ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0063-8293
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-03-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2076943
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OME.3.000318
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2007
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-2001
DOI: 10.1117/12.417421
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 17-10-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.970611
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2015
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 02-07-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OME.4.001494
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 31-01-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.916761
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2012
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 06-07-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.011565
Abstract: The significance of full vectorial pulse propagation through emerging waveguides has not been investigated. Here we report the development of a generalised vectorial model of nonlinear pulse propagation due to the effects of Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS) in optical waveguides. Unlike standard models, this model does not use the weak guidance approximation, and thus accurately models the modal Raman gain of optical waveguides in the strong guidance regime. Here we develop a vectorial-based nonlinear Schrödinger Eq. (VNSE) to demonstrate how the standard model fails in certain regimes, with up to factors of 2.5 enhancement in Raman gain between the VNSE and the standard model. Using the VNSE we are able to explore opportunities for tailoring of the modal Raman gain spectrum to achieve effects such as gain flattening through design of the optical fiber.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 06-03-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OL.37.000996
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20083094
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-09-2015
DOI: 10.3390/S151025090
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-05-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2016510
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2071261
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2059481
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 10-10-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OE.19.021135
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Date: 08-2006
DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV.MATSCI.36.111904.135316
Abstract: ▪ Abstract The development of microstructured optical fibers has led to the realization of many optical properties in fiber form that were not previously attainable. This chapter reviews the background to this work and overviews both the fundamentals of and progress in fabricating and modeling these structures. Until relatively recently, most of the work in this field was based on silica glass this chapter provides an update on progress in developing microstructured fibers from other materials such as soft glasses. Some of the key applications of microstructured fibers, including nonlinear fiber–based devices and fibers for high power light delivery, are also reviewed.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-1999
DOI: 10.1109/50.769313
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-03-2014
DOI: 10.1021/AC500619Z
Abstract: The first selective, dual sensor for Ca(2+) and Cd(2+) capable of detection at 100 pM concentrations was designed and synthesized. The experimental observations made for the MC-cation complexes and the selectivity of compounds 1 and 2 with Ca(2+) and Cd(2+) ions were further explored using density functional theory. A first step toward a nanoliter-scale dip sensor for the dual sensing of Ca(2+) and Cd(2+) was demonstrated using microstructured optical fiber as the sensing platform which is important for ion sensing in confined spaces such as the medium surrounding cell clusters. In addition, this system displays picomolar sensitivity for these ions, with an added ability to reproducibly turn ion-binding on/off.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 13-04-2018
DOI: 10.1364/OL.43.001902
Publisher: AIP
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1063/1.3002555
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 21-10-2008
DOI: 10.1364/OE.16.017935
Abstract: We consider the spectral properties of dielectric waveguides with low refractive index cores and binary layered claddings, such as Bragg fibers and integrated-ARROWs. We show that the full, nontrivial, 2-D spectrum of Bloch bands (hence bandgaps) of such claddings correspond, in structure and topology, to the dispersion properties of both constituent layer types quantitatively demonstrating an intimate relationship between the bandgap and antiresonance guidance mechanisms. The dispersion functions of these layers, and the interactions thereof, thus form what we coin the Stratified Planar Anti-Resonant Reflecting OpticalWaveguide (SPARROW) model, capable of quantitative, analytic, descriptions of many nontrivial bandgap and antiresonance properties. The SPARROW model is useful for the spectral analysis and design of Bragg fibers and integrated-ARROWs with cores of arbitrary refractive index (equal to or less than the lowest cladding index). Both waveguide types are of interest for sensing and microfluidic applications due to their natural ability to guide light within low-index cores, permitting low-loss guidance within a large range of gases and liquids. A liquid-core Bragg fiber is discussed as an ex le, demonstrating the applicability of the SPARROW model to realistic and important waveguide designs.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 15-02-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OL.36.000588
