ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8358-3237
Current Organisations
Southwest University
,
University of Tasmania
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Public Health and Health Services | Health Promotion | Epidemiology | Public Health And Health Services Not Elsewhere Classified | Epidemiology | Preventive Medicine | Health Promotion |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Nutrition | Behaviour and Health | Preventive Medicine | Child health | Rural health | Behaviour and health
Related Links
Publications
Dual encapsulation of β-carotene by β-cyclodextrin and chitosan for 3D printing application
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2022.132088
Abstract: Dual encapsulation of β-carotene (CAT) by β-cyclodextrin (CCLD) and chitosan (CS) are prepared via self-assembly process by special addition order and concentration. CCLD and CS alone could not effectively stabilize CAT, while CAT could be encapsulated in cavity of CCLD and the inclusion complex could be further strengthened by CS, due to hydrogen-bonding between CCLD and CS via groups including NH
Improved preparation of MoS2/graphene composites and their inks for supercapacitors applications
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Incentivising public transport use for physical activity gain: process evaluation of the COVID-19 disrupted trips4health randomised controlled trial
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-12-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-022-01394-X
Abstract: Partnering with a public transport (PT) provider, state government, and local government, the single-blinded randomised controlled trial, trips4health, investigated the impact of PT use incentives on transport-related physical activity (PA) in Tasmania, Australia. The intervention involved 16-weeks of incentives (bus trip credits) for achieving weekly PT use targets, supported by weekly text messages. This study objective was to conduct a process evaluation of the COVID-19 disrupted trips4health study. The Medical Research Council UK’s framework for complex public health interventions guided the process evaluation. Participant reach, acceptability, fidelity and feasibility were evaluated. Administrative and post-intervention survey data were analysed descriptively. Semi-structured interviews with intervention participants ( n = 7) and PT provider staff ( n = 4) were analysed thematically. Due to COVID-19, trips4health was placed on hold (March 2020) then stopped (May 2020) as social restrictions impacted PT use. At study cessation, 116 participants (approximately one third of target s le) had completed baseline measures, 110 were randomised, and 64 ( n = 29 in the intervention group n = 35 in the control group) completed post-intervention measures. Participants were 18 – 80 years (average 44.5 years) with females (69%) and those with tertiary education (55%) over-represented. The intervention was delivered with high fidelity with 96% of bus trip credits and 99% of behavioural text messages sent as intended. Interviewed PT staff said implementation was highly feasible. Intervention participant acceptability was high with 90% reporting bus trip incentives were helpful and 59% reporting the incentives motivated them to use PT more. From a total of 666 possible bus trip targets, 56% were met with 38% of intervention participants agreeing and 41% disagreeing that ‘Meeting the bus trip targets was easy’. Interviews and open-ended survey responses from intervention participants revealed incentives motivated bus use but social (e.g., household member commitments) and systemic (e.g., bus availability) factors made meeting bus trip targets challenging. trips4health demonstrated good acceptability and strong fidelity and feasibility. Future intervention studies incentivising PT use will need to ensure a broader demographic is reached and include more supports to meet PT targets. ACTRN12619001136190 .
Do food and physical activity environments vary between disadvantaged urban and rural areas? Findings from the READI Study
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1071/HE12153
Abstract: The presence or absence of amenities in local neighbourhood environments can either promote or restrict access to opportunities to engage in healthy and/or less healthy behaviours. Rurality is thought to constrain access to facilities and services. This study investigated whether the presence and density of environmental amenities related to physical activity and eating behaviours differs between socioeconomically disadvantaged urban and rural areas in Victoria, Australia. We undertook cross-sectional analysis of environmental data collected in 2007-08 as part of the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality (READI) study. These data were sourced and analysed for 40 urban and 40 rural socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. The variables examined were the presence, raw count, count/km2, and count/'000 population of a range of environmental amenities (fast-food restaurants, all supermarkets (also separated by major chain and other supermarkets), greengrocers, playgrounds, gyms/leisure centres, public swimming pools and public open spaces). A greater proportion of urban areas had a fast-food restaurant and gym/leisure centre present while more rural areas contained a supermarket and public swimming pool. All amenities examined (with the exception of swimming pools) were more numerous per km2 in urban areas, however rural areas had a greater number of all supermarkets, other supermarkets, playgrounds, swimming pools and public open space per '000 population. Although opportunities to engage in healthy eating and physical activity exist in many rural areas, a lower density per km2 suggests a greater travel distance may be required to reach these.
