ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4172-6759
Current Organisations
University of South Australia
,
The University of Auckland
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-01-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-11-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-07-2020
DOI: 10.1002/JSID.954
Publisher: Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press)
Date: 2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2002
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2007
Publisher: Springer New York
Date: 2011
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-05-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2020
DOI: 10.1161/HYP.76.SUPPL_1.MP36
Abstract: Background: Intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, but there are ongoing concerns that it also might be harmful by increasing the risk of orthostatic hypotension (OH). However, in idual trials have been inconclusive. Methods: In this in idual participant data meta-analysis, we systematically reviewed MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases through October 7, 2019 for randomized trials of BP pharmacologic treatment (more intensive BP goal or active agent) on measured OH. OH was defined as a drop in SBP ≥20 mmHg or DBP ≥10 mmHg after changing positions from seated to standing. Ultimately, five trials of BP treatment goal were identified. Effects were examined overall and in subgroups of baseline characteristics, including diabetes, standing BP pre-randomization ( vs ≥110 mm Hg), and pre-randomization OH. Results: There were 18,466 participants with 127,998 follow-up visits. Most trials demonstrated low risk of bias with minimal heterogeneity of effects across trials ( I 2 = 0.0%). Intensive BP treatment significantly lowered risk of OH (OR 0.93 95% CI: 0.86, 0.99). Effects were strongest among adults without diabetes (OR 0.90 vs 1.10 P -interaction = 0.015) and adults with lower standing SBP (OR 0.66 for mmHg vs 0.96 for ≥110 mmHg P -interaction = 0.02). Effects did not differ by pre-randomization OH ( P -interaction = 0.80). In sensitivity analyses that included 4 additional placebo-controlled trials, overall and subgroup findings were unchanged ( Figure ). Conclusion: OH prior to or in the setting of more intensive BP treatment should not be viewed as a reason to avoid or to de-escalate treatment for hypertension.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-04-2031
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S10055-023-00795-Y
Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) experiences can cause a range of negative symptoms such as nausea, disorientation, and oculomotor discomfort, which is collectively called cybersickness. Previous studies have attempted to develop a reliable measure for detecting cybersickness instead of using questionnaires, and electroencephalogram (EEG) has been regarded as one of the possible alternatives. However, despite the increasing interest, little is known about which brain activities are consistently associated with cybersickness and what types of methods should be adopted for measuring discomfort through brain activity. We conducted a scoping review of 33 experimental studies in cybersickness and EEG found through database searches and screening. To understand these studies, we organized the pipeline of EEG analysis into four steps (preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, classification) and surveyed the characteristics of each step. The results showed that most studies performed frequency or time-frequency analysis for EEG feature extraction. A part of the studies applied a classification model to predict cybersickness indicating an accuracy between 79 and 100%. These studies tended to use HMD-based VR with a portable EEG headset for measuring brain activity. Most VR content shown was scenic views such as driving or navigating a road, and the age of participants was limited to people in their 20 s. This scoping review contributes to presenting an overview of cybersickness-related EEG research and establishing directions for future work.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-04-2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2002
DOI: 10.1109/2.989929
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-01-2020
DOI: 10.1111/OBR.12989
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 17-04-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-09-2021
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-12-2019
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000008732
Abstract: High blood pressure is one of the main modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the best antihypertensive class for optimizing cognition. Our objective was to determine whether any particular antihypertensive class was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline or dementia using comprehensive meta-analysis including reanalysis of original participant data. To identify suitable studies, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO and preexisting study consortia were searched from inception to December 2017. Authors of prospective longitudinal human studies or trials of antihypertensives were contacted for data sharing and collaboration. Outcome measures were incident dementia or incident cognitive decline (classified using the reliable change index method). Data were separated into mid and late-life ( years) and each antihypertensive class was compared to no treatment and to treatment with other antihypertensives. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize data. Over 50,000 participants from 27 studies were included. Among those aged years, with the exception of diuretics, we found no relationship by class with incident cognitive decline or dementia. Diuretic use was suggestive of benefit in some analyses but results were not consistent across follow-up time, comparator group, and outcome. Limited data precluded meaningful analyses in those ≤65 years of age. Our findings, drawn from the current evidence base, support clinical freedom in the selection of antihypertensive regimens to achieve blood pressure goals. The review was registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42016045454.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 08-12-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-10-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2000
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-07-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-04-2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-09-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-10-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JALZ.2017.09.007
Abstract: Progress in understanding and management of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) has been h ered by lack of consensus on diagnosis, reflecting the use of multiple different assessment protocols. A large multinational group of clinicians and researchers participated in a two-phase Vascular Impairment of Cognition Classification Consensus Study (VICCCS) to agree on principles (VICCCS-1) and protocols (VICCCS-2) for diagnosis of VCI. We present VICCCS-2. We used VICCCS-1 principles and published diagnostic guidelines as points of reference for an online Delphi survey aimed at achieving consensus on clinical diagnosis of VCI. Six survey rounds comprising 65-79 participants agreed guidelines for diagnosis of VICCCS-revised mild and major forms of VCI and endorsed the National Institute of Neurological Disorders-Canadian Stroke Network neuropsychological assessment protocols and recommendations for imaging. The VICCCS-2 suggests standardized use of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders-Canadian Stroke Network recommendations on neuropsychological and imaging assessment for diagnosis of VCI so as to promote research collaboration.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 13-04-2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-11-2015
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2019
Abstract: Hypertension is prevalent in older adults. Hypertension has also been associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. However, evidence relating to the impact of antihypertensive use is mixed. Calcium-channel blockers (CCB) have been suggested as the most beneficial class of antihypertensive for protection of cognition in older adults, however, to date, there have been no cohort studies designed to examine this. Community-dwelling treated hypertensive adults aged 80 and over were recruited from general practice sites and followed for 1 year. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and 12 months using the modified Mini-Mental State Exam (3MS). Regression was used to examine the association between 12-month exposure to antihypertensive class and change in cognitive function. A total of 292 participants completed the study. Mean change in 3MS score was a rise of 0.53 [standard deviation (SD) 4.7] 3MS points in those taking CCBs ( n = 135) compared with a drop of 0.09 (SD 5.1) in those without ( n = 157) p = 0.28. There was no relationship between CCBs or between any antihypertensive class and change in cognitive function over 1 year. Additional analyses using a clinically meaningful fall of 5 or more 3MS points showed similar results. In a hypertensive community-dwelling older adult population treated with antihypertensives, there was no evidence that CCBs were protective of cognitive function over a 12-month exposure. If a protective effect is present, it may be small or require a longer treatment period. Larger longer studies are required for confirmation.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2008
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 26-03-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-12-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 31-01-2020
Abstract: Background: Despite expectations of deterioration in memory function with age, some older adults demonstrate superior memory performance and have been defined as SuperAgers. Method: SuperAgers were identified in a population-based prospective cohort in Australia ( n = 1,679 49.4% female mean age = 70.6 ±1.5 years) as participants who, over a 12-year period, consistently scored at or above the median of participants 40 years younger on recall tasks. Chi-square and t tests and logistic regression models measured associations between risk factors and being a SuperAger. Results: The prevalence of SuperAgers was higher in women (8.6%) than men (5.3%). Education was associated with being a SuperAger for women (adjusted odds ratio [OR] =1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.01, 1.26]) and men (adjusted OR = 1.22, 95% CI = [1.05, 1.40]). Other associated factors were investigative activities and alcohol consumption for women and social activities and depressive symptoms for men. Conclusion: Adults over 60 can sustain superior memory recall however, associated factors may vary between genders.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-066-0.CH013
Abstract: This chapter describes designing interaction methods for Tangible Augmented Reality (AR) applications. First, we describe the concept of a Tangible Augmented Reality interface and review its various successful applications, focusing on their interaction designs. Next we classify and consolidate these interaction methods into common tasks and interaction schemes. And finally, we present general design guidelines for interaction methods in Tangible AR applications. The authors hope that these guidelines will help developers design interaction methods for Tangible AR applications in a more structured and efficient way, and bring Tangible AR interfaces closer to our daily lives with further research.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1109/CGIV.2010.11
