ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4908-8061
Current Organisation
Edith Cowan University
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Proteomics and Intermolecular Interactions (excl. Medical Proteomics) | Biochemistry and Cell Biology | Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics not elsewhere classified | Biologically Active Molecules
Expanding Knowledge in the Chemical Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences | Expanding Knowledge in the Biological Sciences |
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1039/B001836H
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2000
DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(20000901)21:15<3073::AID-ELPS3073>3.0.CO;2-H
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-01-2012
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS13021380
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2007
Abstract: A range of compounds were evaluated as probes for the indirect detection of inorganic ions using CE and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as the light source. Emphasis was placed on examining probes likely to absorb strongly in the UV-Vis region near 350-430 nm as compounds, which absorb at longer wavelengths tend to be bulkier and adsorb onto the capillary wall. These probes should act as a replacement for the very effective but carcinogenic probe chromate. Two probes were identified and evaluated: p-nitrophenol and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid. The former showed the most potential with low-mobility anions, while the later had a moderate electrophoretic mobility and was more suitable for a wider mobility range of analytes. However, neither could match the efficiencies and LOD of chromate for the separation of the fast inorganic ions such as chloride, nitrate and sulphate. Nevertheless, application of the 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid system to the determination of oxalate in Bayer liquors showed excellent sensitivity and selectivity.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARENVRES.2017.02.008
Abstract: Three species of macroalgae (Ecklonia radiata, Sargassum linearifolium, and Laurencia brongniartii) were subjected to future climate change conditions, tested directly for changes in their physiology and chemical ecology, and used in feeding assays with local herbivores to identify the indirect effects of climatic stressors on subsequent levels of herbivory. Each alga had distinct physical and chemical responses to the changes in environmental conditions. In high temperature conditions, S. linearifolium exhibited high levels of bleaching and low maximum quantum yield. For E. radiata, the alga became more palatable to herbivores and the C:N ratios were either higher or lower, dependent on the treatment. Laurencia brongniartii was effected in all manipulations when compared to controls, with increases in bleaching, blade density, and C:N ratios and decreases in growth, maximum quantum yield, blade toughness, total phenolics and consumption by mesograzers. The differential responses we observed in each species have important implications for benthic communities in projected climate change conditions and we suggest that future studies target multi-species assemblage responses.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-07-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-019-02036-Y
Abstract: The Paleolithic diet is promoted worldwide for improved gut health. However, there is little evidence available to support these claims, with existing literature examining anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes. To determine the association between dietary intake, markers of colonic health, microbiota, and serum trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO), a gut-derived metabolite associated with cardiovascular disease. In a cross-sectional design, long-term ( n = 44, 1 year) self-reported followers of a Paleolithic diet (PD) and controls ( n = 47) consuming a diet typical of national recommendations were recruited. Diets were assessed via 3-day weighed diet records 48-h stool for short chain fatty acids using GC/MS, microbial composition via 16S rRNA sequencing of the V4 region using Illumina MiSeq. TMAO was quantified using LC–MS/MS. Participants were grouped according to PD adherence namely excluding grains and dairy products. Strict Paleolithic (SP) ( n = 22) and Pseudo-Paleolithic (PP) ( n = 22) groups were formed. General linear modelling with age, gender, energy intake and body fat percentage as covariates assessed differences between groups. Intake of resistant starch was lower in both Paleolithic groups, compared to controls [2.62, 1.26 vs 4.48 g/day ( P 0.05)] PERMANOVA analysis showed differences in microbiota composition ( P 0.05), with higher abundance of TMA-producer Hungatella in both Paleolithic groups ( P 0.001). TMAO was higher in SP compared to PP and control ( P 0.01), and inversely associated with whole grain intake ( r = − 0.34, P 0.01). Although the PD is promoted for improved gut health, results indicate long-term adherence is associated with different gut microbiota and increased TMAO. A variety of fiber components, including whole grain sources may be required to maintain gut and cardiovascular health. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTRN12616001703493).
