ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7565-635X
Current Organisation
Griffith University - Gold Coast Campus
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Environment Policy | Wildlife and Habitat Management | Transportation and Freight Services not elsewhere classified | Environmental Science and Management |
Coastal and Marine Management Policy | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Marine Environments | International Sea Freight Transport (excl. Live Animal Transport)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-02-2016
DOI: 10.1111/MAEC.12297
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-08-2018
DOI: 10.1002/EAP.1779
Abstract: Marine ecosystems support supply of ecosystem services (ESs) through processes and functions carried out by erse biological elements. Managing sustainability of ES use requires linking services to the parts of ecosystems supplying them. We specified marine service providing units (SPUs) as plausible combinations of a biotic group (e.g., bacteria, seabirds) with an associated major habitat (e.g., sublittoral sediment). We developed a network model for large marine ecosystems, documenting 2,916 links between 153 SPUs with 31 services. Coastal habitats and their taxa accounted for 48% of links, but all habitats with their taxa contribute to at least 20 ESs. Through network analysis, we showed some services link to certain key habitats, while others are less clearly defined in space, being supported by a variety of habitats and their taxa. Analysis highlighted large-scale flows across marine habitats that are essential in underpinning continued supply of certain ESs, for ex le, seed dispersal. If we only protect habitats where services are used, we will not fully protect the supply of services reliant on mobile taxa moving between habitats. This emerged because we considered habitats and their taxa together. We recommend using combinations of habitats and taxa as SPUs when informing marine ecosystem management and conservation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2019.01.068
Abstract: Increasingly environmental management seeks to limit the impacts of human activities on ecosystems relative to some 'reference' condition, which is often the presumed pre-impacted state, however such information is limited. We explore how marine ecosystems in deep time (Late Jurassic) are characterised by AZTI's Marine Biotic Index (AMBI), and how the indices responded to natural perturbations. AMBI is widely used to detect the impacts of human disturbance and to establish management targets, and this study is the first application of these indices to a fossil fauna. Our results show AMBI detected changes in past seafloor communities (well-preserved fossil deposits) that underwent regional deoxygenation in a manner analogous to those experiencing two decades of organic pollution. These findings highlight the potential for palaeoecological data to contribute to reconstructions of pre-human marine ecosystems, and hence provide information to policy makers and regulators with greater temporal context on the nature of 'pristine' marine ecosystems.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1988
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2007.09.036
Abstract: A ballast water short-time high temperature heat treatment technique was applied on board a car-carrier during a voyage from Egypt to Belgium. Ballast water from three tanks was subjected for a few seconds to temperatures ranging from 55 degrees C to 80 degrees C. The water was heated using the vessel's heat exchanger steam and a second heat exchanger was used to pre-heat and cool down the water. The treatment was effective at causing mortality of bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard was not agreed before this study was carried out, but comparing our results gives a broad indication that the IMO standard would have been met in some of the tests for the zooplankton, in all the tests for the phytoplankton and probably on most occasions for the bacteria. Passing the water through the pump increased the kill rate but increasing the temperature above 55 degrees C did not improve the heat treatment's efficacy.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF02333989
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-01-2012
Abstract: Frid, C. L. J., and Paramor, O. A. L. 2012. Feeding the world: what role for fisheries? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 145–150. Fisheries (wild capture and aquaculture) deliver more than 110 million tonnes of food and around 15% of the dietary protein to the 7 billion people currently living on the planet. With the global population expected to peak at 9 billion by 2050, and % of global fish stocks currently fully or overexploited (and aquaculture is at least in part dependent on capture fisheries), the contribution of fisheries looks set to decline. The challenge is therefore determining how better management, an ecosystem perspective, and more efficient utilization of fisheries waste can support fisheries products continuing to contribute significantly to “feeding the world” up to and beyond the population peak.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-04-2008
