ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2582-1086
Current Organisations
Australasian Sonographers Association
,
University of South Australia
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Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2003
Abstract: When making sonographic measurements of peripheral nerves, either for research or clinical purposes, it is important to have established that the measurements are valid. This study compared sonographic measurements and appearances of the ulnar nerve at the elbow with anatomic measurements of the nerve and with histologic findings. The results demonstrated that the anatomic measurements were very similar to the sonographic measurements of the nerve, when the nerve was imaged postdissection. However, the in situ sonographic measurements of the nerve were discrepant with the anatomic measurements of the nerve. This discrepancy occurred because the predissection sonographic measurement did not include the echogenic border surrounding the hypoechoic nerve. Histologic correlation demonstrated that the hypoechoic structure on the sonogram probably represented the major fascicle(s) of the nerve rather than the complete nerve and that the surrounding echogenic tissue represents the epineurial connective tissues of the nerve.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-09-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1747-4949.2010.00467.X
Abstract: Loss of muscle mass after stroke has implications for strength and functional ability and may also contribute to impaired glucose metabolism. Therefore, prevention of muscle loss is desirable. Before interventions to prevent loss of muscle can be designed and evaluated, the expected rate, magnitude and timing of muscle loss need to be understood. A systematic search was undertaken to identify all studies that investigated changes in skeletal muscle mass, volume or cross-sectional area in people after stroke. Studies that used either direct measures of muscle size (computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound) or measures of lean tissue mass (dual X-ray absorptiometry) were included. Fourteen trials were found and the results were pooled for differences in lean tissue mass between the paretic and the nonparetic leg and arm as well as differences in the midthigh cross-sectional area. In in iduals at least 6-month post-stroke, there was significantly less lean tissue mass in the paretic compared with the nonparetic lower limb (MD 342.3 g, 95% confidence interval 247.0–437.6 g) and upper limb (MD 239.9 g, 95% confidence interval 181.7–298.2 g), and significantly less midthigh muscle cross-sectional area (MD 15.4 cm 2 , 95% confidence interval 13.8–16.9 cm 2 ). There were insufficient data to pool with regard to change in muscle mass over time. There is a significant difference in the regional muscle mass in the paretic vs. the nonparetic limb in in iduals greater than 6-months poststroke but little is known about how early and how quickly changes in muscle mass occur.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/JMRS.299
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-06-2017
Abstract: Ultrasound is an established method of viewing the median nerve in the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). There is some evidence to suggest that immediate changes may occur in the median nerve before and after hand activity. The evidence for the validity and reliability of ultrasound for testing acute changes in the median nerve has not been systematically reviewed to date. To evaluate the evidence for visible change in ultrasound appearance of the median nerve after hand activity. A literature search was designed, and three reviewers independently selected published research for inclusion. Two reviewers independently appraised papers using the Evidence Based Library and Information Practice (EBLIP) appraisal checklist, while the third reviewer resolved discrepancies between appraisals. Ten studies were appraised and the results showed an increase in median nerve cross-sectional area following activity, with a return to normal size within 1 h following activity. Both healthy in iduals and those diagnosed with CTS participated, all were small convenience s les. Ultrasonographic measurements of the median nerve were reliable in the four studies reporting this, and the studies demonstrated high quality. Good-quality evidence as identified by the EBLIP appraisal checklist suggests that following hand activity, the median nerve changes in size in the carpal tunnel. The results may not be generalizable to all people and activities due to the use of small convenience s ling and narrow range of activities studied, in all of the studies appraised.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-02-2019
DOI: 10.1002/AJUM.12134
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 18-05-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1747-4949.2012.00824.X