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1152/JAPPLPHYSIOL.00499.2018
Abstract: Although complex in nature, a number of metabolites have been implicated in the onset of exercise-induced fatigue. The purpose of this study was to identify changes in the plasma metabolome and specifically, to identify candidate metabolites associated with the onset of fatigue during prolonged cycling. Eighteen healthy and recreationally active men (mean ± SD age: 24.7 ± 4.8 yr mass 67.1 ± 6.1 kg body mass index: 22.8 ± 2.2 peak oxygen uptake: 40.9 ± 6.1 ml·kg −1 ·min −1 ) were recruited to this study. Participants performed a prolonged cycling time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test at an intensity corresponding to a fixed blood lactate concentration (3 mmol/l). Plasma s les collected at 10 min of exercise, before fatigue (last s le before fatigue min before fatigue), immediately after fatigue (point of exhaustion), and 20 min after fatigue were assessed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach. Eighty metabolites were putatively identified, with 68 metabolites demonstrating a significant change during the cycling task (duration: ~80.9 ± 13.6 min). A clear multivariate structure in the data was revealed, with the first principal component (36% total variance) describing a continuous increase in metabolite concentration throughout the TTE trial and recovery, whereas the second principal component (14% total variance) showed an increase in metabolite concentration followed by a recovery trajectory, peaking at the point of fatigue. Six clusters of correlated metabolites demonstrating unique metabolite trajectories were identified, including significant separation in the metabolome between prefatigue and postfatigue time points. In accordance with our hypothesis, free-fatty acids and tryptophan contributed to differences in the plasma metabolome at fatigue. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Metabolites have long been implicated in the onset of fatigue. This study applied a metabolomic approach to track 80 plasma-borne metabolites during a cycle to fatigue task. Of these, 68 metabolites demonstrated significant change, with the plasma metabolome at fatigue being clearly distinguishable from other time points. Six unique clusters of metabolites were identified, and free fatty acids were strongly associated with fatigue onset therein lending support to the central fatigue hypothesis.
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 04-12-2013
DOI: 10.3354/MEPS10554
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200105)22:8<1447::AID-ELPS1447>3.0.CO;2-%23
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2011.01.015
Abstract: A simple and rapid capillary zone electrophoresis method to quantitatively determine the phenolic acid contents in brassica vegetables is described. Phenolic compounds were extracted from broccoli, broccolini, Brussels sprouts, cabbage and cauliflower and the main hydroxycinnamic acids (sinapic, ferulic, p-coumaric and caffeic acids) were isolated by solid phase extraction with C18 cartridges. Using an optimised method, the four analytes were separated in less than 7min in a 50μm×60cm capillary with a 15mM borate buffer (pH=9.13) and a separation voltage of 30kV at 30°C. A linear relationship was observed for the method (r=0.9997-0.9999) with detection limits ranging from 1.1 to 2.3mg/kg of vegetables for the analytes. This method demonstrated good reproducibility with coefficients of variation of less than 5% for peak area and less than 1% for migration time (n=7). The method was successfully applied to quantitatively determine the phenolic acid contents in a range of brassica vegetables and the results were in good agreement when compared to those from high performance liquid chromatography analysis.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-12-2019
DOI: 10.3390/NU12010016
Abstract: The consortium of trillions of microorganisms that live inside the human gut are integral to health. Little has been done to collate and characterize the microbiome of children. A systematic review was undertaken to address this gap (PROSPERO ID: CRD42018109599). MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched using the keywords: “healthy preadolescent children” and “gut microbiome” to 31 August 2018. Of the 815 journal articles, 42 met the inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the relative abundance of bacteria at the phylum, family, and genus taxonomic ranks. α- ersity, short chain fatty acid concentrations, diet, 16S rRNA sequencing region, and geographical location were documented. The preadolescent gut microbiome is dominated at the phylum level by Firmicutes (weighted overall average relative abundance = 51.1%) and Bacteroidetes (36.0%) genus level by Bacteroides (16.0%), Prevotella (8.69%), Faecalibacterium (7.51%), and Bifidobacterium (5.47%). Geographic location and 16S rRNA sequencing region were independently associated with microbial proportions. There was limited consensus between studies that reported α- ersity and short chain fatty acids. Broadly speaking, participants from non-Western locations, who were less likely to follow a Westernized dietary pattern, had higher α- ersity and SCFA concentrations. Confirmatory studies will increase the understanding of the composition and functional capacity of the preadolescent gut microbiome.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 17-04-1999
