ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3974-8107
Current Organisation
Deakin University
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Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 08-2016
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of ad libitum intake of a milk-based liquid meal supplement against a carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drink following exercise induced fluid loss. Seven male participants (age 22.3 ± 3.4 years, height 179.3 ± 7.9 cm, body mass 74.3 ± 7.3 kg mean ± SD ) completed 4 separate trials and lost 1.89 ± 0.44% body mass through moderate intensity exercise in the laboratory. After exercise, participants consumed ad libitum over 2 h a milk-based liquid meal supplement (Sustagen Sport) on two of the trials (S1, S2) or a carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drink (Powerade) on two of the trials (P1, P2), with an additional 1 hr observational period. Measures of body mass, urine output, gastrointestinal tolerance and palatability were collected throughout the recovery period. Participants consumed significantly more Powerade than Sustagen Sport over the 2 h rehydration period (P1 = 2225 ± 888 ml, P2 = 2602 ± 1119 mL, S1 = 1375 ± 711 mL, S2 = 1447 ± 857 ml). Total urine output on both Sustagen trails was significantly lower than the second Powerade trial (P2 = 1447 ± 656 ml, S1 = 153 ± 62 ml, S2 = 182 ± 118 mL p .05) and trended toward being lower compared with the first Powerade trial (P1 = 1057 ± 699 ml vs. S1, p = .067 and vs. S2, p = .061). No significant differences in net fluid balance were observed between any of the drinks at the conclusion of each trial (P1 = −0.50 ±0. 46 kg, P2 = −0.40 ± 0.35 kg, S1 = −0.61 ± 0.74 kg, S2 = −0.45 ± 0.58 kg). Gastrointestinal tolerance and beverage palatability measures indicated Powerade to be preferred as a rehydration beverage. Ad libitum milk-based liquid meal supplement results in similar net fluid balance as a carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drink after exercise induced fluid loss.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.1136/SPCARE-2023-004304
Abstract: Dietary interventions are effective strategies to mitigate multiple side effects from androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer, however the perception of, and access to, nutrition services is relatively unknown. A qualitative study using semistructured, audio recorded interviews was conducted in men with prostate cancer treated with ADT for ≥3 months. Interviews explored (1) side effects of ADT and drivers for dietary change, (2) accessibility, barriers, facilitators and use of nutrition services and (3) the preferences for nutrition service delivery. Data were coded using interpretative descriptive techniques of textual interview data, and systematically summarised to generate thematical patterns, using NVivo software. Interviews were completed of 20 men with prostate cancer treated with ADT (25.5±20.1 months). Thematic analysis revealed four overarching themes—(1) the changes from ADT : men revealed that weight gain, loss of muscle and strength from ADT were daily struggles that negatively impact body image and components of masculinity reduced (2) strategies to take control : several dietary changes were trialled and restrictive in foods and nutrients. Barriers to accessing nutrition specialists were the cost for the service and absence of a clear referral pathway (3) importance of nutrition knowledge : demand for specialised nutrition services with knowledge in addressing side effects from ADT (4) erse patients need erse nutrition support: that includes peer or partner support, and technology supported nutrition content. Evidence-based nutrition services are an unmet need for men treated with ADT. Future work is required to develop services that can be readily available and accessible to improve prostate cancer survivorship care.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-01-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-04-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-02-2015
DOI: 10.1111/JPC.12828
Abstract: Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a rare genomic syndrome resulting in severe disability. Chronic childhood disorders can profoundly influence growth and development. Nutrition-related issues in A-T are not well described, and there are no nutritional guidelines. This study investigated the nutrition-related characteristics and behaviours of Australian A-T patients attending a national clinic. A cross-sectional analysis of 13 A-T patients (nine females aged: 4-23 years): nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric and body cell mass (BCM) calculations. Parents reported their child's diet history and physical and behavioural factors that affect nutrition including fatigue and need for assistance. Ten (77%) had short stature (height for age z scores <-1), and seven (54%) were underweight for height (weight/height z scores <-1). Significant malnutrition (BCM z scores <-2) was detected in nine (69%) including the one adult who was severely malnourished. Malnutrition increased significantly with age (BCM for height z scores and age, r = -0.937, P < 0.001). Eight (62%) patients ate poorly compared with estimated energy requirement for weight. Poor diet quality was characterised by high fat and sugar choices. Parents reported significant nutritional barriers as chronic tiredness and the need for care giver assistance with meals. This study confirms profound malnutrition in Australian A-T patients. Poor intakes and diet quality suggest the need for early nutrition intervention. Ongoing support for families and early discussions on tube feeding are required to address changing needs in childhood and likely nutritional decline into adulthood. A prospective study is required to assess feasibility and effectiveness of nutrition interventions in young people with A-T.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-05-2023
DOI: 10.1002/JCSM.13256
Abstract: Low muscle mass (MM) is a common component of cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia, conditions that are all independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. This study aimed to (1) compare the prevalence of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia and their association with survival in adults with cancer from the UK Biobank and (2) explore the influence of different allometric scaling (height [m 2 ] or body mass index [BMI]) on low MM estimates. Participants in the UK Biobank with a cancer diagnosis within 2 years of the baseline assessment were identified. Low MM was estimated by appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) from bioelectrical impedance analysis derived fat‐free mass. Malnutrition was determined using the Global Leadership in Malnutrition criteria. Sarcopenia was defined using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria (version 2). All‐cause mortality was determined from linked national mortality records. Cox‐proportional hazards models were fitted to estimate the effect of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia on all‐cause mortality. In total, 4122 adults with cancer (59.8 ± 7.1 years 49.2% male) were included. Prevalence of low MM (8.0% vs. 1.7%), malnutrition (11.2% vs. 6.2%), and sarcopenia (1.4% vs. 0.2%) was higher when MM was adjusted using ALST/BMI compared with ALST/height 2 , respectively. Low MM using ALST/BMI identified more cases in participants with obesity (low MM 56.3% vs. 0% malnutrition 50% vs. 18.5% sarcopenia 50% vs. 0%). During a median 11.2 (interquartile range: 10.2, 12.0) years of follow up, 901 (21.7%) of the 4122 participants died, and of these, 744 (82.6%) deaths were cancer‐specific All conditions were associated with a higher hazard of mortality using either method of MM adjustment: low MM (ALST/height 2 : HR 1.9 [95% CI 1.3, 2.8], P = 0.001 ALST/BMI: HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005 malnutrition (ALST/height 2 : HR 2.5 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005 ALST/BMI: HR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1, 1.7], P = 0.005 sarcopenia (ALST/height 2 : HR 2.9 [95% CI 1.3, 6.5], P = 0.013 ALST/BMI: HR 1.6 [95% CI 1.0, 2.4], P = 0.037). In adults with cancer, malnutrition was more common than low MM or sarcopenia, although all conditions were associated with a higher mortality risk, regardless of the method of adjusting for MM. In contrast, adjustment of low MM for BMI identified more cases of low MM, malnutrition, and sarcopenia overall and in participants with obesity compared with height adjustment, suggesting it is the preferred adjustment.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-05-2022
Abstract: Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in prostate cancer has been shown to deteriorate body composition (reduced lean mass and increased body and fat mass) and increase the risk of cardiovascular morbidity. The Mediterranean style dietary pattern (MED-diet) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) may synergistically alleviate these side effects and improve quality of life in men treated with ADT. Methods: Twenty-three men (65.9 ± 7.8 years body mass index: 29.6 ± 2.7 kg/m2 ADT duration: 33.8 ± 35.6 months) receiving ADT for ≥3 months were randomly assigned (1:1) to 20 weeks of usual care or the MED-diet (10 nutrition consults) with HIIT (4 × 4 min 85–95% heart rate peak, 3× week, starting at 12 weeks). Results: The MED-diet with HIIT significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (+4.9 mL·kg−1·min, p 0.001), and body mass (−3.3 kg, p 0.001) compared to the usual care group at 20 weeks. Clinically meaningful (≥3 points) improvements were seen in quality of life and cancer-related fatigue after 20 weeks. Conclusions: The MED-diet with HIIT increased cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced body weight in men with prostate cancer treated with ADT. Larger trials determining whether the MED-diet with HIIT translates to cardiovascular benefits are warranted.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-08-2020
Abstract: This position statement describes the recommendations of the Clinical Oncology Society of Australia (COSA) regarding management of cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia. A multidisciplinary working group completed a review of the literature, focused on evidence‐based guidelines, systematic reviews and meta‐analyses, to develop recommendations for the position statement. National consultation of the position statement content was undertaken through COSA members. All people with cancer should be screened for malnutrition and sarcopenia in all health settings at diagnosis and as the clinical situation changes throughout treatment and recovery. People identified as “at risk” of malnutrition or with a high‐risk cancer diagnosis or treatment plan should have a comprehensive nutrition assessment people identified as “at risk” of sarcopenia should have a comprehensive evaluation of muscle status using a combination of assessments for muscle mass, muscle strength and function. All people with cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia should have access to the core components of treatment, including medical nutrition therapy, targeted exercise prescription and physical and psychological symptom management. Treatment for cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia should be in idualised, in collaboration with the multidisciplinary team (MDT), and tailored to meet needs at each stage of cancer treatment. Health services should ensure a broad range of health care professionals across the MDT have the skills and confidence to recognise malnutrition and sarcopenia to facilitate timely referrals and treatment. The position statement is expected to provide guidance at a national level to improve the multidisciplinary management of cancer‐related malnutrition and sarcopenia.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-12-2023
DOI: 10.3390/CURRONCOL30010005
Abstract: Emerging evidence indicates an association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cancer development and mortality. Cancer treatment-induced metabolic and hepatic dysfunction may be associated with increased rates of NAFLD. The review aims to investigate current evidence surrounding NAFLD in adults (≥18 years) with cancer including prevalence, effect of cancer treatments, metabolic co-morbidities, and mortality. Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and CINAHL were searched from inception to December 2021 including randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Twenty-three articles were included, comprising 142,218 participants. The overall risk of bias for observational studies was determined as low for 10 studies and neutral for 12 studies, and the RCT was determined as some concerns. The prevalence of NAFLD, based on imaging or histology, in adults with cancer ranged from 0.5 to 81.3%, with higher prevalence in breast, colorectal and gynecological cancers. Higher rates of NAFLD were also seen in patients who (i) underwent treatments—including chemotherapy and hormone therapy and/or who (ii) had higher BMI or other metabolic co-morbidities. NAFLD was associated with an increase in all-cause and cancer-related mortality. Based on review results, it is recommended that further assessment is carried out to determine whether liver screening in high-risk patients is cost effective and if interventions can be implemented to improve hepatic and health outcomes in adults with cancer.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-10-2022
Abstract: Changes in body weight and composition (fat and lean mass) are prominent side effects of cancer treatment. Nutrition and exercise interventions are both key strategies to protect against these adverse effects, yet their impact when combined has not been comprehensively reviewed in adults with cancer. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of combined nutrition and exercise interventions on body weight and composition in adults with cancer. Four databases were searched until January 2021. Combined nutrition and exercise randomized controlled trials that detailed the nutrition and exercise prescription and reported body weight and composition outcomes were eligible. Risk of bias was assessed through the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The number of participants, mean values, and standard deviations of the outcome variables were extracted. Mean differences (MDs) were pooled using random-effects models. Predetermined subgroup analyses included cancer type, intervention intent, exercise modality, and use of behavior change strategies. Twenty-three RCTs were included. Nutrition plus exercise interventions significantly reduced body weight (MD − 2.13 kg 95%CI, − 3.07 to − 1.19), fat mass (MD − 2.06 kg 95%CI, − 3.02 to − 1.09), and lean mass (MD − 0.43 95%CI, − 0.82 to − 0.04). Subgroup analyses in women with breast cancer showed that weight loss interventions and interventions incorporating behavior change strategies significantly reduced body weight and fat mass but also reduced lean mass. Interventions aiming to maintain body weight showed no changes in body weight, as intended. Combined nutrition and exercise interventions successfully reduce body weight and fat mass in adults with cancer but also reduce lean mass. In contrast, weight loss–focused interventions are associated mostly with reduced lean mass. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020161805.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2019
DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.14276
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2021-049802
