ORCID Profile
0000-0003-1131-7006
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 12-08-2016
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980016001968
Abstract: To investigate the extent to which in idual-level as well as macro-level contextual factors influence the likelihood of underweight across adult sub-populations in India. Population-based cross-sectional survey included in India’s National Health Family Survey conducted in 2005–06. We disaggregated into eight sub-populations. Multistage nationally representative household survey covering 99 % of India’s population. The survey covered 124 385 females aged 15–49 years and 74 369 males aged 15–54 years. A social gradient in underweight exists in India. Even after allowing for wealth status, differences in the predicted probability of underweight persisted based upon rurality, age/maturity and gender. We found in idual-level education lowered the likelihood of underweight for males, but no statistical association for females. Paradoxically, rural young (15–24 years) females from more educated villages had a higher likelihood of underweight relative to those in less educated villages but for rural mature ( years) females the opposite was the case. Christians had a significantly lower likelihood of underweight relative to other socio-religious groups (OR=0·53–0·80). Higher state-level inequality increased the likelihood of underweight across most population groups, while neighbourhood inequality exhibited a similar relationship for the rural young population subgroups only. In idual states/neighbourhoods accounted for 5–9 % of the variation in the prediction of underweight. We found that rural young females represent a particularly highly vulnerable sub-population. Economic growth alone is unlikely to reduce the burden of malnutrition in India accordingly, policy makers need to address the broader social determinants that contribute to higher underweight prevalence in specific demographic subgroups.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-07-2022
DOI: 10.1111/ECOT.12341
Abstract: This study critically examines the effect of financial inclusion on life expectancy and infant mortality rates, and whether the effect is conditioned by possible threshold effects determined by the degree of income inequality and poverty levels. We draw our conclusions based on 61 developing and transitional economies in the period 2011–2017. Using an aggregate hybrid financial inclusion index, we show that financial inclusion exerts a direct positive effect on health outcomes. Furthermore, the effectiveness of financial inclusion as a policy tool to achieve better health outcomes is higher in societies where poverty and income inequality are more prevalent. These are significant findings from a policy perspective as greater financial inclusion offers the scope to invest in health capital and enhances the capacity for risk management among the most vulnerable populations in the face of health shocks.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2023
DOI: 10.1111/LANG.12550
Abstract: Research has shown that novel words can be learned through the mechanism of statistical or cross‐situational word learning (CSWL). So far, CSWL studies using adult populations have focused on the presentation of spoken words. However, words can also be learned through their written form. This study compared auditory and orthographic presentations of novel words with different degrees of phonological overlap using CSWL in a laboratory‐based and an online‐based approach. In our analyses, we first compared accuracy across modalities, with our findings showing more accurate recognition performance for CSWL when novel words were presented through their written forms (orthographic condition) rather than through their spoken forms (auditory condition). Bayesian modeling suggested that accuracy for the orthographic condition was higher in the laboratory compared to online, whereas performance in the auditory condition was similar across both experiments. We discuss the implications of our findings for presentation modality and the benefits of our online testing protocol for future research.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-12-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1071/AH12186
Abstract: This paper provides an analysis of the national Indigenous reform strategy – known as Closing the Gap – in the context of broader health system reforms underway to assess whether current attempts at addressing Indigenous disadvantage are likely to be successful. Drawing upon economic theory and empirical evidence, the paper analyses key structural features necessary for securing system performance gains capable of reducing health disparities. Conceptual and empirical attention is given to the features of comprehensive primary healthcare, which encompasses the social determinants impacting on Indigenous health. An important structural prerequisite for securing genuine improvements in health outcomes is the unifying of all funding and policy responsibilities for comprehensive primary healthcare for Indigenous Australians within a single jurisdictional framework. This would provide the basis for implementing several key mutually reinforcing components necessary for enhancing primary healthcare system performance. The announcement to introduce a long-term health equality plan in partnership with Aboriginal people represents a promising development and may provide the window of opportunity needed for implementing structural reforms to primary healthcare. What is known about the topic? Notwithstanding the intention of previous policies, considerable health disparity exists between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Australia has now embarked on its most ambitious national Indigenous health reform strategy, but there has been little academic analysis of whether such reforms are capable of eliminating health disadvantage for Aboriginal people. What does the paper add? This paper provides a critical analysis of Indigenous health reforms to assess whether such policy initiatives are likely to be successful and outlines key structural changes to primary healthcare system arrangements that are necessary to secure genuine system performance gains and improve health outcomes for Indigenous Australians. What are the implications for practitioners? For policymakers, the need to establish genuine partnership and engagement between Aboriginal people and the Australian government in pursuing a national Indigenous reform agenda is of critical importance. The establishment of the National Congress of Australia’s First Peoples provides the opportunity for policymakers to give special status to Indigenous Australians in health policy development and create the institutional breakthrough necessary for effecting primary healthcare system change.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 04-03-2021
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 13-11-2015
Abstract: This article analyses a nationally representative household dataset-the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) conducted in 2005 to 2006-to examine factors influencing the prevalence of overweight/obesity in India. The dataset was disaggregated into four sub-population groups-urban and rural females and males-and multi-level logit regression models were used to estimate the impact of particular covariates on the likelihood of overweight/obesity. The multi-level modelling approach aimed to identify in idual and macro-level contextual factors influencing this health outcome. In contrast to most studies on low-income developing countries, the findings reveal that education for females beyond a particular level of educational attainment exhibits a negative relationship with the likelihood of overweight/obesity. This relationship was not observed for males. Muslim females and all Sikh sub-populations have a higher likelihood of overweight/obesity suggesting the importance of socio-cultural influences. The results also show that the relationship between wealth and the probability of overweight/obesity is stronger for males than females highlighting the differential impact of increasing socio-economic status on gender. Multi-level analysis reveals that states exerted an independent influence on the likelihood of overweight/obesity beyond in idual-level covariates, reflecting the importance of spatially related contextual factors on overweight/obesity. While this study does not disentangle macro-level 'obesogenic' environmental factors from socio-cultural network influences, the results highlight the need to refrain from adopting a 'one size fits all' policy approach in addressing the overweight/obesity epidemic facing India. Instead, policy implementation requires a more nuanced and targeted approach to incorporate the growing recognition of socio-cultural and spatial contextual factors impacting on healthy behaviours.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-09-2022
No related grants have been discovered for Ronald Donato.