ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6197-4816
Current Organisation
University of South Australia
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-11-2020
DOI: 10.3390/S20226671
Abstract: The spectra fingerprint of drinking water from a water treatment plant (WTP) is characterised by a number of light-absorbing substances, including organic, nitrate, disinfectant, and particle or turbidity. Detection of disinfectant (monochloramine) can be better achieved by separating its spectra from the combined spectra. In this paper, two major focuses are (i) the separation of monochloramine spectra from the combined spectra and (ii) assessment of the application of the machine learning algorithm in real-time detection of monochloramine. The support vector regression (SVR) model was developed using multi-wavelength ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorbance spectra and online erometric monochloramine residual measurement data. The performance of the SVR model was evaluated by using four different kernel functions. Results show that (i) particles or turbidity in water have a significant effect on UV-Vis spectral measurement and improved modelling accuracy is achieved by using particle compensated spectra (ii) modelling performance is further improved by compensating the spectra for natural organic matter (NOM) and nitrate (NO3) and (iii) the choice of kernel functions greatly affected the SVR performance, especially the radial basis function (RBF) appears to be the highest performing kernel function. The outcomes of this research suggest that disinfectant residual (monochloramine) can be measured in real time using the SVR algorithm with a precision level of ± 0.1 mg L−1.
Publisher: International Information and Engineering Technology Association
Date: 31-12-2014
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-03-2019
DOI: 10.3390/W11030611
Abstract: This study investigates the comparative performance of event-based and continuous simulation modelling of a stormwater management model (EPA-SWMM) in calculating total runoff hydrographs and direct runoff hydrographs. Myponga upstream and Scott Creek catchments in South Australia were selected as the case study catchments and model performance was assessed using a total of 36 streamflow events from the period of 2001 to 2004. Goodness-of-fit of the EPA-SWMM models developed using automatic calibration were assessed using eight goodness-of-fit measures including Nash–Sutcliff efficiency (NSE), NSE of daily high flows (ANSE), Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE), etc. The results of this study suggest that event-based modelling of EPA-SWMM outperforms the continuous simulation approach in producing both total runoff hydrograph (TRH) and direct runoff hydrograph (DRH).
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-08-2022
Abstract: The Magnitude and occurrence of extreme low flow events are needed in setting minimum flows to protect the instream users. As the true distribution is not normally known, the identification of the most appropriate distribution function that describes the extreme low flow data of a catchment is essential in estimating reliable low flow quantiles at various average recurrence intervals (ARI). The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative assessment of the performance of three plausible distribution functions for estimating low flow quantiles. The investigation was carried out by using 27-gauge stations within South Australia (SA), the driest state in Australia. The best distribution function out of the three selected distributions Log Normal (LN), Log Pearson Type 3 (LP3), and Generalized Extreme Value (GEV for each of the three selected annual minima series (7-day, 15-day and 30-day) at each gauged catchments was identified. The estimated low flow quantiles from using these three distribution functions were compared using RMSE values estimated through Monte Carlo simulation studies. For the majority of the selected study catchments, GEV fitted using L moments was found to be the best method for estimating low flow quantiles at ARIs over 10 years (≥14%), while at low ARI, LP3 fitted using the Method of Moments (MOM) was shown to outperform (≥17%) the other methods.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D1EW00640A
Abstract: Major pathways of monochloramine disinfectant decay, kinetics involved, various influencing factors and the existing models to determine the chloramine decay in drinking water distribution systems are reviewed.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-02-2021
DOI: 10.3390/W13040525
Abstract: In semi-arid regions, groundwater resources play a crucial role in all economic, environmental, and social processes. However, the occurrence, movement, and recharge of these hidden and valuable resources vary from place to place. Therefore, better management practices and mapping of groundwater recharge potential zones are needed for the sustainable groundwater resources. For an ex le, groundwater resources in Willochra Basin are vitally important for drinking, irrigation, and stock use. This study shows the significance of the application of three decision-making approaches, including multi-influencing factor, analytical hierarchy process, and frequency ratio techniques in the identification of groundwater potential zones. A total of seven criteria, including lithology, slope, soil texture, land-use, rainfall, drainage density, and lineament density, were extracted from conventional and remote sensing data sources. The parameters and their assigned weights were integrated using Geographic Information System (GIS) software to generate recharge potential maps. The resultant maps were evaluated using the area under the curve method. The results showed that the southern regions of the Willochra Basin are more promising for groundwater recharge potential. The map produced using the frequency ratio model was the most efficient (84%), followed by the multi-influencing factor model (70%) and then the analytical hierarchy process technique (62%). The area under the curve method agreed when evaluated using published weights and rating values.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-06-2022
DOI: 10.3390/W14132021
Abstract: The conventional drinking water treatment process involves disinfecting water at the final stage of treatment to ensure water is microbiologically safe at customer taps. Monochloramine is a popular disinfectant used in many water distribution systems (WDSs) worldwide. Understanding the factors that impact monochloramine decay in the WDS is critical for maintaining disinfection at the customer tap. While monochloramine residue moves through a WDS, it decays via several pathways including chemical, microbiological, and wall decay processes. The decay profile in these pathways is often site-specific and depends on various factors including treated water characteristics. In a water quality network model, the decay of a chemical species is often modelled using two parameters that represent bulk and wall decay kinetics. Typical bulk decay characteristics of monochloramine for a specific WDS can be easily established in the laboratory using grab s le tests, while in a real situation, wall decay is difficult to quantify. In this study, we compared two different approaches to model monochloramine decay in a WDS. In the first approach, the wall decay parameter was quantified using a parameter optimisation technique with monochloramine concentrations at different network locations simulated using a water quality network model. In the second approach, a data analytics model was developed using a machine learning algorithm. For both approaches, the model predicted monochloramine concentrations closely matched the observed data. Our study suggests that the data analytics model has a relatively higher accuracy in predicting monochloramine residual concentrations in a WDS.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-04-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S13201-022-01618-2
Abstract: Irrigation development necessitates suitable lands for higher yield production and the development of long-term irrigation systems. The purpose of this research was to identify appropriate irrigation lands for irrigation in the Minch Yekest watershed in West Amhara, Ethiopia. Geospatial and multi-criteria decision-making techniques were used in this study. For land suitability analysis for surface irrigation, slope, land use, altitude, distance from the water source, soil characteristics, and available water storage capacity parameters were used. To find the best location for surface irrigation, the values were weighted and combined using the weighted overlay tool. The irrigation land suitability of each physical land parameter was classified into four suitability classes (S1, S2, S3, and N) based on the Food and Agricultural Organization guideline. According to the findings, 63% of the watershed area is highly suitable, 6.25% is moderately suitable, 28.69% is marginally suitable, and 2.06% is not suitable for the aforementioned purposes. The methodological approach and study findings could help policymakers make better decisions when developing irrigation projects in Ethiopia.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 16-12-2015
DOI: 10.1002/2015GL066235
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-10-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-03-2022
Abstract: Nitrification is a major challenge in chloraminated drinking water systems, resulting in undesirable loss of disinfectant residual. Consequently, heterotrophic bacteria growth is increased, which adversely affects the water quality, causing taste, odour, and health issues. Regular monitoring of various water quality parameters at susceptible areas of the water distribution system (WDS) helps to detect nitrification at an earlier stage and allows sufficient time to take corrective actions to control it. Strategies to monitor nitrification in a WDS require conducting various microbiological tests or assessing surrogate parameters that are affected by microbiological activities. Additionally, microbial decay factor (Fm) is used by water utilities to monitor the status of nitrification. In contrast, approaches to manage nitrification in a WDS include controlling various factors that affect monochloramine decay rate and ammonium substrate availability, and that can inhibit nitrification. However, some of these control strategies may increase the regulated disinfection-by-products level, which may be a potential health concern. In this paper, various strategies to monitor and control nitrification in a WDS are critically examined. The key findings are: (i) the applicability of some methods require further validation using real WDS, as the original studies were conducted on laboratory or pilot systems (ii) there is no linkage/formula found to relate the surrogate parameters to the concentration of nitrifying bacteria, which possibly improve nitrification monitoring performance (iii) improved methods/monitoring tools are required to detect nitrification at an earlier stage (iv) further studies are required to understand the effect of soluble microbial products on the change of surrogate parameters. Based on the current review, we recommend that the successful outcome using many of these methods is often site-specific, hence, water utilities should decide based on their regular experiences when considering economic and sustainability aspects.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-07-2020
DOI: 10.3390/AGRICULTURE10070297
Abstract: This study deals with the evaluation of the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) and water quality (WQ) on the vegetative and productive response of greenhouse-grown tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Izmir). A pot-based experiment was carried out over two growing seasons. Three WQ: (groundwater, recycled wastewater and a mix of both) were applied in four irrigation scenarios which targeted soil moisture content (SMC) maintaining at 60%, 70%, 80% and 100% of field capacity (FC). Results showed that both DI and WQ had significant effects on crop development, yield and water productivity. The highest values of plant height (186.0 ± 0.58 cm) and stem diameter (23.40 ± 0.02 mm) were found at 100% FC (control). Total yield ranged from 2.33 ± 0.03 kg lant (60% FC) to 4.05 ± 0.06 kg lant (control). However, mild water stress (SMC maintaining at 80% FC) showed a positive effect on irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) without significant yield reduction compared to control. IWUE was at its maximum (31.77 ± 0.47 kg/m3) at 80% FC. A DI regime based on 80% FC could be an efficient irrigation strategy particularly in water-limiting condition. Recycled wastewater was superior among the three WQ for achieving a better crop growth, yield and water productivity at same DI level.