Abstract: Stroke survivors have less muscle mass in their paretic limbs compared with nonparetic limbs, which may or may not be accompanied by changes in regional and/or whole body fat mass. To examine the current evidence regarding differences in regional fat mass between paretic and nonparetic limbs and changes in whole body fat mass over time in stroke survivors. A systematic search of relevant databases. Studies measuring whole body or regional fat mass using dual-energy X-ray absorpiometry, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging were included. Eleven trials were identified. Fat mass differences between paretic and nonparetic limbs and change in fat mass over time were not consistent. Meta-analyses were conducted using dual-energy X-ray absorpiometry-derived data from 10 trials ( n = 324). There were no differences in fat mass between paretic and nonparetic legs (pooled mean difference 31.4 g, 95% confidence interval −33.9 to 96.6, P = 0.35), and slightly greater fat mass in the paretic arms compared with nonparetic arms (pooled mean difference 84.0 g, 95% confidence interval 30.7 to 137.3, P = 0.002). Whole body fat mass did not increase significantly between one-month and six-months poststroke (pooled mean difference 282.3 g, 95% confidence interval −824.4 to 1389, P = 0.62), but there was an increase between six- and 12 months poststroke (pooled mean difference 1935 g, 95% confidence interval 1031 to 2839, P 0.001). There were inconsistent findings regarding changes in fat mass after stroke. Large, well-designed studies are required to further investigate the impact of body composition changes on the health of stroke survivors.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-10-2022
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12334
Abstract: Work‐related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSD) commonly occur among student and qualified sonographers. While students may be educated about preventative techniques, transfer of this knowledge to practice may not occur. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the theoretical knowledge final‐year students had of some common WRMSD prevention techniques, and the use of these techniques on clinical placement. A cross‐sectional study via anonymous online survey was distributed to Australian sonography students from a single institution completing their final year of clinical placement. There were 31/81 participants equating to a response rate of 42%. Of the 12 sonography WRMSD prevention techniques selected to be part of this study, participants had theoretical knowledge of 11/12 (91.7%) prevention techniques. A significant association was established between the theoretical knowledge of, and the use of 8/11 (72.7%) prevention techniques. Ergonomic adjustment of equipment 29/31 (92.6%) and postural modifications 28/31 (90.3%) were the WRMSD prevention techniques implemented most frequently. No association was found between the theoretical knowledge and use of stretching prior to or between scanning patients, or the use of ergonomic aids for WRMSD prevention. Students were found to have retained ergonomic knowledge, utilising both postural and equipment adjustments during clinical placement. Consistent implementation of WRMSD prevention techniques may reduce students' risk of developing a future WRMSD. Longitudinal research is suggested to ascertain if students continue to implement prevention techniques once qualified.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-09-2016
DOI: 10.1002/AJUM.12020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2010
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 27-08-2019
Abstract: Ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) is the second most frequent peripheral nerve entrapment neuropathy in the upper extremity. The diagnosis is determined through a combination of history, physical examination, and electrodiagnostic testing. However, the use of high-resolution sonography is increasing, with sonographic measurements of ulnar nerve dimension established as a reliable diagnostic criterion for UNE. Sonographic imaging can describe anatomical features beyond ulnar nerve size, and therefore additional observations could potentially be used in UNE diagnosis and treatment follow-up. This review was a scoping of the literature on different sonographic measurements and assessments that have been reported to evaluate the ulnar nerve and cubital tunnel. This should provide a guide to scanning protocols for sonographers.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-09-2014
Abstract: Sonography is an effective, noninvasive, safe, and inexpensive technique for measurement of the liver. Measurements of the liver using 2D ultrasound aid in diagnosing and tracking liver disease and in surgical planning. Multiple studies have developed techniques to measure the adult liver using 2D ultrasound. The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine whether a correctly developed, reliable, and reproducible technique for measuring the liver using 2D ultrasound has been reported. Analysis of studies meeting the inclusion criteria showed that none of these studies has been rigorously undertaken in terms of s le size justification, validity, reliability, and/or statistical analysis.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-03-2014
Publisher: Sciedu Press
Date: 27-07-2015
DOI: 10.5430/JBGC.V5N2P17
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2016