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 11-1998
Abstract: A person stands in front of a large projection screen on which is shown a checked floor. They say, "Make a table," and a wooden table appears in the middle of the floor."On the table, place a vase," they gesture using a fist relative to palm of their other hand to show the relative location of the vase on the table. A vase appears at the correct location."Next to the table place a chair." A chair appears to the right of the table."Rotate it like this," while rotating their hand causes the chair to turn towards the table."View the scene from this direction," they say while pointing one hand towards the palm of the other. The scene rotates to match their hand orientation. In a matter of moments, a simple scene has been created using natural speech and gesture. The interface of the future? Not at all Koons, Thorisson and Bolt demonstrated this work in 1992 [23]. Although research such as this has shown the value of combining speech and gesture at the interface, most computer graphics are still being developed with tools no more intuitive than a mouse and keyboard. This need not be the case. Current speech and gesture technologies make multimodal interfaces with combined voice and gesture input easily achievable. There are several commercial versions of continuous dictation software currently available, while tablets and pens are widely supported in graphics applications. However, having this capability doesn't mean that voice and gesture should be added to every modeling package in a haphazard manner. There are numerous issues that must be addressed in order to develop an intuitive interface that uses the strengths of both input modalities.In this article we describe motivations for adding voice and gesture to graphical applications, review previous work showing different ways these modalities may be used and outline some general interface guidelines. Finally, we give an overview of promising areas for future research. Our motivation for writing this is to spur developers to build compelling interfaces that will make speech and gesture as common on the desktop as the keyboard and mouse.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-05-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1109/CGIV.2009.29
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-11-2020
DOI: 10.1002/ALZ.12188
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2001
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-01-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: MIT Press - Journals
Date: 04-2002
Abstract: In this paper, we describe two explorations in the use of hybrid user interfaces for collaborative geographic data visualization. Our first interface combines three technologies: augmented reality (AR), immersive virtual reality (VR), and computer vision-based hand and object tracking. Wearing a lightweight display with an attached camera, users can look at a real map and see three-dimensional virtual terrain models overlaid on the map. From this AR interface, they can fly in and experience the model immersively, or use free hand gestures or physical markers to change the data representation. Building on this work, our second interface explores alternative interface techniques, including a zoomable user interface, paddle interactions, and pen annotations. We describe the system hardware and software and the implications for GIS and spatial science applications.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-11-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Now Publishers
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1561/1100000049
Publisher: ACM
Date: 25-04-2020
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-066-0.CH005
Abstract: Mobile phones are evolving into the ideal platform for Augmented Reality (AR). In this chapter we describe how augmented reality applications can be developed for mobile phones and the interaction metaphors that are ideally suited for this platform. Several s le applications are described which explore different interaction techniques. User study results show that moving the phone to interact with virtual content is an intuitive way to select and position virtual objects. A collaborative AR game is also presented with an evaluation study. Users preferred playing with the collaborative AR interface than with a non-AR interface and also found physical phone motion to be a very natural input method. This results discussed in this chapter should assist researchers in developing their own mobile phone based AR applications.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2002
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-11-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-11-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-12-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2004
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2006
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1109/MPRV.2014.81
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: Springer London
Date: 2012
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1109/MPRV.2015.56
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-1999
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-11-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 29-11-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 03-12-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-10-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 25-04-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc. Press
Date: 1995
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 21-03-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610217002903
Abstract: Emerging genetic, ex-vivo, and clinical trial evidence indicates that calcium channel blockers (CCB) can improve mood and cognitive function. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) therapy augmented with CCB on depression and cognitive decline in an elderly population with hypertension. Prospective study of 296 persons treated with SSRI and antihypertensive drugs. Baseline and two year clinic assessments were used to categorize participants as users of SSRI + CCB ( n = 53) or users of SSRI + other antihypertensives ( n = 243). Clinic visits were performed up to four times in a ten-year period to assess depression and cognitive function. The s le mean age was 75.2 ± 5.47 years and 78% of participants were female. At two year follow-up there was a significant group by time interaction showing lower Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CESD) scores in the SSRI + CCB group, F (1,291) = 4.13, p = 0.043, η 2 p = 0.014. Over ten-years follow-up, SSRI + CCB use was associated with improved general cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination: β = 0.97 95% CI 0.14 to 1.81, p = 0.023) and immediate visual memory (Boston Visual Retention Test: β = 0.69 95% CI 0.06 to 1.32, p = 0.033). The findings provide general population evidence that SSRI augmentation with CCB may improve depression and cognitive function.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-04-2022
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 22-09-2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-11-2015
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2006
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-10-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-11-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-04-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-11-2013
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2013
Abstract: The proliferation of pedestrian navigation tools has made it challenging for users to avoid being confused and overwhelmed by the choices. Studies comparing mobile pedestrian navigation aides have generally based conclusions on either survey results from separate trials of exclusive interface usage or on performance of the interfaces as judged by the speed with which users are able to complete wayfinding tasks. However, it is not clear if users would mirror their in idual trials or find a more strategic mixed-mode approach to using the tools at their disposal when given an option to choose from a set of tools. It is also unclear if users actually care about performance when choosing a navigation tool. We conducted a study to compare actual usage of navigation tools against user perception of the tools and performance with the tools in a series of wayfinding tasks. Results indicate that independent surveys can align well with extreme cases while performance may not actually be a good indicator of usage preferences.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-11-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-04-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-86397-7
Abstract: Sex differences in late-life memory decline may be explained by sex differences in dementia risk factors. Episodic memory and dementia risk factors were assessed in young, middle-aged and older adults over 12 years in a population-based s le (N = 7485). For men in midlife and old age, physical, cognitive and social activities were associated with less memory decline, and financial hardship was associated with more. APOE e4 and vascular risk factors were associated with memory decline for women in midlife. Depression, cognitive and physical activity were associated with memory change in older women. Incident midlife hypertension (β = − 0.48, 95% CI − 0.87, − 0.09, p = 0.02) was associated with greater memory decline in women and incident late-life stroke accounted for greater memory decline in men (β = − 0.56, 95% CI − 1.12, − 0.01), p = 0.05). Women have fewer modifiable risk factors than men. Stroke and hypertension explained sex differences in memory decline for men and women respectively.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-09-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-11-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 1996
Publisher: ACM
Date: 17-11-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-05-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-07-2002
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-693-8.CH017
Abstract: Interactive tables are becoming increasingly popular. In this chapter, we describe a collaborative tabletop environment that is designed for brainstorming meetings. After describing the user requirements, we demonstrate different possible solutions for both the display and the tracking implementation, and summarize related work. Finally, we conclude with a more detailed description of the Shared Design Space. Using a digital pen, participants can annotate not only virtual paper, but also real printouts. By integrating both forms of physical and digital paper, we combine virtual and real drawings, threedimensional models, and digital data in a single information space. We discuss the unique way that we have integrated these devices and how they can be used efficiently during a design process.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-06-2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2019
