ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4613-2629
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 22-06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-07-2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1039/C1CP20734B
Abstract: In an organic photovoltaic device, a layer consisting of two organic compounds, one functioning as an electron acceptor and the other as an electron donor, is sandwiched between two electrodes. Sufficient concentration of the electron acceptor is required at the interface to the low work function electrode as well as sufficient concentration of the electron donor at the interface to the high work function electrode. Frequently used compounds are poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and [6,6]-phenyl-C(61)-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). It is reported in the literature that blends of these materials show a gradient throughout the polymer layer within devices due to phase separation. The direction of the gradient is dependent on the surface energy of the substrates onto which the polymer solutions are spincoated. This is assumed to be detrimental in the usual device structure of photovoltaic devices. In this report the surface of the blend was studied with a combination of a depth profiling technique sensitive for elemental composition and two electron spectroscopy techniques differing in their surface sensitivity. After spin coating, a thin layer of PCBM with a thickness of approximately a single monolayer was found just below the blend surface. The implication for organic photovoltaic devices is discussed.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 15-02-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-11-2020
DOI: 10.3390/MET10111561
Abstract: Two groups of martensitic alloys were examined for changes induced by deep cryogenic treatment (DCT). The first group was a range of binary and ternary compositions with 0.6 wt % carbon, and the second group was a commercial AISI D2 tool steel. X-ray diffraction showed that DCT made two changes to the microstructure: retained austenite was transformed to martensite, and the dislocation density of the martensite was increased. This increase in dislocation density was consistent for all alloys, including those that did not undergo phase transformation during DCT. It is suggested that the increase in dislocation density may be caused by local differences in thermal expansion within the heterogeneous martensitic structure. Then, s les were tempered, and the cementite size distribution was examined using small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and atom probe tomography. First principles calculations confirmed that all magnetic scattering originated in cementite and not carbon clusters. Quantitative SANS analysis showed a measurable change in cementite size distribution for all alloys as a result of prior DCT. It is proposed that the increase in dislocation density that results from DCT modifies the cementite precipitation through enhanced diffusion rates and increased cementite nucleation sites.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-09-2018
No related grants have been discovered for Natalya Schmerl.