ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4064-978X
Current Organisations
Darman Yab Darou
,
Deakin University School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
,
Deakin University
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Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2019
Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of mortality and disease burden. Preventative interventions to augment the population-level adoption of health lifestyle behaviours that reduce CVD risk are a priority. Face-to-face interventions afford in idualisation and are effective for improving health-related behaviours and outcomes, but they are costly and resource intensive. Electronic and mobile health (e- and mHealth) approaches aimed at modifying lifestyle risk factors may be an effective and scalable approach to reach many in iduals while preserving in idualisation. This systematic review aims to (a) determine the effectiveness of multifactorial e- and mHealth interventions on CVD risk and on lifestyle-related cardiometabolic risk factors and self-management behaviours among adults without CVD and (b) describe the evidence on adverse events and on the cost-effectiveness of these interventions. Methods were detailed prior to the start of the review in order to improve conduct and prevent inconsistent decision making throughout the review. This protocol was prepared following the PRISMA-P 2015 statement. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Public Health Group Specialised Register and CENTRAL electronic databases will be searched between 1991 and September 2019. Eligibility criteria are: (a) population: community-dwelling adults (b) intervention/comparison: randomised controlled trials comparing e- or mHealth CVD risk preventative interventions with usual care and (c) outcomes: modifiable CVD risk factors. Selection of study reports will involve two authors independently screening titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review of potentially eligible reports. Two authors will independently undertake data extraction and assess risk of bias. Where appropriate, meta-analysis of outcome data will be performed. This protocol describes the pre-specified methods for a systematic review that will provide quantitative and narrative syntheses of current multifactorial e- and mHealth CVD preventative interventions. A systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted following the methods outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and reported according to PRISMA guidelines.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 13-09-2021
DOI: 10.2196/26315
Abstract: Traditional psychological theories are inadequate to fully leverage the potential of smartphones and improve the effectiveness of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) change interventions. Future interventions need to consider dynamic models taken from other disciplines, such as engineering (eg, control systems). The extent to which such dynamic models have been incorporated in the development of interventions for PA and SB remains unclear. This review aims to quantify the number of studies that have used dynamic models to develop smartphone-based interventions to promote PA and reduce SB, describe their features, and evaluate their effectiveness where possible. Databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched from inception to May 15, 2019, using terms related to mobile health, dynamic models, SB, and PA. The included studies involved the following: PA or SB interventions involving human adults either developed or evaluated integrated psychological theory with dynamic theories used smartphones for the intervention delivery the interventions were adaptive or just-in-time adaptive included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), pilot RCTs, quasi-experimental, and pre-post study designs and were published from 2000 onward. Outcomes included general characteristics, dynamic models, theory or construct integration, and measured SB and PA behaviors. Data were synthesized narratively. There was limited scope for meta-analysis because of the variability in the study results. A total of 1087 publications were screened, with 11 publications describing 8 studies included in the review. All studies targeted PA 4 also included SB. Social cognitive theory was the major psychological theory upon which the studies were based. Behavioral intervention technology, control systems, computational agent model, exploit-explore strategy, behavioral analytic algorithm, and dynamic decision network were the dynamic models used in the included studies. The effectiveness of quasi-experimental studies involved reduced SB (1 study P=.08), increased light PA (1 study P=.002), walking steps (2 studies P=.06 and P .001), walking time (1 study P=.02), moderate-to-vigorous PA (2 studies P=.08 and P=.81), and nonwalking exercise time (1 study P=.31). RCT studies showed increased walking steps (1 study P=.003) and walking time (1 study P=.06). To measure activity, 5 studies used built-in smartphone sensors (ie, accelerometers), 3 of which used the phone’s GPS, and 3 studies used wearable activity trackers. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to report on smartphone-based studies to reduce SB and promote PA with a focus on integrated dynamic models. These findings highlight the scarcity of dynamic model–based smartphone studies to reduce SB or promote PA. The limited number of studies that incorporate these models shows promising findings. Future research is required to assess the effectiveness of dynamic models in promoting PA and reducing SB. International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42020139350 www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=139350.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 27-07-2022