Abstract: Noncommunicable disease now contributes to the World Health Organization top 10 causes of death in low-, middle- and high-income countries. Particular ex les include stroke, coronary heart disease, dementia and certain cancers. Research linking clinical and lifestyle risk factors to increased risk of noncommunicable disease is now well established with ex les of confirmed risk factors, including smoking, physical inactivity, obesity and hypertension. However, despite a need to target our resources to achieve risk reduction, relatively little work has examined the overlap between the risk factors for these main noncommunicable diseases. Our high-level review draws together the evidence in this area. Using a systematic overview of reviews, we demonstrate the likely commonality of established risk factors having an impact on multiple noncommunicable disease outcomes. For ex le, systematic reviews of the evidence on physical inactivity and poor diet found each to be associated with increased risk of cancers, coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus and dementia. We highlight the potential for targeted risk reduction to simultaneously impact multiple noncommunicable disease areas. These relationships now need to be further quantified to allow the most effective development of public health interventions in this area.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-11-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 1997
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2019
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2005
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2010
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-11-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAMDA.2018.08.002
Abstract: The objective was to test the hypothesis that antihypertensive drugs have a differential effect on cognition in carriers and noncarriers of the apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) polymorphism. Prospective population-based cohort, France. A total of 3359 persons using antihypertensive drugs (median age 74 years, 62% women) were serially assessed up to 10 years follow-up. Exposure to antihypertensive drug use was established in the first 2 years. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline, 2, 4, 7, and 10 years with a validated test battery covering global cognition, verbal fluency, immediate visual recognition memory, processing speed, and executive function. Clinically significant change in cognitive function was determined using reliable change indices represented as z scores and analyzed with linear mixed-models. From 3359 persons exposed to antihypertensive drugs, 653 were APOE4 carriers (5.1% homozygous, 94.9% heterozygous) and median follow-up was 5.2 years (interquartile range 3.7-8.0). In APOE4 carriers, improved general cognitive function over time was associated with exposure to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors [β = .14 95% confidence interval (CI) .06-.23, P = .001] and angiotensin receptor blockers (β = .11 95% CI .02-.21, P = .019). Improved verbal fluency was associated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (β = .11 95% CI .03-.20, P = .012). Renin-angiotensin-system blockade was associated with improved general cognitive function in APOE4 carriers. Findings did not support renin-angiotensin-system drugs' lipophilicity or ability to cross the blood-brain barrier as potential mechanisms. The findings have implications for selecting the optimal antihypertensive drug in older populations at risk of cognitive decline and dementia.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1109/MCG.2014.8
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1109/ACHI.2008.8
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-08-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-17359-2
Abstract: Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Science Publications
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 08-2020
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.2019.156
Abstract: The global ageing population and the long prodromal period for the development of cognitive decline and dementia brings a need to understand the antecedents of both successful and impaired cognitive ageing. It is increasingly apparent that the trajectory of risk-factor change, as well as the level of the risk factor, may be associated with an increased or decreased risk of cognitive decline or dementia. Our aim was to summarise the published evidence and to generate hypotheses related to risk-factor trajectories and risk of incident cognitive decline or dementia. We collated data from longitudinal observational studies relating to trajectory of blood pressure, obesity and cholesterol and later cognitive decline or dementia using standard systematic review methodology. The databases MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO were searched from inception to 26 April 2018. Thirteen articles were retained for inclusion. Analytical methods varied. Our summary of the current evidence base suggests that first body mass index and then blood pressure rises and then falls more steeply in those who go on to develop dementia. The evidence for cholesterol was less consistent. Based on our review we present the hypothesis that weight falls around 10 years and blood pressure around 5 years before diagnosis. Confirmatory work is required. However, characterisation of risk according to combinations and patterns of risk factors may ultimately be integrated into the assessments used to identify those at risk of receiving a diagnosis of cognitive decline or dementia in late life.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-04-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2001
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-10-2018
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 12-10-2020
DOI: 10.1145/3357206
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-08-2015
Publisher: Springer New York
Date: 2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-04-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 24-11-2014
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.1109/MC.2012.111
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-01-2019
Abstract: there is a growing body of evidence demonstrating an association between subjective memory complaints (SMC) and an increased risk of incident cognitive decline or dementia. To date this has not been examined in hypertensive older adults, a prevalent and growing population group at high risk of cognitive decline. using data from participants in the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial cohort the association between baseline SMC and incident cognitive decline and dementia was examined using Cox proportional hazard regression. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Exam and diagnoses of dementia were made using standard diagnostic criteria. SMC was assessed by the question 'do you feel that you have more problems with memory than most?' Analyses were rerun to examine the associations by level of baseline cognitive function, to evaluate the role of SMC by dementia type and by sex. baseline SMC were associated with an increased risk of developing any dementia (hazard ratio (HR)1.63 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.18:2.25)), Alzheimer's disease (HR1.59 (95% CI: 1.08:2.34)) and vascular dementia (HR2.05 (95% CI: 1.19:3.54)). Similar patterns were seen across all levels of baseline MMSE but were strongest in those with scores of 25-27. There were no clear differences by sex. a positive report of SMC assessed by a single question in an older adult with hypertension raises the possibility of increased risk of incident dementia. As such its use may be a useful addition to the repertoire of the general practitioner and geriatrician when assessing older adults.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1998
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 02-2013
Abstract: This article investigates the effect of various design parameters of auditory information display on user performance in two basic information retrieval tasks. We conducted a user test with 22 participants in which sets of sound s les were presented. In the first task, the test participants were asked to detect a given s le among a set of s les. In the second task, the test participants were asked to estimate the relative number of instances of a given s le in two sets of s les. We found that the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) of the sound s les had a significant effect on user performance in both tasks. For the s le detection task, the average error rate was about 10% with an SOA of 100 ms. For the numerosity estimation task, an SOA of at least 200 ms was necessary to yield average error rates lower than 30%. Other parameters, including the s les' sound type (synthesized speech or earcons) and spatial quality (multichannel loudspeaker or diotic headphone playback), had no substantial effect on user performance. These results suggest that diotic, or indeed monophonic, playback with appropriately chosen SOA may be sufficient in practical applications for users to perform the given information retrieval tasks, if information about the s le location is not relevant. If location information was provided through spatial playback of the s les, test subjects were able to simultaneously detect and localize a s le with reasonable accuracy.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2003
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2021
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2005
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-09-2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2003
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1998
DOI: 10.1007/BF01409795
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 24-04-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 10-09-2007
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Inderscience Publishers
Date: 2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 20-02-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Penerbit UTM Press
Date: 21-12-2015
DOI: 10.11113/JT.V78.6923
Abstract: Interaction for Handheld Augmented Reality (HAR) is a challenging research topic because of the small screen display and limited input options. Although 2D touch screen input is widely used, 3D gesture interaction is a suggested alternative input method. Recent 3D gesture interaction research mainly focuses on using RGB-Depth cameras to detect the spatial position and pose of fingers, using this data for virtual object manipulations in the AR scene. In this paper we review previous 3D gesture research on handheld interaction metaphors for HAR. We present their novelties as well as limitations, and discuss future research directions of 3D gesture interaction for HAR. Our results indicate that 3D gesture input on HAR is a potential interaction method for assisting a user in many tasks such as in education, urban simulation and 3D games.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-04-2013
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 13-09-2017
DOI: 10.1017/S1041610217001685
Abstract: Dementia is a neurodegenerative disorder with global impact, with the largest proportion of cases occurring in low- and middle-income countries. It is estimated that there are 46.8 million cases globally with approximately 10 million new cases each year or a new case occurring every 3 sec (Prince et al. , 2015). For comparison there are 36.7 million HIV cases with an estimated 2 million new cases each year (WHO, 2017). The rise in dementia prevalence is largely due to population ageing, with the oldest being at highest risk. To date there are no diseases modifying medications for Alzheimer's disease or the other causes of dementia. Academics and research groups are increasingly focused on prevention or delay of dementia (Brayne and Miller, 2017) and a number of organizations now prioritize dementia, indicating a strong and coherent international effort to address this problem. Ex les include the World Health Organisation (WHO), which has established a Global Dementia Observatory the World Dementia Council the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) the U.S. National Alzheimer's Project Act (NAPA) and the Global Council on Brain Health.