A Comparison of Subjective and Objective Measures of Physical Activity and Fitness in Identifying Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.ANNEPIDEM.2008.01.005
Abstract: To compare the ability of alternative measures of physical activity and fitness to quantify associations with health outcomes. Associations between a range of subjective and objective physical activity and fitness measures and cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using data from 1,631 Australians aged 26-36 years. Anthropometry, fitness, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipids were measured at study clinics. Participants completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and 7-day pedometer diaries they also reported sedentary behavior (sitting, television viewing). In men and women, associations were strongest for fitness, with those in the highest (vs. lowest) fitness quarter having a 75% to 80% lower prevalence of two or more primary risk factors (waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulin resistance). In men, a 60% to 70% reduced prevalence of two or more risk factors was observed across extreme quarters of IPAQ leisure, IPAQ vigorous, sitting duration, and pedometer measures. Similar reductions in prevalence were observed only across extreme quarters of pedometer activity and television viewing in women. Associations between alternative measures and cardiometabolic risk were relatively independent, suggesting that a range of physical activity and fitness measures may be needed to most accurately quantify associations between physical activity and health.
Cleland et al. Respond to Physical Activity Over the Life Course
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 18-09-2009
DOI: 10.1093/AJE/KWP274
Decline in Physical Fitness From Childhood to Adulthood Associated With Increased Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Adults
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Date: 23-12-2008
DOI: 10.2337/DC08-1638
Abstract: To examine how fitness in both childhood and adulthood is associated with adult obesity and insulin resistance. A prospective cohort study set in Australia in 2004–2006 followed up a cohort of 647 adults who had participated in the Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey in 1985 and who had undergone anthropometry and cardiorespiratory fitness assessment during the survey. Outcome measures were insulin resistance and obesity, defined as a homeostasis model assessment index above the 75th sex-specific percentile and BMI ≥30 kg/m2, respectively. Lower levels of child cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with increased odds of adult obesity (adjusted odds ratio [OR] per unit decrease 3.0 [95% CI 1.6–5.6]) and insulin resistance (1.7 [1.1–2.6]). A decline in fitness level between childhood and adulthood was associated with increased obesity (4.5 [2.6–7.7]) and insulin resistance (2.1 [1.5–2.9]) per unit decline. A decline in fitness from childhood to adulthood, and by inference a decline in physical activity, is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in adulthood. Programs aimed at maintaining high childhood physical activity levels into adulthood may have potential for reducing the burden of obesity and type 2 diabetes in adults.
Childhood Factors Associated with Muscular Strength Trajectories between Childhood and Mid-Adulthood
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-07-2022
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002990
Abstract: To promote greater muscular strength across the life course and, in turn, help improve long-term health outcomes, strategies aimed at increasing muscular strength are required. To inform these strategies, this study identified childhood factors associated with muscular strength trajectories. Prospective longitudinal study of 1280 Childhood Determinants of Adult Health participants who had a range of potentially modifiable factors (e.g., anthropometric measures, physical activity) and health and risk motivation items (e.g., attitudes, beliefs, and intentions on health-related actions) measured in childhood and had their muscular strength assessed up to three times between childhood and midlife. Associations between childhood factors and three predetermined life course muscular strength trajectories (identified previously using group-base trajectory modeling as follows: above average and increasing, average, and below average and decreasing) were examined using log multinomial regression. Greater physical fitness, physical activity, fat-free mass, enjoyment of physical activity, physical education, and school sports, and positive attitudes regarding the importance of exercising, staying fit, and body image were associated with a lower likelihood of being in the below average and decreasing muscular strength trajectory (relative risk range, 0.45–0.98). Greater physical fitness, physical activity, and fat-free mass, and attending an independent school were associated with a higher likelihood of being in the above average and increasing muscular strength trajectory (relative risk range, 1.03–1.93). In addition to providing health benefits in the short term, physical activity, physical fitness, positive health attitudes, and healthy weight in childhood may lead to better muscular strength in the long term.
