ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4578-9952
Current Organisation
Deakin University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-07-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S13047-022-00558-Z
Abstract: There are limited evidence-based treatment options for adolescents with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Flat, flexible footwear have been shown to reduce patellofemoral joint loading and pain in adults with PFP. The efficacy of this intervention in adolescents with PFP is not established. The primary aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of conducting a large-scale randomised controlled trial (RCT) of the effect of flat, flexible school footwear, when compared to traditional school footwear, in adolescents with PFP. The secondary aim is to describe changes in self-reported outcome measures for adolescents with PFP while wearing flat, flexible footwear when compared to traditional school shoes. Twenty-four adolescents with PFP will be recruited from the community. Following baseline assessment, participants will be randomly allocated to receive either (i) flat, flexible school footwear or, (ii) traditional school footwear. Participants will wear the shoe as per school requirements throughout a 12-week intervention period. Feasibility will be assessed with (i) ≥ 75% adherence to allocated shoe wear of their total weekly school wear time, (ii) a recruitment rate of one participant per fortnight, and (iii) a dropout rate of ≤ 20%. Patient reported outcome measures will describe changes in knee pain, function, quality of life and global rating of change at 6 and 12 weeks. Descriptive statistics will be used for the primary outcomes of feasibility. This study will determine the feasibility of conducting a large scale RCT evaluating the effect of flat, flexible school shoes for adolescents with PFP. A full-scale study will guide evidence-based management of adolescent PFP. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry reference: ACTRN12621001525875 , Date registered: 9 th November 2021.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2021.11.037
Abstract: Plyometric exercises are used to prevent and rehabilitate plantarflexor running injuries. To facilitate exercise programming, this study compared plantarflexor musculotendon output during running to plyometric exercises. Experimental study with cross-over. Fourteen trained distance runners performed running, ankle bouncing, A-skips, bounding, and hurdle jumps. Three-dimensional motion capture and force plate data were collected and computational simulations used to calculate gastrocnemius lateralis and soleus musculotendon peak forces, strain, power generation and absorption, and total positive and negative work. Percentage difference and standardised mean differences were used to compare variables between plyometrics and running. Musculotendon units were classified as energy generators or absorbers according to their net mechanical work. Both plantarflexors behaved as net energy generators during running. Plantarflexor peak force and power generation and absorption were lower in the A-skip and ankle bounce compared to running. Soleus behaved as a net energy absorber during hurdle jumps, with greater total negative work (16.5% standardised mean difference 0.92) and higher peak strain (0.3% standardised mean difference 0.28) during hurdle jumps than running. Gastrocnemius lateralis behaved as a net energy absorber during bounding, with greater total negative work (63.8% standardised mean difference 0.81) and peak strain (0.4% standardised mean difference 0.77) during bounding than running. The ankle bounce and A-skip may be appropriate exercises when runners desire lower plantarflexor loads than running. Hurdle jumps elicited high soleus loads but low gastrocnemius lateralis loads, highlighting the disparate function of the plantarflexors. Bounding demanded high plantarflexor musculotendon output and may be suitable when eccentric overload is desired.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 19-09-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0274806
Abstract: To compare the ankle plantar-flexor muscle-tendon mechanical behaviour during barefoot and shod forefoot running. Thirteen highly trained forefoot runners performed five overground steady-state running trials (4.5 ± 0.5 m . s -1 ) while barefoot and shod. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected and used as inputs for musculoskeletal modelling. Muscle-tendon behaviour of the ankle plantar-flexors (soleus medial gastrocnemius and lateral gastrocnemius) were estimated across the stance phase and compared between barefoot and shod running using a two-way multivariate analysis of variance. During barefoot running peak muscle-tendon unit (MTU) power generation was 16.5% (p = 0.01) higher compared to shod running. Total positive MTU work was 18.5% (p = 0.002) higher during barefoot running compared to shod running. The total sum of tendon elastic strain energy was 8% (p = 0.036) greater during barefoot compared to shod running, however the relative contribution of tendon and muscle fibres to muscle-tendon unit positive work was not different between conditions. Barefoot forefoot running demands greater muscle and tendon work than shod forefoot running, but the relative contribution of tendon strain energy to overall muscle-tendon unit work was not greater.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-07-2019
DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2019.1630478
Abstract: The present study aimed to identify movement patterns most related to running performance among highly trained middle-distance runners. Eleven male runners performed overground running trials on an indoor running track, and three-dimensional analyses techniques were used to measure running kinematics and kinetics. Performance was measured as season and personal best time over 1500 m. The average velocity during the running trials was 7.2 ± 0.3 m/s. The average season and personal best 1500 m race times were 3:49.7 ± 0:05.8 and 3:46.0 ± 0:08.3 minutes, respectively. Regression analysis revealed that a smaller range of sagittal-plane hip motion during swing, less thorax flexion at toe-off and a smaller ankle plantarflexion angle at contact accounted for 95.7% (
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-09-2020
DOI: 10.1007/S40279-019-01184-9
Abstract: Concurrent strength and endurance (CSE) training improves distance running performance more than endurance training alone, but the mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are unclear. It has been hypothesised that biomechanical or neuromuscular adaptations are responsible for improvements in running performance however, evidence on this topic has not been synthesised in a review. To evaluate the effect of CSE training on biomechanical and neuromuscular variables in distance runners. Seven electronic databases were searched from inception to November 2018 using key terms related to running and strength training. Studies were included if the following criteria were met: (1) population: 'distance' or 'endurance' runners of any training status (2) intervention: CSE training (3) comparator: running-only control group (4) outcomes: at least one biomechanical or neuromuscular variable and, (5) study design: randomised and non-randomised comparative training studies. Biomechanical and neuromuscular variables of interest included: (1) kinematic, kinetic or electromyography outcome measures captured during running (2) lower body muscle force, strength or power outcome measures and (3) lower body muscle-tendon stiffness outcome measures. Methodological quality and risk of bias for each study were assessed using the PEDro scale. The level of evidence for each variable was categorised according to the quantity and PEDro rating of the included studies. Between-group standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for studies and meta-analyses were performed to identify the pooled effect of CSE training on biomechanical and neuromuscular variables. The search resulted in 1578 potentially relevant articles, of which 25 met the inclusion criteria and were included. There was strong evidence that CSE training significantly increased knee flexion (SMD 0.89 [95% CI 0.48, 1.30], p < 0.001), ankle plantarflexion (SMD 0.74 [95% CI 0.21-1.26], p = 0.006) and squat (SMD 0.63 [95% CI 0.13, 1.12], p = 0.010) strength, but not jump height, more than endurance training alone. Moderate evidence also showed that CSE training significantly increased knee extension strength (SMD 0.69 [95% CI 0.29, 1.09], p < 0.001) more than endurance training alone. There was very limited evidence reporting changes in stride parameters and no studies examined changes in biomechanical and neuromuscular variables during running. Concurrent strength and endurance training improves the force-generating capacity of the ankle plantarflexors, quadriceps, hamstrings and gluteal muscles. These muscles support and propel the centre of mass and accelerate the leg during running, but there is no evidence to suggest these adaptations transfer from strength exercises to running. There is a need for research that investigates changes in biomechanical and neuromuscular variables during running to elucidate the effect of CSE training on run performance in distance runners.
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1667510/V1
Abstract: Background There are limited evidence-based treatment options for adolescents with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Flat, flexible footwear have been shown to reduce patellofemoral joint loading and pain in adults with PFP. The efficacy of this intervention in adolescents with PFP is not established. The primary aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of conducting a large-scale randomised control trial (RCT) of the effect of flat, flexible school footwear, when compared to traditional school footwear, in adolescents with PFP. The secondary aim is to describe changes in self-reported outcome measures for adolescents with PFP while wearing flat, flexible footwear when compared to traditional school shoes. Methods 24 adolescents with PFP will be recruited from the community. Following baseline assessment, participants will be randomly allocated to receive either (i) flat, flexible school footwear or, (ii) traditional school footwear. Participants will wear the shoe as per school requirements throughout a 12-week intervention period. Feasibility will be assessed with (i) ≥75% adherence to allocated shoe wear of their total weekly school wear time, (ii) a recruitment rate of 1 participant per fortnight, and (iii) a dropout rate of ≤ 20%. Patient reported outcome measures will describe changes in knee pain, function, quality of life and global rating of change at 6 and 12 weeks. Descriptive statistics will be used for the primary outcomes of feasibility. Discussion This study will determine the feasibility of conducting a large scale RCT evaluating the effect of flat, flexible school shoes for adolescents with PFP. A full-scale study will guide evidence-based management of adolescent PFP. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry reference: ACTRN12621001525875, Date registered: 9th November 2021, www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12621001525875.aspx
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-04-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S13047-023-00624-0
Abstract: Adolescents are often required to wear footwear that adheres to uniform guidelines at secondary school. There is a paucity of literature on factors influencing school footwear choice and what drives the development of school footwear guidelines. The aims of this study were to describe (i) current school footwear guidelines in secondary schools across Australia, (ii) factors that influence footwear choice in secondary school students and their parents, and (iii) principals, parents, and students’ beliefs on factors which contribute to school footwear guidelines. An online survey was distributed to principals, secondary school students (aged 14–19 years) and their parents across Australia. The survey included questions on current school footwear guidelines, factors influencing footwear choice (for students and parents), participants beliefs on the effect footwear has on musculoskeletal health, current and previous lower limb pain, and beliefs on factors that contribute to school footwear guidelines. Parent and student responses to factors that influence their footwear choice were compared using proportional odds logistic regression. Students and parents’ responses to factors influencing footwear guidelines were compared to principal responses using proportional odds logistic regression. Significance was set at an alpha of 0.05. Eighty principals, 153 parents and 120 secondary school students responded to the survey. 96% (77/80) of principals reported that their schools have set guidelines for school footwear. 88% of principals considered comfort to be important when developing school footwear guidelines. Proportional odds logistics regression showed that parents and students were 3.4 and 4.9 times more likely, respectively, than principals to rate comfort as being important when schools develop footwear guidelines. More than 40% of students reported experiencing musculoskeletal pain, and 70% of these students reported the pain to be exacerbated when in their school shoes. Less than a third of participants considered healthcare recommendations important to the development of footwear guidelines. Nearly all principals that participated in this survey had set guidelines for school footwear. There is a discord between parents, students, and principals on the importance that factors such as comfort, play in the development of school footwear guidelines.
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 10-03-2023
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2592371/V1
Abstract: Background Adolescents are often required to wear footwear that adheres to uniform guidelines at secondary school. There is a paucity of literature on factors influencing school footwear choice and what drives the development of school footwear guidelines. The aims of this study were to describe (i) current school footwear guidelines in secondary schools across Australia, (ii) factors that influence footwear choice in secondary school students and their parents, and (iii) principals, parents, and students’ beliefs on factors which contribute to school footwear guidelines. Methods An online survey was distributed to principals, secondary school students (aged 14–19 years) and their parents across Australia. The survey included questions on current school footwear guidelines, factors influencing footwear choice (for students and parents), participants beliefs on the effect footwear has on musculoskeletal health, current and previous lower limb pain, and beliefs on factors that contribute to school footwear guidelines. Parent and student responses to factors that influence their footwear choice were compared using proportional odds logistic regression. Students and parents’ responses to factors influencing footwear guidelines were compared to principal responses using proportional odds logistic regression. Significance was set at an alpha of 0.05. Results 80 principals, 153 parents and 120 secondary school students responded to the survey. 96% (77/80) of principals reported that their schools have set guidelines for school footwear. 88% of principals considered comfort to be important when developing school footwear guidelines, though parents and students were 3.4 and 4.9 times more likely than principals to rate comfort as having lower importance in the development of guidelines. More than 40% of students reported experiencing musculoskeletal pain, and 70% of these students reported the pain to be exacerbated when in their school shoes. Less than a third of participants considered healthcare recommendations important to the development of footwear guidelines. Conclusions Nearly all principals that participated in this survey had set guidelines for school footwear. There is a discord between parents, students, and principals on the importance that factors such as comfort, play in the development of school footwear guidelines.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-11-2022
DOI: 10.1111/SMS.14092
Abstract: This parallel-group randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of concurrent strength and endurance (CSE) training on running performance, biomechanics, and muscle activity during overground running. Thirty moderately trained distance runners were randomly assigned to 10-week CSE training (n = 15 33.1 ± 7.5 years) or a control group (n = 15 34.2 ± 8.2 years). Participants ran ≥30 km per week and had no experience with strength training. The primary outcome measure was 2-km run time. Secondary outcome measures included lower limb sagittal plane biomechanics and muscle activity during running (3.89 m s
No related grants have been discovered for Danielle Trowell.