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2006
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-12-2018
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 10-09-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-12-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-12-2018
Publisher: Springer New York
Date: 2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-11-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-20128-W
Abstract: Correction to this paper has been published: 0.1038/s41467-020-20128-w
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-11-2007
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-11-2006
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 17-02-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 10-04-2010
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-03-2023
DOI: 10.3390/MTI7030032
Abstract: Virtual Reality (VR) technology is gaining in popularity as a research tool for studying human behavior. However, the use of VR technology for remote testing is still an emerging field. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of conducting remote VR behavioral experiments that require millisecond timing. Participants were recruited via an online crowdsourcing platform and accessed a task on the classic cognitive phenomenon “Inhibition of Return” through a web browser using their own VR headset or desktop computer (68 participants in each group). The results confirm previous research that remote participants using desktop computers can be used effectively for conducting time-critical cognitive experiments. However, inhibition of return was only partially replicated for the VR headset group. Exploratory analyses revealed that technical factors, such as headset type, were likely to significantly impact variability and must be mitigated to obtain accurate results. This study demonstrates the potential for remote VR testing to broaden the research scope and reach a larger participant population. Crowdsourcing services appear to be an efficient and effective way to recruit participants for remote behavioral testing using high-end VR headsets.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-11-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: ACM
Date: 17-08-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2010
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2005
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2005
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2019
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 11-02-2021
DOI: 10.1071/PY20189
Abstract: This study examined Australian primary healthcare providers’ knowledge about dementia risk factors and risk reduction and their perspectives on barriers and enablers to risk reduction in practice. Primary healthcare providers were recruited through Primary Health Networks across Australia (n = 51). Participants completed an online survey that consisted of fixed-responses and free-text components to assess their knowledge, attitudes and current practices relating to dementia risk factors and risk reduction techniques. The results showed that Australian primary healthcare providers have good knowledge about the modifiable risk factors for dementia however, face several barriers to working with patients to reduce dementia risk. Commonly reported barriers included low patient motivation and healthcare system level limitations. The most commonly reported recommendations to helping primary healthcare providers to work with patients to reduce dementia risk included increasing resources and improving dementia awareness and messaging. While the results need to be interpreted in the context of the limitations of this study, we conclude that collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, policy makers and the media are needed to support the uptake of risk reduction activities in primary care settings.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-02-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S42003-020-01469-0
Abstract: Here we report the DNA methylation profile of 84 sporadic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) with associated clinical and genomic information. We identified three subgroups of PanNETs, termed T1, T2 and T3, with distinct patterns of methylation. The T1 subgroup was enriched for functional tumors and ATRX , DAXX and MEN1 wild-type genotypes. The T2 subgroup contained tumors with mutations in ATRX , DAXX and MEN1 and recurrent patterns of chromosomal losses in half of the genome with no association between regions with recurrent loss and methylation levels. T2 tumors were larger and had lower methylation in the MGMT gene body, which showed positive correlation with gene expression. The T3 subgroup harboured mutations in MEN1 with recurrent loss of chromosome 11, was enriched for grade G1 tumors and showed histological parameters associated with better prognosis. Our results suggest a role for methylation in both driving tumorigenesis and potentially stratifying prognosis in PanNETs.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-01-2016
Abstract: Research links blood pressure variability ( BPV ) with stroke however, the association with cerebral small‐vessel disease ( CSVD ) remains unclear. As BPV and mean blood pressure are interrelated, it remains uncertain whether BPV adds additional information to understanding cerebrovascular morphological characteristics. A systematic review was performed from inception until March 3, 2019. Eligibility criteria included population, adults without stroke ( weeks) exposure, BPV quantified by any metric over any duration comparison, (1) low versus high or mean BPV and (2) people with versus without CSVD and outcomes, (1) CSVD as subcortical infarct, lacunae, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, or enlarged perivascular spaces and (2) standardized mean difference in BPV . A total of 27 articles were meta‐analyzed, comprising 12 309 unique brain scans. A total of 31 odds ratios ( OR s) were pooled, indicating that higher systolic BPV was associated with higher odds for CSVD ( OR, 1.27 95% CI, 1.14–1.42 I 2 =85%) independent of mean systolic pressure. Likewise, higher diastolic BPV was associated with higher odds for CSVD ( OR, 1.30 95% CI, 1.14–1.48 I 2 =53%) independent of mean diastolic pressure. There was no evidence of a pairwise interaction between systolic/diastolic and BPV /mean OR s ( P =0.47), nor a difference between BPV versus mean pressure OR s ( P =0.58). Fifty‐four standardized mean differences were pooled and provided similar results for pairwise interaction ( P =0.38) and difference between standardized mean differences ( P =0.70). On the basis of the available studies, BPV was associated with CSVD independent of mean blood pressure. However, more high‐quality longitudinal data are required to elucidate whether BPV contributes unique variance to CSVD morphological characteristics.
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2008
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-11-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-11-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-12-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-11-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-05-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-08-2016
DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2016.1219222
Abstract: The main Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET) demonstrated a very marked reduction in cardiovascular events by treating hypertensive participants 80 years or older with a low dose, sustained release prescription of indapamide (indapamide SR, 1.5 mg) to which was added a low dose of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in two-thirds of cases (perindopril 2-4 mg). This report from the ambulatory blood pressure sub-study investigates whether changes in arterial stiffness and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) could both explain the benefits observed in the main trial. A total of 139 participants were randomized to placebo [67] and to active treatment [72] and had both day and night observations of BP and arterial stiffness as determined from the Q wave Korotkoff diastolic (QKD) interval. The QKD interval was 5.6 ms longer (p = 0.017) in the actively treated group at night than in the placebo group. This was not true for the more numerous daytime readings so that 24-h results were similar in the two groups. The QKD interval remained longer at night in the actively treated group even when adjusted for systolic pressure, heart rate and height. The reduced arterial stiffness at night may partly explain the marked benefits observed in the main trial.