Childhood factors related to diverging body mass index trajectories from childhood into mid-adulthood: A mixed methods study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Physical Activity and Healthy Weight Maintenance From Childhood to Adulthood
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2008
DOI: 10.1038/OBY.2008.215
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine whether change in physical activity was associated with maintaining a healthy weight from childhood to adulthood. This prospective cohort study examined 1,594 young Australian adults (48.9% female) aged 27-36 years who were first examined at age 9-15 years as part of a national health and fitness survey. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight, and physical activity was self-reported at both time points pedometers were also used at follow-up. Change in physical activity was characterized by calculating the difference between baseline and follow-up z-scores. Change scores were categorized as decreasing (large, moderate), stable, or increasing (large, moderate). Healthy weight was defined in childhood as a BMI less than international overweight cutoff points, and in adulthood as BMI<25 kg/m(2). Healthy weight maintainers were healthy weight at both time points. Compared with those who demonstrated large relative decreases in physical activity, females in all other groups were 25-37% more likely to be healthy weight maintainers, although associations differed according to the physical activity measure used at follow-up and few reached statistical significance. Although younger males whose relative physical activity moderately or largely increased were 27-34% more likely to be healthy weight maintainers than those whose relative physical activity largely decreased, differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, relatively increasing and stable physical activity from childhood to adulthood was only weakly associated with healthy weight maintenance. Examining personal, social, and environmental factors associated with healthy weight maintenance will be an important next step in understanding why some groups avoid becoming overweight.
Three-year change in diet quality and associated changes in BMI among schoolchildren living in socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 28-04-2014
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114514000749
Abstract: Findings from research that has assessed the influence of dietary factors on child obesity have been equivocal. In the present study, we aimed to test the hypothesis that a positive change in diet quality is associated with favourable changes in BMI z -scores (zBMI) in schoolchildren from low socio-economic backgrounds and to examine whether this effect is modified by BMI category at baseline. The present study utilised data from a subs le ( n 216) of the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality study, a longitudinal cohort study with data collected in 2007–8 (T1) and 2010–11 (T2) in socio-economically disadvantaged women and children (5–12 years at T1). Dietary data were collected using a FFQ and diet quality index (DQI) scores derived at both time points. The objective measures of weight, height and physical activity (accelerometers) were included. The other variables were reported in the questionnaires. We examined the association between change in DQI and change in zBMI, using linear regression analyses adjusted for physical activity, screen sedentary behaviour and maternal education level both in the whole s le and in the s le stratified by overweight status at baseline. After accounting for potential covariates, change in diet quality was found to be inversely associated with change in zBMI only in children who were overweight at baseline ( P = 0·035), thus supporting the hypothesis that improvement in diet quality is associated with a concurrent improvement in zBMI among already overweight children, but not among those with a normal BMI status. The identification of modifiable behaviours such as diet quality that affect zBMI longitudinally is valuable to inform future weight gain prevention interventions in vulnerable groups.
Factors associated with physical activity promotion by allied and other non-medical health professionals: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.PEC.2018.05.011
Abstract: To identify factors associated with non-medical health professionals' engagement in physical activity (PA) promotion. Five electronic databases were searched for studies including practising health professionals (excluding medical doctors), a PA promotion practice measure, a test of association between potential influencing factors and PA promotion practice, and written in English. Two researchers independently screened studies and extracted data. Extracted data were synthesized in a tabular format with a narrative summary (thematic analysis). Thirty studies involving 7734 non-medical health professionals were included. Self-efficacy in PA promotion, positive beliefs in the benefits of PA, assessing patients' PA, and PA promotion training were the main factors associated with engaging in PA promotion. Lack of remuneration was not associated. Common study limitations included a lack of information on non-responders, data collection by survey only and limited reliability or validity testing of measurements. There are common factors influencing PA promotion, but the absence of studies from some health professions, limitations related to study measures, and the lack of randomised controlled intervention trials highlights the need for further research. The factors identified may prove useful for guiding the development of strategies to encourage greater engagement in PA promotion by health professionals.
