ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0848-2724
Current Organisation
Deakin University
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 19-04-2018
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.9040
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2013.02.020
Abstract: Children's food preferences influence their food intakes, which then have important effects on their health status. Presently little is understood about the aetiology of children's food preferences within families. Parental beliefs are important in many domains of socialisation although their role in the development of children's food preferences has seldom been investigated. Parents of 2-5 year old children participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews, which were analysed with content analysis. The parents either had children with healthy food preferences (i.e. closely aligned with dietary guidelines) (N=20), unhealthy food preferences (i.e. not closely aligned with dietary guidelines) (N=18), or high levels of food neophobia (N=19). Parents described their beliefs about why children like and dislike foods (their attributions) and their ability to influence children's food preferences (their self-efficacy). Children's food preferences were attributed to (a) the influence of children's characteristics (e.g. food neophobia level and personality), (b) sensory attributes of foods (e.g. texture and appearance), and (c) socialisation experiences (e.g. peer modelling and parental feeding behaviours). Results provide preliminary evidence of differences in parents' attributions and self-efficacy beliefs in the feeding domain and highlight the need for greater understanding of the ways in which parents' beliefs affect children's food preferences.
Publisher: SAE International
Date: 03-04-2018
DOI: 10.4271/2018-01-0298
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2022.106044
Abstract: There has been a prolonged increase in the sale and consumption of ultra-processed, discretionary foods and ultra-processed milks for toddlers, which display numerous on-pack claims that influence health perceptions. This study investigated the relative impact of different regulated and unregulated claims on parent perceptions of the healthiness of a toddler snack food and milk in Australia. Participants aged 18+ years completed an online survey, including discrete choice experiments for an ultra-processed, discretionary toddler snack food and an ultra-processed toddler milk, which displayed combinations of claims across nutrition, health, and other domains. Participants were asked to choose the 'most and least healthy' products between three alternatives over seven choice sets. Data were analysed using an ordinal logistic regression model. Likelihood-ratio tests revealed the most important contribution was variation in regulated nutrition-content claims. For the toddler snack, participants were nearly 14 times more likely to perceive a product with the regulated nutrition-content claim "no added sugar, no added salt" as most healthy (OR 13.71, p < 0.001), compared to when no regulated nutrition-content claim was present. For the toddler milk, participants were more than two and a half times more likely to choose a product that contained the regulated nutrition-content claim "2 serves = up to 50% of RDI recommended dietary intake of 14 vitamins and minerals" as most healthy (OR 2.65, p < 0.001) compared to when no regulated nutrition-content claim was present. In Australia, regulated nutrition-content claims can be displayed on packaged foods regardless of healthiness. These results indicate that such claims increase perceptions of healthiness of ultra-processed, discretionary toddler snack foods and ultra-processed toddler milks. Further controls are required to regulate the use of nutrition-content and health claims to facilitate informed consumer choice.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 22-03-2019
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-03-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NU12030678
Abstract: Fatty acid (FA) chemoreception in the oral cavity, known as fat taste, may trigger a satiety response that is homologous to FA chemoreception in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, in iduals with an impaired fat taste sensitivity are more likely to have an impaired satiety response. This study aimed to assess the effect of an FA mouth rinse on self-reported appetite, and to determine if the effect is modified by fat taste sensitivity. Thirty-one participants (age, 32.0 ± 8.4 y body mass index (BMI), 26.1 ± 8.1 kg/m2) were studied on four separate days to evaluate the effect of a 20 mM oleic acid (OA) mouth rinse (in duplicate) compared to a control (in duplicate) on self-reported appetite by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) every 30 min for three hours following a standardized low-fat breakfast. The area under the curve ratings for fullness were greater (p = 0.003), and those for hunger were lower (p = 0.002) following the OA rinse compared to the control. The effect of the OA rinse was greater in in iduals who were hypersensitive to fat taste compared to moderately sensitive and hyposensitive in iduals for fullness (p 0.010) and hunger (p 0.010) ratings. In summary, an OA mouth rinse decreases self-reported hunger and increases self-reported fullness, particularly in those who are more sensitive to fat taste. FA receptors in the oral cavity may be potential targets to regulate appetite.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-10-2020
DOI: 10.3390/FOODS9101400
Abstract: Owing to the public health concern associated with the consumption of added sugar, the World Health Organization recommends cutting down sugar in processed foods. Furthermore, due to the growing concern of increased calorie intake from added sugar in sweetened dairy foods, the present review provides an overview of different types and functions of sugar, various sugar reduction strategies, and current trends in the use of sweeteners for sugar reduction in dairy food, taking flavoured milk as a central theme where possible to explore the aforementioned aspects. The strength and uniqueness of this review are that it brings together all the information on the available types of sugar and sugar reduction strategies and explores the current trends that could be applied for reducing sugar in dairy foods without much impact on consumer acceptance. Among different strategies for sugar reduction, the use of natural non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs), has received much attention due to consumer demand for natural ingredients. Sweetness imparted by sugar can be replaced by natural NNSs, however, sugar provides more than just sweetness to flavoured milk. Sugar reduction involves multiple technical challenges to maintain the sensory properties of the product, as well as to maintain consumer acceptance. Because no single sugar has a sensory profile that matches sucrose, the use of two or more natural NNSs could be an option for food industries to reduce sugar using a holistic approach rather than a single sugar reduction strategy. Therefore, achieving even a small sugar reduction can significantly improve the diet and health of an in idual.