Abstract: educing sedentary behaviour (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with various positive health benefits. Just-in-time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) offer potential to target both these behaviours via more contextually aware, tailored, and personalised support. We have developed a JITAI intervention to promote sitting less and moving more in people with T2D. his paper presents the study protocol for a micro-randomised trial (MRT) to investigate whether motivational messages are effective in reducing time spent sitting in people with T2D, and to determine what behaviour change techniques are effective and in which context (e.g., location, etc.). six-week MRT design will be used. Twenty-two adults with T2D will be recruited. The intervention aims to reduce sitting time and increase time spent standing and walking, and comprises a mobile app (iMove), and a bespoke activity sensor (SORD), a messaging system and a secured database. Dependant on the randomisation sequence, participants will potentially receive motivational messages five times a day. ecruitment was initiated in October 2022. As of now, six participants (2 females and 4 males) have consented and enrolled in the study. Their baseline measurements have been completed and they have started using iMOVE. The mean age of six participants is 56.8 years and they were diagnosed with T2D for 9.4 years on average. he current study will inform the optimisation of digital behaviour change interventions to support people with T2D sit less and move more to increase daily PA. This study will generate new evidence about the immediate effectiveness of SB interventions, their active ingredients and associated factors. ustralian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12622000426785) anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=383664
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 09-03-2023
DOI: 10.2196/47157
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 02-05-2022
Abstract: High blood pressure (BP) is the commonest modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, yet its monitoring remains problematic. Wearable cuffless BP devices offer potential solutions however, little is known about their validity and utility. We aimed to systematically review the validity, features and clinical use of wearable cuffless BP devices. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, IEEE Xplore and the Cochrane Database till December 2019 for studies that reported validating cuffless BP devices. We extracted information about study characteristics, device features, validation processes, and clinical applications. Devices were classified according to their functions and features. We defined devices with a mean systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) biases of & mmHg as valid as a consensus. Our definition of validity did not include assessment of device measurement precision, which is assessed by standard deviation of the mean difference—a critical component of ISO protocol validation criteria. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies version 2 tool. A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to summarise the mean biases for SBP and DBP across studies. Of the 430 studies identified, 16 studies (15 devices, 974 participants) were selected. The majority of devices (81.3%) used photoplethysmography to estimate BP against a reference device other technologies included tonometry, auscultation and electrocardiogram. In addition to BP and heart rate, some devices also measured night-time BP (n = 5), sleep monitoring (n = 3), oxygen saturation (n = 3), temperature (n = 2) and electrocardiogram (n = 3). Eight devices showed mean biases of & mmHg for SBP and DBP compared with a reference device and three devices were commercially available. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the wearable and reference devices for SBP (pooled mean difference = 3.42 mmHg, 95% CI: −2.17, 9.01, I2 95.4%) and DBP (pooled mean = 1.16 mmHg, 95% CI: −1.26, 3.58, I2 87.1%). Several cuffless BP devices are currently available using different technologies, offering the potential for continuous BP monitoring. The variation in standards and validation protocols limited the comparability of findings across studies and the identification of the most accurate device. Challenges such as validation using standard protocols and in real-life settings must be overcome before they can be recommended for uptake into clinical practice.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/ELECTRONICS11193011
Abstract: Breaking up prolonged sitting with short bouts of light physical activity including standing and walking has been shown to be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This paper presents the development of an android mobile app to deliver a just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) to reduce sedentary time in people with T2D. A total of six design workshops were conducted with seven experts to identify design requirements, a behavioural framework, and required contextual adaptations for the development of a bespoke mobile app (iMOVE). Moreover, a focus group was conducted among people with T2D as potential end-users (N = 10) to ascertain their perceptions of the app. Feedback from the focus group was used in subsequent iterations of the iMOVE app. Data were analysed using an inductive qualitative thematic analysis. Based on workshops, key features of iMOVE were developed, including simplicity (e.g., navigation, login), colours and font sizes, push notifications, messaging algorithms, and a triggering system for breaking up sitting time and moving more. Based on the user testing results, a goal-setting tab was added, font sizes were made larger, the brightness of colours was reduced, and a colour indicator was used to indicate device connectivity with an activity tracker. A user-centric app was developed to support people with T2D to transition from sedentary to active lifestyles.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-10-2017
DOI: 10.1002/HPM.2464
Abstract: Informal patients' payments (IPPs) is a sensitive subject. The aim of current study was to assess the trends in informal payment studies and explore methods of IPPs measurement, prevalence, and features (payment type, volume, and receiver) in various contexts. A search strategy was developed to identify peer-reviewed articles addressing informal payments on PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL. A total of 1252 studies were identified initially. After screening process, 38 studies were included in the systematic review. The selected studies were appraised, and findings were synthesized. Among selected studies, quantitative approaches were mostly used for measuring IPPs from general public and patients' perspective, and qualitative methods mainly targeted health care providers. Reported IPP prevalence in selected articles ranges between 2% and 80%, more prevalent in the inpatient sector than in outpatient. There are a number of strategies for the measurement of IPPs with different strengths and weaknesses. Most applied strategies for general public were quantitative surveys recruiting more than 1000 participants using a face-to-face structured interview, and then qualitative studies on less than 150 health care providers, with focus group discussion. This review provides a comprehensive picture of current informal patients' payments measurement tools, which helps researchers in future investigations.