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 14-04-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.785887
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-08-2015
DOI: 10.3390/S150819495
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 16-10-2014
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.5.003975
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2007
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2012
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 28-01-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OL.38.000329
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 23-07-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OME.2.001101
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 05-04-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OME.3.000574
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-03-2011
DOI: 10.3390/S110302961
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2003
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 17-10-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.973667
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2009
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-04-2005
DOI: 10.1117/12.602600
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 14-04-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.785997
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 22-04-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OL.36.001587
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3RA40321A
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 19-06-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.017067
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC31414F
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 10-01-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OME.2.000140
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-10-2009
DOI: 10.1117/12.834457
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 29-05-2015
Abstract: We demonstrate that exposure of nanocrystalline BaFCl:Sm(3+) X-ray storage phosphor to blue laser pulses with peak power densities on the order of 10 GW/cm(2) results in conversion of Sm(3+) to Sm(2+). This photoreduction is found to be strongly power-dependent with an initial fast rate, followed by a slower rate. The photoreduction appears to be orders of magnitude more efficient than that for previously reported systems, and it is estimated that up to 50% of the samarium ions can be photoreduced to the alent state. The main mechanism is most likely based on multiphoton electron-hole creation, followed by subsequent trapping of the electrons in the conduction band at the Sm(3+) centers. Nanocrystalline BaFCl:Sm(3+) is an efficient photoluminescent X-ray storage phosphor with possible applications as dosimetry probes, and the present study shows for the first time that the power levels of the blue light have to be kept relatively low to avoid the generation of Sm(2+) in the readout process. A system comprising the BaFCl:Sm(3+) nanocrystallites embedded into a glass is also envisioned for 3D memory applications.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-10-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3648109
Abstract: A technique for the excitation of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) has been demonstrated using a dye-doped microsphere positioned onto the tip of a suspended core microstructured optical fiber. With this configuration, we have shown that both the excitation and collection efficiency of the WGMs modulated fluorescence spectra of the dye are greatly improved compared to a more conventional excitation scheme an overall efficiency increase by a factor of 200 is demonstrated. It is also shown that positioning the resonator onto the fiber tip does not impact its sensitivity, providing a compact and robust architecture for applications such as localized in-vivo/vitro biosensing.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 05-02-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.002298
Abstract: The propagation of pulses through waveguides with sub-wavelength features, inhomogeneous transverse structure, and high index contrast cannot be described accurately using existing models in the presence of nonlinear effects. Here we report the development of a generalised full vectorial model of nonlinear pulse propagation and demonstrate that, unlike the standard pulse propagation formulation, the z-component of guided modes plays a key role for these new structures, and results in generalised definitions of the nonlinear coefficient gamma, Aeff , and mode orthognality. While new definitions reduce to standard definitions in some limits, significant differences are predicted, including a factor of approximately 2 higher value for gamma, for emerging waveguides and microstructured fibers.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1109/50.974821
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2005
Abstract: We present the results of numerical simulations of the modal properties of Photonic Band Gap Fibers (PBGFs) in which a structural distortion of the silica ring surrounding the air core is gradually introduced. We demonstrate that surface modes supported within such fibers are very sensitive to structural distortions, and that any asymmetric change in the structure can break their degeneracy resulting in associated changes in the anticrossing behavior of the orthogonally polarized core modes, and the development of polarization dependent transmission properties. Our results provide insight into recent experimental observations of wavelength dependent PDL and birefringence in PBGFs.
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20001446
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 19-11-2018
DOI: 10.1364/OE.26.032037
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
Publisher: IEE
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1049/CP:20050869
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20020421
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOS.2010.12.018
Abstract: Sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) allow rapid, label-free, highly sensitive detection, and indeed this phenomenon underpins the only label-free optical biosensing technology that is available commercially. In these sensors, the existence of surface plasmons is inferred indirectly from absorption features that correspond to the coupling of light into a thin metallic film. Although SPR is not intrinsically a radiative process, when the metallic coating which support the plasmonic wave exhibits a significant surface roughness, the surface plasmon can itself couple to the local photon states, and emit light. Here we show that using silver coated optical fibres, this novel SPR transducing mechanism offers significant advantages compare to traditional reflectance based measurements such as lower dependency on the metallic thickness and higher signal to noise ratio. Furthermore, we show that more complex sensor architectures with multiple sensing regions scattered along a single optical fibre enable multiplexed detection and dynamic self referencing of the sensing signal. Moreover, this alternative approach allows to combine two different sensing technologies, SPR and fluorescence sensing within the same device, which has never been demonstrated previously. As a preliminary proof of concept of potential application, this approach has been used to demonstrate the detection of the seasonal influenza A virus.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 09-02-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.002646
Abstract: We report a new approach for the fabrication of nanowires: the direct drawing of optical fibers with air suspended nanoscale cores. The fibers were made from lead silicate glass using the extrusion technique for preform and jacket tube fabrication. Fibers with core diameters in the range of 420-720 nm and practical outer diameters of 110-200 microm were produced, the smallest core sizes produced to date within optical fibers without tapering. We explored the impact of the core size on the effective mode area and propagation loss of these suspended nanowires relative to circular nanowires reported to date. As for circular nanowires, the propagation loss of these suspended nanowires is dominated by surface roughness induced scattering.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2006
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-03-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2078526
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 27-10-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.028896
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 12-08-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OME.3.001285
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-01-2014
DOI: 10.1021/LA403667Q
Abstract: A dip biosensor is realized by depositing metallic nanoparticles onto the tip of a cleaved optical fiber. Light coupled into the fiber interacts with the localized surface plasmons within the nanoparticles at the tip a portion of the scattered light recouples into the optical fiber and is analyzed by a spectrometer. Characterization of the sensor demonstrates an inverse relationship between the sensitivity and the number of particles deposited onto the surface, with smaller quantities leading to greater sensitivity. The results obtained showed also that by depositing nanoparticles with distinct localized surface plasmon resonance signatures with limited overlap, as for the case of gold and silver nanospheres, a multiplexed dip biosensor can be realized by simply functionalizing the different nanoparticles with different antibodies after the fashion of an immunoassay. In this way different localized surface plasmons resonance bands responsive to different target analytes can be separately monitored, as further presented below, requiring a minimal quantity of reagents both for the functionalization process and for the s le analysis.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2007
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1109/50.818906
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2015
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-10-2009
DOI: 10.1117/12.835350
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-03-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2012519
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2008
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 18-09-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.022566
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 19-01-2015
DOI: 10.1063/1.4905931
Abstract: Whispering gallery mode lasers are of interest for a wide range of applications and especially biological sensing, exploiting the dependence of the resonance wavelengths on the surrounding refractive index. Upon lasing, the Q factors of the resonances are greatly improved, enabling measurements of wavelength shifts with increased accuracy. A way forward to improve the performance of the refractive index sensing mechanism is to reduce the size of the optical resonator, as the refractive index sensitivity is inversely proportional to the resonator dimensions. However, as the lasing threshold is believed to depend on the Q factor among other parameters, and the reduction of the microresonator size results in lower Q, this poses additional challenges for reaching the lasing threshold. In this letter, we demonstrate lasing in 10 μm diameter dye doped polystyrene microspheres in aqueous solution, the smallest polystyrene microsphere lasers ever reported in these conditions. We also investigate the dependence of the lasing threshold on the Q factor by changing the refractive index surrounding the sphere, highlighting a much stronger dependency than initially reported.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2059161
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-04-2011
DOI: 10.1021/LA2002496
Abstract: The first microstructured optical fiber-based sensor platform for aluminum ions using a surface-attached derivative of lumogallion (3), a known fluorescence-based indicator, has been fabricated. These fibers allow for strong evanescent field interactions with the surrounding media because of the small core size while also providing the potential for real-time and distributed measurements. The fluorescence response to aluminum ions was first demonstrated by applying the procedure to glass slides. This was achieved through the covalent attachment of the fluorophore to a polyelectrolyte-coated glass surface and then to the internal holes of a suspended-core microstructured optical fiber to give an effective aluminum sensor. Whereas the sensor platform reported is fabricated for aluminum, the approach is versatile, with applicability to the detection of other ions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-07-2015
