ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5708-751X
Current Organisations
University of Tasmania
,
University of Cambridge
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Palaeoclimatology | Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience | Oceanography | Inorganic Geochemistry | Chemical Oceanography | Physical Oceanography | Glaciology | Marine Geoscience | Isotope Geochemistry | Climate Change Processes
Effects of Climate Change and Variability on Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Environments (excl. Social Impacts) | Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences | Climate Variability (excl. Social Impacts) | Expanding Knowledge in the Environmental Sciences | Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Oceanography |
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-07-2022
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 04-2023
DOI: 10.1029/2022JG007252
Abstract: With ongoing climate change, research into the biological changes occurring in particularly vulnerable ecosystems, such as Antarctica, is critical. The Totten Glacier region, Sabrina Coast, is currently experiencing some of the highest rates of thinning across all East Antarctica. An assessment of the microscopic organisms supporting the ecosystem of the marginal sea‐ice zone over the continental rise is important, yet there is a lack of knowledge about the ersity and distribution of these organisms throughout the water column, and their occurrence and/or preservation in the underlying sediments. Here, we provide a taxonomic overview of the modern and ancient marine bacterial and eukaryotic communities of the Totten Glacier region, using a combination of 16S and 18S rRNA licon sequencing (modern DNA) and shotgun metagenomics (sedimentary ancient DNA, sed aDNA). Our data show considerable differences between eukaryote and bacterial signals in the water column versus the sediments. Proteobacteria and diatoms dominate the bacterial and eukaryote composition in the upper water column, while diatoms, dinoflagellates, and haptophytes notably decrease in relative abundance with increasing water depth. Little diatom sed aDNA is preserved in the sediments, which are instead dominated by Proteobacteria and Retaria. We compare the diatom microfossil and sed aDNA record and link the weak preservation of diatom sed aDNA to DNA degradation while sinking through the water column to the seafloor. This study provides the first assessment of DNA transfer from ocean waters to sediments and an overview of the microscopic communities occurring in the climatically important Totten Glacier region.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS11765
Abstract: Changes in deep ocean ventilation are commonly invoked as the primary cause of lower glacial atmospheric CO 2 . The water mass structure of the glacial deep Atlantic Ocean and the mechanism by which it may have sequestered carbon remain elusive. Here we present neodymium isotope measurements from cores throughout the Atlantic that reveal glacial–interglacial changes in water mass distributions. These results demonstrate the sustained production of North Atlantic Deep Water under glacial conditions, indicating that southern-sourced waters were not as spatially extensive during the Last Glacial Maximum as previously believed. We demonstrate that the depleted glacial δ 13 C values in the deep Atlantic Ocean cannot be explained solely by water mass source changes. A greater amount of respired carbon, therefore, must have been stored in the abyssal Atlantic during the Last Glacial Maximum. We infer that this was achieved by a sluggish deep overturning cell, comprised of well-mixed northern- and southern-sourced waters.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Canberra, ACT: Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 11-11-2020
DOI: 10.1029/2019RG000663
Abstract: The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is out of equilibrium with the current anthropogenic‐enhanced climate forcing. Paleoenvironmental records and ice sheet models reveal that the AIS has been tightly coupled to the climate system during the past and indicate the potential for accelerated and sustained Antarctic ice mass loss into the future. Modern observations by contrast suggest that the AIS has only just started to respond to climate change in recent decades. The maximum projected sea level contribution from Antarctica to 2100 has increased significantly since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment Report, although estimates continue to evolve with new observational and theoretical advances. This review brings together recent literature highlighting the progress made on the known processes and feedbacks that influence the stability of the AIS. Reducing the uncertainty in the magnitude and timing of the future sea level response to AIS change requires a multidisciplinary approach that integrates knowledge of the interactions between the ice sheet, solid Earth, atmosphere, and ocean systems and across time scales of days to millennia. We start by reviewing the processes affecting AIS mass change, from atmospheric and oceanic processes acting on short time scales (days to decades), through to ice processes acting on intermediate time scales (decades to centuries) and the response to solid Earth interactions over longer time scales (decades to millennia). We then review the evidence of AIS changes from the Pliocene to the present and consider the projections of global sea level rise and their consequences. We highlight priority research areas required to improve our understanding of the processes and feedbacks governing AIS change.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 24-02-2023
DOI: 10.1130/B36674.1
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-08-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.TALANTA.2019.03.086
Abstract: The isotopes of thorium (Th) and neodymium (Nd) are used as tracers in oceanography, and are key parameters in the international GEOTRACES program. The very low concentrations of Th and Nd as well as the reactive nature of Th isotopes makes the analysis of seawater s les a complex process. Analysis requires time-consuming pre-concentration from over 5 L of seawater. We describe a method to simultaneously pre-concentrate dissolved Th and Nd from acidified seawater s les using the Nobias
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 22-10-2018
Abstract: Abstract. An International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) workshop was held at Sydney University, Australia, from 13 to 16 June 2017 and was attended by 97 scientists from 12 countries. The aim of the workshop was to investigate future drilling opportunities in the eastern Indian Ocean, southwestern Pacific Ocean, and the Indian and Pacific sectors of the Southern Ocean. The overlying regional sedimentary strata are underexplored relative to their Northern Hemisphere counterparts, and thus the role of the Southern Hemisphere in past global environmental change is poorly constrained. A total of 23 proposal ideas were discussed, with ∼ 12 of these deemed mature enough for active proposal development or awaiting scheduled site survey cruises. Of the remaining 11 proposals, key regions were identified where fundamental hypotheses are testable by drilling, but either site surveys are required or hypotheses need further development. Refinements are anticipated based upon regional IODP drilling in 2017/2018, analysis of recently collected site survey data, and the development of site survey proposals. We hope and expect that this workshop will lead to a new phase of scientific ocean drilling in the Australasian region in the early 2020s.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-08-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 15-07-2008
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 11-2020
DOI: 10.1029/2020GC009156
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 22-04-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-07-2017
DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS16010
Abstract: While the ocean’s large-scale overturning circulation is thought to have been significantly different under the climatic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the exact nature of the glacial circulation and its implications for global carbon cycling continue to be debated. Here we use a global array of ocean–atmosphere radiocarbon disequilibrium estimates to demonstrate a ∼689±53 14 C-yr increase in the average residence time of carbon in the deep ocean at the LGM. A predominantly southern-sourced abyssal overturning limb that was more isolated from its shallower northern counterparts is interpreted to have extended from the Southern Ocean, producing a widespread radiocarbon age maximum at mid-depths and depriving the deep ocean of a fast escape route for accumulating respired carbon. While the exact magnitude of the resulting carbon cycle impacts remains to be confirmed, the radiocarbon data suggest an increase in the efficiency of the biological carbon pump that could have accounted for as much as half of the glacial–interglacial CO 2 change.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-01-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 2015
End Date: 2016
Funder: Department of Environment (Cwth)
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2014
End Date: 2014
Funder: Australian and New Zealand Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Consortium
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 12-2022
End Date: 11-2025
Amount: $523,674.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 05-2022
End Date: 06-2025
Amount: $456,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 08-2021
End Date: 12-2027
Amount: $20,000,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity