ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8346-772X
Current Organisation
Deakin University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-11-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-04-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-12-2018
DOI: 10.3390/V10120720
Abstract: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is currently only found in humans and is a satellite virus that depends on hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope proteins for assembly, release, and entry. Using meta-transcriptomics, we identified the genome of a novel HDV-like agent in ducks. Sequence analysis revealed secondary structures that were shared with HDV, including self-complementarity and ribozyme features. The predicted viral protein shares 32% amino acid similarity to the small delta antigen of HDV and comprises a ergent phylogenetic lineage. The discovery of an avian HDV-like agent has important implications for the understanding of the origins of HDV and sub-viral agents.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1111/GEER.12024
Abstract: We investigate the relationship between life satisfaction and mortality using the German Socio-Economic Panel, which allows us to follow around 15,000 people for more than two decades. Seventeen per cent of the respondents surveyed in 1984 died between 1984 and 2007. After controlling for initial health conditions, we find that people’s life satisfaction at the beginning of the survey is deeply linked to their life expectancy: a ten per cent increase in life satisfaction is connected to a four per cent decline in the probability of death in the period studied. The relationship between life satisfaction and mortality is stronger for the married and the men but life satisfaction does not matter for the women. We find some suggestive evidence that links between life satisfaction and mortality could be operating via accidents and mental health. Finally, we show that the life satisfaction measured in 1984 extends to the rest of life: people who were happier in 1984 more frequently experienced high levels of happiness in the rest of their lives. These results suggest that life satisfaction is a powerful risk-factor for later mortality and is more predictive of mortality than a host of other variables.
Publisher: Duke University Press
Date: 07-03-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S13524-015-0373-6
Abstract: This study estimates the causal effects of language proficiency on the economic and social integration of Australian immigrants. Identifying the effects of languages on socioeconomic outcomes is inherently difficult owing to the endogeneity of language skills. Using the phenomenon that younger children learn languages more easily than older children, we construct an instrumental variable for language proficiency. To achieve this, we consider the age at arrival of immigrants who came as children from Anglophone and non-Anglophone countries. We find a significant positive effect of English proficiency on wages and promotions among adults who immigrated to Australia as children. Higher levels of English proficiency are associated with increased risk-taking, more smoking, and more exercise for men, but have considerable health benefits for women. English language proficiency has a significant influence on partner choice and a number of social outcomes, as well as on children’s outcomes, including their levels of academic achievement. The results are robust to alternative specifications, including accounting for between-sibling differences and alternative measures of English skills.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-08-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.EHB.2013.12.005
Abstract: Previous research has found that as a marker of childhood circumstances, height is correlated with cognitive functioning at older ages. Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) and about 17,000 respondents from 11 countries, we find that height is positively and significantly associated with cognitive functioning in later life despite controlling for a myriad of possible confounding factors. A 10 cm increase in height is associated with a 0.04 standard deviation increase in a summary cognitive score (mean 0.02, std. dev. 0.77). We find that being born in a country where the infant mortality rate at the time of birth is high has a negative and significant influence on cognitive functioning in later life. A 10% increase in the infant mortality rate is associated with a 0.1 standard deviation decrease in the summary cognitive score. We also find some evidence that height serves as a protective factor against age related deterioration in cognitive functioning. For persons of average stature, age related decreases in cognition scores are 3-5 percentage points smaller if they move up a quartile in the height distribution. Our results also suggest that there is a significant positive association between height and cognitive abilities across countries for this pre-1950 birth cohort of respondents, with correlations ranging from 0.4 to 0.8.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2021
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.4274
Abstract: We investigate the long‐term effects of the 1944–45 Great Vietnam Famine on early‐life survivors and their offspring using census data, household survey data and historical administrative data. Unlike previous famine studies, we measure famine severity using a unique, more direct, and “plausibly exogenous” metric of food availability: province‐level excess paddy (rice) production per capita in 1944. Our study makes two novel contributions. First, we overcome several selection problems associated with the estimation of true famine effects, given the short duration and spatial variation of the Vietnamese famine. Second, we investigate the intergenerational effects of famine, focusing specifically on the occupation of the survivors' parents and the school participation of the survivors' offspring. Our preferred specification estimates generalized triple differences that allow us to control for birth‐year and birth‐province fixed effects and nation‐wide shocks. Our findings suggest that the Vietnamese famine reduced literacy by around 3 percent, BMI by 5.6%–8.4%, arm‐length by 4.5%–6.7% (1.1–1.7 cm), height by 2.2%–3.2% (3.4–5 cm), and weight by 10%–14% (4.7–6.9 kg) among the affected cohort. These detrimental famine effects also extended to economic welfare, in the form of lower household incomes and lower non‐food household expenditures in adulthood. We also document a 4.9%–7.2% reduction in school participation among survivors' offspring, which has major implications for the exogenous origins of social mobility, inequality, and poverty.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-03-2015
DOI: 10.1057/EEJ.2015.6
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2036
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-04-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-01-2013
DOI: 10.1002/HEC.1827
Abstract: Previous research using US data suggests that height, as a marker for early investments in health, is associated with better cognitive functioning in later life, but this association disappears once education is controlled for. Using an English cohort of men and women older than 50 years, we find that the association between height and cognitive outcomes remains significant after controlling for education suggesting that height affects cognitive functioning not simply via higher educational attainment. Furthermore, the significant association between height and cognitive function remains even after controls for early life indicators have been included.
No related grants have been discovered for Cahit Guven.