DOI: 10.1111/IJAG.12128
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 22-05-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OME.4.001213
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 20-02-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2039336
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-03-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2040788
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 25-01-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.002491
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 27-12-2006
DOI: 10.1117/12.695785
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 28-02-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2039328
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 29-07-2010
DOI: 10.1364/OE.18.017294
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-05-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.883835
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 29-09-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.018533
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2013
Abstract: Upconversion nanocrystals convert infrared radiation to visible luminescence, and are promising for applications in biodetection, bioimaging, solar cells and three-dimensional display technologies. Although the design of suitable nanocrystals has improved the performance of upconversion nanocrystals, their emission brightness is limited by the low doping concentration of activator ions needed to avoid the luminescence quenching that occurs at high concentrations. Here, we demonstrate that high excitation irradiance can alleviate concentration quenching in upconversion luminescence when combined with higher activator concentration, which can be increased from 0.5 mol% to 8 mol% Tm(3+) in NaYF₄. This leads to significantly enhanced luminescence signals, by up to a factor of 70. By using such bright nanocrystals, we demonstrate remote tracking of a single nanocrystal with a microstructured optical-fibre dip sensor. This represents a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude over benchmark nanocrystals such as quantum dots.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 29-07-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.014053
Abstract: Porous fibers have been identified as a means of achieving low losses, low dispersion and high birefringence among THz polymer fibers. By exploiting optical fiber fabrication techniques, two types of THz polymer porous fibers--spider-web and rectangular porous fibers--with 57% and 65% porosity have been fabricated. The effective refractive index measured by terahertz time domain spectroscopy shows a good agreement between the theoretical and experimental results indicating a lower dispersion for THz porous fiber compared to THz microwires. A birefringence of 0.012 at 0.65 THz is also reported for rectangular porous fiber.
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20040137
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-02-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2004236
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 21-02-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2003944
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2186140
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20040495
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2059155
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 04-2010
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 17-10-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.966847
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 15-06-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OL.36.002351
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20010402
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2001
Publisher: Opt. Soc. America
Date: 2001
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 10-04-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.009924
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 14-06-2004
DOI: 10.1117/12.537375
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 14-06-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.014514
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 22-07-2015
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20010089
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1364/OE.15.017891
Abstract: We develop a generic model of excitation and fluorescence recapturing within filled microstructured optical fibres (MOFs) with arbitrary structure and demonstrate that the light-matter overlap alone does not determine the optimal fibre choice. Fibre designs with sub-wavelength features and high-index glasses exhibit localised regions of high intensity, and we show that these regions can lead to approximately two orders of magnitude enhancement of fluorescence recapturing. Here we show how this regime can be exploited for sensing and demonstrate experimentally in-fibre excitation and fluorescence recapturing within a filled, solid-core MOF.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 31-01-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.915968
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 02-12-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OME.4.000029
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-09-2013
DOI: 10.3390/S131013163
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-12-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2204783
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 11-10-2011
DOI: 10.3390/S111009560
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 15-01-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.001480
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 09-02-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.907789
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2003
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20010874
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-28631-3
Abstract: There is a deficiency of low-loss microstructured waveguides that can be fabricated with a single laser-pass to minimize stress build-up, which can enable enhanced functionality and higher compactness for integrated optical devices. We demonstrate, for the first time, a series of multi-ring claddings each with a pair of cores in BK7 glass. Each waveguide was fabricated using only a single laser-pass at 1 MHz pulse repetition rate, 5 mm/s translation speed, 250 fs pulse width, over a set of pulse energies. We obtained the lowest-reported propagation loss of 0.062 dB/cm, measured at 1155 nm wavelength from the waveguide written with 340 nJ pulse energy. The maximum observed numerical aperture is 0.020, measured at 1155 nm wavelength from the waveguide written with 620 nJ pulse energy. Such waveguides could be incorporated in integrated Raman laser platforms for biomedical applications.