Abstract: To evaluate the implementation of a multicomponent survivorship programme for men with prostate cancer and their carers. A single cohort study, guided by the RE-AIM framework. Multiple health services in Australia. Men with prostate cancer and their carers, and health professionals. A 12-month telehealth programme that provided centralised and coordinated decision and information support, exercise and nutrition management, specialised clinical support and practical support to men and their carers. Multiple sources of data including participant-reported health outcomes and experience of care, qualitative interviews, records of the programme were collected at different time points. Reach: Of 394 eligible men at various stages of survivorship, 142 consented (36% consent rate) and 136 (96%) completed the programme. Adoption: All men participated in general care coordination and more than half participated in exercise and/or nutrition management interventions. Participation in the specialised support component (ie, psychosocial and sexual health support, continence management) was low despite the high level of need reported by men. Effectiveness: Overall, the men reported improvements in their experience of care. Implementation: Factors such as addressing service gaps, provision of specialised services, care coordination, adoption of needs-based and telehealth-based approaches were identified as enablers to the successful implementation of the programme. Issues such as insufficient integration with existing services, lack of resources and high caseload of the intervention team, men’s reluctance to discuss needs and lack of confidence with technology were barriers in implementing the programme. Survivorship interventions are relevant to men regardless of the stage of their disease and treatments undertaken. It is possible to provide access to a comprehensive model of survivorship care to promote the health and quality of life for men with prostate cancer. This study was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12617000174381).
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 31-01-2019
DOI: 10.1017/S000711451800363X
Abstract: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the most commonly reported disease- and treatment-related side effects that impede quality of life. This systematic review and meta-analysis describes the effects of nutrition therapy on CRF and quality of life in people with cancer and cancer survivors. Studies were identified from four electronic databases until September 2017. Eligibility criteria included randomised trials in cancer patients and survivors any structured dietary intervention describing quantities, proportions, varieties and frequencies of food groups or energy and macronutrient consumption targets and measures of CRF and quality of life. Standardised mean differences (SMD) were pooled using random-effects models. The American Dietetic Association’s Evidence Analysis Library Quality Checklist for Primary Research was used to evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias. A total of sixteen papers, of fifteen interventions, were included, comprising 1290 participants. Nutrition therapy offered no definitive effect on CRF (SMD 0·18 (95 % CI –0·02, 0·39)) or quality of life (SMD 0·07 (95 % CI –0·10, 0·24)). Preliminary evidence indicates plant-based dietary pattern nutrition therapy may benefit CRF (SMD 0·62 (95 % CI 0·10, 1·15)). Interventions using the patient-generated subjective global assessment tool and prescribing hypermetabolic energy and protein requirements may improve quality of life. However, the heterogeneity seen in study design, nutrition therapies, quality-of-life measures and cancer types impede definitive dietary recommendations to improve quality of life for cancer patients. There is insufficient evidence to determine the optimal nutrition care plan to improve CRF and/or quality of life in cancer patients and survivors.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-02-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S11764-023-01352-X
Abstract: Evidence-based guidelines for cancer strongly support nutrition and dietetic services for people with cancer and carers in order to improve patient-centred and health service outcomes. Access to nutrition services and information after completing active cancer treatment is relatively unknown in Australia. This study aimed to determine the availability, accessibility, barriers, and preferences to nutrition services and information after cancer treatment in Australia. Utilising mixed methods, people with cancer and carers completed a cross-sectional survey, and a sub-group of participants completed a semi-structured interview. The survey evaluated the availability of nutrition services, nutrition information searched, barriers, and preferences for nutrition information. Semi-structured interviews explored participant experience with nutrition services and information. The 149 participants (including 10 carers) were predominately male and with a diagnosis of prostate cancer (63%). Overall, 23% of participants received nutrition information from a dietitian after cancer treatment. Participants (78%) indicated that accessing a nutrition specialist is the main barrier to receiving nutrition care after treatment. Most searched nutrition information on the internet (55%) and found the information easy to understand (89%), but conflicting (52%). Thematic analysis of interviews in fourteen cancer patients revealed three key themes pertaining to (1) preferred referral and timing of nutrition services, (2) lack of confidence in publicly available nutrition information, and (3) streamlining nutrition services for greater access. Access to a dietitian and evidence-based information after cancer treatment is limited for people with cancer and carers in Australia, despite the high interest and need for ongoing nutrition care. Models of care evaluating the provision of appropriate nutrition care and information provision after cancer treatment are needed to address this unmet survivorship need.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-03-2022
