and the candidate genes identified should be further validated in larger populations before implementation as genetic markers or used in genomic selection for improving IVP and ET performance.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-04-2017
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-12-2022
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114522003798
Abstract: Dietary oils and fats contain different fatty acid compositions that are associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Despite their influence on disease outcomes, the types of dietary oils and fats predominately used in Australian households remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of dietary oils and fats in cooking and food preparation in Australia. Adults living in Australia completed a cross-sectional online survey outlining their current household oil and fat use from July to December 2021. The survey was disseminated via social media platforms and included questions about the types of dietary oils and fats used for different cooking methods and the perceived motivators for choosing the main household oil. A total of 1248 participants responded to the survey. Participants were mostly female (91·6 %) aged between 25 and 44 years (56·7 %). The majority of participants (84·5 %) reported using some form of olive oil as their main source of oil for cooking and food preparation. Almost two-thirds of the s le (65·4 %) reported using extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), mainly in raw food preparation (71·5 %) or savoury baking and roasting (58 %). Fewer households reported using rice bran oil (4·6 %), canola oil (4·3 %) and vegetable oil (1·8 %). Almost half of all participants (49·6 %) identified perceived health benefits as the primary motivating factor for their main choice of oil, followed by sensory preference (46·7 %), versatility (10·2 %) and convenience (8·8 %). Australian adults frequently use olive oil, specifically EVOO, as the main oil for cooking and food preparation in the household.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.PLEFA.2019.04.006
Abstract: Maternal diet is important in determining omega-3 DHA status however there is limited knowledge of other factors influencing maternal omega-3 concentrations during pregnancy. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether maternal DHA status changed across gestation. Changes in levels of other key polyunsaturated fatty acids were also investigated. The Medline, Embase, Amed, and CINAHL databases were searched. Included studies reported measures of maternal omega-3 status in at least two pregnancy trimesters. Thirteen studies were included in the final analyses. Absolute omega-3 DHA concentrations increased across gestation, but decreased as a proportion of total lipids. Our findings are consistent with previous observations of increases in lipid mobilisation, coupled with preferential transfer of DHA to the fetus, with advancing gestation. However the number of eligible studies was small and further investigations are required.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 16-11-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FPUBH.2022.1017078
Abstract: Poor cognitive function is associated with reduced functional independence, risk of institutionalization and reduced health-related quality of life. The ability to independently perform instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) is compromised in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. Emerging evidence suggests that adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), may play an important protective role against cognitive decline and dementia risk, whilst preserving functional status. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the independent associations between MedDiet adherence, cognitive risk, and functional status in community-dwelling older adults living in Australia. MedDiet adherence was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) a modified Lawton's iADL scale was used for the assessment of functional status and risk of cognitive impairment was assessed using the AD8 dementia screening intervention. A total of n = 294 participants were included in the final analyses (70.4 ± 6.2 years Females, n = 201 Males, n = 91 n = 2 unspecified). Adherence to a MedDiet was positively associated with functional ability (β = 0.172 CI: 0.022, 0.132 P = 0.006) independent of age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking status, sleep duration, physical activity duration, diabetes status, and level of education. Furthermore, MedDiet adherence was inversely associated with cognitive risk (β = −0.134 CI: −0.198, −0.007 P = 0.035) independent of all covariates. However, our sensitivity analyses further showed that adherence to a MedDiet was not associated with cognitive risk in older adults free from cognitive impairment. We showed that adherence to a MedDiet is associated with healthy physical and cognitive aging. Nevertheless, exploration of these findings in larger cohorts, using longitudinal analyses and controlling for important confounders to ascertain the direction of the relationship is warranted.
Publisher: Colegio Brasileiro de Reproducao Animal - CBRA
Date: 2017
No related grants have been discovered for Evangeline Mantzioris.