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12051
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.PARKRELDIS.2016.02.019
Abstract: The sonographic appearance of the substantia nigra is abnormally bright and enlarged (hyperechogenic) in young adults with a history of illicit stimulant use. The abnormality is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease. The aim of the current study was to identify the type of illicit stimulant drug associated with substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and to determine if in iduals with a history of illicit stimulant use exhibit clinical signs of parkinsonism. We hypothesised that use of hetamines (primarily meth hetamine) is associated with substantia nigra hyperechogenicity and clinical signs of parkinsonism. The area of echogenic signal in the substantia nigra was measured in abstinent human hetamine users (n = 27 33 ± 8 years) and in three control groups comprising a) 'ecstasy' users (n = 19 23 ± 3 years), b) cannabis users (n = 30 26 ± 8 years), and c) non-drug users (n = 37 25 ± 7 years). A subset of subjects (n = 55) also underwent a neurological examination comprising the third and fifth part of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Area of substantia nigra echogenicity was significantly larger in the hetamine group (0.276 ± 0.080 cm(2)) than in the control groups (0.200 ± 0.075, 0.190 ± 0.049, 0.191 ± 0.055 cm(2), respectively P < 0.002). The score on the clinical rating scale was also significantly higher in the hetamine group (8.4 ± 8.1) than in pooled controls (3.3 ± 2.8 P = 0.002). Illicit use of hetamines is associated with abnormal substantia nigra morphology and subtle clinical signs of parkinsonism. The results support epidemiological findings linking use of hetamines, particularly meth hetamine, with increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease later in life.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12047
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12249
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-10-2014
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.ULTRASMEDBIO.2018.07.011
Abstract: Ultrasound measurements of Achilles tendon size are used to assess the tendon's response to exercise, aging, rehabilitation, tendon loading and healing. It is important to understand and minimise the measurement error that occurs with these measurements. This review identified and synthesised studies reporting on intra- and inter-rater reliability of ultrasound measurements of Achilles tendon size. Analysis of 21 studies revealed that good to excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability can be achieved for ultrasound measurements of Achilles tendon size. Reliability can be optimised by using one experienced operator, standardising transducer pressure and orientation and averaging two or three measurements. There was a high risk of methodological bias across the included studies. Reporting of reliability studies needs to be improved by the use of existing reporting guidelines and expansion of these guidelines to include important elements of ultrasound imaging.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2017.11.009
Abstract: This study examines the acute morphological changes (up to three days) in the normal, asymptomatic Achilles tendon (AT) in response to a single bout of exercise in relation to tendon dimensions and vascularity. Within-subject pre-post design. Participants conducted a 7.7km pack march on a sealed road in a time of 1h 16min (approximately 6kmh The tendon showed no significant change in sagittal diameter and cross-sectional area at 20mm proximal to the calcaneus and at the insertion immediately post-exercise. Tendon vascularity increased significantly in 91% of the left ATs and 87% of the right ATs in response to the pack march. Three days after the pack march an increase in sagittal diameter at the insertion and 20mm proximal to the calcaneus was observed and increased vascularity was still present in 22% of the ATs. This study highlighted the tendon's response to exercise and has shown that at three days post-exercise that the tendon had not recovered to pre-exercise levels with respect to tendon dimensions and vascularity.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.ULTRASMEDBIO.2010.05.019
Abstract: This study investigated the potential of ultrasound measurements of the masseter muscle to accurately predict indices normally derived from cephalograms. Masseter muscle measurements on 11 adults (22 to 30 y) were made using lateral cephalometrics and extended field-of-view ultrasound. The ultrasound technique was validated in a simulation pilot study using 12 dry skulls and raw chicken breasts. Twenty cephalometric variables were analyzed against four ultrasound measurements of the masseter muscle. Highly significant correlations (r = 0.81-0.85, p = 0.001-0.002) between ultrasound measurements of the masseter muscle and cephalometric measurements representing the length of the superficial masseter muscle, the length and shape of the mandible and vertical facial proportions were demonstrated. Predictive equations from regression analyses were constructed to deduce ramus length and shape from the ultrasound measurements. The results provide pilot data suggesting that ultrasound is a potential clinical tool for sequential evaluation of masseter muscle length in orthodontics and facial muscle growth studies.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2009
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-02-2017
Abstract: Sonographers assume an important role in providing accurate diagnosis for prompt patient management. The manual task of scanning competency is driven by a high level of cognitive function in the form of clinical decision making (CDM). It is therefore critical that sonography students are grounded in the CDM fundamentals as part of their sonography education. The aim of this article is to seek better understanding of student views on CDM learning to inform educators of strategies to better support student learning. The first part of the article describes how CDM for sonography students is being developed at The University of Auckland. The second part of the article explores student perspectives of CDM learning and the application of CDM in the workplace. Using purposive s ling, five clinical supervisors and two students participated in semistructured interviews. Focus groups with students were conducted at the end of each semester, between July 2014 and June 2016. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and make sense of the data. Based on these qualitative findings, the authors make recommendations to advance CDM within the sonography curriculum.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.ULTRASMEDBIO.2011.12.012
Abstract: This prospective, blinded study investigates the test retest reliability of measures of muscle thickness made by one sonographer across two cohort groups (n = 29) of people hospitalised with acute stroke. Reliability was assessed in cohort one (n = 14) for measurements made bilaterally at the anterior and posterior upper arms, the anterior and posterior thighs (total of eight measurements) and in cohort two (n = 15), for measurements made bilaterally at the lateral forearms, the anterior abdominal wall and the anterior and lower legs (total of eight measurements). Reliability estimates varied between measurement sites intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged from -0.26 (lateral forearm, paretic side) to 0.95 (anterior thigh, nonparetic side), percent mean differences ranged from 0.42% (posterior upper arm, nonparetic side) to 14.68% (anterior lower limb, nonparetic side) and method error ranged from 1.08 (abdomen, nonparetic side) to 9.69 mm (posterior lower limb, nonparetic side). Only four measurement sites (anterior upper arm, posterior upper arm, abdomen and anterior thigh) were within the acceptable ranges (ICC 0.60 to 1.00, mean percent difference range 0%-5% and method error range 0-5 mm) and considered reliable to use for measures of muscle thickness in people hospitalised with acute stroke.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-09-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0257790
Abstract: Ultrasound can be used to assess injury and structural changes to the soft-tissue structure of the foot. It may be useful to assess the feet of people with diabetes who are at increased risk of plantar soft-tissue pathological changes. The aim of this study was to determine if ultrasound measurements of plantar soft-tissue thickness and assessments of tissue acoustic characteristics are reliable in people with and without diabetes mellitus. A repeated measures design was used to determine intra-observer reliability for ultrasound measurements of plantar skin and fat pad thickness and intra- and inter-observer reliability of plantar skin and fat pad tissue characterisation assessments made at foot sites which are at risk of tissue injury in people with diabetes. Thickness measurements and tissue characterisation assessments were obtained at the heel and forefoot in both the unloaded and compressed states and included discrete layers of the plantar tissues: skin, microchamber, horizontal fibrous band, macrochamber and total soft-tissue depth. At each site, relative intra-observer reliability was achieved for the measurement of at least one plantar tissue layer. The total soft-tissue thickness measured in the unloaded state (ICC 0.925–0.976) demonstrated intra-observer reliability and is the most sensitive for detecting small change on repeated measures. Intra-observer agreement was demonstrated for tissue characteristic assessments of the skin at the heel (k = 0.70), fat pad at the lateral sesamoid region (k = 0.70) and both skin and fat pad at the second (k = 0.80, k = 0.70 respectively) and third metatarsal heads (k = 0.90, k = 0.79 respectively). However, acceptable inter-observer agreement was not demonstrated for any tissue characteristic assessment, therefore the use of multiple observers should be avoided when making these assessments.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-11-2015
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12043
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-10-2018
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12165
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2015
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12046
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-02-2012
Abstract: To systematically review evidence for the reliability of real-time brightness-mode ultrasound for assessing skeletal muscle size in human limbs in vivo and to establish in which populations and anatomical sites the reliability had been tested. Articles were retrieved via electronic database searching and expert contact. Studies reporting reliability indices of test-retest measures of real-time brightness-mode ultrasound measures of skeletal muscle size within human limbs were included. Articles were assessed for methodological quality by two reviewers, decisions were made by consensus. Participant characteristics, measurement protocol, ultrasound protocol, type of reliability measured and statistical methods were extracted by one reviewer. Twenty-four articles were included, involving 605 participants. Studies were of low to moderate methodological quality. Most studies were conducted within the healthy population. Only one study demonstrated poor reliability at one site only, and only when the participants were measured in the supine position. There is a moderate amount of low-level evidence that real-time brightness-mode ultrasound has good reliability for measuring muscle size across a number of limb sites in healthy populations. There is limited evidence for the reliability of ultrasound measures of muscle size in clinical populations.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-07-2021
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12279
Abstract: Ultrasound is a safe and inexpensive way to image the adult liver. Recently a valid and reliable equation was developed to determine the size of the adult liver using three simple ultrasound measurements. An upper limit of normal using this equation of 2223 cm 3 has been reported. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of this cut off to determine hepatomegaly. A low‐risk and a high‐risk group participant group were recruited, each with 30 participants. Each participant had a liver ultrasound and liver volume calculated from the equation and an MRI where liver volume was calculated. The ultrasound volume equation using a hepatomegaly cut off 2223 cm 3 , was compared to the reference standard of MRI volume using a hepatomegaly cut off of 2185 cm 3 as reported by Kromrey et al. The ultrasound demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.9% (CI 58.7–99.7), a specificity of 97.9% (CI 89.1–99.9), a positive predictive value of 90.9 (CI 58.7–98.6) and a negative predictive value of 97.9% (CI 88.1–99.7). Liver volume calculated by using three linear ultrasound measurements in an equation, and an upper limit of 2223 cm 3 , has high diagnostic accuracy to determine hepatomegaly.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-06-2015
DOI: 10.1002/MUS.24574
Abstract: Despite reports on the association of radial nerve (RN) size and lateral epicondylalgia (LE), Filipino normative values on RN size in healthy elbows are not established. An association with upper extremity anthropometric measurements is likewise not reported. Musculoskeletal ultrasound measurements of the RN at the level of the lateral epicondyle (RN-LE), posterior interosseous nerve at the level of the radial head and supinator (PIN-RH and PIN-sup), and superficial RN (SRN) in the elbows of healthy Filipinos were made in Manila from January-September 2011. A total of 198 elbows of 99 healthy participants aged 43 years (range, 33-48 years) [median(IQR)] were investigated. Men have larger PIN-RH, PIN-sup, and SRN compared with women. Arm length was associated with PIN-RH, PIN-sup, and SRN (P < 0.05). Activities and elbow circumference measurements (at 2 levels) were associated with PIN-RH. RN reference values can now be used for comparison in elbows with LE.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.3109/09593980802665023
Abstract: Novel, short-lived upper limb tasks performed by young adults have been used to investigate the role of transversus abdominis (TrA) in maintaining postural stability. Little information exists concerning the behaviour of TrA in older adults during protracted postural challenges. The primary aim of this study was to describe the change in thickness of TrA during an incremental upper limb exercise test in older adults. A secondary analysis was undertaken to compare the results between younger and older subjects. Healthy subjects aged between 40 and 70 years performed the Unsupported Upper Limb Exercise Test (UULEX) while activity of TrA was continuously monitored by using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging. Changes in muscle dimensions were measured every minute during the test. The thickness of TrA increased significantly and exponentially between minutes 8 and 13 of the UULEX. Although there was a significant difference between older and younger subjects in absolute measures of TrA thickness, the change in TrA thickness as a percentage of resting thickness during the UULEX demonstrated an identical pattern between younger and older subjects. This study suggests that TrA is continually and increasingly active during an upper limb task in both younger and older asymptomatic subjects.
Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt
Date: 09-2011
DOI: 10.1142/S0218957712500017
Abstract: Purpose: This research aims to determine the inter-tester reliability of sonographers in detecting presence of lesions in the elbows of participants with Lateral Epicondylar Pain (LEP) using the Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (MSUS) and in measuring the internal dimensions of the Radial Nerve at various points in the upper extremities. Methods: Two healthcare professionals who are experienced in MSUS and a musculoskeletal researcher agreed on the diagnostic sonographic features of LEP. Evidence of lesions was sought on the common extensor tendon (CET), lateral epicondyle, lateral collateral ligament, and distal biceps tendon. Measurements on the internal widest dimensions of the radial nerve at specified points were gathered. Results: There was perfect agreement between the two healthcare professionals in detecting bony irregularities on the lateral epicondyle and strong agreement on the presence of neovascularity in CET. The inter-tester reliability in assessing the internal architecture of the common extensor tendon ranged from poor (CET's margin and fibrillar pattern) to fair (for adjacent fluid and intratendinous calcifications). There were no significant differences between sonographers in measuring the Radial Nerve except for the Posterior Interosseous Nerve. Conclusions: Differences in MSUS assessment on CET's tendon margin and fibrillar pattern and the measurement of PIN between experienced healthcare professionals in MSUS scanning and interpretation highlight the need for standardized protocol.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2007
Abstract: A systematic review was performed to identify studies reporting summary data (mean, standard deviation) of sonographic cross-sectional measurements of the ulnar nerve at the elbow. Comparisons of measurements were performed to determine whether statistical differences existed between groups of in iduals symptomatic and asymptomatic of ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE). Across the four studies meeting the selection criteria of the search, five s le groups were identified and compared: three asymptomatic of UNE and two symptomatic of UNE. There were significant differences between measurements of people with and without UNE ( P .0001—.041). Significant differences also existed between the two symptomatic populations ( P .0001—.0062) and between the three asymptomatic populations ( P .0001—.41). This systematic review demonstrates that significant differences exist between sonographic measurements of ulnar nerve dimension between people with and without UNE, confirming that these measurements are potential discriminators of UNE. The demonstration of significant differences between measurements of ulnar nerve size within s le populations with similar symptomatic status suggests that further studies are required to confirm the effect of ulnar nerve pathologies, measurement protocols, and anthropometric factors.
Publisher: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
Date: 2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-09-2016
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12074
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-11-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1601-6343.2010.01505.X
Abstract: To develop prediction equations to assist the clinician to derive cephalometric norms from the non-invasive investigations of ultrasonography (US) and 3D imaging. Adult volunteers from University of Adelaide participated in the study. Eleven volunteers (eight women, three men age range 22-30 years) were recruited for US and standard lateral radiographs measurements along with 3D facial imaging using a structured light technique. The three examinations were performed to assess the vertical and transverse dimensions of the face along with superficial masseter muscle dimensions. In total, 31 variables were statistically analysed for relationship among the three imaging modalities. Pearson's correlation coefficients showed highly significant correlations between lateral cephalometric (Co-Go to R3-R4) and US (volume--thickness) variables (r = 0.92, p < 0.0001 r = 0.95, p 0.0001) for curvilinear measurements compared with linear counterparts was revealed with the paired t-test. Factor analyses provided meaningful interrelationships for predictive equations generated for lateral cephalometric variables from 3D image coordinates. This preliminary investigation suggests that useful clinical information for treatment planning and follow-up can be gathered without repeated exposure to ionizing radiation. For more robust predictive equations, a larger s le would be required to validate such a model.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2008
DOI: 10.7863/JUM.2008.27.5.737
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to identify factors confounding high-resolution ultrasonographic measurements of the ulnar nerve to test their influence when discriminating between limbs affected and unaffected by ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE) at the elbow. High-resolution ultrasonographic measurements of ulnar nerve dimensions at the elbow were compared between 2 groups of subjects: symptomatic and asymptomatic for UNE. Rank analysis of covariance regression tests were performed to determine whether significant differences existed between the 2 groups. The changing coefficient method (using rank analysis of covariance tests) was used to test for potential confounding effects of age, weight, height, body mass index, sex, limb sidedness, limb handedness, and nerve mobility. These tests were repeated for each measurement while controlling for the identified confounders. Exact 2-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed to test for significant differences between measurements of the diameter of the ulnar nerve with the elbow in full extension and full flexion. Age, weight, body mass index, sex, and elbow position were shown to have confounding influences on high-resolution ultrasonographic measurements of the ulnar nerve. No confounding effect was apparent for limb sidedness or dominance. Cross-sectional area and long-axis diameter measurements demonstrated significant differences between nerves with and without UNE after controlling for confounders. Two cross-sectional measurements (area and maximum cross-sectional diameter) of the ulnar nerve, made at the level of the medial epicondyle, were found to be robust discriminators between nerves with and without UNE. In the absence of normative reference values of the ulnar nerve, the contralateral limb may be used as the comparative control.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-09-2015
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12032
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-10-2016
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12078
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-03-2017
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12104
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-03-2022
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12306
Abstract: Increases in demand for therapeutic ultrasound‐guided musculoskeletal injections have led to longer waiting times for appointments. With the right training, sonographers are well placed to perform these low‐risk procedures. This study evaluated the effect of musculoskeletal injections administered by trained sonographers with respect to patient safety and satisfaction. Patients were recruited from three radiology clinics staffed with appropriately trained sonographers. Patients who agreed to have their injection completed by a sonographer completed satisfaction surveys immediately after their appointment, with adverse reactions also recorded. Longer‐term outcomes were recorded 7–10 days later. 97% of 804 participating patients were completely satisfied with the service they received. Reported adverse events were low, with % and 8% immediately and at follow up respectively. There was demonstrated patient satisfaction with staff and the service, and support for the importance of this service in reducing the extensive waiting times experienced. This study indicates that appropriately trained sonographers can provide ultrasound‐guided musculoskeletal injections at a level of safety which is comparable to similar injection procedures explored in the literature. The high level of satisfaction of the patients suggest that this service should be extended and expanded to address patient concerns regarding long waiting times.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-04-2022
DOI: 10.1002/SONO.12309
Abstract: Sonographers possess a unique and complex body of knowledge and skills, providing real health benefits to the community. The value of competency frameworks rests on their capacity to support and facilitate professional practice in the interests of public safety. The commitment to act in the service of others carries with it a professional and ethical obligation to practice within the boundaries of accepted competency standards. The well‐accepted Australasian Sonographers Association (ASA) competency standards for entry‐level Australian sonographers were introduced a decade ago. At this time, ultrasound technology, its application and the sonographer's role as a critical interface to this technology continue to evolve. The article provides an overview of research used to develop a contemporary competency framework for sonographers. It describes each framework component and how these components have a potential role in sonographer education and clinical practice at different levels of expertise. Sonographer competencies were developed via a national collaborative research project led by a multi‐institutional research team of academic and industry professionals. A Delphi study design elicited consensus on multiple competency characteristics from an expert panel of 55 sonographers. The expert panel contained representatives from all Australian states and territories and represented all domains of practice. The resulting project outcome consisted of a competency framework containing four significant components: sonographer competency standards, sonographer knowledge, sonographer attitudes and a holistic competency matrix.
Publisher: Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education
Date: 17-05-2012
DOI: 10.14742/AJET.836
Abstract: span Sonographers are medical or non-medical health professionals in the radiology field who skilfully manipulate ultrasound equipment to produce images that are used to diagnose medical conditions and abnormalities. This technique is also becoming popular amongst the wider community in other medical specialities and allied health professionals, due to decreasing costs and automation. This paper reports the findings of a pilot trial on the use of a specifically designed audiovisual tool to teach medical sonography students psychomotor skills to perform sonography of specific musculoskeletal structures of the ankle. A competency testing instrument was developed using the Dawson's psychomotor categories as a framework, which identified positive change in competency in several scanned structures following this intervention. Integrating a conceptual learning framework for psychomotor skills could be useful to guide the development of sonography training programs and assist educators to structure incremental teaching and assessment activities, enabling a more consistent approach to developing psychomotor skills. Alterations in instructional design using this technology may relieve some of the burden of clinical teaching in the workplace. /span
Publisher: InTech
Date: 03-02-2012
DOI: 10.5772/39165
No related grants have been discovered for Kerry Thoirs.