Abstract: Cancer-related sarcopenia is a complex condition however, no cancer-specific clinical model is available to guide clinical practice. This study aims to (1) develop an evidence-based care pathway for the management of cancer-related sarcopenia (“sarc-pathway”) and (2) pilot test the feasibility (reach, intervention fidelity, patient and clinician acceptability) of the sarc-pathway in an inpatient cancer ward. The sarc-pathway was developed using a care pathway format and informed by the current literature. Patients admitted to a 32-bed inpatient cancer ward were recruited to receive sarc-pathway care and the feasibility outcomes were assessed. Of the 317 participants admitted, 159 were recruited over 3.5-months (median age 61 years 56.0% males). Participant consent was high (99.4% of those approached) and 30.2% were at risk of/had sarcopenia. The sarc-pathway screening, assessment and treatment components were delivered as intended however, low completion of clinical assessment measures were observed for muscle mass (bioimpedance spectroscopy, 20.5%) and muscle function (5-times chair stand test, 50.0%). The sarc-pathway was demonstrated to be acceptable to patients and multidisciplinary clinicians. In an inpatient cancer ward, the sarc-pathway is a feasible and acceptable clinical model and method to deliver and adhere to the sarcopenia clinical parameters specified, albeit with further exploration of appropriate clinical assessment measures.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 12-09-2017
DOI: 10.3390/NU9091003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-05-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-05-2021
DOI: 10.1002/PON.5729
Abstract: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing an integrated multicomponent survivorship care model for men affected by prostate cancer. Using a single arm prospective cohort study design, men with prostate cancer were recruited from two regional public hospitals in Australia for a 6‐months program that provided information and decision support, exercise and nutrition management, specialised clinical support, and practical support through localised and central care coordination. Carers of the men were also invited to the program. Data were collected from multiple sources to evaluate: (1) recruitment capability and participant characteristics (2) appropriateness and feasibility of delivering the specific intervention components using an electronic care management tool and (3) suitability of data collection procedures and proposed outcome measures. Of the 105 eligible men, 51 (consent rate 49%) participated in the program. Of the 31 carers nominated by the men, 13 consented (consent rate 42%). All carers and 50 (98%) men completed the program. Most (92%) men were newly diagnosed with localised prostate cancer. All men attended initial screening and assessment for supportive care needs a total of 838 episodes of contact/consultation were made by the intervention team either in person (9%) or remotely (91%). The intervention was implemented as proposed with no adverse events. The proposed outcome measures and evaluation procedures were found to be appropriate. Our results support the feasibility of implementing this integrated multicomponent care model for men affected by prostate cancer.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 12-02-2019
DOI: 10.2196/12281
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-07-2021
DOI: 10.3390/NU13082602
Abstract: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria are consensus criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate and compare the prevalence of malnutrition using the GLIM, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and International Statistical Classification of Diseases version 10 (ICD-10) criteria compare the level of agreement between these criteria and identify the predictive validity of each set of criteria with respect to 30-day outcomes in a large cancer cohort. GLIM, ESPEN and ICD-10 were applied to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in 2794 participants from two cancer malnutrition point prevalence studies. Agreement between the criteria was analysed using the Cohen’s Kappa statistic. Binary logistic regression models were used to determine the ability of each set of criteria to predict 30-day mortality and unplanned admission or readmission. GLIM, ESPEN and ICD-10 criteria identified 23.0%, 5.5% and 12.6% of the cohort as malnourished, respectively. Slight-to-fair agreement was reported between the criteria. All three criteria were predictive of mortality, but only the GLIM and ICD-10 criteria were predictive of unplanned admission or readmission at 30 days. The GLIM criteria identified the highest prevalence of malnutrition and had the greatest predictive ability for mortality and unplanned admission or readmission in an oncology population.
No related grants have been discovered for Brenton Baguley.