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-07-2017
DOI: 10.3390/FOODS6070055
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2016
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2018
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 15-11-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2005.01.007
Abstract: Means-end-chain theory seeks to understand how consumers make links between products and self-relevant consequences and values. To date, means-end-chain theory has remained a descriptive process and has not been applied to predicting product choice. Within the context of cooking meat, the main objective of this research was to assess the predictive value of the means-end-chain theory. In a two part study, we first undertook a laddering study (n=58 middle-aged women) focusing on cooking three different meat products, using small group administration and paper-and-pencil responses to elicit mean-end-chains (MEC). In the second part, we considered all the MEC independently and incorporated them into a questionnaire, which was also comprised of psycho-social predictors from a range of behavioural models. Responses were elicited from a s le of middle-aged women (n=247). Although MEC explained little of the variance in self-reported behaviour, they were shown to be an important predictor of attitude. Contrary to expectations, the least abstract levels of the MEC appeared to be the most predictive. A critical examination of the data suggested a need to reconsider the means-end-chain theory since it appears to take the respondents beyond their own awareness of their behaviours.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2004
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 11-2007
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980007699546
Abstract: To examine how Australian children's reported everyday food preferences reflect dietary recommendations, and the impact of sociodemographic factors on these associations. Cross-sectional survey. Three hundred and seventy-one parents of children aged 2–5 years, recruited from three socio-economic groups in two Australian cities, completed a survey on their child's liking for 176 foods and drinks on a 5-point Likert scale in addition to demographic descriptors. Preferences were compared with the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Children and Adolescents in Australia and the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating . Foods in the Extra Foods (non-nutritious foods) and Cereals groups of the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating were highly liked (mean: 4.02 and 4.01, respectively), whilst foods in the Vegetables group were liked least (mean: 3.01). A large percentage of foods in the Cereals and Extra Foods groups were liked (64% and 56%, respectively) in contrast to the other food groups, especially Vegetables (7%). Children liked foods that were higher in sugar ( r = 0.29, P 0.0001) and more energy-dense ( r = 0.34, P 0.0001) but not those higher in saturated fat ( r = 0.16, P = 0.03), total fat ( r = 0.12, P = 0.12) or sodium ( r = 0.10, P = 0.18). Sociodemographic variables (e.g. socio-economic status, parental education, children's age and sex) explained little of the variation in children's food preferences. Australian pre-school children's food preferences align with dietary guidelines in some respects, but not others. Interventions are needed to shift children's preferences away from non-nutritious foods that are high in energy density and sugar, and towards vegetables and fruits.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2021.105754
Abstract: Parents' feeding practices are associated with children's food intake. However, little is known about the patterns of feeding practices used by groups of mothers or how these groupings of practices influence children's dietary intake. Therefore, the aims of this study are to classify and describe groups of mothers according to their patterns of feeding practices and to examine the associations between the groups of maternal feeding practices and pre-school children's dietary quality. In 2018, 1349 mothers based in Australia of children aged 2-5 years completed an online survey including validated measures of nine feeding practices and dietary quality, measured using thirteen summed dietary items. Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct groups of mothers who shared similar feeding practices. Linear regression models were fitted to examine associations between the feeding practice profiles and child dietary quality. A three-profile model was chosen based on interpretation, profile size and statistical model fit criteria. Profile 1 had lower mean scores of structure-related feeding practices than the other profiles profile 2 had mean scores reflecting slightly higher use of most structure-related feeding practices and lower mean scores of some non-responsive feeding practices profile 3 had higher mean scores of non-responsive feeding practices than the other profiles. Profile 1 (-2.95, CI: 3.97 -1.92) and profile 3 (-2.81, CI: 3.49 -2.13) had lower mean child dietary quality scores compared with profile 2. Profile 2, which reflected the most engagement in structure-related feeding practices combined with least non-responsive feeding practices, was associated with higher child diet quality, compared with the other two profiles. The identification of these unique profiles could help to tailor future interventions to consider patterns of feeding practices used by groups of mothers.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-02-2016
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2015.02.038