Publisher: Cellule MathDoc/CEDRAM
Date: 2003
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 31-01-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.915959
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 28-06-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OE.19.013464
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2NR32583G
Abstract: We investigate a powerful new sensing platform based on the excitation of upconversion luminescence from NaYF(4):Yb/Er nanocrystals loaded in solution within a suspended-core microstructured optical fiber. We demonstrate a substantial improvement in the detection limit that can be achieved in a suspended-core fiber sensor for solution-based measurements using these nanocrystals as an alternative to more traditional fluorophores, with sensing of concentrations as low as 660 fM demonstrated compared with the 10 pM obtained using quantum dots. This nanocrystal loaded suspended core fiber platform also forms the basis for a novel and robust nanoscale spectrometry device capable of capturing power-dependent spectra over a large dynamic range from 10(3) W cm(-2) to 10(6) W cm(-2) using a laser diode. This serves as a useful tool to study the multiple energy levels of rare earth luminescent nano-materials, allowing the two sharp emission bands to be studied in detail over a large dynamic range of excitation powers. Thus, in addition to demonstrating a highly sensitive dip sensor, we have devised a powerful new approach for characterizing upconversion nanoparticles.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 19-12-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.000048
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1364/OE.15.015086
Abstract: We report a significant advance in preform extrusion and die design, which has allowed for the first time the fabrication of complex structured preforms using soft glass and polymer billets. Structural preform distortions are minimized by adjustment of the material flow within the die. The low propagation loss of an extruded complex bismuth glass fiber demonstrates the potential of this advanced extrusion technique for the fabrication of novel soft glass and polymer microstructured fiber designs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-08-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3478835
Abstract: We demonstrate the formation of an ultrabroad supercontinuum (SC) generated in short lengths of highly nonlinear tellurite photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) specifically designed for high power picosecond pumping at the thulium wavelength 1930 nm. The fibers exhibit high losses caused by material absorption below ∼500 nm and at long wavelengths & nm by both material and confinement loss. The fibers are endlessly single-mode with a relative hole size of 0.4 and we tune the pitch (Λ) from 3 to 7 μm to achieve zero-dispersion wavelengths both below and above the pump. We show how the SC has a maximum width at an optimum fiber length after which the bandwidth and power decay due to losses. We thus obtain a maximum bandwidth of 4.6 μm for the PCF with the smallest Λ, i.e., 3 μm at an optimum length of only ∼2.8 cm.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 31-10-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.027643
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1049/EL:19990780
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 27-08-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OME.3.001488
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 30-11-2010
DOI: 10.1364/OE.18.026018
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 16-03-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OME.2.000432
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 04-11-2019
DOI: 10.1364/OME.9.004517
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 02-2008
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20001394
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2059407
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 20-05-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2026059
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 24-10-2008
DOI: 10.1364/OE.16.018514
Abstract: Glass microstructured optical fibers have been rendered biologically active for the first time via the immobilization of antibodies within the holes in the fiber cross-section. This has been done by introducing coating layers to the internal surfaces of soft glass fibers. The detection of proteins that bind to these antibodies has been demonstrated experimentally within this system via the use of fluorescence labeling. The approach combines the sensitivity resulting from the long interaction lengths of filled fibers with the selectivity provided by the use of antibodies.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2010
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 26-04-2018
DOI: 10.1364/OE.26.012266
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 21-04-2010
DOI: 10.1364/OE.18.009474
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 02-10-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OME.2.001538
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 20-11-2012
DOI: 10.1364/BOE.3.003304
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 21-03-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3568892
Abstract: We develop a technique based on a micromachined photoconductive probe-tip to characterize a terahertz (THz) porous fiber. Losses less than 0.08 cm−1 are measured in the frequency range from 0.2 to 0.35 THz, with the minimum of 0.003 cm−1 at 0.24 THz. Normalized group velocity greater than 0.8, which corresponds to dispersion values in between −1.3 and −0.5 ps/m/μm for 0.2& f& .35 THz are obtained. Moreover, we directly measure the evanescent electric field as a function of frequency. Good agreement between the measured curves and expected theoretical values indicates the low invasiveness of the applied probe-tip.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2005
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 18-12-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.029378
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1364/OE.14.010345
Abstract: We report the fabrication of a highly multi-mode square core jacketed air-clad fiber with a top-hat near-field intensity profile. Using this fiber to deliver Q-switched pulses at 1 mum we have successfully produced square shaped ablation marks in indium tin oxide (ITO) without the use of complex beam shaping optics.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 04-2023
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 18-11-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.029493
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 09-08-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OE.19.016182
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 20-09-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OL.37.003999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1995
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 04-02-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-07-2003
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-12-2019