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1016/S1054-3139(02)00253-9
Abstract: Long-term monitoring of the zooplankton community at a station 5.5 miles from the English coast in the central-west North Sea has been performed since 1968. Analyses of these data have revealed an inverse relationship between annual total zooplankton abundance and the position of the Gulf Stream North Wall (GSNW). This long-term relationship is opposite to the long-term positive association observed between the GSNW and total zooplankton abundances throughout most of the oceanic NE Atlantic region and the northern and central North Sea using Continuous Plankton Recorder data. This study investigates the mechanism behind the inverse relationship with the GSNW, focussing on the importance of zooplankton predators in influencing long-term changes in the zooplankton community of the central-west North Sea. The results suggest that the dominant zooplankton predator Sagitta elegans plays a key role in mediating spring copepod population growth rates and thus their maximum and overall productivity during any one particular year. In turn, the abundance of Sagitta during the spring appears to be related to climatic factors. The implications of this on the zooplankton community are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1989
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-1993
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1002/AQC.506
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1071/MF19242
Abstract: The world’s coastlines have become heavily modified over the last century, with the adjacent natural habitats declining in bio ersity and health under increasing pressure from urbanisation. In this study we assessed the structure and biological traits of macrofaunal assemblages from 24 south-east Queensland mudflats in order to determine whether ecological functioning (e.g. primary production, nutrient cycling) and the delivery of ecosystem services was affected by urbanisation. This work represents the most comprehensive assessment of mudflat assemblages in the region to date. The mudflats contained 50 macrofaunal taxa and so were comparable to other local intertidal systems. Summer assemblages contained more species, more in iduals and had differing taxonomic composition. When indexed as a proportion of subcatchment area, urbanisation did not correspond to a clear impact on macrofaunal composition rather, the nature of the industry or activity was critical. Mudflats from subcatchments with industries producing organic wastes significantly differed from subcatchments with & .3% cover of these industries. Functioning was conserved in mudflats experiencing current levels of enrichment, but this may decline with growing pressure from human populations. The results of this study illustrate that large-scale spatial data, such as from satellites, can be used to detect the cumulative effects of urbanisation when the pressures are highly resolved.
Publisher: Michigan State University Press
Date: 04-2003
Abstract: Assessments based on the taxonomic composition and relative abundance of taxa provide valuable information about the effects of anthropogenic activities on benthic systems. However, international agreements also require active conservation of ecosystem functioning as well as biological assemblages. We must therefore learn more about how ecosystems function and why changes occur within them in order to fully understand the implications of human activities. Biological traits analysis allows systems to be described in terms of the characteristics of member taxa, describing functional ersity whilst retaining information on taxa distributions. This study used biological traits analysis to investigate the long-term effects of fishing on benthic infaunal communities. Infaunal abundance was recorded over three decades at two stations, one within and one outside a fishing ground in the central western North Sea. Each taxon present was categorised for the degree to which it exhibited certain biological traits. The distribution of these traits within a s le produced a picture of functional ersity. Multivariate analyses were used to compare trait composition at the stations over time, thus depicting how community functioning responded to physical disturbance. The assemblages at the two stations were functionally distinct at the onset of the study with differences in size, feeding type and reproductive method. The functional structure changed over time at the station within the fishing ground as the level of exploitation varied. Large animals, predators, scavengers and those eating invertebrates or carrion dominated years of light effort in the fishing ground but were less represented when effort increased. No such changes occurred at the station outside the fishing ground. Fishing seems to have some effect on benthic functional bio ersity and this effect is most obvious when moving from low to moderate levels. The differences between stations at the start of the timeseries may reflect variations in the physical environment or may result from effects of fishing that predate the timeseries.
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Date: 09-2001
DOI: 10.1139/A01-005
Abstract: Long-term data on the North Sea ecosystem are available for phytoplanktonic, zooplanktonic, benthic, fish, and seabird communities. Temporal changes in these have been examined by numerous researchers over the course of the 20th century, their main objective being to determine how the interannual dynamics of these communities are controlled. Ultimately, long-term changes in the North Sea ecosystem appear to be driven by two wide-ranging, but separate processes. In the northern, western and central areas of the North Sea, long-term changes are predominantly influenced by climatic fluctuations. Here, primary productivity during a particular year is related to the effect of weather on the timing of stratification and the resulting spring bloom. In the southern and eastern areas of the North Sea, the lack of stratification and the large inputs of nutrients mean that primary productivity is more strongly influenced by variations in anthropogenic nutrient inputs, and is only weakly related to climatic variation. Long-term changes at higher trophic levels (zooplankton, benthic, fish, and seabirds) are generally affected by fluctuations in their food source (i.e., the lower trophic levels), although because of the high complexity of the North Sea ecosystem there are many exceptions to these general patterns. However, the weight of evidence shows that long-term changes in the ecosystem may ultimately be related to long-term changes in either climate or nutrients, although the long-term dynamics of certain taxa and communities do show evidence of being influenced by both anthropogenic factors and (or) internal factors such as competition and predation. Key words: long-term changes, North Sea, time series, climate change, ecosystem functioning, anthropogenic impacts.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2005
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-1994
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1995
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 23-11-2017
DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780198726289.001.0001
Abstract: We use more than 100 000 chemicals in our daily lives to promote health, treat disease, facilitate transportation, use in industrial processes, grow food and access clean water. While these developments have improved human lives, many of these compounds ultimately end up in our seas and oceans where they represent a threat to marine life, ourselves and our continued use of the oceans to treat our waste, provide us with food and offer us recreation. Many of the pollution problems of previous decades seem to have been resolved, in the developed world, or at least managed to minimise their environmental impacts. However, despite treatments being available that reduce their damaging qualities, a potent mixture of toxic compounds enter the marine environment every day along with other potentially harmful additions including heat, noise and light and non-native species. The question thus arises: is pollution a problem that has really been solved? How well are we managing traditional pollutants? What are the challenges we still face today? What are the upcoming marine pollution challenges that face society? This volume describes the different marine pollutants, the science behind measuring their ecological impacts and how they are monitored in the environment, including traditional and new management approaches. This is an up-to-date account of marine pollution within the broad ecological and social context of a growing, technologically advanced, global population.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2005
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 06-08-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-06-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-01-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-08-2019
Abstract: Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) containing first-row transition metals such as Fe, Co, and Ni have attracted significant interest for electrocatalysis owing to their abundance and excellent performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. Herein, the assembly of holey iron-doped nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) nanosheets ('holey nanosheets') is demonstrated by employing uniform Ni-Co glycerate spheres as self-templates. Iron doping was found to increase the rate of hydrolysis of Ni-Co glycerate spheres and induce the formation of a holey interconnected sheet-like structure with small pores (1-10 nm) and a high specific surface area (279 m
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2007.04.013
Abstract: A ship board trial of a deoxygenation method for treating ballast water was carried out during a voyage from South ton (United Kingdom) to Manzanillo (Panama). A nutrient solution added to two ballast tanks encouraged bacterial growth, resulting in a gradual change to an anoxic environment. S les were taken from two treated tanks and two untreated tanks to assess changes in the abundance and viability of zooplankton, phytoplankton and bacteria. The work was carried out before the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard was agreed so only a broad indication of whether the results achieved the standard was given. For the zooplankton, the standard would have been achieved within 5 or 7 days but the phytoplankton results were inconclusive. The biological efficacy was the result of the combination of several factors, including the treatment, pump damage and an increase in the water temperature during the voyage.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1998
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 03-11-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/OIK.03661