Abstract: Food preferences are important determinants of children's food intakes. Parental feeding behaviours have a significant influence on the development of children's food preferences. The aim of the present study was to describe the ways in which parents attempt to influence their children's food preferences. Parents of 2-5 year old children participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews, which were transcribed and content analysed using a thematic coding manual. The parents described the ways in which they tried to influence the foods their child liked and disliked. Participants (N = 57) were separated into three separate groups based on an a priori study measuring food preferences and food neophobia: those who either had children with healthy food preferences (i.e. closely aligned with dietary guidelines) (N = 20), or unhealthy food preferences (i.e. not closely aligned with dietary guidelines) (N = 18), or high levels of food neophobia (N = 19). The parents used many, erse behaviours to influence their child's food preferences. Some of these behaviours were likely to be effective in promoting healthy food preferences in children (e.g. parental modelling, food exposure), whilst others were likely to be ineffective (e.g. forcing consumption, restricting food access). Parents of children with healthy food preferences appeared to use more of the feeding behaviours predicted to promote healthy preferences than parents in the other two groups. Parents of children with unhealthy food preferences and those of food neophobic children appeared to rely more on ineffective behaviours. Parents used a mixture of effective and ineffective behaviours, with parents of children with unhealthy food preferences or high food neophobia using fewer behaviours known to be effective. Interventions aimed at influencing parental feeding behaviours should include those behaviours targeted at children's food preferences.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-04-2018
DOI: 10.1111/MCN.12602
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 24-12-2021
Abstract: Background: Examining appetitive traits with person-centered analytical approaches can advance the understanding of appetitive phenotype trajectories across infancy, their origins, and influences upon them. The objective of the present study was to empirically describe appetitive phenotype trajectories in infancy and examine the associations with infant and parent factors. Materials and Methods: In this longitudinal cohort study of Australian infants, parents completed three online surveys ~3 months apart, beginning when the infant was & months. Appetitive traits were assessed with the Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire (BEBQ) and parent feeding practices with the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (FPSQ) infant and toddler version. Parent demographics and cognitions were also collected. Infant weight and length were transcribed from health records and converted to a BMI z -score. Group-based trajectory modeling identified appetitive phenotype trajectories using the BEBQ. Multilevel modeling examined change in feeding practices and child BMI z -score over time by appetitive phenotype trajectories. Results: At time 1, 380 participants completed the survey (mean infant age 98 days), 178 at time 2 (mean infant age 198 days), and 154 at time 3 (mean infant age 303 days). Three multi-trajectory appetitive phenotype groups were identified and labeled as (Phenotype 1) food avoidant trending toward low food approach (21.32% of infants), (Phenotype 2) persistently balanced (50.53% of infants), and (Phenotype 3) high and continuing food approach (28.16% of infants). Formula feeding was more common in Phenotype 1 ( p = 0.016). Parents of infants in Phenotype 1 were more likely to rate them as being more difficult than average, compared to infants with phenotypes 2 or 3. Phenotype 2 had the greatest increase in persuasive feeding over time [0.30 95% CI (0.12, −0.47)]. Conclusions: Distinct multi-trajectory appetitive phenotype groups emerge early in infancy. These trajectories appear to have origins in both infant and parent characteristics as well as parent behaviors and cognitions. The infant multi-trajectory appetitive phenotype groups suggest that for some infants, difficulties in self-regulating appetite emerge early in life. Investigation of infant multi-trajectory appetitive phenotype groups that utilize a range of measures, examine relationships to key covariates and outcomes, and extend from infancy into childhood are needed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-05-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-09-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12937-020-00606-Z
Abstract: EAT– Lancet Commission’s Planetary Health Diet proposed a diet that integrates nutrition and sustainability considerations, however its affordability is unknown in many country-specific contexts, including Australia. The aim of this study is to develop a healthy and sustainable food basket modelled on the Planetary Health Diet to determine the affordability of the Planetary Health Diet basket across various socio-economic groups, and compare this affordability with a food basket modelled on the typical current diet, in an Australian setting. An Australian-specific Planetary Health Diet basket was developed for a reference household (2 adults and 2 children) modelled on the Planetary Health Diet reference diet, and compared to a previously-developed Typical Australian Diet basket. The cost of each food basket was determined by online supermarket shopping surveys in low, medium and high socio-economic areas in each Australian state. Basket affordability was determined for the reference household by comparing the basket cost to disposable income in each socio-economic group in each state. Mann-Whitney U tests then determined if there were significant differences between the median costs and the median affordability of both baskets. The Planetary Health Diet basket was shown to be less expensive and more affordable than the Typical Australian Diet basket nationally, in all metropolitan areas, in all socio-economic groups across Australia (median cost: Planetary Health Diet = AUD$188.21, Typical Australian Diet = AUD$224.36 median affordability: Planetary Health Diet = 13%, Typical Australian Diet = 16% p = 0.05). This study showed the Planetary Health Diet to be more affordable than the Typical Australian Diet for metropolitan-dwelling Australians. These results can help to inform public health and food policy aimed at achieving a healthy and sustainable future for all Australians, including reductions in overweight/obesity rates and increased food security.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-09-2022
DOI: 10.1111/JTXS.12627
