ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3651-898X
Current Organisations
University of Queensland
,
University of Tasmania
,
University of Wollongong
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.CLINPH.2014.02.018
Abstract: To compare sequential processing in the unwarned auditory equiprobable Go/NoGo task in children and adults, in the context of a recently developed adult schema. Adult and child s les completed an equiprobable auditory Go/NoGo task while EEG was recorded from 19 channels. Go and NoGo ERPs were decomposed using unrestricted Varimax-rotated PCAs for the groups separately, and in combination. The separate adult and child components were compared using the Congruence Coefficient. Brain sources of each assessed component were examined using eLORETA. Corresponding adult/child components were tentatively identified: two N1 subcomponents (N1-1, PN) and P2, followed by N2, P3 (separate P3a/P3b in children), the classic Slow Wave (SW), and a diffuse Late Positivity (LP). While early and late components showed similarities, the intermediate P2 and N2 differed substantially in their stimulus effects. Aspects of "Go" vs. "NoGo" categorisation differ between adults and children, but subsequent processing reflected in the different Go/NoGo P3 components, and their sequellae, are similar. This is the first detailed examination of child responses in this paradigm. The tested schema appears relatively robust in adults, and the child results may aid our understanding of developmental aspects of cognitive processing in normal and atypical in iduals.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-09-2018
Abstract: The objective of the current study was to examine the pathology test utilisation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) within an Australian inpatient psychiatric setting. A retrospective audit of 300 random hospital files of those admitted as inpatients between Nov 2014 and Nov 2015 was undertaken. Data was quantitatively analysed and described. The number of inpatients who had a vitamin D determination during their admission was 37/300 (12.33%). The mean vitamin D level of those tested was 51.63 nmol/l. Of those that were tested, 18/37 (48.6%) were mildly to moderately deficient. There was a statistically significant difference in age and length of stay between those that were and were not tested for vitamin D levels, p-value .001 and 0.017, respectively. In addition, a simple linear regression indicated a weak association between length of stay and vitamin D levels. This audit highlights vitamin D screening inadequacy. More research is recommended to establish tangible benefits of supplementation, while local practice provides valuable data for education and policy purposes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.AJP.2017.02.022
Abstract: The term food addiction (FA) denotes a concept among researchers and lay consumers as a behavioural phenotype related to excessive food consumption. In this study we examined the prevalence of FA using the validated Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) as well as the dimensional symptom count. In addition, we explored associations between participant characteristics and FA diagnosis. Outpatients attending a clozapine clinic and possessing a diagnosis of schizophrenia were invited to complete an anonymous survey using the YFAS. Ninety three surveys were used to calculate the diagnostic YFAS criteria for FA. The prevalence of FA found in this s le was 26.9%. Among in iduals who did not meet "diagnostic" criteria FA, 77.4% endorsed 3 or more symptoms but did not report distress or impairment. The most common food addiction symptom was a persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempts to cut down consumption (97.9%). The significant finding in association between in idual's characteristics and diagnosis of FA was employment. Several factors related to reported results are postulated and discussed. The current study has found the prevalence of FA amongst people living with schizophrenia to be higher than the general populations but not as high as populations with disordered eating.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJPSYCHO.2015.05.010
Abstract: A recent series of studies of the auditory equiprobable Go/NoGo task, using fixed interstimulus intervals (ISIs), proposed a processing schema relating observed event-related potential (ERP) components to sequential processing stages. However, it has been demonstrated that attention and ERP components can be affected by the predictable rhythmic timing of fixed ISIs. Hence the aim of the current study was to test the robustness of that processing schema with an unpredictable arrhythmic variable ISI. EEG was recorded from 30 university students at 30 scalp sites in an unwarned auditory equiprobable Go/NoGo task using a variable ISI. Following our previous studies, Go and NoGo ERP components were derived using temporal principal components analysis (PCA). Of the unrestricted Varimax-rotated factors, seven were identifiable as components based on their topography, polarity, and latency: two subcomponents of the N1 (N1-1, and processing negativity, PN), P2/N2b, N2c/P3a, P3b, and two subcomponents of the slow wave (SW-1 and SW-2). These components showed Go/NoGo effects comparable to those previously noted with fixed ISI, supporting the proposed processing schema. The Late Positivity (LP) component, previously speculated to mark cortical deactivation after processing the NoGo stimulus, was not present in the sequence of components. In its absence, activity underlying the observed sustained P300/late positive complex may be involved in processing temporally-uncertain stimuli.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-02-2023
DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2042188
Abstract: This study compared discussion board involvement between family carers and non-carers in the Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course (UD-MOOC). A mixed methods observational cohort study of family carers and non-carers was undertaken over the February-April 2020 UD-MOOC. Discussion board engagement was measured as number of posts and replies and examined longitudinally using mixed models. Discussion topics were explored through structural topic models (STM). Subsequently, thematic analysis of STM derived-topic exemplars was conducted to contextualise these discussions. Family carers were ( These results may reflect underlying motivational differences and circumstantial relevance. Perhaps the greater engagement by family carers is related to a sense of having inadequate relevant offline social resources, where engagement in the UD-MOOC discussion boards may serve as means to share experiences with others.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AJO.12581
Abstract: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are likely to develop diabetes in later life. International reports and reviews indicate a variable but generally high rate of conversion. However, data from international reports are difficult to apply to an Australian population. To investigate in Australia, in a representative population, the prevalence of diabetes developing in women who have been diagnosed with one criteria and who have had uniform standards of clinical care. This study considered women referred with a diagnosis of GDM according to the Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society criteria and seen by one practitioner over a 20 year period, from 1991 to 2010. The area of referral had an ethnic distribution similar to the overall Australian demography. Despite, in some cases, being more than 25 years since the pregnancy, more than half the women were contactable and the majority agreed to have their diabetes status declared or determined. The overall prevalence was 10.3%. The prevalence at each 10 year age increment was more than twice the figure reported from the AusDiab study. A higher maternal body mass index and a positive family history of diabetes were the strongest predictive factors. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 0.9%. In a representative population, after GDM, the prevalence of diabetes of 10.3% was far lower than that reported internationally but was still about twice the rate for the overall Australian population.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 30-03-2017
DOI: 10.2196/JMIR.6971
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 19-03-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.1111/AJO.12763
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 26-02-2018
DOI: 10.2196/MEDEDU.7719
No related grants have been discovered for jay borchard.