DOI: 10.1021/JF980959U
Abstract: A capillary electrophoretic method, for the determination of antioxidants present in food, has been developed using mixed micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. The buffer consists of sodium cholate (40 mM), sodium dodecyl sulfate (15 mM), 10% methanol, and 10 mM borate at pH 9.3. A separation was obtained for nine antioxidants (synthetic and natural) commonly found in food. High-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis were applied to the analysis of sesame oil and wine. Ascorbic acid was identified in wine.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACA.2010.01.043
Abstract: Glucoraphanin, a glucosinolate, is found naturally in plants and is present in relatively high concentrations in broccoli. Glucosinolates have received much attention as studies have indicated that a diet rich in them may provide some protection from certain cancers. A micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method using sodium cholate as the micellar phase has been developed to quantify for glucoraphanin in broccoli (seeds and florets) and Brussels sprouts. The glucoraphanin peak elutes just under 5min with a theoretical plate number of 380,000 per metre of capillary. The method is suitable for crude extracts of broccoli and Brussels sprouts. Glucoraphanin in broccoli seeds (1330mg/100g) broccoli florets (89mg/100g) and Brussels sprouts (3mg/100g) was determined and agreed with the data obtained by high performance liquid chromatography. The LODs were 10-100 times below the levels typically found in broccoli seeds (4mg/100g), broccoli florets (0.9mg/100g) and Brussels sprouts (0.1mg/100g).
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 28-08-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-08-2019
Abstract: A diet rich in polyphenolic compounds has recognized health benefits, and as such is routinely monitored as part of dietary intervention studies. A method for the simultaneous determination of 36 phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry is described here. The target analytes were quantified based on their specific mass spectral fragments using a selected reaction monitoring approach. A C18 column with embedded aromatic functionality ensured separation of all phenolic compounds studied which included several pairs of isomers. S le preparation involved the use of β-glucuronidase to release the phenolic compounds from their conjugated forms. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy was less than 7% for all phenolic compounds studied. Recoveries, where plasma was spiked with three different concentrations of the analytes, ranged from 95-115%. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.23-3.89 and 1.15-7.79 nM, respectively. The method was successfully applied to real s les and the range reported for each phenolic compound, with the exception of hydroferulic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, methylgallate, and m-coumaric acid, was at least an order of magnitude higher than the limit of quantification for the method.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2000
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00092-3
Abstract: An experimental study of parameters influencing peak shapes in ion-exchange open tubular (OT) capillary electrochromatography (CEC) was conducted using adsorbed quaternary aminated latex particles as the stationary phase. The combination of separation mechanisms from both capillary electrophoresis and ion-exchange chromatography results in peak broadening in OT-CEC arising from both these techniques. The sources of peak broadening that were considered included the relative electrophoretic mobilities of the eluent co-ion and analyte, and resistance to mass transfer in both the mobile and stationary phases. The parameters investigated were the mobility of the eluent co-ion, column diameter, separation temperature and secondary interactions between the analyte and the stationary phase. The electromigration dispersion was found to influence peak shapes to a minor extent, indicating that chromatographic retention was the dominant source of dispersion. Improving the resistance to mass transfer in the mobile phase by decreasing the capillary diameter improved peak shapes, with symmetrical peaks being obtained in a 25 microm I.D. column. However, an increase in temperature from 25 degrees C to 55 degrees C failed to show any significant improvement. The addition of p-cyanophenol to the mobile phase to suppress secondary interactions with the stationary phase did not result in the expected improvement in efficiency.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-06-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-020-09124-3
Abstract: Australia, like other nations, has experienced a shift in dietary patterns away from home cooking of nutritious foods, towards a reliance on pre-prepared convenience meals. These are typically energy-dense, nutrient-poor and contribute to the rising prevalence of obesity and chronic disease burden. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether a community-based cooking program instigated a change to participants’ skills, attitudes, knowledge, enjoyment and satisfaction of cooking and cooking confidence (self-efficacy). The pseudo-random, pre-post study design consisted of an intervention and a control group. Participant recruitment and group allocation was based on their program start dates. Intervention participants were surveyed three times (baseline, 7 weeks and 6 months) and the control group were surveyed at baseline and 5 weeks. All participants were registered via an online website and were 18 years or over. Upon consent, participants were offered four levels of commitment, defined by different assessments. The minimum participation level included an online survey and levels 2, 3 and 4 involved attendance at a clinic with increasing functional, anthropometric and biomarker measurements. Primary endpoints were participants’ cooking confidence as a proxy for self-efficacy. Secondary endpoints were dietary intake, physical activity levels, body composition, anthropometry, blood, urine and faecal biomarkers of systemic, physical and mental health. The community cooking program provided participants with information and advice on food sourcing, preparation and nutrition to improve home cooking skills. The study was designed to explore whether food literacy programs are efficacious in improving participant physical health and well-being in order to combat the rise in obesity and diet-related disease . It will support future use of public health cooking program initiatives aimed at improving food literacy, self-efficacy and physical and mental health. The extensive data collected will inform future research into the relationship between diet, the gut-microbiota and human health. Retrospectively registered on 16.08.2019 with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). ACTRN12619001144101 . Protocol version 4.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 11-2018
Abstract: Joseph John Thomson discovered and proved the existence of electrons through a series of experiments. His work earned him a Nobel Prize in 1906 and initiated the era of mass spectrometry (MS). In the intervening time, other researchers have also been awarded the Nobel Prize for significant advances in MS technology. The development of soft ionization techniques was central to the application of MS to large biological molecules and led to an unprecedented interest in the study of biomolecules such as proteins (proteomics), metabolites (metabolomics), carbohydrates (glycomics), and lipids (lipidomics), allowing a better understanding of the molecular underpinnings of health and disease. The interest in large molecules drove improvements in MS resolution and now the challenge is in data deconvolution, intelligent exploitation of heterogeneous data, and interpretation, all of which can be ameliorated with a proposed IMass technology. We define IMass as a combination of MS and artificial intelligence, with each performing a specific role. IMass will offer advantages such as improving speed, sensitivity, and analyses of large data that are presently not possible with MS alone. In this study, we present an overview of the MS considering historical perspectives and applications, challenges, as well as insightful highlights of IMass.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 17-12-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S000711451800329X
Abstract: The Paleolithic diet excludes two major sources of fibre, grains and legumes. However, it is not known whether this results in changes to resistant starch (RS) consumption. Serum trimethylamine- N -oxide (TMAO) is produced mainly from colonic fermentation and hepatic conversion of animal protein and is implicated in CVD, but changes in RS intake may alter concentrations. We aimed to determine whether intake of RS and serum concentrations of TMAO varied in response to either the Paleolithic or the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) diets and whether this was related to changes in food group consumption. A total of thirty-nine women (mean age 47 ( sd 13) years, BMI 27 ( sd 4) kg/m 2 ) were randomised to AGHE ( n 17) or Paleolithic diets ( n 22) for 4 weeks. Serum TMAO concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography–MS food groups, fibre and RS intake were estimated from weighed food records. The change in TMAO concentrations between groups (Paleolithic 3·39 μ m v . AGHE 1·19 μ m , P = 0·654) did not reach significance despite greater red meat and egg consumption in the Paleolithic group (0·65 serves/d 95 % CI 0·2, 1·1 P ·01, and 0·22 serves/d 95 % CI 0·1, 0·4, P ·05, respectively). RS intake was significantly lower on the Paleolithic diet ( P ·01) and was not associated with TMAO concentrations. However, the limited data for RS and the small s le size may have influenced these findings. While there were no significant changes in TMAO concentrations, increased meat consumption and reduced RS intake warrant further research to examine the markers of gastrointestinal health of Paleolithic diet followers and to update Australian food databases to include additional fibre components.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0FO01130D
Abstract: Apples, an important contributor to total dietary phenolic intake, are associated with cardiovascular health benefits.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-03-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-02-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-12-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S00216-018-1522-8
Abstract: Serum branched chain amino acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide are monitored as potential indicators of diabetes and cardiovascular health respectively. A rapid method for their simultaneous determination using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry is described here. Branched chain amino acids and trimethylamine-N-oxide were quantified based on their specific MS/MS fragments using a selected reaction monitoring approach. A number of columns were tested for their ability to separate the analytes. A C18-PFP column separated the analytes in just 4 minutes, and resulted in excellent peak shape and retention time repeatability, and was therefore chosen as the optimal column. A second column, the Intrada Amino Acid column, was chosen for comparison and validation experiments as it provided an orthogonal separation mechanism. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy were less than 12% for trimethylamine-N-oxide and less than 6% for the branched chain amino acids. Recoveries, where serum was spiked with three different concentrations of the analytes, ranged from 97 to 113%. The LODs and LOQs for trimethylamine-N-oxide were 1 and 6 ng/mL, for leucine and isoleucine were 4 and 8 ng/mL, and for valine were 5 and 15 ng/mL, respectively. The C18-PFP column method was validated using the Intrada Amino Acid column method and percentage agreement for all four analytes was within 10%. S le preparation was minimal, and use of labelled internal standards accounted for matrix effects. The method was successfully applied to human plasma s les. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 28-04-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-11-2014
Abstract: Osmoregulants are the substances that help plants to tolerate environmental extremes such as salinity and drought. Proline and betaine are two of the most commonly studied osmoregulants. An indirect UV CE method has been developed for simultaneous determination of these osmoregulants. A variety of reported probes and compounds were examined as potential probes for the indirect detection of proline and betaine. Mobility and UV-absorption properties highlighted sulfanilamide as a potential probe for indirect analysis of proline and betaine. Using 5 mM sulfanilamide at pH 2.2 with UV detection at 254 nm, proline and betaine were separated in less than 15 min. The LODs for proline and betaine were 11.6 and 28.3 μM, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to quantification of these two osmoregulants in spinach and beetroot s les.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 21-10-2000
DOI: 10.1021/JF000515+
Abstract: The development and application of a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method in the analysis of vanilla extracts and vanilla flavorings was studied. The SPME method was developed to be used in conjunction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimized SPME s ling parameters for the determination of the volatile components included a poly(acrylate) fiber, a 40-min s ling time at room temperature, and a 2-min desorption time. The reproducibility of the method was good, with a percent relative standard deviation between 2.5 and 6.4% for the target compounds. The data suggest that the origin of natural extracts can be readily determined from the GC profile and that differences exist between nature-identical and synthetic flavorings and the natural extracts. The method also has potential for identifying the type of vanilla extract/flavoring used to flavor food.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-05-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1999
DOI: 10.1016/S0021-9673(98)01019-X
Abstract: A micellar electrokinetic chromatography method was developed to simultaneously analyse commonly used food additives. The additive mixture, comprising propyl gallate, octyl gallate, dodecyl gallate, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, tertiary butylhydroquinone, p-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, p-hydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, saccharin, aspartame and acesulfame-K, was not resolved using single surfactant micellar systems consisting of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium cholate (SC) or sodium deoxycholate (SDC). The separation of these additives using mixed micellar systems, involving SDS/SC, SDS/SDC and SC/SDC, was investigated. Organic solvents were added to the mixed micellar phases to optimise the separation. The mixture was successfully separated using a 20 mM borate buffer with 35 mM SC, 15 mM SDS and 10% methanol added at pH 9.3. Additives in cola beverages and low-joule jam were investigated and quantified using this method.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-08-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S00216-021-03589-W