Abstract: Understanding food texture sensitivity in children is important in guiding food selection. The objective of this work was to develop a short questionnaire that could be completed by parents in nonclinical settings to provide a categorization for food texture sensitivity in children. This study evaluated the distribution of children as texture sensitive (TS) or non‐texture sensitive (NTS) and the predictive validity of these questions to explain rejection of specific food textures. Three sets of survey data were examined, including data from a home‐use test (HUT) in children with and without Down syndrome (DS), and lingual tactile sensitivity measured by grating orientation task (GOT). From three parent‐completed surveys, the use of the questionnaire yielded a similar distribution of children in the TS category (16–22%) as previously reported. TS children (4–36 months) were more likely to reject specific food textures, including chewy , hard , lumpy , and “ tough meat ” ( p .05). A higher percentage of children with a diagnosis of DS were TS (36.9%). Children who were TS showed increased negative behaviors to foods and ate less than NTS children. In older children (5–12 years), TS children were fussier than NTS children ( p .001). Lingual tactile sensitivity was not significantly different by TS/NTS categorization ( p = .458). This study demonstrated that the use of these five questions specific to food texture provides a useful tool in categorizing a child as TS/NTS, with this information being useful in selecting preferred food textures. Future studies involving these TS questions should perform psychometric assessments and measures of criterion validity using other questionnaires.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 25-04-2018
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.9303
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2016
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-01-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-021-01079-X
Abstract: In order to measure and understand trajectories of parental feeding practices and their relationship with child eating and weight, it is desirable to perform assessment from infancy and across time, in age-appropriate ways. While many feeding practices questionnaires exist, none is presently available that enables tracking of feeding practices from infancy through childhood. The aim of the study was to develop a version of the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (FPSQ) for parents with infants and toddlers ( 2 years) to be used in conjunction with the original FPSQ for older children (≥2 years) to measure feeding practices related to non-responsiveness and structure across childhood. Constructs and items for the FPSQ for infants and toddlers were derived from the existing and validated FPSQ for older children and supplemented by a review of the literature on infant feeding questionnaires. Following expert review, two versions of the questionnaire were developed, one for milk feeding parents and one for solid feeding parents. Data from two studies were combined (child ages 0–24 months) to test the derived constructs with Confirmatory Factor Analysis for the milk feeding ( N = 731) and solid feeding ( N = 611) versions. The milk feeding version consisted of four factors (18 items) and showed acceptable model fit and good internal reliability: ‘feeding on demand vs. feeding routine’ (α = 0.87), ‘using food to calm’ (α = 0.87), ‘persuasive feeding’ (α = 0.71), ‘parent-led feeding’ (α = 0.79). The same four factors showed acceptable model fit for the solid feeding version (21 items), likewise with good internal reliability (α = 0.74, 0.86, 0.85, 0.84 respectively). Two additional factors (13 items) were developed for the solid feeding version that appeared developmentally appropriate only for children aged 12 months or older: ‘family meal environment’ (α = 0.81) and ‘using (non-)food rewards’ (α = 0.92). The majority of factor-factor correlations were in line with those of the original FPSQ. The FPSQ milk and solid feeding versions are the first measures specifically developed as precursors to the FPSQ to measure parental feeding practices in children 2 years, particularly practices related to non-responsiveness and structure. Further validation in more erse s les is required.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-05-2018
DOI: 10.3390/NU10060692
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 29-09-2015
DOI: 10.2196/IJMR.4323
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2004
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-02-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-023-01407-3
Abstract: There is a substantial body of research on children’s eating behaviours (e.g., food responsiveness and fussiness) and related constructs (e.g., eating in the absence of hunger, appetite self-regulation). This research provides a foundation for understanding children’s dietary intakes and healthy eating behaviours, as well as efforts at intervention, whether in relation to food avoidance, overeating and/or trajectories to excess weight gain. The success of these efforts and their associated outcomes is dependent on the theoretical foundation and conceptual clarity of the behaviours and constructs. This, in turn contributes to the coherence and precision of the definitions and measurement of these behaviours and constructs. Limited clarity in these areas ultimately creates uncertainty around the interpretation of findings from research studies and intervention programs. At present there does not appear to be an overarching theoretical framework of children’s eating behaviours and associated constructs, or for separate domains of children’s eating behaviours/constructs. The main purpose of the present review was to examine the possible theoretical foundations of some of the main current questionnaire and behavioural measures of children’s eating behaviours and related constructs. We reviewed the literature on the most prominent measures of children’s eating behaviours for use with children aged ~ 0–12 years. We focused on the explanations and justifications for the original design of the measures and whether these included theoretical perspectives, as well as current theoretical interpretations (and difficulties) of the behaviours and constructs. We found that the most commonly used measures had their foundations in relatively applied or practical concerns rather than theoretical perspectives. We concluded, consistent with Lumeng & Fisher (1), that although existing measures have served the field well, to advance the field as a science, and better contribute to knowledge development, increased attention should be directed to the conceptual and theoretical foundations of children’s eating behaviours and related constructs. Suggestions for future directions are outlined.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 25-06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2018