Socioeconomic Position and the Tracking of Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness From Childhood to Adulthood
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 18-09-2009
DOI: 10.1093/AJE/KWP271
Abstract: This study examined the influence of childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) and social mobility on activity and fitness tracking from childhood into adulthood. In a prospective cohort of 2,185 Australian adults (aged 26-36 years), first examined in 1985 (at ages 7-15 years), self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (subs le only) were measured. SEP measures included retrospectively reported parental education (baseline) and own education (follow-up). There was little evidence of a relation between childhood SEP and activity tracking, but high childhood SEP (maternal education) was associated with a 59% increased likelihood of persistent fitness, and medium childhood SEP (paternal and parental education) was associated with a 33%-36% decreased likelihood of persistent fitness. Upward social mobility was associated with a greater likelihood of increasing activity (38%-49%) and fitness (90%), and persistently high SEP was associated with a greater likelihood of increasing activity (males: 58%) and fitness (males and females combined: 89%). In conclusion, persistently high SEP and upward social mobility were associated with increases in activity and fitness from childhood to adulthood. Findings highlight socioeconomic differentials in activity and fitness patterns and suggest that improvements in education may represent a pathway through which physical activity levels can be increased and health benefits achieved.
Fabrication of cross-linked β-lactoglobulin nanoparticles as effective stabilizers for Pickering high internal phase emulsions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Factors associated with persistently high muscular power from childhood to adulthood
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 30-07-2020
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002108
Abstract: Child and adult muscular power have been shown to associate with contemporary cardiometabolic health. Muscular power typically persists (tracks) between childhood and adulthood. Few studies span childhood to adulthood, so we aimed to identify modifiable and environmental factors associated with the persistence or change in muscular power across the life course. Prospective study examining 1938 participants who had their muscular power (standing long jump distance) measured in 1985 as children 7–15 yr old and again 20 yr later in adulthood (26–36 yr old). A selection of objectively measured anthropometric characteristics (adiposity and fat-free mass), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), self-reported physical activity, dietary (quality and fruit, vegetable, and protein intake), and sociodemographic data were available at both time points. Muscular power was separated into thirds, and participants were reported as having persistently low, decreasing, persistently moderate, increasing, or persistently high muscular power. Higher adiposity, lower physical activity, diet quality and socioeconomic status (SES) across the life course, and lower adult CRF were associated with persistently low muscular power. Lower adult protein intake and an increase in adiposity over time were associated with decreasing muscular power. An increase in fat-free mass was associated with a reduced probability of decreasing or persistently high muscular power and an increased probability of increasing muscular power. Higher adult fruit intake was associated with increasing muscular power. Lower adiposity across the life course, higher adult CRF and SES, and higher child protein intake were associated with persistently high muscular power. Healthy weight, good CRF, greater protein intake, and high SES are important correlates of high muscular power maintained from childhood to adulthood.
Predictors of time spent outdoors among children: 5-year longitudinal findings
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 23-09-2010
Abstract: Given the importance of physical activity for health and age-related declines in physical activity, understanding influences on related behaviours, such as time outdoors, is crucial. This study aimed to understand in idual, social and physical environmental influences on longitudinal changes in urban children's time outdoors. The time children spent outdoors in 2001, 2004 and 2006 (aged 5-6 and 10-12 years at baseline) was reported by their parents (n=421). In 2001, in idual, social and physical environmental factors were self-reported by parents. Generalized estimating equations examined longitudinal relationships between baseline predictors and average change in time outdoors over 5 years. Children's time outdoors significantly declined over time. "Indoor tendencies" inversely predicted time outdoors among younger and older boys, and younger girls. Social opportunities positively predicted time outdoors among younger boys, while "outdoor tendencies" positively predicted time outdoors among older boys. Parental encouragement for activity positively predicted time outdoors among younger and older girls, while lack of adult supervision for active play outdoors after school inversely predicted time outdoors among older girls and older boys. In idual (indoor and outdoor tendencies) and social factors (social opportunities, parental encouragement and parental supervision) predicted children's time outdoors over 5 years. Interventions targeting reduced indoor tendencies, increased outdoor play with others, and increased parental encouragement and supervision are warranted.
49 Trends in children's active commuting, school sport and physical education in high and low socioeconomic status areas of Melbourne, Victoria: 1985-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2005
Is a perceived supportive physical environment important for self-reported leisure time physical activity among socioeconomically disadvantaged women with poor psychosocial characteristics? An observa
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-03-2013
Abstract: Over the past decade, studies and public health interventions that target the physical environment as an avenue for promoting physical activity have increased in number. While it appears that a supportive physical environment has a role to play in promoting physical activity, social-ecological models emphasise the importance of considering other multiple levels of influence on behaviour, including in idual (e.g. self-efficacy, intentions, enjoyment) and social (e.g. social support, access to childcare) factors (psychosocial factors). However, not everyone has these physical activity-promoting psychosocial characteristics it remains unclear what contribution the environment makes to physical activity among these groups. This study aimed to examine the association between the perceived physical environment and self-reported leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas demonstrating different psychosocial characteristics. In 2007–8, 3765 women (18–45 years) randomly selected from low socioeconomic areas in Victoria, Australia, self-reported LTPA, and in idual, social and physical environmental factors hypothesised within a social-ecological framework to influence LTPA. Psychosocial and environment scores were created. Associations between environment scores and categories of LTPA (overall and stratified by thirds of perceived environment scores) were examined using generalised ordered logistic regression. Women with medium and high perceived environment scores had 20-38% and 44-70% greater odds respectively of achieving higher levels of LTPA than women with low environment scores. When stratified by thirds of psychosocial factor scores, these associations were largely attenuated and mostly became non-significant. However, women with the lowest psychosocial scores but medium or high environment scores had 76% and 58% higher odds respectively of achieving ≥120 minutes/week (vs. minutes/week) LTPA. Acknowledging the cross-sectional study design, the findings suggest that a physical environment perceived to be supportive of physical activity might help women with less favourable psychosocial characteristics achieve moderate amounts of LTPA (i.e. ≥120 minutes/week). This study provides further support for research and public health interventions to target perceptions of the physical environment as a key component of strategies to promote physical activity.
Understanding the physical activity promotion behaviours of podiatrists: a qualitative study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-09-2013
Obesity prevention programs and policies: Practitioner and policy‐maker perceptions of feasibility and effectiveness
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-05-2013
DOI: 10.1002/OBY.20172
Abstract: The aims of this study were to map obesity prevention activity being implemented by government, non-government, and community-based organizations to determine practitioner and policy-maker perceptions of the feasibility and effectiveness of a range of evidence-based obesity prevention strategies and to determine practitioner and policy-maker perceptions of preferred settings for obesity prevention strategies. This study involved a cross-sectional survey of 304 public health practitioners and policy-makers from government, non-government, and community organizations across Victoria, Australia. Participants reported their organizations' current obesity prevention programs and policies, their own perceptions of the feasibility and effectiveness of strategies to prevent obesity and their preferred settings for obesity prevention. Thirty-nine percent had an obesity prevention policy, and 92% were implementing obesity prevention programs. The most common programs focused on education, skill-building, and increasing access to healthy eating hysical activity opportunities. School curriculum-based initiatives, social support for physical activity, and family-based programs were considered the most effective strategies, whereas curriculum-based initiatives, active after-school programs, and providing access to and information about physical activity facilities were deemed the most feasible strategies. Schools were generally perceived as the most preferred setting for obesity prevention. Many organizations had obesity prevention programs, but far fewer had obesity prevention policies. Current strategies and those considered feasible and effective are often mismatched with the empirical literature. Systems to ensure better alignment between researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers, and identifying effective methods of translating empirical evidence into practice and policy are required.