Abstract: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are increasingly being monitored to elucidate the link between gut health and disease. These metabolites are routinely measured in faeces, but their determination in serum is more challenging due to their low concentrations. A method for the determination of eight SCFAs in serum is described here. High-resolution mass spectrometry and gas chromatography were used to identify the presence of isomeric interferences, which were then overcome through a combination of chromatographic separation and judicious choice of MS fragment ion. The SCFAs were derivatised to form 3-nitrophenylhydrazones before being separated on a reversed-phase column and then detected using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ-MS). The LODs and LOQs of SCFAs using this method were in the range 1 to 7 ng mL −1 and 3 to 19 ng mL −1 , respectively. The recovery of the SCFAs in serum ranged from 94 to 114% over the three concentration ranges tested.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-06-2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-02-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-01-2012
DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-1797.2011.01532.X
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to use metabolomics to investigate the cystic phenotype in the Lewis polycystic kidney rat. Spot urine s les were collected from four male Lewis control and five male Lewis polycystic kidney rats aged 5 weeks, before kidney function was significantly impaired. Metabolites were extracted from urine and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis was used to determine key metabolites contributing to the variance observed between s le groups. With the development of a metabolomics method to analyse Lewis and Lewis polycystic kidney rat urine, 2-ketoglutaric acid, allantoin, uric acid and hippuric acid were identified as potential biomarkers of cystic disease in the rat model. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of metabolomics to further investigate kidney disease.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHROMA.2015.08.012
Abstract: A novel approach for the direct injection from plant tissues without any s le pre-treatment has been developed by simply placing a small piece of the tissue into a capillary electrophoresis vial followed by application of a voltage for electrokinetic injection. Separations of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium were achieved using a BGE comprising 10mM imidazole and 2.5mM 18-crown-6-ether at pH 4.5. The addition of 2% (m/v) hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose to the separation buffer allowed for precise and accurate electrokinetic injection of ions from the plant material by halting the movement of tissue fluid into the capillary. This method provides both qualitative and quantitative data of inorganic cations, with quantitation in zucchini, mushroom and apple s les in agreement with Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometric analysis (r(2)=0.98, n=9). This method provides a new way for rapid, quantitative analysis by eliminating s le preparation procedures, and has great potential for a range of applications in plant science and food chemistry.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCHROMB.2019.04.021
Abstract: Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) encompasses a spectrum of inherited disorders that lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). There is no cure for PKD and current treatment options are limited to renal replacement therapy and transplantation. A better understanding of the pathobiology of PKD is needed for the development of new, less invasive treatments. The Lewis Polycystic Kidney (LPK) rat phenotype has been characterized and classified as a model of nephronophthisis (NPHP9, caused by mutation of the Nek8 gene) for which polycystic kidneys are one of the main pathologic features. The aim of this study was to use a GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach to determine key biochemical changes in kidney and liver tissue of the LPK rat. Tissues from 16-week old LPK (n = 10) and Lewis age- and sex-matched control animals (n = 11) were used. Principal component analysis (PCA) distinguished signal corrected metabolite profiles from Lewis and LPK rats for kidney (PC-1 77%) and liver (PC-1 46%) tissue. There were marked differences in the metabolite profiles of the kidney tissues with 122 deconvoluted features significantly different between the LPK and Lewis strains. The metabolite profiles were less marked between strains for liver s les with 30 features significantly different. Five biochemical pathways showed three or more significantly altered metabolites: transcription/translation, arginine and proline metabolism, alpha-linolenic and linoleic acid metabolism, the citric acid cycle, and the urea cycle. The results of this study validate and complement the current literature and are consistent with the understood pathobiology of PKD.
Publisher: Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-05-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12937-020-00559-3
Abstract: A diet rich in fruits and vegetables is recommended for cardiovascular health. However, the majority of Australians do not consume the recommended number of vegetable servings each day. Furthermore, intakes of vegetables considered to have the greatest cardiovascular benefit are often very low. Results from prospective observational studies indicate that a higher consumption of cruciferous vegetables (e.g. broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower) is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. This may be due to the presence of specific nutrients and bioactive compounds found almost exclusively, or at relatively high levels, in cruciferous vegetables. Therefore, the aim of this randomised controlled crossover trial is to determine whether regular consumption of cruciferous vegetables results in short-term improvement in measures related to cardiovascular disease risk, including ambulatory blood pressure, arterial stiffness, glycaemic control, and circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Twenty-five participants (50–75 years) with mildly elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 120–160 mmHg) will complete two 2-week intervention periods in random order, separated by a 2-week washout period. During the intervention period, participants will consume 4 servings (~ 300 g) of cruciferous vegetables per day as a soup (~ 500–600 mL/day). The ‘control’ soup will consist of other commonly consumed vegetables (potato, sweet potato, carrot, pumpkin). Both soups will be approximately matched for energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content. All measurements will be performed at the beginning and end of each intervention period. The findings of this study will provide evidence regarding the potential cardiometabolic health benefits of cruciferous vegetables, which may contribute to the revision of dietary and clinical guidelines. The trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry on 19th September 2019 ( ACTRN12619001294145 ).
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-03-2011
DOI: 10.1021/ED1000872
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1071/WF10125
Abstract: Preventing fire from entering wetland areas during seasonal or prolonged drought, or suppressing fire once it has entered a wetland, requires consideration of the consequences of the fire-management action on water quality. Two approaches can be taken to suppress such fires: chemical fire retardants or the flooding of sediments. We determine a lack of information relating to the effects of these approaches for water quality within fire-affected wetlands. The aim of this study was to gain a preliminary understanding of the effects of three treatments: two chemical treatments and saturation. Microcosms were established to test sediments from a wetland on the Swan Coastal Plain, Western Australia, which were exposed to temperatures ranging from 30 to 800°C. The results indicate that one of the fire-retardant chemicals increased the soluble nutrient load present in the water column, as predicted by the results of other research. However, the same chemical had a minor but important effect as an acidity buffer when the organic, pyritic sediment was heated but not burnt. The second chemical treatment did not increase the nutrient load but neither did it buffer the acidity generated by the heating and burning of the organic sediment. It was virtually indistinguishable from the saturation treatment in this regard.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-07-2013
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 04-06-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-06-2010
Abstract: Seven food grade antioxidants were resolved by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. The antioxidants included propyl gallate, octyl gallate, dodecyl gallate, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, tert-butylhydroquinone and alpha-tocopherol. They were resolved in 11 min using a low pH microemulsion containing 20% propan-2-ol. Theoretical plates in the range 39,000-95,000 per length of column (38.5 cm) were recorded for the antioxidants. The LODs were calculated to be in the range 9-44 microg/mL (30 s hydrostatic injection and a 50 microm id capillary column). The method can also be used to simultaneously analyse for the synthetic preservatives sorbic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid and the parabens. The method was successfully applied to noodles for the determination of butylated hydroxytoluene and propyl gallate and to pharmaceutical supplement tablets for alpha-tocopherol. The in-capillary concentration of butylated hydroxytoluene by sweeping was also demonstrated.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2007
Abstract: The application of CE to the analysis of additives and organic contaminants in food since 2001 has been reviewed. Additives included in the review are dyes, preservatives, antioxidants and sweeteners. Organic contaminants included in the review are pesticides, antibiotics and those produced during processing or cooking food. The review highlights the strategies and approaches adopted in making CE suitable for the determination of analytes at residue level and in complicated matrices.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2001
DOI: 10.1002/1522-2683(200105)22:8<1447::AID-ELPS1447>3.0.CO;2-#
Start Date: 2015
End Date: 12-2015
Amount: $670,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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