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 29-10-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2018
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-05-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-06-2021
Abstract: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends cutting down added sugar in processed foods and beverages. There is a growing concern for increased calorie intake from added sugar in flavored milk. To understand how to effectively reduce added sugar in flavored milk, the influence of other nutritional components such as percentage of fat, protein, and salt need to be accounted for as they are the determinants for color, flavor and mouthfeel attributes that ultimately influence consumer liking. Therefore, this study aims to identify the ideal product composition of commercial chocolate flavored milk s les and to link the existing variations to consumers’ liking data using External Preference Mapping (EPM). Thirty‐four commercial chocolate milk s les systematically varying in compositional profile (sugar, fat, protein, salt, stabilizer and sweetener) were analysed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with a subset of 10 chocolate milk s les varying in product composition (fat, protein, salt and sugar) selected for consumer evaluation. Consumers ( n = 235) evaluated these 10 chocolate milk s les for overall liking using a 9‐point hedonic scale. Significant differences ( p 0.0001) were observed in the hedonic ratings of these 10 s les, and consumers were grouped into four clusters using Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), each cluster showing a preference for different products. EPM was applied to the consumer liking data to reveal the ideal product composition of chocolate milk acceptability. Chocolate milk s les 4 (OAK chocolate) and 6 (OAK thick death by chocolate) with 10.6%–10.9% sugar, 3.4%–3.5% fat, 3.5%–3.6% protein and 0.05% salt were identified to have the highest appeal satisfying between 70% and 80% of consumers assessed. The results of this research could be applied for the reformulation of a new product to ensure that the product composition including sugar concentration is critical to influencing the sensory perception and consumer acceptance of the product. In addition, the results provide an ideal product composition along with sugar concentration that can be used as a standard or control mark for sugar reduction target.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2018.05.145
Abstract: Parental feeding practices are associated with children's eating behaviours and weight, yet current use of such practices lacks detailed description. This limits our understanding of which behaviours to target to promote healthy growth. We explored the frequency with which a range of parental feeding practices occurs in mothers of toddler and preschool children. Combined data from four Australasian trials of healthy feeding and growth were utilized, each using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ). Data were included from mothers of toddlers (1.3-2 years n = 1344) and preschool children (4-6 years n = 795). Means and standard deviations for each CFPQ dimension were calculated for the two age groups. Scores were categorised by frequency, and percentages in each category calculated. Linear regression analysis determined associations between socio-demographics and feeding practices. In both age groups, mothers reported extensive use of some CFPQ dimensions including modelling, encouraging balance and variety, and healthy food environment (between 84% and 100% reported using these practices 'usually' to 'often'). Greater variation existed for other practices including pressure to eat and restriction for health. Food as a reward and pressure to eat were used more with preschool children (M = 2.5, SD = 1.0 and M = 3.1 SD = 0.9) than with toddlers (M = 1.7, SD = 0.8 and M = 2.5 SD = 0.9). For both age groups, mothers' age, education, SEP and BMI category, or the child's BMI, sex, or age predicted use of some feeding practices. Feeding practices such as modelling and providing a healthy food environment are important, but interventions are unlikely to detect effects as most parents report following best practice. In contrast, given greater variability in reported use of other feeding practices like pressure to eat and restriction for health these constructs may be more likely to detect change.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2003
Publisher: Figshare
Date: 2016
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 15-09-2016
DOI: 10.2196/JMIR.5691
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2018.10.008
Abstract: Current understanding of the impact of maternal feeding practices on weight outcomes in young children remains unclear given equivocal longitudinal study outcomes. To determine whether feeding practices used by mothers when their child was less than 2 years of age were related to overweight status at ages 3.5 and 5 years in a large cross-country s le and investigate whether these associations were moderated by weight status in early life. Data from mother-child dyads participating in four childhood obesity prevention trials across Australia and New Zealand were pooled (n = 723). Each trial administered items from the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) to mothers when infants were approximately 20 months of age, measuring food as a reward, modelling, restriction for health, pressure to eat, and emotion regulation. Poisson regression was used to determine risk ratios (RR) for overweight (BMI z-score ≥85th percentile) at 3.5 and 5 years by CFPQ scores. Greater use of emotion regulation at 20 months of age predicted higher risk for overweight at 3.5 and 5 years (RR = 1.19 and 1.28, respectively), while restriction for health predicted lower risk for overweight at 5 years (RR = 0.88). Child's weight status at 20 months moderated the association between pressure to eat and overweight risk at 5 years, such that those who were not overweight at 20 months of age had reduced risk of overweight associated with the use of pressure to eat (RR = 0.68) but those who were overweight had an increased risk (RR = 1.09). Early maternal feeding practices are related to a child's later risk of overweight.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 29-06-2017
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.7236