Abstract: Unfertilised eggs (oocytes) release chemical biomarkers into the medium surrounding them. This provides an opportunity to monitor cell health and development during assisted reproductive processes if detected in a non-invasive manner. Here we report the measurement of pH using an optical fibre probe, OFP1, in 5 μL drops of culture medium containing single mouse cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). This allowed for the detection of statistically significant differences in pH between COCs in culture medium with no additives and those incubated with either a chemical (cobalt chloride) or hormonal treatment (follicle stimulating hormone) both of which serve to induce the release of lactic acid into the medium immediately surrounding the COC. Importantly, OFP1 was shown to be cell-safe with no inherent cell toxicity or light-induced phototoxicity indicated by negative DNA damage staining. Pre-measurement photobleaching of the probe reduced fluorescence signal variability, providing improved measurement precision (0.01-0.05 pH units) compared to previous studies. This optical technology presents a promising platform for the measurement of pH and the detection of other extracellular biomarkers to assess cell health during assisted reproduction.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 12-11-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OL.34.003577
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-10-2009
DOI: 10.1117/12.835283
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 09-08-2006
DOI: 10.1364/OL.31.002541
Abstract: We report the results of detailed measurements on the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS), gain bandwidth, and gain coefficients of several small-core holey optical fibers (HFs) of both uniform and axially varying structural characteristics and compare these with measurements on more conventional fibers. Our measurements show that the BFS of HFs is first-order proportional to the modal index for light propagating along the fiber and is thus extremely sensitive to its precise structural parameters. Our results highlight the possibility of using distributed Brillouin scattering measurements to perform nondestructive structural characterization of HFs, and the possibility of producing Brillouin-suppressed HFs using controlled structural variation along the fiber length.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2009
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 27-11-2012
DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.027503
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-12-2015
DOI: 10.3390/S151229893
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2001
DOI: 10.1109/68.942667
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.FREERADBIOMED.2015.01.015
Abstract: Human spermatozoa are compromised by production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and detection of ROS in spermatozoa is important for the diagnosis of male infertility. The probes 2',7'-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH), dihydroethidium (DHE), and MitoSOX red (MSR) are commonly used for detecting ROS by flow cytometry however, these probes lack sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is particularly damaging to mammalian sperm cells. This study reports the synthesis and use of three aryl boronate probes, peroxyfluor-1 (PF1), carboxyperoxyfluor-1, and a novel probe, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethoxyperoxyfluor-1 (EEPF1), in human spermatozoa. PF1 and EEPF1 were effective at detecting H2O2 and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) produced by spermatozoa when stimulated with menadione or 4-hydroxynonenal. EEPF1 was more effective at detection of ROS in spermatozoa than DCFH, DHE, or MSR furthermore it distinguished poorly motile sperm as shown by greater ROS production. EEPF1 should therefore have a significant role in the diagnosis of oxidative stress in male infertility, cryopreservation, age, lifestyle, and exposure to environmental toxicants.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-03-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2039589
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF00680839
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2006
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-10-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2038007
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-05-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2178680
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-05-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.883825
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-05-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.883826
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 13-05-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.883829
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 23-08-2018
DOI: 10.1364/OME.2.000304
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 15-05-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.886080
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2004
Abstract: We report the fabrication of the first spun holey optical fibre. Our experiments show that the complex air/glass transverse structure can be retained when the preform is spun during the fibre drawing process. Measurements of differential group delay (DGD) confirm that significant reductions in polarization mode dispersion (PMD) can be readily achieved using this approach.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-10-2010
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-03-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2003612
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 08-06-2001
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 11-06-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OME.3.000960
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 09-05-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.011995
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 15-07-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OL.38.002588
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-03-2003
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 22-02-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2004157
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 09-10-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.019311
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 29-08-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OE.19.017973
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 24-06-2008
DOI: 10.1364/OL.33.001473
Abstract: A general model of excitation and fluorescence recapturing by the forward and backward modes of filled microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) is presented. We also present experimental results for both backward and forward fluorescence recapturing within a MOF as a function of fiber length and demonstrate a good qualitative agreement between the numerical model and experimental results. We demonstrate higher efficiency of fluorescence recapturing into backward modes in comparison with that of forward modes.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 12-12-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.031309