Publisher: Korean Society of Clinical Nutrition
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 07-04-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.04.05.22273415
Abstract: The current study was informed by the belief basis of Ajzen’s (1991) Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to identify the important behavioral (advantages and disadvantages), normative (important referents) and control (barriers and facilitators) beliefs associated with the key recommended prevention and management behaviors for adults in Iran diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 115 adults diagnosed with T2D completed a questionnaire examining behavioral, normative and control beliefs and intention in relation to the three diabetes management behaviors including low fat food consumption, carbohydrate counting and physical activity. For each behavior, intention was considered as dependent variable beliefs were independent variables. Analyses involved three multivariate one-way analysis of variance (MANOVAs). The findings for carbohydrate counting and physical activity suggested behavioral and control beliefs as differentiating high from low intenders to perform the behavior. For carbohydrate counting, behavioral beliefs such as weight control, improving one’s health, feeling good and controlling diabetic complications differed significantly between low and high intenders. For physical activity, feeling good, controlling blood sugar and tiredness were among behavioral beliefs differentiating low and high intenders. Medical advice from professionals and greater knowledge were identified as facilitators of carbohydrate counting. High costs were identified as a key barrier preventing in iduals from engaging in physical activity. Spouse was the single significant referent influencing carbohydrate counting. Identifying the underlying beliefs of key diabetes management behaviors can assist in the design of tailored educational interventions for in iduals with T2D.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 09-03-2023
Abstract: espite their popularity, many existing physical activity devices do not provide real-time data to measure sedentary and standing time, therefore they cannot be used for just-in-time adaptive interventions to interrupt prolonged sitting. his study assessed the criterion and convergent validity of a Bluetooth-enabled prototype activity tracker called Sedentary behaviOR Detector (SORD) that will be used for real-time and adaptive interventions. ifteen healthy adults wore SORD and activPAL devices on their thighs while engaging in activities (lying, reclining, sitting, standing, and walking). Direct observation was facilitated with cameras. Algorithms were constructed using Python Programming Language. The Bland-Altman method was used to assess the level of agreement. ne model generated a low level of bias and high precision for SORD. In this model, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were all above 0.95 for detecting sitting+ reclining, standing and walking. Bland-Altman results showed that mean biases between SORD and direct observation were 0.3% for sitting+reclining (LoA = -0.3% to 0.9%), 1.19% for standing (LoA = -1.05% to 3.42%), and -4.71% for walking (LoA = -9.26% to -0.16%). Mean biases between SORD and activPAL were -3.45% for sitting+reclining (LoA = -11.59 % to 4.68%), 7.45% for standing (LoA = -5.04% to 19.95%) and -5.40% for walking (LoA = -11.44% to 0.64%). esults indicate that SORD is a valid device to facilitate future just-in-time adaptive interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 07-12-2020
Abstract: raditional psychological theories are inadequate to fully leverage the potential of smartphones and improve the effectiveness of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) change interventions. Future interventions need to consider dynamic models taken from other disciplines, such as engineering (eg, control systems). The extent to which such dynamic models have been incorporated in the development of interventions for PA and SB remains unclear. his review aims to quantify the number of studies that have used dynamic models to develop smartphone-based interventions to promote PA and reduce SB, describe their features, and evaluate their effectiveness where possible. atabases including PubMed, PsycINFO, IEEE Xplore, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched from inception to May 15, 2019, using terms related to mobile health, dynamic models, SB, and PA. The included studies involved the following: PA or SB interventions involving human adults either developed or evaluated integrated psychological theory with dynamic theories used smartphones for the intervention delivery the interventions were adaptive or just-in-time adaptive included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), pilot RCTs, quasi-experimental, and pre-post study designs and were published from 2000 onward. Outcomes included general characteristics, dynamic models, theory or construct integration, and measured SB and PA behaviors. Data were synthesized narratively. There was limited scope for meta-analysis because of the variability in the study results. total of 1087 publications were screened, with 11 publications describing 8 studies included in the review. All studies targeted PA 4 also included SB. Social cognitive theory was the major psychological theory upon which the studies were based. Behavioral intervention technology, control systems, computational agent model, exploit-explore strategy, behavioral analytic algorithm, and dynamic decision network were the dynamic models used in the included studies. The effectiveness of quasi-experimental studies involved reduced SB (1 study i P /i =.08), increased light PA (1 study i P /i =.002), walking steps (2 studies i P /i =.06 and i P /i & .001), walking time (1 study i P /i =.02), moderate-to-vigorous PA (2 studies i P /i =.08 and i P /i =.81), and nonwalking exercise time (1 study i P /i =.31). RCT studies showed increased walking steps (1 study i P /i =.003) and walking time (1 study i P /i =.06). To measure activity, 5 studies used built-in smartphone sensors (ie, accelerometers), 3 of which used the phone’s GPS, and 3 studies used wearable activity trackers. o our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to report on smartphone-based studies to reduce SB and promote PA with a focus on integrated dynamic models. These findings highlight the scarcity of dynamic model–based smartphone studies to reduce SB or promote PA. The limited number of studies that incorporate these models shows promising findings. Future research is required to assess the effectiveness of dynamic models in promoting PA and reducing SB. nternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42020139350 www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=139350.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 06-09-2023
DOI: 10.2196/41502
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 05-02-2021
DOI: 10.1111/IJCP.13994
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-06-2021
DOI: 10.1002/PTR.6990
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of Nigella sativa oil extract on cardiometabolic risk factors in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A randomized, controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 43 patients with T2D (23 women and 20 men aged 53.5 ± 7.4 years). The intervention group ( N = 23) received two 500‐mg per day soft gel capsules containing Nigella sativa oil extract and the control group ( N = 20) received two identical placebo soft gel capsules containing sunflower oil per day for the same period, 8 weeks. Pre‐ and post‐intervention cardiometabolic risk factors were measured. Compared with the placebo, the N . sativa oil significantly decreased FBS ( p = .03(, HbA1c ( p = .001), total cholesterol ( p = .04), TG ( p = .003), LDL‐c ( p = .001), BMI ( p .001), waist circumference ( p .001), SBP ( p = .001), and DBP ( p = .002). HOMA‐IR ( p = .51) and HDL‐c ( p = .91) did not change significantly following Nigella sativa supplementation. Nigella sativa oil exerted beneficial effects on glycemic control, serum lipid profile, blood pressure, and body weight among people with T2D. Further long‐term trials in the future may help confirm the current therapeutic benefits of Nigella sativa in T2D.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-03-2022
DOI: 10.1111/SMS.14155
Abstract: There is a universal need to increase the number of adults meeting physical activity (PA) recommendations to help improve health. In recent years, electrically assisted bicycles (e-bikes) have emerged as a promising method for supporting people to initiate and maintain physical activity levels. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no meta-analyses conducted to quantify the difference in physiological responses between e-cycling with electrical assistance, e-cycling without assistance, conventional cycling, and walking. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. We identified short-term e-bike studies, which utilized a crossover design comparing physiological outcomes when e-cycling with electrical assistance, e-cycling without electrical assistance, conventional cycling, or walking. Energy expenditure (EE), heart rate (HR), oxygen consumption (VO Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria (N = 239). E-cycling with electrical assistance resulted in a lower energy expenditure (EE) [SMD = -0.46 (-0.98, 0.06), p = 0.08], heart rate (HR) [MD = -11.41 (-17.15, -5.68), p < 0.000, beats per minute], oxygen uptake (VO E-cycling was associated with increased physiological responses that can confer health benefits.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-08-2022
DOI: 10.20944/PREPRINTS202208.0356.V1
Abstract: Breaking up prolonged sitting by short bouts of light physical activities including standing and walking has been shown to be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This paper presents the development of an android mobile app to deliver a just-in-time adaptive intervention (JITAI) to reduce sedentary time in people with T2D. A total of six design workshops were conducted with seven experts to identify design requirements, a behavioural framework, and required contextual adaptations for the development of a bespoke mobile app (iMOVE). Moreover, a focus group was conducted among people with T2D as potential end-users (N=10) to ascertain their perceptions of the app. Feedback from the focus group was used in subsequent iterations of the iMOVE app. Data were analysed using an inductive qualitative thematic analysis. Based on workshops, key features of iMOVE were developed, including simplicity (e.g., navigation, login), colours and font sizes, push notifications, messaging algorithms and a triggering system for breaking up sitting time and moving more. Based on the user testing results, a goal setting tab was added, font sizes were made larger, the brightness of colours was reduced, and a colour indicator was used to indicate device connectivity with an activity tracker. A user-centric app was developed to support people with T2D to transition from sedentary to active lifestyles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CTIM.2017.08.016
Abstract: Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is very high and is currently growing alarmingly. With respect to recent researchers' attention to the potential role of herbal medicine in disease prevention and management, the present meta-analysis review investigates the effectiveness of Nigella sativa (N. sativa), a popular herb, in T2D. Literature search was conducted covering PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Registry of Clinical Trials up to February 2017 to obtain the relevant published intervention studies. Study selection, quality rating and data extraction of studies were investigated by two independent reviewers. Heterogeneity was assessed using I-squared (I Seven trials were included in the meta-analysis of glycemic and serum lipid profile end points. Supplementation with N. sativa significantly improved fasting blood sugar (FBS) [-17.84mg/dl, 95% CI: -21.19 to -14.49, p<0.001], HbA1c [-0.71%, 95% CI: -1.04 to -0.39, p<0.001], total-cholesterol (TC) [WMD: -22.99mg/dl, 95% CI: -32.16 to -13.83, p<0.001] and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) [-22.38mg/dl, 95% CI: -33.60 to -11.15, p<0.001]. The overall effects for triglyceride (TG) [-6.80mg/dl, 95% CI: -33.59 to 19.99, p=0.61] and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) [0.37mg/dl, 95% CI: -1.59 to 2.33, p=0.71] were insignificant. Subgroup analysis revealed significant reduction on TG with N. sativa seed oil [-14.8mg/dl, 95% CI: -23.1 to -6.5, p<0.001], while TG was increased with seed powder [29.4mg/dl, 95% CI: 16.9-42.0, p<0.001]. All measures, but HbA1c, showed no evidence of publication bias. Although, the meta-analysis conducted included a few number of studies, but has shown promising results on the effectiveness of N. sativa on glucose homeostasis and serum lipids. Current findings suggest N. sativa supplementation a suitable choice in managing the complications of T2D, although future researches are necessary.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-08-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-015-5076-4
Abstract: Phthalates may be present in food due to their widespread presence as environmental contaminants or due to migration from food contact materials. Exposure to phthalates is considered to be potentially harmful to human health as well. Therefore, determining the main source of exposure is an important issue. So, the purpose of this study was (1) to measure the release of diethyl phthalate (DEP) in bottled water consumed in common storage conditions specially low temperature and freezing conditions (2) to evaluate the intake of DEP from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottled water and health risk assessment and (3) to assess the contribution of the bottled water to the DEP intake against the tolerable daily intake (TDI) values. DEP migration was investigated in six brands of PET-bottled water under different storage conditions room temperature, refrigerator temperature, freezing conditions (40 °C ,0 °C and -18 °C) and outdoor] at various time intervals by magnetic solid extraction (MSPE) using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Eventually, a health risk assessment was conducted and the margin of exposure (MOE) was calculated. The results indicate that contact time with packaging and storage temperatures caused DEP to be released into water from PET bottles. But, when comprising the DEP concentration with initial level, the results demonstrated that the release of phthalates were not substantial in all storage conditions especially at low temperatures ( children > lactating women > teenagers > adults > pregnant women), but in all target groups, the MOE was much higher than 1000, thus, low risk is implied. Consequently, PET-bottled water is not a major source of human exposure to DEP and from this perspective is safe for consumption.
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Location: Australia
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
No related grants have been discovered for Reza Daryabeygi.