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2008
Publisher: ACM
Date: 29-10-2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-10-2023
Publisher: Korean Society for Internet Information (KSII)
Date: 31-12-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 17-11-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 1999
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-11-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-2007
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-2007
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2012
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-05-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 20-04-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 17-11-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-06-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-09-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-10-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2014
DOI: 10.1145/2686612
Publisher: The Open Journal
Date: 23-03-2022
DOI: 10.21105/JOSS.04045
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 23-07-2018
Abstract: Our aim was to systematically review the relationship between iron and incident cognitive decline or dementia from midlife onwards. Systematic review of eligible studies using Medline, Embase and PsycINFO ® for the period from 1 January 1986 to 2 December 2016 (CRD42016023800), where study populations had a mean age of over 50 years and were free of cognitive impairment or dementia at baseline. Two authors independently extracted data according to eligibility criteria and assessed study characteristics, quality and outcomes. Disagreement was resolved by discussion. A total of 1185 relevant records were identified with 12 full-text articles eligible for review. Six studies were excluded, leaving six texts to be included. S le size ranged from 90 to 7173, with an average follow up of approximately 11.5 years. Baseline iron measures included brain iron ( n = 2), iron-related biomarkers in blood and plasma ( n = 2), and iron intake estimates from dietary records ( n = 2). Outcomes were dementia incidence ( n = 2) and longitudinal outcomes on neuropsychological tests ( n = 4). Bias was evident across studies in one or more of the following: recruitment, iron exposure, outcome assessments, potential confounders, missing data or attrition. Diversity across the small number of identified studies precludes conclusions regarding the role of iron in cognitive decline or dementia. Our review highlights substantial gaps in the evidence base and the need for more comprehensive, higher quality studies in this area.
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 02-2005
Abstract: Most interactive computer graphics appear on a screen separate from the real world and the user's surroundings. However this does not always have to be the case. In augmented reality (AR) interfaces, three-dimensional virtual images appear superimposed over real objects. AR applications typically use head-mounted or handheld displays to make computer graphics appear in the user's environment.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-10-2023
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 1998
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-12-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1109/2.738305
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-2020
Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of using augmented reality (AR) annotations and two different gaze visualizations, head pointer (HP) and eye gaze (EG), in an AR system for remote collaboration on physical tasks. First, we developed a spatial AR remote collaboration platform that supports sharing the remote expert’s HP or EG cues. Then the prototype system was evaluated with a user study comparing three conditions for sharing non-verbal cues: (1) a cursor pointer (CP), (2) HP and (3) EG with respect to task performance, workload assessment and user experience. We found that there was a clear difference between these three conditions in the performance time but no significant difference between the HP and EG conditions. When considering the perceived collaboration quality, the HP/EG interface was statistically significantly higher than the CP interface, but there was no significant difference for workload assessment between these three conditions. We used low-cost head tracking for the HP cue and found that this served as an effective referential pointer. This implies that in some circumstances, HP could be a good proxy for EG in remote collaboration. Head pointing is more accessible and cheaper to use than more expensive eye-tracking hardware and paves the way for multi-modal interaction based on HP and gesture in AR remote collaboration.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-03-2019
Publisher: International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
Date: 15-09-1989
DOI: 10.1107/S0108270189001162
Abstract: [C7H16AsO2]+.Br, Mr = 287.03, orthorhombic, P2(1)2(1)2(1), a = 10.121 (3), b = 11.745 (2), c = 9.530 (1) A, V = 1132.8 (6) A3, Z = 4, Dx = 1.682 Mg m-3, lambda(Mo K alpha) = 0.71069 A, mu = 6.86 mm-1, F(000) = 568, T = 296 K, R = 0.034 for 919 observed reflections. Crystalline acetylarsenocholine bromide exists in the trans-gauche conformation which is similar to the solution conformation of acetylcholine. The cationic structure is compared with known crystalline acetylcholine salts. In the crystal structure, each Br ion appears to link the arsonium ends of four cations.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 05-04-2018
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 24-09-2012
DOI: 10.2138/AM.2012.4127
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-11-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-11-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-11-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2019
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2002
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2002
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-05-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2007
DOI: 10.1109/ICAT.2007.16
Publisher: ACM
Date: 19-04-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2007
DOI: 10.1109/ICAT.2007.12
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2018-022846
Abstract: To systematically review the literature relating to the impact of multiple co-occurring modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature relating to the impact of co-occurring key risk factors for incident cognitive decline and dementia. All abstracts and full text were screened independently by two reviewers and each article assessed for bias using a standard checklist. A fixed effects meta-analysis was undertaken. Databases Medline, Embase and PsycINFO were searched from 1999 to 2017. For inclusion articles were required to report longitudinal data from participants free of cognitive decline at baseline, with formal assessment of cognitive function or dementia during follow-up, and an aim to examine the impact of additive or clustered comorbid risk factor burden in with two or more core modifiable risk factors. Seventy-nine full-text articles were examined. Twenty-two articles (18 studies) were included reporting data on 000 participants. Included studies consistently reported an increased risk associated with greater numbers of intrain idual risk factors or unhealthy behaviours and the opposite for healthy or protective behaviours. A meta-analysis of studies with dementia outcomes resulted in a pooled relative risk for dementia of 1.20 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.39) for one risk factor, 1.65 (95% CI 1.40 to 1.94) for two and 2.21 (95% CI 1.78 to 2.73) for three or more, relative to no risk factors. Limitations include dependence on published results and variations in study outcome, cognitive assessment, length of follow-up and definition of risk factor exposure. The strength of the reported associations, the consistency across studies and the suggestion of a dose response supports a need to keep modifiable risk factor exposure to a minimum and to avoid exposure to additional modifiable risks. Further research is needed to establish whether particular combinations of risk factors confer greater risk than others. 42016052914.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-09-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2000
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2006
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-11-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-11-2013
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2002
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-12-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 07-11-2022
DOI: 10.1145/3555564
Abstract: In a remote collaboration involving a physical task, visualising gaze behaviours may compensate for other unavailable communication channels. In this paper, we report on a 360° panoramic Mixed Reality (MR) remote collaboration system that shares gaze behaviour visualisations between a local user in Augmented Reality and a remote collaborator in Virtual Reality. We conducted two user studies to evaluate the design of MR gaze interfaces and the effect of gaze behaviour (on/off) and gaze style (bi-/uni-directional). The results indicate that gaze visualisations lify meaningful joint attention and improve co-presence compared to a no gaze condition. Gaze behaviour visualisations enable communication to be less verbally complex therefore lowering collaborators' cognitive load while improving mutual understanding. Users felt that bi-directional behaviour visualisation, showing both collaborator's gaze state, was the preferred condition since it enabled easy identification of shared interests and task progress.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2012
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 08-02-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-12-2015
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2003
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-07-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1109/ISMAR.2015.9
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2002
Publisher: Springer New York
Date: 2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 11-02-2003
Publisher: ACM
Date: 03-12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-05-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-06-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-04-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-01-2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 1999
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-11-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 11-2006
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-03-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-07-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2007
Abstract: Future space exploration will demand the cultivation of human-robotic systems, however, little attention has been paid to the development of human-robot teams. Current methods for autonomous plan creation are often complex and difficult to use. So a system is needed that enables humans and robotic systems to naturally and effectively collaborate. Effective collaboration takes place when the participants are able to communicate in a natural and effective manner. Grounding, the common understanding between conversational participants, shared spatial referencing and situational awareness, are crucial components of communication and collaboration. This paper briefly reviews the fields of human-robot interaction and Augmented Reality (AR), the overlaying of computer graphics onto the real worldview. The strengths of AR are discussed and how they might be used for more effective human-robot collaboration is described. Then a description of an architecture that we have developed is given that uses AR as a means for real time understanding of the shared spatial scene. This architecture enables grounding and enhances situational awareness, thus laying the necessary groundwork for natural and effective human-robot collaboration.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 25-11-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-12-2021
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-05-2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-07-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 14-11-2022
DOI: 10.1145/3567741
Abstract: When collaborating face-to-face, people commonly use the surfaces and spaces around them to perform sensemaking tasks, such as spatially organising documents, notes or images. However, when people collaborate remotely using desktop interfaces they no longer feel like they are sharing the same space. This limitation may be overcome through collaboration in immersive environments, which simulate the physical in-person experience. In this paper, we report on a between-groups study comparing collaborations on image organisation tasks, in an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) environment to more conventional desktop conferencing. Collecting data from 40 subjects in groups of four, we measured task performance, user behaviours, collaboration engagement and awareness. Overall, the VR and desktop interface resulted in similar speed, accuracy and social presence rating, but we observed more conversations and interaction with objects, and more equal contributions to the interaction from participants within groups in VR. We also identified differences in coordination and collaborative awareness behaviours between VR and desktop platforms. We report on a set of systematic measures for assessing VR collaborative experience and a new analysis tool that we have developed to capture user behaviours in collaborative setting. Finally, we provide design considerations and directions for future work.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 24-08-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1109/ISMAR.2005.7
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-11-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2003
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-12-2022
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-05-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2012
Publisher: SERDI
Date: 2017
Abstract: The evidence for specific risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia and all cause dementia is increasing rapidly in quantity and quality. This has enabled the compilation of risk assessment tools for Alzheimer’s disease (1), and their validation (2). It has also supported the promulgation of public health messaging about dementia risk reduction or dementia prevention. In general these developments are strong advances in the field of dementia prevention. However, the oversimplification of the findings and possible over-or mis-interpretation of their meaning, poses risks to accurate and effective knowledge translation in this field. Lack of balance in the interpretation of evidence on risk factors for dementia may lead to trials of interventions for dementia prevention that are ineffective. This will waste resources and create pessimism about dementia prevention research. Two potential problems that may occur when translating evidence from observational research into prescriptions for prevention are identified here. The first is the generalisation of specific findings about risk factors either to multiple types of dementia or to multiple populations, when the evidence is in fact relevant to specific populations or outcomes. The second is the inference that reversal of a risk factor will lead to prevention, without knowledge of the threshold at which a factor becomes a ‘risk’, or evidence that reversal of the risk factor also reverses neuropathological processes instigated or caused by the risk factor.