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-03-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-020-00928-5
Abstract: In developmental science, there is an extensive literature on non-food related self-regulation in childhood, where several domains relating to emotions, actions and cognitions have been identified. There is now growing attention to food related self-regulation in childhood, especially difficulties with ASR, and the consequences for weight gain and adiposity. The aim of this narrative review was to conduct a reciprocal analysis of self-regulation in the food and non-food domains in childhood (referred to as appetite self-regulation (ASR) and general self-regulation (GSR) respectively). The focus was on commonalities and differences in key concepts and underpinning processes. Databases and major journals were searched using terms such as self-regulation, appetite self-regulation, or self-regulation of energy intake, together with associated constructs (e.g., Executive Function, Effortful Control, delay-of-gratification). This was followed by backward and forward snowballing. The scholarship on GSR in childhood has had a focus on the role of the cognitively-oriented Executive Function (EF), the temperamentally-based Effortful Control (EC) and the recursive interplay between bottom-up (reactive, emotion driven, approach or avoidance) and top-down (cognitive, conscious decision-making) processes. “Hot” and “cool/cold” EF and self-regulation situations have been distinguished. There were some parallels between GSR and ASR in these areas, but uncertainty about the contribution of EF and EC to ASR in young children. Possible differences between the contribution to ASR-related outcomes of delay-of-gratification in food and non-food tasks were apparent. Unique elements of ASR were identified associated with psychological, biological and neurological responses to food and bottom-up processes. A erse number of situations or elements connected to ASR exist: for ex le, energy balance homeostasis, caloric compensation, hunger regulation, satiation, satiety, energy density of food, eating in the absence of hunger, emotional eating, etc. Self-regulation in food and non-food domains are amenable to a reciprocal analysis. We argue that self-regulation of appetite should be added as a domain under the umbrella of self-regulation in childhood along with the other non-food related domains. This could lead to a broader understanding of self-regulation in childhood, and generate novel lines of enquiry.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-02-2019
DOI: 10.1111/OBR.12838
Abstract: Childhood obesity has reached alarming proportions in many countries. There is consensus that both biological (especially genetic) and environmental (including psychosocial) factors contribute to weight gain and obesity in childhood. Research has identified extensive risk or predictive factors for childhood obesity from both of these domains. There is less consensus about the developmental processes or pathways showing how these risk factors lead to overweigh/obesity (OW/OB) in childhood. We outline a biopsychosocial process model of the development of OW/OB in childhood. The model and associated scholarship from developmental theory and research guide an analysis of research on OW/OB in childhood. The model incorporates biological factors such as genetic predispositions or susceptibility genes, temperament, and homeostatic and allostatic processes with the psychosocial and behavioral factors of parenting, parental feeding practices, child appetitive traits, food liking, food intakes, and energy expenditure. There is an emphasis on bidirectional and transactional processes linking child biology and behavior with psychosocial processes and environment. Insights from developmental theory and research include implications for conceptualization, measurement, research design, and possible multiple pathways to OW/OB. Understanding the developmental processes and pathways involved in childhood OW/OB should contribute to more targeted prevention and intervention strategies in childhood.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-01-2020
DOI: 10.1111/MCN.12942
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 13-11-2020
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020004590
Abstract: To analyse nutritional and packaging characteristics of toddler-specific foods and milks in the Australian retail food environment to identify how such products fit within the Australian Dietary Guidelines (ADG) and the NOVA classification. Cross-sectional retail audit of toddler foods and milks. On-pack product attributes were recorded. Products were categorised as (1) food or milk (2) snack food or meal and (3) snacks sub-categorised depending on main ingredients. Products were classified as a discretionary or core food as per the ADG and level of processing according to NOVA classification. Supermarkets and pharmacies in Australia. A total of 154 foods and thirty-two milks were identified. Eighty percentage of foods were snacks, and 60 % of foods were classified as core foods, while 85 % were ultraprocessed (UP). Per 100 g, discretionary foods provided significantly more energy, protein, total and saturated fat, carbohydrate, total sugar and Na ( P 0·001) than core foods. Total sugars were significantly higher ( P 0·001) and Na significantly lower ( P 0·001) in minimally processed foods than in UP foods. All toddler milks ( n 32) were found to have higher energy, carbohydrate and total sugar levels than full-fat cow’s milk per 100 ml. Claims and messages were present on 99 % of foods and all milks. The majority of toddler foods available in Australia are UP snack foods and do not align with the ADG. Toddler milks, despite being UP, do align with the ADG. A strengthened regulatory approach may address this issue.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-06-2015
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014001128