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Editorial CSIC
Date: 30-03-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1997
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-12-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1989
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1016/J.ICESJMS.2004.03.005
Abstract: Zooplankton has been s led monthly since 1969 at Station Z off the Northumberland coast. Seven copepod species were chosen as potential indicators of specific water masses. Data have been analysed to provide information about seasonal and interannual changes in the zooplankton community with special reference to the indicator taxa and to the possible role of hydrographic and climate drivers, including variations in the position of the Gulf Stream North Wall position and the North Atlantic Oscillation. Results show that, at this Northumberland coastal station, some copepod species are likely to be good indicators of water-mass influence and changes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-09-2009
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-1999
DOI: 10.1017/S0025315499001216
Abstract: The pattern of occurrence of medusae off the north-east coast of England are described for the period 1990–1996. The predatory role of the medusae, Aglantha digitale , was examined by comparison of estimated predation rates with those of other planktonic predators. Aglanthe digitale was found to have the potential to considerably reduce copepod abundances, particularly in winter. Other important predators were the hipod Themisto compressa and the chaetognath Sagitta elegans . There was a great deal of seasonal and interannual variability in predatory impact, with predators such as Pleurobrachia pileus and Meganyctiphanes norvegica occasionally exerting a high predatory impact. Previous studies have identified an important community structuring role for predation in winter in this area, this study shows that planktonic predators can influence copepod abundances throughout the year.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2003
Publisher: Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Date: 07-2008
DOI: 10.1579/07-A-300.1
Abstract: The organisms living on and in the sea floor, the benthos, represent an important ecological group. Although some (shellfish) have an economic value, most do not, and so little long-term data are available. We have identified three sources of historic benthic data for the North Sea, a regional sea that has been subjected to multiple human impacts for at least several hundred years. Each dataset has its limitations, but by their use together some issues emerge. Wider community shifts were observed in the shorter term and a number of extirpations at the scale of the North Sea were seen over longer time scales. The extirpated taxa share a number of characteristics consistent with an effect of fisheries such as fragile morphology. We must concentrate now on furthering our understanding of the ecological significance of shifts in dominance of particular functional units and protecting those habitats and species most vulnerable to fisheries-driven extirpation.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 18-06-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-1996
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0755(199612)6:4<287::AID-AQC199>3.0.CO;2-Q
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2018.08.041
Abstract: Climate change and anthropogenic nutrient enrichment are driving rapid increases in ocean deoxygenation. These changes cause bio ersity loss and have severe consequences for marine ecosystem functioning and in turn the delivery of ecosystem services upon which humanity depends (e.g. fisheries). We seek to understand how such changes will impact seafloor functioning using biological traits analysis. Results from a sewage-sludge disposal site in the Firth of Clyde, UK spanning 26 years of monitoring showed that substantial changes in macrobenthic nutrient cycling and the provision of food for predators occurred, with elevated functioning on the margins 1-2 km from the centre of the disposal grounds. Thus, changes in food-web dynamics are expected, that weaken benthic pelagic coupling and lower secondary production (such as fisheries). Generally, functioning was conserved, but declined below a ~6% total organic carbon threshold. Similar to other severely deoxygenated systems, the recovery was slow and hysteresis was apparent.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-02-1999
DOI: 10.1021/ES980782K
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-1999
DOI: 10.1017/S0025315498000216
Abstract: An analysis of species composition of the zooplankton, macrobenthos (two stations) and demersal fish from Northumberland (north-west North Sea) are reported. The four time-series show synchronous changes in species composition. While some of these changes coincide with changes in climateological variables, others do not. The degree of synchrony implies that either all the time-series are responding to a single set of extraneous forcing factors, or that food chain links, rapidly translate the signal through all ecosystem components.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2002
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<75::AID-AQC325>3.0.CO;2-Z
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 11-05-2006
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS313215
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-10-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S00442-016-3747-6
Abstract: Global warming during the Early Jurassic, and associated widespread ocean deoxygenation, was comparable in scale with the changes projected for the next century. This study quantifies the impact of severe global environmental change on the biological traits of marine communities that define the ecological roles and functions they deliver. We document centennial-millennial variability in the biological trait composition of Early Jurassic (Toarcian) seafloor communities and examine how this changed during the event using biological traits analysis. Environmental changes preceding the global oceanic anoxic event (OAE) produced an ecological shift leading to stressed benthic palaeocommunities with reduced resilience to the subsequent OAE. Changes in traits and ecological succession coincided with major environmental changes and were of similar nature and magnitude to those in severely deoxygenated benthic communities today despite the very different timescales. Changes in community composition were linked to local redox conditions whereas changes in populations of opportunists were driven by primary productivity. Throughout most of the OAE substitutions by tolerant taxa conserved the trait composition and hence functioning, but periods of severe deoxygenation caused benthic defaunation that would have resulted in functional collapse. Following the OAE recovery was slow probably because the global nature of the event restricted opportunities for recruitment from outside the basin. Our findings suggest that future systems undergoing deoxygenation may initially show functional resilience, but severe global deoxygenation will impact traits and ecosystem functioning and, by limiting the species pool, will slow recovery rates.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-06-2013
DOI: 10.1111/JFB.12132
Abstract: In the Welsh part of the Irish Sea, a method was developed for assessing the sensitivity of different seabed habitats to existing fishing activities, across a range of potential fishing intensities. The resistance of 31 habitats and their associated biological assemblage to damage by 14 categories of fishing activity were assessed along with the rate at which each habitat would recover following impact (resilience). Sensitivity was scored based on a combination of the resistance of a habitat to damage and its subsequent rate of recovery. The assessments were based, wherever possible, on scientific literature, with expert judgement used to extrapolate results to habitat and gear combinations not directly examined in the published literature. The resulting sensitivity matrices were then subject to further peer review at a series of workshops. Following consensus on the habitat sensitivity, these data were combined with the most resolved sea-floor habitat maps. These habitat sensitivity maps can help inform the development of site-specific management plans, as well as having a place in spatial planning and aiding managers in developing dialogue with other stakeholders. A case study of their application is provided.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0755(199901/02)9:1<47::AID-AQC326>3.0.CO;2-T
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 18-06-2015
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 18-06-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 18-06-2015
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 18-06-2015
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-1996
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2003
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-1996
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 05-06-2015
Abstract: Ecosystem services are emerging as a key driver of conservation policy and environmental management. Delivery of ecosystem services depends on the efficient functioning of ecosystems, which in turn depends on bio ersity and environmental conditions. Many marine ecosystems are extremely productive and highly valued, but they are increasingly threatened by human activities. With contributions from leading researchers, this volume synthesises current understanding of the effects on bio ersity and ecosystem functioning caused by a variety of human activities and pressures at play in coastal marine ecosystems. The authors examine the likely consequences for ecosystem service provision, covering key topics including fisheries, aquaculture, physical structures, nutrients, chemical contaminants, marine debris and invasive species. Critically reviewing the latest developments, this is a unique resource both for environmental managers and policy makers and for researchers and students in marine ecology and environmental management.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1997
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-05-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARENVRES.2015.03.012
Abstract: Using established associations between species traits (life history, morphological and behavioural characteristics) and key ecological functions, we applied biological traits analysis (BTA) to investigate the consequences of 40 years of change in two North Sea benthic communities. Ecological functioning (trait composition) was found to be statistically indistinguishable across periods that differed significantly in taxonomic composition. A temporary alteration to functioning was, however, inferred at both s ling stations coinciding with the North Sea regime shift of the 1980s. Trait composition recovered after 1 year at the station located inside the grounds of a trawl fishery, whereas the station located outside the main area of fishing activity underwent a six-year period of significantly altered, and temporally unstable, trait composition. A further alteration to functioning was inferred at the fished station, when the population of a newly established species rapidly increased in numbers. The results suggest that density compensation by characteristically similar (redundant) taxa acts to buffer changes to ecological functioning over time, but that functional stability is subject to aperiodic disruption due to substitutions of dissimilar taxa or uncompensated population fluctuations. The rate at which ecological functioning stabilises and recovers appears to be dependent on environmental context e.g. disturbance regime.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2005