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-01-2015
DOI: 10.3390/S150101168
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-03-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2003522
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 15-05-2011
DOI: 10.1117/12.885066
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 27-06-2013
DOI: 10.1364/AOP.5.000169
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 02-05-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.011301
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2003
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2003
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2009
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2005
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-2012
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2004
Abstract: We demonstrate an optical lifier based on an erbium doped holey fiber (EDHF) with a small core. Owing to the high NA, which is readily achievable using holey fiber technology, and the tight physical confinement of the erbium ions, we show that it is possible to achieve an internal gain efficiency of >8.5dB/mW using an aluminosilicate based glass within the core. The dependence of the gain and noise figure performance with respect to fiber length and wavelength are experimentally characterized.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2007
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 04-06-2008
DOI: 10.1364/OE.16.009034
Abstract: The absorption and fluorescence sensing properties of liquid-immersed exposed-core microstructured optical fibers are explored for the regime where these structures act as supported nanowires with direct access to the sensing environment. For absorption-based sensing we demonstrate that the amount of power propagating in the sensing region of the exposed-core fiber can compete with that of traditional MOFs. For fluorescence-based sensing, we see that in addition to the enhanced fluorescence capture efficiency already predicted for small-core, high refractive index contrast fibers, an improvement of up to 29% can be gained by using liquid-immersed exposed-core fibers. Additionally, calculation of the losses associated with interfaces between filled and unfilled sections predict significant benefit in using high refractive index substrate glasses for liquid-immersed exposed-core fiber sensing. This work demonstrates that, for fiber dimensions of interest, the exposed-core fiber is an attractive new sensor technology.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-09-2013
DOI: 10.1021/BM401040V
Abstract: A new biologically compatible Zn(II) sensor was fabricated by embedding a Zn(II) sensing spiropyran within the surface of a liposome derived from Escherichia coli lipids (LSP2). Solution-based experiments with increasing Zn(II) concentrations show improved aqueous solubility and sensitivity compared to the isolated spiropyran molecule (SP2). LSP2 is capable of sensing Zn(II) efflux from dying cells with preliminary data indicating that sensing is localized near the surface membrane of HEK 293 cells. Finally, LSP2 is suitable for development into a nanoliter-scale dip-sensor for Zn(II) using microstructured optical fiber as the sensing platform to detect Zn(II) in the range of 100 ρM with minimal photobleaching. Existing spiropyran based sensing molecules can thus be made biologically compatible, with an ability to operate with improved sensitivity using nanoscale liquid s le volumes. This work represents the first instance where photochromic spiropyran molecules and liposomes are combined to create a new and multifunctional sensing entity for Zn(II).
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 05-05-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2178825
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2059436
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 09-12-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OME.5.000073
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1049/EL:20072562
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 28-05-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.014784
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 23-10-2018
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 19-08-2009
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.015578
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 03-03-2015
DOI: 10.1117/12.2076889
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 09-10-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OE.22.025286
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 06-03-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2003306
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-06-2015
DOI: 10.1038/SREP11486
Abstract: We have developed a technique for creating high quality tellurite microspheres with embedded nanodiamonds (NDs) containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres. This hybrid method allows fluorescence of the NVs in the NDs to be directly, rather than evanescently, coupled to the whispering gallery modes of the tellurite microspheres at room temperature. As a demonstration of its sensing potential, shifting of the resonance peaks is also demonstrated by coating a sphere surface with a liquid layer. This new approach is a robust way of creating cavities for use in quantum and sensing applications.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 10-12-2015
DOI: 10.1364/OE.23.032664
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2011
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-10-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3651399
Abstract: The fundamental excited state decay processes relating to the 4I11/2 → 4I13/2 transition in singly Er3+-doped tellurite (TZNL) glass have been investigated in detail using time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Selective laser excitation of the 4I11/2 energy level at 970 nm and selective laser excitation of the 4I13/2 energy level at 1485 nm has established that energy transfer upconversion by way of a dipole-dipole interaction between two excited erbium ions in the 4I13/2 level populates the 4I11/2 upper laser level of the 3 μm transition. This upconversion has been analyzed for Er2O3 concentrations between 0.5 mol. % and 2.2 mol. %. The 4I13/2 and 4I11/2 energy levels emit luminescence with peaks located at 1532 nm and 2734 nm, respectively, with radiative decay efficiencies of 65% and 6.8% for the higher (2.2 mol. %) concentration s le. The low 2.7 μm emission efficiency is due to the non-radiative decay bridging the 4I11/2 → 4I13/2 transition and energy transfer to the OH− groups in the glass. Excited state absorption was observed to occur from the 4I13/2 and 4I11/2 levels with peak absorptions occurring at 1550 nm and 971 nm, respectively. The decay time of the 4I11/2 excited state decreased with an increase in the Er3+ concentration, which related to energy transfer to OH− ions that had a measured concentration of 6.6 × 1018 cm−3. Results from numerical simulations showed that a population inversion is reached at a threshold pumping intensity of ∼80 kW cm−2 for a cw laser pump at 976 nm if [Er3+] ≥ 1.2 × 1021 cm−3 (or [Er2O3] ≥ 2.65 mol. %) without OH− impurities being present.