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1007/11941354_10
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-0004
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-04-2022
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 03-02-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1109/SVR.2012.4
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 09-2014
Abstract: Sketching leverages human skills for various purposes, such as content authoring. This paper explores the different aspects of sketch-based interaction in augmented reality. We explore the design space of sketching in in-place augmented reality with particular attention to AR games. We propose a contextual model that offers a framework for the exploration of the design space by the research community. We describe different case studies of sketch-based AR games we developed based on our shape-based tracking library and our sketch-based 3-D game engine. We finally present user feedback from our games and introduce guidelines for AR game designers focusing on sketch-based interaction.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-1998
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 06-05-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 05-08-2021
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1007/11941354_20
Publisher: ACM
Date: 20-10-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 09-11-2018
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2003
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1007/11941354_28
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1109/ACHI.2008.38
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 29-11-2005
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2008
DOI: 10.1109/MPRV.2008.27
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2009
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 1999
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 03-12-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 15-06-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Date: 27-09-2022
Abstract: Key findings, analysis and recommendations that have emerged from a research project, ‘Using Human Language Technology to enhance academic integrity, inclusivity, knowledge exchange, student ersity and retention’ at the University of South Australia conducted in 2019 are discussed in this article. The primary purpose of the project was to address some of the challenges and opportunities afforded by increasing student and teacher ersity at a predominantly English-medium Australian university through newly enhanced human language translation technology (HLT) also known as machine translation (MT). This technology is frequently used for the translation of human language, and it falls under the umbrella of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. From the institution’s perspective, key aims of the project were to contribute to the university’s Digital Learning Strategy priorities and core values embedded in a structural transformation of the university. These include integrity, accountability, ersity, social justice, engagement and collaboration. The researchers’ objectives focussed on multilingual pedagogies using HLT to support knowledge exchange (transknowledging), and translanguaging for all students. These disrupt inequitable hierarchies, and position bi-/multilingual students as valuable resources for monolingual staff and students.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-01-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-07-2022
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-02-2016
Abstract: We explored the dual-task costs of climbers performing a visual communication task using a head-mounted display (HMD) while simultaneously climbing along a vertical surface. Climbing is affected by secondary auditory cognitive tasks, and climbing impairs later recall of secondary task information the effects of visually presented tasks are less clear. Given that HMDs are projected to be adopted into emergency response work, questions are raised about the effects of HMD use during climbing or other physical tasks. Climbers performed five conditions—a climbing-only condition, two dual-task climbing conditions (words presented on the HMD with and without auditory warnings while climbing), and two seated control conditions (words presented on the HMD with and without auditory warnings)—in a repeated-measures design. Motion data were also collected to examine participant motion around word presentation. We found a decrease in both climbing performance and word recall under dual-task conditions, paralleling results found in previous research using auditory tasks. Participants slowed around word presentations on the HMD. Additional comparisons to previous research indicate that physical tasks may be more detrimental to word recall than are seated tasks and that visual stimuli might hinder climbing performance more than do audible stimuli. Complex physical activity, like climbing, is disruptive to memory rehearsal and later recall, and cognitive tasks disrupt physical performance. Avoiding cognitive HMD tasks requiring later recall during complex physical activity is advisable. However, these systems may be developed to provide intelligent assistance, or memory augmentation, in these settings.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.1109/SVR.2016.25
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2004
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 05-2005
Abstract: As computers become invisible, the interface between human and machine is increasingly important. The proliferation of computing and communication devices with improved capabilities creates a wealth of opportunities for new types of human computer interaction. However many companies have little experience in building intuitive interfaces. Thus there is a need for research organizations that can develop next generation computer interfaces.
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-10-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-11-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2020
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-18151-Y
Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA s les, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological ergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 24-07-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-07-2008
Publisher: Intellect
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1386/VCR_00006_1
Abstract: Abstract This research explores the development of a novel method and apparatus for creating spherical panoramas enhanced with high dynamic range (HDR) for high fidelity Virtual Reality 360 degree (VR360) user experiences. A VR360 interactive panorama presentation using spherical panoramas can provide virtual interactivity and wider viewing coverage with three degrees of freedom, users can look around in multiple directions within the VR360 experiences, gaining the sense of being in control of their own engagement. This degree of freedom is facilitated by the use of mobile displays or head-mount-devices. However, in terms of image reproduction, the exposure range can be a major difficulty in reproducing a high contrast real-world scene. Imaging variables caused by difficulties and obstacles can occur during the production process of spherical panorama facilitated with HDR. This may result in inaccurate image reproduction for location-based subjects, which will in turn result in a poor VR360 user experience. In this article we describe a HDR spherical panorama reproduction approach (workflow and best practice) which can shorten the production processes, and reduce imaging variables, and technical obstacles and issues to a minimum. This leads to improved photographic image reproduction with fewer visual abnormalities for VR360 experiences, which can be adaptable into a wide range of interactive design applications. We describe the process in detail and also report on a user study that shows the proposed approach creates images which viewers prefer, on the whole, to those created using more complicated HDR methods, or to those created without the use of HDR at all.
Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
Date: 17-02-2021
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1980-20.2020
Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with a dramatically increasing prevalence and no disease-modifying treatment. Inflammatory lifestyle factors increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. Zinc deficiency is the most prevalent malnutrition in the world and may be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease potentially through enhanced inflammation, although evidence for this is limited. Here we provide epidemiological evidence suggesting that zinc supplementation was associated with reduced risk and slower cognitive decline, in people with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Using the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease fed a control (35 mg/kg zinc) or diet deficient in zinc (3 mg/kg zinc), we determined that zinc deficiency accelerated Alzheimer's-like memory deficits without modifying amyloid β plaque burden in the brains of male mice. The NLRP3-inflammasome complex is one of the most important regulators of inflammation, and we show here that zinc deficiency in immune cells, including microglia, potentiated NLRP3 responses to inflammatory stimuli in vitro , including amyloid oligomers, while zinc supplementation inhibited NLRP3 activation. APP/PS1 mice deficient in NLRP3 were protected against the accelerated cognitive decline with zinc deficiency. Collectively, this research suggests that zinc status is linked to inflammatory reactivity and may be modified in people to reduce the risk and slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Alzheimer's disease is a common condition mostly affecting the elderly. Zinc deficiency is also a global problem, especially in the elderly and also in people with Alzheimer's disease. Zinc deficiency contributes to many clinical disorders, including immune dysfunction. Inflammation is known to contribute to the risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease thus, we hypothesized that zinc status would affect Alzheimer's disease progression. Here we show that zinc supplementation reduced the prevalence and symptomatic decline in people with Alzheimer's disease. In an animal model of Alzheimer's disease, zinc deficiency worsened cognitive decline because of an enhancement in NLRP3-driven inflammation. Overall, our data suggest that zinc status affects Alzheimer's disease progression, and that zinc supplementation could slow the rate of cognitive decline.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-01-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2003
Publisher: ACM
Date: 25-07-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-03-2011
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-12-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 14-06-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-08-2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 11-11-2014
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2009
Publisher: The Eurographics Association
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2020
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 18-12-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 03-12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 1998
DOI: 10.1109/38.734976
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-06-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-10-2016
Publisher: American College of Physicians
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.7326/M20-4298
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 07-2005
Abstract: Users experience and verify immersive content firsthand while creating it within the same virtual environment.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-03-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S11548-016-1372-9
Abstract: Surgical navigation is typically shown on a computer display that is distant from the patient, making it difficult for the surgeon to watch the patient while performing a guided task. We investigate whether a light-weight, untracked, wearable display (such as Google Glass, which has the same size and weight as corrective glasses) can improve attentiveness to the surgical field in a simulated surgical task. Three displays were tested: a computer monitor a peripheral display above the eye and a through-the-lens display in front of the eye. Twelve subjects performed a task to position and orient a tracked tool on a plastic femur. Both wearable displays were tested on the dominant and non-dominant eyes of each subject. Attentiveness during the task was measured by the time taken to respond to randomly illuminated LEDs on the femur. Attentiveness was improved with the wearable displays at the cost of a decrease in accuracy. The through-the-lens display performed better than the peripheral display. The peripheral display performed better when on the dominant eye, while the through-the-lens display performed better when on the non-dominant eye. Attentiveness to the surgical field can be improved with the use of a light-weight, untracked, wearable display. A through-the-lens display performs better than a peripheral display, and both perform better than a computer monitor. Eye dominance should be considered when positioning the display.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-11-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 18-09-2020
DOI: 10.2196/18965
Abstract: Throughout March 2020, leaders in countries across the world were making crucial decisions about how and when to implement public health interventions to combat the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). They urgently needed tools to help them to explore what will work best in their specific circumstances of epidemic size and spread, and feasible intervention scenarios. We sought to rapidly develop a flexible, freely available simulation model for use by modelers and researchers to allow investigation of how various public health interventions implemented at various time points might change the shape of the COVID-19 epidemic curve. “COVOID” (COVID-19 Open-Source Infection Dynamics) is a stochastic in idual contact model (ICM), which extends the ICMs provided by the open-source EpiModel package for the R statistical computing environment. To demonstrate its use and inform urgent decisions on March 30, 2020, we modeled similar intervention scenarios to those reported by other investigators using various model types, as well as novel scenarios. The scenarios involved isolation of cases, moderate social distancing, and stricter population “lockdowns” enacted over varying time periods in a hypothetical population of 100,000 people. On April 30, 2020, we simulated the epidemic curve for the three contiguous local areas (population 287,344) in eastern Sydney, Australia that recorded 5.3% of Australian cases of COVID-19 through to April 30, 2020, under five different intervention scenarios and compared the modeled predictions with the observed epidemic curve for these areas. COVOID allocates each member of a population to one of seven compartments. The number of times in iduals in the various compartments interact with each other and their probability of transmitting infection at each interaction can be varied to simulate the effects of interventions. Using COVOID on March 30, 2020, we were able to replicate the epidemic response patterns to specific social distancing intervention scenarios reported by others. The simulated curve for three local areas of Sydney from March 1 to April 30, 2020, was similar to the observed epidemic curve in terms of peak numbers of cases, total numbers of cases, and duration under a scenario representing the public health measures that were actually enacted, including case isolation and r -up of testing and social distancing measures. COVOID allows rapid modeling of many potential intervention scenarios, can be tailored to erse settings, and requires only standard computing infrastructure. It replicates the epidemic curves produced by other models that require highly detailed population-level data, and its predicted epidemic curve, using parameters simulating the public health measures that were enacted, was similar in form to that actually observed in Sydney, Australia. Our team and collaborators are currently developing an extended open-source COVOID package comprising of a suite of tools to explore intervention scenarios using several categories of models.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-05-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2010
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-06-2019
Publisher: Springer US
Date: 2003
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 02-07-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.01.20144550
Abstract: The aim of this paper was to assess Australian primary healthcare providers’ perspectives and knowledge about dementia risk factors and risk reduction. Primary healthcare providers were recruited through Primary Health Networks across Australia (N = 51). Participants completed an online survey that consisted of fixed-response and free-text components to assess their knowledge, attitudes and current practices relating to dementia risk factors and risk reduction techniques. The survey results showed that over 85% of participants agree that quitting smoking, increasing physical activity, increasing social activity, and treating diabetes can help to reduce the risk of developing dementia. The top suggestions for dementia risk reduction by Australian primary healthcare providers included living a healthy lifestyle (36%), managing cardiovascular risk (17%), and cognitive stimulation (14%). The primary barriers identified for working with patients to reduce dementia risk included low patient motivation and healthcare system level limitations. The most common recommendations were increasing resources and improving dementia awareness and messaging. Collaborative efforts between researchers, media, clinicians, and policy makers are likely needed to support the uptake of risk reduction activities into primary care settings.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1093/BRAINCOMMS/FCAA109
Abstract: Epidemiological evidence suggests non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. However, clinical trials have found no evidence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug efficacy. This incongruence may be due to the wrong non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs being tested in robust clinical trials or the epidemiological findings being caused by confounding factors. Therefore, this study used logistic regression and the innovative approach of negative binomial generalized linear mixed modelling to investigate both prevalence and cognitive decline, respectively, in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging dataset for each commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and paracetamol. Use of most non-steroidal anti-inflammatories was associated with reduced Alzheimer’s disease prevalence yet no effect on cognitive decline was observed. Paracetamol had a similar effect on prevalence to these non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs suggesting this association is independent of the anti-inflammatory effects and that previous results may be due to spurious associations. Interestingly, diclofenac use was significantly associated with both reduce incidence and slower cognitive decline warranting further research into the potential therapeutic effects of diclofenac in Alzheimer’s disease.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-05-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: ACM
Date: 04-12-2018
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 07-2002
Abstract: Blending reality and virtuality, these interfaces let users see each other, along with virtual objects, allowing communication behaviors much more like face-to-face than like screen-based collaboration.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 09-10-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1109/38.920621
Publisher: International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education
Date: 15-10-2019
Abstract: In this study, the relationship between the usability of a mobile Augmented Reality (AR) tutorial system and cognitive load was examined. In this context, the relationship between perceived usefulness, the perceived ease of use, and the perceived natural interaction factors and intrinsic, extraneous, germane cognitive load were investigated. In addition, the effect of gender on this relationship was investigated. The research results show that there was a strong relationship between the perceived ease of use and the extraneous load in males, and there was a strong relationship between the perceived usefulness and the intrinsic load in females. Both the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use had a strong relationship with the germane cognitive load. Moreover, the perceived natural interaction had a strong relationship with the perceived usefulness in females and the perceived ease of use in males. This research will provide significant clues to AR software developers and researchers to help reduce or control cognitive load in the development of AR-based instructional software.
Publisher: Springer Vienna
Date: 26-10-2010
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2007
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-04-2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-07-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-08-2023
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2016
Abstract: Visual search performance was studied using auditory cues delivered over a bone conduction headset. Two types of auditory cues were employed to evaluate the effectiveness of such cues in an attention redirection task. Participants were required to locate and shoot targets at one of four locations on a screen when one of the two audio cues was delivered. Reaction and target acquisition times were significantly reduced when the binaurally spatialised cues were used compared to unlocalisable, monophonic cues. This appears to suggest that an auditory cue with directional information is far superior at aiding search tasks or alerting the user to redirect attention in the real-world space in comparison to a centered ‘monophonic’ cue. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of a binaurally spatialised, dynamic cue and point to its potential use in an information rich environment to provide useful and actionable information.
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 24-03-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2020GL091958
Abstract: Oceanic Rossby waves can propagate climate signals over considerable distances over long timescales. Using a long simulation from a coupled climate model, we examine oceanic and mixed atmosphere‐ocean teleconnections to the south‐western Indian Ocean (SWIO) associated with Rossby waves excited by the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Reconstruction of propagating ENSO‐induced sea‐level anomalies from the simulation using an optimized linear wave model with dissipation highlights the prominent role of baroclinic, rather than barotropic, Rossby waves in modulating sea‐surface heights. Between 9.5° and 18.5°S, El Niño‐associated anomalous anticyclonic wind‐stress fields initiate downwelling Rossby waves, potentially influencing SWIO regional climate around 1–4 seasons after El Niño peak, while also destructively interfering with upwelling waves triggered on the eastern boundary by oceanic teleconnections. Further south, weaker ENSO winds, dissipation, non‐linear processes, and interference from higher‐mode Rossby waves limit ENSO influences in the SWIO. In the model, ENSO‐associated predictability is therefore constrained by the “atmospheric” rather than “oceanic” bridge.
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 2023
Publisher: ACM
Date: 12-12-2011
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 05-03-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2016
Abstract: Current head mounted displays (HMDs) cover only a small section of the user’s visual field, preventing the use of peripheral onset cues. This study investigates whether a centrally positioned cue can use the pursuit motion reflex to reorient attention away from HMDs more quickly than arrow cues. Thirty participants recruited from the University of Canterbury c us were required to find and mark targets which appeared within a 200° visual arc of a central focused position after being given no directional cue, an arrow cue or a pursuit motion cue. A subgroup of less than half of the participants failed to extract directional information from pursuit motion cues and the remaining participants responded more slowly to the pursuit cues than the arrow cues. Arrow cues were responded to only 40ms slower than targets appearing within the participants’ peripheral vision indicating that the search for a reflexive orientation cue may be unnecessary.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 14-06-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FRVIR.2021.697367
Abstract: Gaze is one of the predominant communication cues and can provide valuable implicit information such as intention or focus when performing collaborative tasks. However, little research has been done on how virtual gaze cues combining spatial and temporal characteristics impact real-life physical tasks during face to face collaboration. In this study, we explore the effect of showing joint gaze interaction in an Augmented Reality (AR) interface by evaluating three bi-directional collaborative (BDC) gaze visualisations with three levels of gaze behaviours. Using three independent tasks, we found that all bi-directional collaborative BDC visualisations are rated significantly better at representing joint attention and user intention compared to a non-collaborative (NC) condition, and hence are considered more engaging. The Laser Eye condition, spatially embodied with gaze direction, is perceived significantly more effective as it encourages mutual gaze awareness with a relatively low mental effort in a less constrained workspace. In addition, by offering additional virtual representation that compensates for verbal descriptions and hand pointing, BDC gaze visualisations can encourage more conscious use of gaze cues coupled with deictic references during co-located symmetric collaboration. We provide a summary of the lessons learned, limitations of the study, and directions for future research.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-05-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-02-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-12-2020
DOI: 10.3390/INFORMATICS7040055
Abstract: Hyperscanning is a technique which simultaneously records the neural activity of two or more people. This is done using one of several neuroimaging methods, such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The use of hyperscanning has seen a dramatic rise in recent years to monitor social interactions between two or more people. Similarly, there has been an increase in the use of virtual reality (VR) for collaboration, and an increase in the frequency of social interactions being carried out in virtual environments (VE). In light of this, it is important to understand how interactions function within VEs, and how they can be enhanced to improve their quality in a VE. In this paper, we present some of the work that has been undertaken in the field of social neuroscience, with a special emphasis on hyperscanning. We also cover the literature detailing the work that has been carried out in the human–computer interaction domain that addresses remote collaboration. Finally, we present a way forward where these two research domains can be combined to explore how monitoring the neural activity of a group of participants in VE could enhance collaboration among them.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.5772/5664
Abstract: NASA's vision for space exploration stresses the cultivation of human-robotic systems. Similar systems are also envisaged for a variety of hazardous earthbound applications such as urban search and rescue. Recent research has pointed out that to reduce human workload, costs, fatigue driven error and risk, intelligent robotic systems will need to be a significant part of mission design. However, little attention has been paid to joint human-robot teams. Making human-robot collaboration natural and efficient is crucial. In particular, grounding, situational awareness, a common frame of reference and spatial referencing are vital in effective communication and collaboration. Augmented Reality (AR), the overlaying of computer graphics onto the real worldview, can provide the necessary means for a human-robotic system to fulfill these requirements for effective collaboration. This article reviews the field of human-robot interaction and augmented reality, investigates the potential avenues for creating natural human-robot collaboration through spatial dialogue utilizing AR and proposes a holistic architectural design for human-robot collaboration.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-12-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JALZ.2016.10.007
Abstract: Numerous diagnostic criteria have tried to tackle the variability in clinical manifestations and problematic diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) but none have been universally accepted. These criteria have not been readily comparable, impacting on clinical diagnosis rates and in turn prevalence estimates, research, and treatment. The Vascular Impairment of Cognition Classification Consensus Study (VICCCS) involved participants (81% academic researchers) from 27 countries in an online Delphi consensus study. Participants reviewed previously proposed concepts to develop new guidelines. VICCCS had a mean of 122 (98-153) respondents across the study and a 67% threshold to represent consensus. VICCCS redefined VCI including classification of mild and major forms of VCI and subtypes. It proposes new standardized VCI-associated terminology and future research priorities to address gaps in current knowledge. VICCCS proposes a consensus-based updated conceptualization of VCI intended to facilitate standardization in research.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 12-07-2023
DOI: 10.1126/SCIROBOTICS.ADI6347
Abstract: Companion robots with AI may usher a new science of social connectedness that requires the development of ethical frameworks.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
No related grants have been discovered for Mark Billinghurst.