Abstract: The objective was to investigate parents’ motives for selecting foods for their children and the associations between these motives and children’s food preferences. Cross-sectional survey. A modified version of the Food Choice Questionnaire was used to assess parents’ food choice motives. Parents also reported children’s liking/disliking of 176 food and beverage items on 5-point Likert scales. Patterns of food choice motives were examined with exploratory principal component analysis. Associations between motives and children’s food preferences were assessed with linear regression while one-way and two-way ANOVA were used to test for sociodemographic differences. Two Australian cities. Parents ( n 371) of 2–5-year-old children. Health, nutrition and taste were key motivators for parents, whereas price, political concerns and advertising were among the motives considered least important. The more parents’ food choice for their children was driven by what their children wanted, the less children liked vegetables ( β =−0·27, P ·01), fruit ( β =−0·19, P ·01) and cereals ( β =−0·28, P ·01) and the higher the number of untried foods ( r =0·17, P ·01). The reverse was found for parents’ focus on natural/ethical motives (vegetables β =0·17, P ·01 fruit β =0·17, P ·01 cereals β =0·14, P =0·01). Health and nutrition motives bordered on statistical significance as predictors of children’s fruit and vegetable preferences. Although parents appear well intentioned in their motives for selecting children’s foods, there are gaps to be addressed in the nature of such motives (e.g. selecting foods in line with the child’s desires) or the translation of health motives into healthy food choices.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2017.05.001
Abstract: Front-of-pack attributes have the potential to affect parents' food choices on behalf of their children and form one avenue through which strategies to address the obesogenic environment can be developed. Previous work has focused on the isolated effects of nutrition and health information (e.g. labeling systems, health claims), and how parents trade off this information against co-occurring marketing features (e.g. product imagery, cartoons) is unclear. A Discrete Choice Experiment was utilized to understand how front-of-pack nutrition, health and marketing attributes, as well as pricing, influenced parents' choices of cereal for their child. Packages varied with respect to the two elements of the Australian Health Star Rating system (stars and nutrient facts panel), along with written claims, product visuals, additional visuals, and price. A total of 520 parents (53% male) with a child aged between five and eleven years were recruited via an online panel company and completed the survey. Product visuals, followed by star ratings, were found to be the most significant attributes in driving choice, while written claims and other visuals were the least significant. Use of the Health Star Rating (HSR) system and other features were related to the child's fussiness level and parents' concerns about their child's weight with parents of fussy children, in particular, being less influenced by the HSR star information and price. The findings suggest that front-of-pack health labeling systems can affect choice when parents trade this information off against marketing attributes, yet some marketing attributes can be more influential, and not all parents utilize this information in the same way.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-12-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NU14010163
Abstract: With the food system evolving, it is not clear how the nutrition and on-pack claims of toddler foods have been impacted. Data on the trends in Australia are lacking, so we sought to determine the changes in the nutrition and on-pack claims of toddler-specific packaged foods over time. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using the Mintel Global New Products Database. The number of toddler-specific foods increased from 1996 to 2020. Over time, a lower proportion of meals and snacks were classified as “ultra-processed”, but a higher proportion of snacks were classified as “discretionary”. Meals launched after 2014 had higher median values for energy, saturated fat, and sugar than those in earlier years. Toddler snacks launched after 2014 had lower median values for sodium, and higher median values for fat, saturated fat, and sugar than those in earlier years. The mean number of total claims per package increased over time for snacks, with an increase in unregulated claims for both meals and snacks. Public health action is needed to ensure that the retail food environment for young children is health-promoting, including stringent and clear regulations for on-pack claims, and compositional guidelines and guidance on how to reduce the number of ultra-processed foods for toddlers.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2004
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 03-05-2022
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980021001907
Abstract: To prioritise and refine a set of evidence-informed statements into advice messages to promote vegetable liking in early childhood, and to determine applicability for dissemination of advice to relevant audiences. A nominal group technique (NGT) workshop and a Delphi survey were conducted to prioritise and achieve consensus (≥70 % agreement) on thirty evidence-informed maternal (perinatal and lactation stage), infant (complementary feeding stage) and early years (family diet stage) vegetable-related advice messages. Messages were validated via triangulation analysis against the strength of evidence from an Umbrella review of strategies to increase children’s vegetable liking, and gaps in advice from a Desktop review of vegetable feeding advice. Australia. A purposeful s le of key stakeholders (NGT workshop, n 8 experts Delphi survey, n 23 end users). Participant consensus identified the most highly ranked priority messages associated with the strategies of: ‘in-utero exposure’ (perinatal and lactation, n 56 points) and ‘vegetable variety’ (complementary feeding, n 97 points family diet, n 139 points). Triangulation revealed two strategies (‘repeated exposure’ and ‘variety’) and their associated advice messages suitable for policy and practice, twelve for research and four for food industry. Supported by national and state feeding guideline documents and resources, the advice messages relating to ‘repeated exposure’ and ‘variety’ to increase vegetable liking can be communicated to families and caregivers by healthcare practitioners. The food industry provides a vehicle for advice promotion and product development. Further research, where stronger evidence is needed, could further inform strategies for policy and practice, and food industry application.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 18-12-2017
DOI: 10.2196/MHEALTH.8515