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 26-07-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.018558
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 11-10-2013
DOI: 10.1117/12.2037511
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 07-12-2011
DOI: 10.1364/OME.2.000062
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 17-10-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.975125
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 09-02-2006
DOI: 10.1117/12.659619
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1049/CP.2013.1361
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2006
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 14-04-2008
DOI: 10.1117/12.801887
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-11-2014
DOI: 10.3390/S141121693
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 24-11-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OME.4.002608
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 11-01-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.001344
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 03-07-2014
DOI: 10.1364/OME.4.001515
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 09-02-2012
DOI: 10.1117/12.909681
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-08-2012
DOI: 10.3390/S120810759
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: OSA
Date: 2015
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2004
Abstract: We report cross-section measurement and propagation measurement of modes of large mode area holey fibers using near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). Mode profiles are measured at the fiber end face using a scanning optical fiber tip held 10 nm from the surface, and compared to theoretical models. Both litude and phase of the electric field of the propagating light is measured using NSOM techniques as a function of distance from the fiber end, from 10 nm to 150 microm. Good agreement is found between the data and simple scalar paraxial beam propagation simulations of theoretical mode profiles.
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1364/OE.15.017819
Abstract: The detection of quantum-dot labeled proteins is demonstrated within lead silicate soft glass microstructured optical fibers using near infrared light. The protein concentration is measured using a new fluorescence capture approach. Light guided within the fiber is used both to excite and collect fluorescent photons, and the detection limit achieved without optimization of the fiber geometry is 1 nM, using just 3% of the guided mode of the fiber. Issues that currently restrict the detection of lower protein concentrations are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: Optica Publishing Group
Date: 02-06-2008
DOI: 10.1364/OE.16.008845
Abstract: We propose a novel class of optical fiber with a porous transverse cross-section that is created by arranging sub-wavelength air-holes within the core of the fiber. These fibers can offer a combination of low transmission loss and high mode confinement in the THz regime by exploiting the enhancement of the guided mode field that occurs within these sub-wavelength holes. We evaluate the properties of these porous fibers and quantitatively compare their performance relative to that of a solid core air cladded fiber (microwire). For similar loss values, porous fibers enable improved light confinement and reduced distortion of a broadband pulse compared to microwires.
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 06-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.558.522
Abstract: This paper summarises recent work conducted on the development of exposed core microstructured optical fibres for distributed corrosion sensing. Most recently, exposed-core fibres have been fabricated in silica glass, which is known to be reliable under a range of processing and service environments. We characterise the stability of these new silica fibres when exposed to some typical sensing and storage environments. We show the background loss to be the best achieved to date for exposed-core fibres, while the transmission properties are up to ~2 orders of magnitude better than for the previously reported exposed-core fibres produced in soft glass. This provides a more robust fibre platform for corrosion sensing conditions and opens up new opportunities for distributed optical fibre sensors requiring long-term application in harsh environments.
Publisher: SPIE
Date: 02-06-2014
DOI: 10.1117/12.2059416
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-08-2014
DOI: 10.3390/S140814488
Publisher: The Optical Society
Date: 03-05-2013
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.011492
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2003
No related grants have been discovered for Tanya Monro.