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Date: 08-09-2016
DOI: 10.2166/WST.2015.464
Abstract: Increased stormwater runoff and pollutant loads due to catchment urbanisation bring inevitable impacts on the physical and ecological conditions of environmentally sensitive urban streams. Water sensitive urban design (WSUD) has been recognised as a possible means to minimise these negative impacts. This paper reports on a study that investigated the ability of infiltration-based WSUD systems to replicate the predevelopment channel-forming flow (CFF) regime in urban catchments. Catchment models were developed for the ‘pre-urban’, ‘urban’ and ‘managed’ conditions of a case study catchment and the hydrological effect on CFF regime was investigated using a number of flow indices. The results clearly show that changes to flow regime are apparent under urban catchment conditions and are even more severe under highly urbanised conditions. The use of WSUD systems was found to result in the replication of predevelopment flow regimes, particularly at low levels of urbanisation. Under highly urbanised conditions (of managed catchments) overcontrol of the CFF indices was observed as indicated by flow statistics below their pre-urban values. The overall results suggest that WSUD systems are highly effective in replicating the predevelopment CFF regime in urban streams and could be used as a means to protect environmentally sensitive urban streams.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc.
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2012
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-01-2020
DOI: 10.3390/W12020375
Abstract: The contribution of this paper is a comparison of the installation cost of a conventional drainage system consisting of a network of pits and pipes, with that of a hybrid drainage system comprising a network of pits and pipes, supported by allotment scale infiltration measures in a modern greenfield residential development. The case study site is located in Pipers Crest, near Strathalbyn, South Australia. This as-built site consists of 56 allotments, 42 pits (hence 42 sub-catchments), one detention basin and over 1000 m of drainage pipes. In this study, conventional and hybrid (combination of conventional and Water Sensitive Urban Design, WSUD systems) drainage systems were designed to convey minor storm events of 10% annual exceedance probability (AEP), and checked for major storm events of 5% AEP, using the DRAINS model and/or source control principles. The installation costs of the conventional and hybrid drainage systems were estimated and compared based upon cost estimates derived from Australian literature. The results of the study indicate that satisfactory drainage was possible using the conventional or hybrid system when the two systems were designed to have outflow not exceeding the pre-developed flow. The hybrid drainage system requires smaller pipe sizes compared to the conventional system. Also, the size of the detention basin and maximum outflow rate of the hybrid system were smaller than those for the conventionally drained site. The installation cost of the hybrid drainage system was 18% less than that of the conventional drainage system when the objective was to accommodate 10% and 5% AEP storms.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-10-2012
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-07-2023
DOI: 10.3390/LAND12071396
Abstract: Soil erosion and sediment transport have significant consequences, including decreased agricultural production, water quality degradation, and modification to stream channels. Understanding these processes and their interactions with contributing factors is crucial for assessing the environmental impacts of erosion. The primary objective of this review is to identify a suitable soil erosion and sediment transport model for catchment-scale application. The study considers various model selection processes, including model capability and the spatial and temporal domains for assessing spatiotemporal distributions. The review acknowledges the limitations, uncertainties, and unrealistic assumptions associated with soil erosion and sediment transport models. Models are usually developed with a particular objective, which demands an assessment of capabilities, spatial, and temporal applicability, and catchment-scale applicability. Distributed models are often preferred for catchment-scale applications, as they can adequately account for spatial variations in erosion potential and sediment yield, aiding in the evaluation of erosion-contributing elements and planning erosion control measures. Based on the findings of this study, the authors encourage utilizing models (such as Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) or Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment Tool (AGWA)) that can forecast net erosion as a function of sediment output for catchment erosion and sediment yield modeling. This review helps researchers and practitioners involved in erosion and sediment modeling by guiding the selection of an appropriate model type based on specific modeling purposes and basin scale. By choosing appropriate models, the accuracy and effectiveness of sediment yield estimation and erosion control measures can be improved.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-06-2023
DOI: 10.3390/HYDROLOGY10060131