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 22-12-2021
Abstract: This review uses person-centered research and data analysis strategies to discuss the conceptualization and measurement of appetite self-regulation (ASR) phenotypes and trajectories in childhood (from infancy to about ages 6 or 7 years). Research that is person-centered provides strategies that increase the possibilities for investigating ASR phenotypes. We first examine the utility of examining underlying phenotypes using latent profile/class analysis drawing on cross-sectional data. The use of trajectory analysis to investigate developmental change is then discussed, with attention to phenotypes using trajectories of in idual behaviors as well as phenotypes based on multi-trajectory modeling. Data analysis strategies and measurement approaches from recent ex les of these person-centered approaches to the conceptualization and investigation of appetite self-regulation and its development in childhood are examined. Where relevant, ex les from older children as well as developmental, clinical and educational psychology are drawn on to discuss when and how person-centered approaches can be used. We argue that there is scope to incorporate recent advances in biological and psychoneurological knowledge about appetite self-regulation as well as fundamental processes in the development of general self-regulation to enhance the examination of phenotypes and their trajectories across childhood (and beyond). The discussion and conclusion suggest directions for future research and highlight the potential of person-centered approaches to progress knowledge about the development of appetite self-regulation in childhood.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 26-09-2017
Abstract: he first year of life is an important window to initiate healthy infant feeding practices to promote healthy growth. Interventions delivered by mobile phone (mHealth) provide a novel approach for reaching parents however, little is known about the effectiveness of mHealth for child obesity prevention. he objective of this study was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of an mHealth obesity prevention intervention in terms of reach, acceptability, and impact on key infant feeding outcomes. quasi-experimental study was conducted with an mHealth intervention group (Growing healthy) and a nonrandomized comparison group (Baby’s First Food). The intervention group received access to a free app and website containing information on infant feeding, sleep and settling, and general support for parents with infants aged 0 to 9 months. App-generated notifications directed parents to age-and feeding-specific content within the app. Both groups completed Web-based surveys when infants were less than 3 months old (T1), at 6 months of age (T2), and 9 months of age (T3). Survival analysis was used to examine the duration of any breastfeeding and formula introduction, and cox proportional hazard regression was performed to examine the hazard ratio for ceasing breast feeding between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for a range of child and parental factors was used to compare the exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding behaviors, and timing of solid introduction between the 2 groups. Mixed effect polynomial regression models were performed to examine the group differences in growth trajectory from birth to T3. total of 909 parents initiated the enrollment process, and a final s le of 645 parents (Growing healthy=301, Baby’s First Food=344) met the eligibility criteria. Most mothers were Australian born and just under half had completed a university education. Retention of participants was high (80.3%, 518/645) in both groups. Most parents (226/260, 86.9%) downloaded and used the app however, usage declined over time. There was a high level of satisfaction with the program, with 86.1% (143/166) reporting that they trusted the information in the app and 84.6% (170/201) claiming that they would recommend it to a friend. However, some technical problems were encountered with just over a quarter of parents reporting that the app failed to work at times. There were no significant differences between groups in any of the target behaviors. Growth trajectories also did not differ between the 2 groups. n mHealth intervention using a smartphone app to promote healthy infant feeding behaviors is a feasible and acceptable mode for delivering obesity prevention intervention to parents however, app usage declined over time. Learnings from this study will be used to further enhance the program so as to improve its potential for changing infant feeding behaviors.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JNEB.2007.03.007
Abstract: This cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the relationships between food preferences, food neophobia, and children's characteristics among a population-based s le of preschoolers. A parent-report questionnaire. Child-care centers, kindergartens, playgroups, day nurseries, and swimming centers. 371 two- to five-year-old Australian children. Associations between food neophobia and the food preferences and characteristics. Analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, Pearson product-moment correlations, and Fisher z test were used to estimate and compare the associations between these variables. Food neophobia was associated with reduced preferences for all food groups, but especially for vegetables (r = -0.60 P < .001). It was also associated with liking fewer food types (r = -0.55 P < .001), disliking more food types (r = 0.42 P < .001), the number of untried food types (r = 0.25 P < .001), a less varied range of food preferences (r = -0.59 P < .001), and less healthful food preferences overall (r = -0.55 P < .001). No significant relationships (P < .01) were observed between food neophobia and a child's age, sex, or history of breast-feeding. The study confirms and extends results obtained in experimental research and population-based intake studies of food neophobia to children's everyday food preferences. The findings suggest that preschool children's everyday food preferences are strongly associated with food neophobia but not with children's age, sex, or history of breast-feeding. When aiming to influence children's food preferences, the effects of food neophobia and strategies to reduce it should be considered.
No related grants have been discovered for Catherine Georgina Russell.