ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5779-0264
Current Organisations
Cohealth
,
Monash University School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
,
Deakin University
,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 29-11-2016
DOI: 10.1093/NAR/GKW1183
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S11136-021-03063-1
Abstract: Loneliness and social isolation are recognised as social problems and denote a significant health burden. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review to explore the health state utility values (HSUVs) associated with loneliness and/or social isolation. Peer-reviewed journals published in English language that reported both HSUVs along with loneliness and/or social isolation scores were identified through five databases. No restrictions were made relating to the population, study design or utility estimation method used. In total, 19 papers were included 12 included a measure of loneliness, four studies included a measure of social isolation and three studies considered both loneliness and social isolation. All studies focused on in iduals with pre-existing health conditions—where the EQ-5D-3L instrument was most frequently used to assess HSUVs. HSUVs ranged from 0.5 to 0.95 in those who reported not being lonely, 0.42 to 0.97 in those who experienced some level of loneliness, 0.3 to 0.87 in those who were socially isolated and 0.63 to 0.94 in those who were not socially isolated. There was significant variation in HSUVs complicated by the presence of co-morbidities, population heterogeneity, variations in methods used to derive utility scores and differences in the measurement of loneliness and/or social isolation. Nevertheless, the lower HSUVs observed should be considered to significantly impact quality of life, though we also note the need for further research to explore the unique impact of loneliness and social isolation on HSUVs that can be used in the future economic evaluations.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-10-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0258620
Abstract: To determine treatment seeking behaviour in those with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the high-income countries. Five databases were searched in November 2019 for quantitative studies that reported OUD treatment seeking behaviour. Data analysis involved determining an overall pooled proportion estimate of treatment seeking behaviour for the two base groups, lifetime treatment and past 12-month or less treatment using the IVhet effect model. Subgroup analysis included heroin OUD, prescription OUD and general OUD. The sensitivity analysis included removal of outliers, separating adults and adolescents and the metaXL sensitivity analysis (studies are excluded if outside the pooled proportion confidence interval of the base case). Systematic review Prospero database registration number [CRD42020159531]. There were 13 quantitative studies included in the systematic review, with all studies being from the United States of America (USA). IVhet models showed that 40% (95% CI: 23%, 58%) and 21% (95% CI: 16%, 26%) sought treatment in their lifetime and past 12 months respectively. Sub-group analysis found that lifetime treatment seeking for prescription OUD, 29% (95% CI: 27%, 31%), was less than for heroin plus combined OUD, 54% (95% CI: 26%, 82%). Most of the pooled results had high heterogeneity statistics except for results of lifetime treatment seeking for prescription OUD and past 12-month treatment seeking for prescription OUD. All included studies in this meta-analysis were from the USA and indicate modest levels of treatment seeking for those with OUD. In particular, this review found that in the USA one in five people with OUD sought OUD treatment in the previous 12 months and two in five people with OUD sought OUD treatment in their lifetime. Further research is urgently required to explore the barriers and facilitators that can improve this low treatment seeking in those with OUD.
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 26-04-2019
Abstract: EGFR cancer mutations display an astonishing tissue-specific asymmetry: in lung cancer, mutations target the intracellular kinase (KD), while in glioblastomas (GBMs), a variety of missense clusters and deletions concentrate at the ectodomain (ECD). Intriguingly, GBM-activating mutations share a paradoxical preference for inhibitors that bind the inactive kinase. By integrating simulations, small-angle X-ray scattering, and GBM models, we demonstrate that ECD mutants converge to a transition state characterized by a cryptic epitope, allosterically coupled to an intermediate kinase, and synergistically blocked by antibodies and inhibitors. Our findings indicate that apparently heterogeneous aberrations remove a similar steric restrain on KD activation. The ersity of structural tricks in ECD mutants to achieve the same conformational state constitutes a potent ex le of molecular mimicry and convergence.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-11-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S12913-021-07212-7
Abstract: Chronic diseases contribute to a significant proportion (71%) of all deaths each year worldwide. Governments and other stakeholders worldwide have taken various actions to tackle the key risk factors contributing to the prevalence and impact of chronic diseases. Private health insurers (PHI) are one key stakeholders, particularly in Australian health system, and their engagement in chronic disease prevention is growing. Therefore, we investigated the impacts of chronic disease prevention interventions implemented by PHI both in Australia and internationally. We searched multiple databases (Business Source Complete, CINAHL, Global Health, Health Business Elite, Medline, PsycINFO, and Scopus) and grey literature for studies/reports published in English until September 2020 using search terms on the impacts of chronic disease prevention interventions delivered by PHIs. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias using a quality assessment tool developed by Effective Public Healthcare Panacea Project. After data extraction, the literature was synthesised thematically based on the types of the interventions reported across studies. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO, CRD42020145644. Of 7789 records, 29 studies were eligible for inclusion. There were predominantly four types of interventions implemented by PHIs: Financial incentives, health coaching, wellness programs, and group medical appointments. Outcome measures across studies were varied, making it challenging to compare the difference between the effectiveness of different intervention types. Most studies reported that the impacts of interventions, such as increase in healthy eating, physical activity, and lower hospital admissions, last for a shorter term if the length of the intervention is shorter. Although it is challenging to conclude which intervention type was the most effective, it appeared that, regardless of the intervention types, PHI interventions of longer duration (at least 2 years) were more beneficial and outcomes were more sustained than those PHI interventions that lasted for a shorter period. Primary source of funding was Geelong Medical and Hospital Benefits Association (GMHBA), an Australian private health insurer.
Location: Australia
Location: Portugal
No related grants have been discovered for Natasha Hall.