Abstract: In the field of hydrology, event-based models are commonly used for flood-flow prediction in catchments, for use in flood forecasting, flood risk assessment, and infrastructure design. The models are simplistic, as they do not consider longer-term catchment processes such as evaporation and transpiration. This paper examines the relative performance of two widely used models, the American HEC-HMS model, the Australian RORB model, and a newer model, the RRR model. The evaluation is conducted on four case study catchments in Australia. The first two models, HEC-HMS and RORB, do not include baseflow, necessitating the estimation of baseflow through alternate means. By contrast, the RRR model includes baseflow, by extracting a separate loss from the rainfall, and then routing the resultant flow through the catchment, much like quickflow, but with a longer delay time. The models are calibrated and then verified with weighted mean parameter values on an independent set of events in each case study catchment. This gives an indication of the ability of the models to correctly predict flow, which is important when the models are used with design rainfalls to predict design flows. The results demonstrate that all models perform adequately on the four examined catchments, but the RRR model exhibits superior calibration, and, to a lesser extent, better validation compared to the other two models.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 15-11-2013
DOI: 10.5194/HESS-17-4541-2013
Abstract: Abstract. Accurate estimation of hydrological losses is required for making vital decisions in design applications that are based on design rainfall models and rainfall–runoff models. The use of representative single values of hydrological losses, despite their wide variability, is common practice, especially in Australian studies. This practice leads to issues such as over or under estimation of design floods. The probability distribution method is potentially a better technique to describe losses. However, a lack of understanding of how losses are distributed can limit the use of this technique. This paper aims to identify a probability distribution function that can successfully describe hydrological losses of a catchment of interest. The paper explains the systematic process of identifying probability distribution functions, the problems faced during the distribution fitting process and a new generalised method to test the adequacy of fitted distributions. The goodness-of-fit of the fitted distributions are examined using the Anderson–Darling test and the Q–Q plot method and the errors associated with quantile estimation are quantified by estimating the bias and mean square error (MSE). A two-parameter gamma distribution was identified as one that successfully describes initial loss (IL) data for the selected catchments. Further, non-parametric standardised distributions that describe both IL and continuing loss data are also identified. This paper will provide a significant contribution to the Australian Rainfall and Runoff (ARR) guidelines that are currently being updated, by improving understanding of hydrological losses in South Australian catchments. More importantly, this study provides new knowledge on how IL in a catchment is characterised.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2008
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-12-2022
DOI: 10.3390/SU142316270
Abstract: In the near future, natural disasters and associated risks are expected to increase, mainly because of the impact of climate change. Australia is considered one of the most vulnerable areas for natural disasters, including flooding. Therefore, an evaluation of the morphometric characteristics of the Onkaparinga basin in South Australia was undertaken using the integration of remote sensing and geospatial techniques to identify its impact on flash floods. The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and Landsat images with other available geologic, topographic, and secondary data were analysed in geographic information system (GIS) to outline the drainage basins, estimate the morphometric parameters, and rank the parameters to demarcate the flash flood susceptibility zones of the basin. The main goal was to develop a flash flood susceptibility map showing the different hazard zones within the study areas. The results showed that 10.87%, 24.27%, and 64.85% are classified as low, moderate, and highly susceptible for flooding, respectively. These findings were then verified against secondary data relating to the historic flood events of the area. About 30.77% of the historical floods are found located within the high to extremely susceptible zones. Moreover, a significant correlation has been found between the high precipitation concentration index (PCI) and the irregular rainfall and high potential for flooding. Finally, the social and economic vulnerability was applied to determine the impact of the flood hazards. The result indicates a widespread threat to the economy, environment, and community in the study area. This study can be utilized to support and assist decision makers with planning and the devotion of alleviation measures to reducing and avoiding catastrophic flooding events, especially in highly susceptible areas in the world, such as South Australian basins.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21227525