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 26-11-2009
DOI: 10.1017/S0025315408002956
Abstract: Since 1971 the macro-benthic infauna at Station P, 18.5 km off the Northumberland coast (central western North Sea), have been s led by grabbing each January/February. The data series now includes over 260 taxa from 173 genera. The most abundant taxa are Heteromastus, Levinsinia and Priospio which between them account for nearly 45% of the in iduals recorded while the top 10 ranked taxa between them include almost 70% of the in iduals recorded. Both total abundance and genera richness have varied through the 36 year series, particularly during the late 1980s–early 1990s but there was no trend and values in the 2000s are similar to those at the start of the series. However, MDS ordination of the entire genera abundance series shows a trend in composition of the macrobenthos through time. There is evidence that the changes in composition were driven by fishing impacts, but also influenced by the trend in climate warming and altered fluxes of phytoplankton to the benthos. Given that the dominant taxa have not changed and the total abundance and richness are similar this implies a turnover and redistribution of in iduals across many taxa and raises the possibility of shifts in the ecological functioning of the system.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-1991
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1071/AN14419
Abstract: Variation in liveweight change in the ewe flock during periods of poor nutrition can affect farm profitability through the effects of liveweight loss on potential stocking rate, management interventions including supplementary feeding, and ewe and lamb survival and productivity. There is variation between in idual animals in their ability to manage periods of poor nutrition, but the links between liveweight change and breeding values in the adult ewe flock have not been quantified. We analysed 5216 liveweight profiles for 2772 ewes managed over 3 years at eight sites across Australia, to define the relative effects of environment, reproductive performance and breeding values on liveweight change. The range in liveweight loss varied from 1.3 kg to 21.6 kg, and for liveweight gain from 0.4 kg to 28.1 kg. Site and year had the largest influence on liveweight change, which demonstrates that seasonal conditions and management were the most important factors influencing liveweight change. Liveweight loss was influenced by previous and current reproductive performance but these effects were small in comparison to the effects of site and year. There were mixed associations with sire breeding values for growth, fat and muscle depending on site. An increase in sire breeding values for fat by 1 mm was associated with a reduction in liveweight loss by up to 1.3 kg regardless of ewe breed, and this was more evident at sites where ewes lost a greater proportion of their liveweight. While management had the greatest effect on liveweight change, there appears to be scope to use breeding values to select sheep that will lose less weight during periods of poor nutrition in some environments.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1995
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-01-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-09-2009
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 14-03-2008
Abstract: Wiafe, G., Yaqub, H. B., Mensah, M. A., and Frid, C. L. J. 2008. Impact of climate change on long-term zooplankton biomass in the upwelling region of the Gulf of Guinea. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 318–324. We investigated long-term changes in coastal zooplankton in the upwelling region in the Gulf of Guinea, 1969–1992, in relation to climatic and biotic factors. We considered the role of hydrographic and climatic factors, i.e. sea surface temperature (SST), salinity, sea level pressure, windfield, and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), in the long-term variation of zooplankton in a multiple regression analysis, along with the abundance of Sardinella. Annual variation in zooplankton biomass was cyclical, with the annual peak occurring during the major upwelling season, July–September. Over the 24-year period, there was a downward trend in zooplankton biomass (equivalent to 6.33 ml per 1000 m3 per year). The decomposed trend in SST during the major upwelling revealed gradual warming of surface waters. This trend was believed to be the main influence on the abundance of the large copepod Calanoides carinatus (sensitive to temperatures above 23°C), which appears in the coastal waters only during the major upwelling season. The warming trend associated with global climate change could affect zooplankton community structure, especially during the major upwelling season. Global warming coupled with “top–down” (predation) control by Sardinella might be responsible for the long-term decline in zooplankton biomass in the upwelling region of the Gulf of Guinea.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 07-04-2016
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS11650
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1995
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 15-10-2012
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS09938
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 08-2023
End Date: 08-2026
Amount: $323,388.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity