ORCID Profile
0000-0003-2297-7931
Current Organisation
University of Tasmania
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-04-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-01-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2007
Publisher: National Inquiry Services Center (NISC)
Date: 07-2008
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2200
DOI: 10.1111/JAM.13530
Abstract: To investigate selected factors of two nonaerated compost teas (NCT) and mechanisms that influence the restriction of several fungal potato pathogens. Two NCTs, made from either commercial compost, (CCT) or vineyard compost (VCT), were tested for their ability to suppress potato pathogens. The VCT was more suppressive than CCT to mycelial growth of Alternaria solani and Rhizoctonia solani isolate 299, but not for R. solani isolate 422. Metagenomic studies of microbial ersity revealed that the CCT had higher fungal and bacterial ersity and richness than the VCT. Use of CCT significantly reduced lesion area of Alternaria alternata on detached leaves, however, a gum adjuvant did not lead to significantly greater control. Scanning microscopy showed that the spatial distribution of microbes from the CCT was altered with gum addition, to resemble what may have been a microbial biofilm. We confirmed that each NCT could suppress the mycelial growth of selected potato pathogens in culture, and CCT reduced A. alternata lesions on detached leaves. Factors including concentration, microbial communities and physio-chemical properties could not be consistently linked to NCT efficacy. This study particularly highlights the application of scanning microscopy to study the interaction between pathogens and putative NCT microbes on foliar surfaces. This adds insight to mechanisms of NCT efficacy, along with physico-chemical and microbial characterization of the teas. This study shows the potential for the use of NCTs as a crop protection tool of low-cost which could be of particular benefit in smallholder agriculture.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-06-2017
DOI: 10.3390/RS9070647
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-03-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 20-02-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-03-2020
DOI: 10.1111/PPA.13166
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 25-04-2003
DOI: 10.1515/HF.2003.035
Abstract: This is the first report of post-harvest wood staining in blackwood ( Acacia melanoxylon R. Br). In Tasmanian sawmills, an orange-brown stain commonly occurs upon cutting fresh blackwood. An investigation of the causal mechanism of stain development was completed using fresh flitches and stockpiled logs. Some fungi and bacteria were isolated from stained and unstained blackwood, but no species was consistently present in stained wood alone. Wood pH did not vary between stained and unstained wood, but there was some evidence of alterations in phenol composition. Blackwood extracts were analysed by HPLC and a minor phenolic compound was detected that was consistently found in stained s les and rarely in unstained. UV spectra indicated that this compound may be a quinone, but mass spectrometry data was inconclusive. Experiments with blackwood extracts showed that addition of oxygen (by means of H 2 O 2 treatment) increased absorbance in the “brown” wavelengths characteristic of stain. This supports the assumption that the stain is an oxidative chemical stain, as it develops quite rapidly from cut surfaces.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2005
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1002/PCA.548
Abstract: The first detailed analysis of the phenolic constituents of the reaction zones (tissue of antimicrobial defence) from the sapwood of a Eucalyptus spp. is presented. Plantation-grown Eucalyptus nitens trees with stem decay resulting from pruning wounds were s led and extracts were prepared from healthy sapwood and from reaction zone tissue. Analysis by HPLC with ESI-MS revealed that a erse range of hydrolysable tannins are present in both healthy sapwood and in reaction zone extracts, including over 30 gallotannins, ellagitannins and phenols. Eight tannins were unequivocally identified, including the gallotannins tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose, tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose and penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose, and the ellagitannins pedunculagin, tellimagrandin I, casuarinin, casuarictin and tellimagrandin II. The phenols gallic acid, ellagic acid and catechin were also identified. The ellagitannins (particularly pedunculagin) are considerably more abundant in the reaction zone than in the healthy sapwood and may contribute to the effectiveness of the reaction zone as an antimicrobial barrier.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2005
DOI: 10.1007/S10886-005-3544-X
Abstract: The effect of heartwood extracts from Acacia mangium (heartrot-susceptible) and A. auriculiformis (heartrot-resistant) was examined on the growth of wood rotting fungi with in vitro assays. A. auriculiformis heartwood extracts had higher antifungal activity than A. mangium. The compounds 3,4',7,8-tetrahydroxyflavanone and teracacidin (the most abundant flavonoids in both species) showed antifungal activity. A. auriculiformis contained higher levels of these flavonoids (3.5- and 43-fold higher, respectively) than A. mangium. This suggests that higher levels of these compounds may contribute to heartrot resistance. Furthermore, both flavonoids had strong 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and laccase inhibition. This suggests that the antifungal mechanism of these compounds may involve inhibition of fungal growth by quenching of free radicals produced by the extracellular fungal enzyme laccase.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-05-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-01-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Date: 03-2005
DOI: 10.1139/X04-190
Abstract: Quantitative information on stem decay in eucalypt plantations grown for solid wood products, with consideration of the effect of site, pruning, and spread of decay with time, is required for the prediction of harvest yield and quality. A trial at three Eucalyptus nitens (Dean & Maiden) Maiden plantations in Tasmania revealed that the effect of time on the number and size of decay columns was substantially greater than the effect of site or of whether trees were pruned or not. Length of decay columns was 3.4-fold greater on average for the trees assessed 5.5 years after pruning than at 1 year. All decay columns in pruned trees were restricted to the knotty core, and the amount of decay-free clearwood increased over time. A controlled wounding trial showed that decay in sapwood was not significantly different in length with site but was mainly determined by the fungal species used. Ongoing research to monitor the spread of decay in pruned plantation-grown E. nitens will be important to enable prediction of the future impact of decay on harvest yields of solid wood products.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2001
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 22-11-2016
Abstract: Defoliation may initiate physiological recovery and chemical defence mechanisms that allow a plant to improve fitness after damage. Such responses may result in changes in plant resource allocation that influence growth and foliar chemistry. In this study, we investigated the nature and stability of the defoliation response of juvenile plants from three ergent populations of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. A partial defoliation treatment that removed all upper crown leaves and the apical buds was applied to plants sourced from eight families from each of three populations representing contrasting chemical resistance to mammalian herbivory. Growth, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content were assessed pre-defoliation and periodically up to 12 weeks post-defoliation. The content of key plant primary and secondary metabolites was assessed pre-defoliation, at 12 weeks post-defoliation in the old foliage (positioned below the point of defoliation) and in the new foliage of the control plants and regrowth (from axillary buds) on the defoliated plants. There were clear treatment impacts on physiological responses, growth and foliar chemical traits, but despite significant constitutive differences in physiology, growth and chemistry the three E. globulus populations did not vary in their response to foliage loss. Distinct physiological responses to defoliation were observed with treatment plants showing significant up-regulation of photosynthetic rate and increased chlorophyll content in the old foliage remaining in the lower crown. There was a significant increase in the concentrations of a number of foliar chemical compounds in the regrowth arising from previously dormant axillary buds compared with new growth derived from apical meristems. There were changes in biomass allocation defoliated plants had increased branching and leaf biomass, with changes in regrowth morphology to increase light capture. This study argues for multiple responses of E. globulus juveniles to defoliation involving apical bud loss, including elevated chemical defences matched with increased growth. From a chemical defence perspective, these responses create an enhanced chemical mosaic to the herbivore, with leaves remaining after partial browsing potentially being more palatable than the regrowth. This study demonstrates the multiple independent strategies plants may use to respond to partial defoliation and emphasizes the dynamic interplay between growth and defence in the recovery response.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1071/AP09008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-11-2015
DOI: 10.1111/MPP.12320
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
Publisher: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2004
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-01-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-10-2018
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 20-01-2012
DOI: 10.1111/AJGW.12011
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 04-02-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-11-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 29-09-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-04-2015
DOI: 10.1093/HMG/DDV128
Publisher: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-04-2013
DOI: 10.1111/PPL.12056
Abstract: This work investigated the importance of the ability of leaf mesophyll cells to control K(+) flux across the plasma membrane as a trait conferring tissue tolerance mechanism in plants grown under saline conditions. Four wheat (Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum) and four barley (Hordeum vulgare) genotypes contrasting in their salinity tolerance were grown under glasshouse conditions. Seven to 10-day-old leaves were excised, and net K(+) and H(+) fluxes were measured from either epidermal or mesophyll cells upon acute 100 mM treatment (mimicking plant failure to restrict Na(+) delivery to the shoot) using non-invasive microelectrode ion flux estimation (the MIFE) system. To enable net ion flux measurements from leaf epidermal cells, removal of epicuticular waxes was trialed with organic solvents. A series of methodological experiments was conducted to test the efficiency of different methods of wax removal, and the impact of experimental procedures on cell viability, in order to optimize the method. A strong positive correlation was found between plants' ability to retain K(+) in salt-treated leaves and their salinity tolerance, in both wheat and especially barley. The observed effects were related to the ionic but not osmotic component of salt stress. Pharmacological experiments have suggested that voltage-gated K(+) -permeable channels mediate K(+) retention in leaf mesophyll upon elevated NaCl levels in the apoplast. It is concluded that MIFE measurements of NaCl-induced K(+) fluxes from leaf mesophyll may be used as an efficient screening tool for breeding in cereals for salinity tissue tolerance.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-09-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-05-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-09-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-12-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S11033-019-05225-4
Abstract: Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of wheat powdery mildew disease, can occur at all stages of the crop and constantly threatens wheat production. To identify candidate resistance genes for powdery mildew, we performed GWAS (genome-wide association studies) on a total set of 329 wheat varieties obtained from different origins. These wheat materials were genotyped using wheat 90K SNP array and evaluated for their resistance in either field or glasshouse condition from 2016 to 2018. Using a mixed linear model, 33 SNP markers of which 14 QTL (quantitative trait loci) were later defined were observed to associate with powdery mildew resistance. Among these, QTL on chromosome 3A, 3B, 6D and 7D were concluded as potentially new QTL. Exploration of candidate genes for new QTL suggested roles of these genes involved in encoding disease resistance and defence-related proteins, and regulating early immune response to the pathogen. Overall, the results reveal that GWAS can be an effective means of identifying marker-trait associations, though further functional validation and fine-mapping of gene candidates are required before creating opportunities for developing new resistant genotypes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2000
No related grants have been discovered for Kara May Barry.