Abstract: Nitrification is a common issue observed in chloraminated drinking water distribution systems, resulting in the undesirable loss of monochloramine (NH2Cl) residual. The decay of monochloramine releases ammonia (NH3), which is converted to nitrite (NO2−) and nitrate (NO3−) through a biological oxidation process. During the course of monochloramine decay and the production of nitrite and nitrate, the spectral fingerprint is observed to change within the wavelength region sensitive to these species. In addition, chloraminated drinking water will contain natural organic matter (NOM), which also has a spectral fingerprint. To assess the nitrification status, the combined nitrate and nitrite absorbance fingerprint was isolated from the total spectra. A novel method is proposed here to isolate their spectra and estimate their combined concentration. The spectral fingerprint of pure monochloramine solution at different concentrations indicated that the absorbance difference between two concentrations at a specific wavelength can be related to other wavelengths by a linear function. It is assumed that the absorbance reduction in drinking water spectra due to monochloramine decay will follow a similar pattern as in ultrapure water. Based on this criteria, combined nitrate and nitrite spectra were isolated from the total spectrum. A machine learning model was developed using the support vector regression (SVR) algorithm to relate the spectral features of pure nitrate and nitrite with their concentrations. The model was used to predict the combined nitrate and nitrite concentration for a number of test s les. Out of these s les, the nitrified s le showed an increasing trend of combined nitrate and nitrite productions. The predicted values were matched with the observed concentrations, and the level of precision by the method was ± 0.01 mg-N L−1. This method can be implemented in chloraminated distribution systems to monitor and manage nitrification.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-10-2021
DOI: 10.3390/W13202890
Abstract: Calibration of a water distribution system (WDS) hydraulic model requires adjusting several parameters including hourly or sub-hourly demand multipliers, pipe roughness and settings of various hydraulic components. The water usage patterns or demand patterns in a 24-h cycle varies with the customer types and can be related to many factors including spatial and temporal factors. The demand patterns can also vary on a daily basis. For an extended period of hydraulic simulation, the modelling tools allows modelling of the variable demand patterns using daily multiplication factors. In this study, a linear modelling approach was used to handle the variable demand patterns. The parameters of the linear model allow modelling of the variable demand patterns with respect to the baseline values, and they were optimised to maximise the association with the observed data. This procedure was applied to calibrate the hydraulic model developed in EPANET of a large drinking water distribution system in regional South Australia. Local and global optimisation techniques were used to find the optimal values of the linear modelling parameters. The result suggests that the approach has the potential to model the variable demand patterns in a WDS hydraulic model and it improves the objective function of calibration.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-04-2022
DOI: 10.3390/W14081313
Abstract: Quantifying hydrological losses in a catchment is crucial for developing an effective flood forecasting system and estimating design floods. This can be a complicated and challenging task when the catchment is urbanised as the interaction of pervious and impervious (both directly connected and indirectly connected) areas makes responses to rainfall hard to predict. This paper presents the challenges faced in estimating initial losses (IL) and proportional losses (PL) of the partly urbanised Brownhill Creek catchment in South Australia. The loss components were calculated for 57 runoff generating rainfall events using the non-parametric IL-PL method and parametric method based on two runoff routing models, Runoff Routing Burroughs (RORB) and Rainfall-Runoff Routing (RRR). The analysis showed that the RORB model provided the most representative median IL and PL for the rural portion of the study area as 9 mm and 0.81, respectively. However, none of the methods can provide a reliable loss value for the urban portion because there is no runoff contribution from unconnected areas for each event. However, the estimated non-parametric IL of 1.37 mm can be considered as IL of EIA of the urban portion. Several challenges were identified in the loss estimation process, mainly when selecting appropriate storm events, collecting data with the available temporal resolution, extracting baseflow, and determining the main-stream transmission losses, which reduced the urban flow by 5.7%. The effect of hydrograph shape in non-parametric loss estimation and how combined runoff from the effective impervious area and unconnected (combined indirectly connected impervious and pervious) areas affects the loss estimation process using the RORB and RRR models are further discussed. We also demonstrate the importance of identifying the catchment specific conditions appropriately when quantifying baseflow and runoff of selected events for loss estimation.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-01-2021
Publisher: WIT Press
Date: 11-12-2012
DOI: 10.2495/SI120171
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
Date: 16-05-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-12-2021
DOI: 10.3390/W14010014
Abstract: The conveyance of stormwater has become a major concern for urban planners, considering its harmful effects for receiving water bodies, potentially disturbing their ecosystem. Therefore, it is important to characterize the quality of catchment outflows. This information can assist in planning for appropriate mitigation measures to reduce stormwater runoff discharge from the catchment. To achieve this aim, the article reports the field data from a typical urban catchment in Australia. The pollutant concentration from laboratory testing is then compared against national and international reported values. In addition, a stochastic catchment model was prepared using MUSIC. The study in particular reported on the techniques to model distributed curbside leaky wells with appropriate level of aggregation. The model informed regarding the efficacy of distributed curbside leaky well systems to improve the stormwater quality. The results indicated that catchment generated pollutant load, which is typical of Australian residential catchments. The use of distributed storages only marginally improves the quality of catchment outflows. It is because ability of distributed leaky wells depended on the intercepted runoff volume which is dependent on the hydrological storage volume of each device. Therefore, limited storage volume of current systems resulted in higher contributing area to storage ratio. This manifested in marginal intercepted volume, thereby only minimum reduction in pollutant transport from the catchment to outlet. Considering strong correlation between contributing impervious area and runoff pollutant generation, the study raised the concern that in lieu of following the policy of infill development, there can be potential increase in pollutant concentration in runoff outflows from Australian residential catchments. It is recommended to monitor stormwater quality from more residential catchments in their present conditions. This will assist in informed decision-making regarding adopting mitigations measures before considering developments.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-11-2016
DOI: 10.3390/W8110511
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Date: 10-2012
DOI: 10.2166/WS.2012.060
Abstract: Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) and Low Impact Development (LID) principles were investigated in Dhaka's drainage network using ‘Regime in Balance’ strategy for Average Recurrence Interval (ARI), Y = 100 years. Three feasible alternatives, such as, leaky-well, soak-away and infiltration trench were identified and designed to improve Dhaka's present unsatisfactory stormwater drainage system into one which is sustainable. For selecting the best one, we applied a multi-criteria decision analysis approach and chose the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. Eleven criteria under three categories (technical, economic and social) were considered to quantify relative priorities of alternatives. Pair-wise comparisons of alternatives were performed against each criterion and ranked using a scale from 0 to 9. During the process of applying AHP model, consistency of ranking was thoroughly checked and a reasonable level of inconsistency was accepted due to the nature of human judgement. After the analysis, it was found that leaky-well (percentage priority 43%) followed by soak-away (38%) was the most appropriate technology for improving urban stormwater management system in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The proposed model can also be used in better selecting WSUD and LID technologies in other geographic locations.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.WATRES.2022.118273
Abstract: Distributed infiltration systems can benefit downstream water bodies by reducing the runoff flowrate and volume discharges from the catchment. Investigating their runoff flowrate and volume reduction potential at the catchment scale will inform decision makers regarding their efficacy for managing catchment outflows. To this end, we conducted field investigations at the residential catchment scale for three years. The study monitored the catchment for one year before the installation of leaky well systems (preinstallation) and two years after installation (postinstallation). The hydrological model, calibrated to preinstallation catchment outflows, acted as a virtual control tool. Runoff flow outputs from the control model and two years of monitored runoff flow data from the postinstallation period were analysed using statistical methods. The statistical tests showed a significant 13% reduction in average flowrates in storms with a corresponding runoff flowrate of up to 50 L/s. The study further reported the ability of infiltration systems to reduce runoff volume in the catchment by 9%. This reduction was not significant, however, as per the results of the statistical analysis. We then fitted the generalized linear model (GLM) to the monitored and simulated runoff volume data. This enabled us to break down the effect of curbside infiltration systems on runoff volume according to corresponding peak flowrates during the storm. The results of the two-way ANOVA performed to detect significant differences in the regression slopes of the GLM indicated that curbside infiltration systems significantly reduced runoff volume for storms when the runoff flowrates remained below 100 L/s.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 06-2007
DOI: 10.1029/2006WR004913
Location: Ireland
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