ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0264-0717
Current Organisations
University of Tasmania
,
University of the Witwatersrand
,
KAAH Geoservices
,
University of Western Australia
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-06-2020
DOI: 10.3390/E22060656
Abstract: Hydrothermal processes modify the chemical and mineralogical composition of rock. We studied and quantified the effects of hydrothermal processes on the composition of volcanic rocks by a novel application of the Shannon entropy, which is a measure of uncertainty and commonly applied in information theory. We show here that the Shannon entropies calculated on major elemental chemical composition data and short-wave infrared (SWIR) reflectance spectra of hydrothermally altered rocks are lower than unaltered rocks with a comparable primary composition. The lowering of the Shannon entropy indicates chemical and spectral sorting during hydrothermal alteration of rocks. The hydrothermal processes described in this study present a natural mechanism for transforming energy from heat to increased order in rock. The increased order is manifest as the increased sorting of chemical elements and SWIR absorption features of the rock, and can be measured and quantified by the Shannon entropy. The results are useful for the study of hydrothermal mineral deposits, early life environments and the effects of hydrothermal processes on rocks.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF00206865
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Date: 09-2012
Abstract: Inrushes of ground water and the ignition of flammable gases pose risks to workers in deep South African gold mines. Large volumes of water may be stored in solution cavities in dolomitic rocks that overlie the Black Reef (BLR) Formation, while there are several possible sources for methane, namely, coal seams, kerogen found in some gold ore bodies, or methane introduced by igneous intrusions. Potential conduits that may transport water and methane to underground workings were mapped using 3D reflection seismic data. Edge detection attributes successfully identified many faults, some with displacements as small as 10 m. Faults that displace the Ventersdorp Contact Reef (VCR) and the BLR horizons were of special interest, as known occurrences of fissure water and methane in underground workings show a good correlation with faults that were imaged on the VCR and BLR horizons. Because there are uncertainties in determining the linkage of faults with aquifers and methane sources, it is considered prudent to assume that all structures that displace the VCR and BLR horizons are potential conduits.
Publisher: Society of Exploration Geophysicists
Date: 09-2012
Abstract: As expensive as 3D seismic reflection surveys are, their high cost is justified by improved imaging of certain ore horizons in some of the Witwatersrand basin gold mines. The merged historical 3D seismic reflection data acquired for Kloof and South Deep mines forms an integral part of their Ventersdorp Contact Reef mine planning and development programme. The recent advances in 3D seismic technology have motivated the reprocessing and reinterpretation of the old data sets using the latest algorithms, therefore significantly increasing the signal-to-noise ratio of the data. In particular, the prestack time migration technique has provided better stratigraphic and structural imaging in complex faulted areas, such as the Witwatersrand basin, relative to older poststack migration methods. Interpretation tools such as seismic attributes have been used to identify a number of subtle geologic structures that have direct impact on ore resource evaluation. Other improvements include more accurate mapping of the depths, dip, and strike of the key seismic horizons and auriferous reefs, yielding a better understanding of the interrelationship between fault activity and reef distribution, and the relative chronology of tectonic events. The 3D seismic data, when integrated with underground mapping and borehole data, provide better imaging and modeling of critical major fault systems and zones of reef loss. Many faults resolve as multifault segments that bound unmined blocks leading to the discovery and delineation of resources in faulted areas of the mines.
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2007
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Geological Society of South Africa
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-05-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
No related grants have been discovered for Kim Hein.