Correlates and determinants of transport-related physical activity among adults: an interdisciplinary systematic review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-022-13937-9
Abstract: Transport-related physical activity (TRPA) has been identified as a way to increase physical activity due to its discretionary and habitual nature. Factors thought to influence TRPA span multiple disciplines and are rarely systematically considered in unison. This systematic review aimed to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal factors associated with adult TRPA across multiple research disciplines. Using four electronic databases, a systematic search of English, peer-reviewed literature from 2010 – 2020 was performed. Studies quantitatively examining factors associated with the outcome of adult TRPA were eligible. Seventy-three studies ( n = 66 cross-sectional n = 7 longitudinal) were included, cumulatively reporting data from 1,278,632 observations. Thirty-six factors were examined for potential association with TRPA and presented in a social-ecological framework: in idual ( n = 15), social ( n = 3), and environmental ( n = 18). Seven factors were found to be consistently associated with higher adult TRPA: lower socio-economic status, higher self-efficacy, higher social normalization, lower distance of travel, higher destination concentration, more streetlighting, and higher public transportation frequency with a greater number of terminals near route start and endpoints. This is the first comprehensive compilation of the correlates and determinants of adult TRPA. Seven in idual, social, and environmental factors demonstrated consistent associations with TRPA. Models formed using these factors may facilitate more effective promotion of TRPA. There is a lack of longitudinal studies as well as studies assessing cognitive/attitudinal and social factors, highlighting gaps for further research. Those developing policies and strategies targeting TRPA need to consider a range of factors at the in idual, social, and environmental level to maximise the likelihood of effectiveness.
Overweight and obesity from childhood to adulthood: a follow‐up of participants in the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 05-2007
DOI: 10.5694/J.1326-5377.2007.TB00997.X
Abstract: To examine overweight and obesity in Australian children followed through to adulthood. A cohort study of 8498 children aged 7-15 years who participated in the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey of these, 2208 men and 2363 women completed a follow-up questionnaire at age 24-34 years in 2001-2005. Height and weight were measured in 1985, and self-reported at follow-up. The accuracy of self-reported data was checked in 1185 participants. Overweight and obesity in childhood were defined according to international standard definitions for body mass index (BMI), and, in adulthood, as a BMI of 25-29.9 and > or =30 kg/m2, respectively, after correcting for self-report error. In those with baseline and follow-up data, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood was 8.3% and 1.5% in boys and 9.7% and 1.4% in girls, respectively. At follow-up, the prevalence was 40.1% and 13.0% in men and 19.7% and 11.7% in women. The relative risk (RR) of becoming an obese adult was significantly greater for those who had been obese as children compared with those who had been a healthy weight (RR = 4.7 95% CI, 3.0-7.2 for boys and RR = 9.2 95% CI, 6.9-12.3 for girls). The proportion of adult obesity attributable to childhood obesity was 6.4% in males and 12.6% in females. Obesity in childhood was strongly predictive of obesity in early adulthood, but most obese young adults were a healthy weight as children.
Transglutaminase modified type A gelatin gel: The influence of intra-molecular and inter-molecular cross-linking on structure-properties
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2022.133578
Abstract: In this work, the structure-property differences and mechanisms of gelatin induced by transglutaminase (TGase) covalent cross-linking were investigated. The results showed that higher hardness was obtained with a cross-linking degree of 13.55%, attributing to an active intra-molecular cross-linking and a tight network structure under a certain amount of triple helix-like structure. The inter-molecular cross-linking played a positive role in the transition from random coil to left-handed single helix chains, while triple helix-like structure could not been formed owing to the steric hindrance and hydrogen bond reduction, showing the decrease of hardness and increase of viscosity. Additionally, the ε-(γ-Glu)-Lys isopeptide bond significantly increased the initial degradation temperature. Macromolecular polymers with a cross-linking degree of 37.48% allowed sol state of gelatin gel could be maintained even heating at 100 ℃ for 10 min. This study might provide an innovative reference for the regulation and application of gelatin gel structure-properties.
Maintaining participation in physical activity from childhood to young adulthood. Is fluctuating participation the norm?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Lifestyle behaviours associated with 5-year weight gain in a prospective cohort of Australian adults aged 26-36 years at baseline
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-01-2017
A qualitative study of environmental factors important for physical activity in rural adults
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 10-11-2015
Highly conductive carbon-based aqueous inks toward electroluminescent devices, printed capacitive sensors and flexible wearable electronics
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1039/C9RA01721F
Abstract: Carbon-based conductive inks are one of the most important materials in the field of printing electronics.
Abstract MP66: Body Mass Index Trajectories From Childhood to Adulthood: Evidence From the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-03-2019
DOI: 10.1161/CIRC.139.SUPPL_1.MP66
Abstract: Background: Understanding body mass index (BMI) trajectories across the lifecourse may help identify risk of overweight or obesity and strategic points for preventive interventions. We describe BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood in four population-based cohorts established in the 1970s-80s and their sociodemographic correlates. Methods: Data were from 12,086 participants (45% male) from four cohorts established in Australia, Finland and the US. Participants had ≥3 measures of height and weight, including ≥1 in childhood (6-18 years, mean 9.7 to 11.1 years at first visit) and ≥1 in adulthood (mean 40.0 to 50.9 years at last visit). Latent Class Growth Mixture Modelling estimated BMI trajectory groups. Correlates (age, gender, race, parental education) of BMI trajectories were identified with log multinomial regression. Results: Mean BMI ranged from 17.8-18.3 kg/m 2 at first visit and 26.4-30.2 kg/m 2 at last visit. Six BMI trajectories (Figure) were identified in three cohorts: persistently normal (48-57% of participants), improving from high (1-2%), progressing to overweight (30-39%), progressing to obese (1-8%), late onset obese (2-6%), and progressing to severe obesity (1-3%). One cohort had a seventh group: greatly improving ( %). Women were less likely to progress to overweight and more likely to progress to obese than men. Black participants were at greater risk of progressing to obesity, severe obesity and late onset obesity than white participants. Improving from high BMI was associated with being younger at first visit and lower parental education. Conclusion: Similar BMI trajectories were identified across cohorts, countries and time, despite different BMI distributions. Females and black Americans were most likely to be of high BMI at the end of follow-up. Few participants (≤2%) improved from high BMI. A better understanding of the factors that influence the highest and improving BMI trajectories may help identify risk reduction strategies.
A mixed-methods study of the demographic and behavioural correlates of walking to a more distant bus stop
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity and/or decrease sedentary behaviour among rural adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-04-2017
DOI: 10.1111/OBR.12533
Abstract: Physical inactivity and overweight and obesity are more prevalent among rural than urban populations. This study aimed to review published evidence of the effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity (PA) and/or decrease sedentary behaviour (SB) among rural adults and to identify factors associated with effectiveness. Seven electronic databases were searched for controlled trials of a PA or SB intervention. Meta-analysis was conducted using random effects models and meta-regression. Thirteen studies were included in the qualitative synthesis (n = 4,848 participants) and 12 in the meta-analysis (n = 4,820). All studies were interventions to increase PA. Overall, there was no effect on PA (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.11 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.04, 0.25) or SB (SMD 0.07 95% CI -0.33, 0.20). In PA subgroup analyses, studies employing objective outcome measures demonstrated effects in favour of the intervention (SMD 0.65, 95% CI 0.30, 1.00), while those using self-reported measures did not (SMD 0.00 95% CI -0.11, 0.10). This review highlights significant gaps in our understanding of how best to promote PA and reduce SB among rural adults. Future studies should use objective measures of PA as study outcomes. The absence of interventions to decrease SB is of concern, with immediate action required to address this large knowledge gap.
Emerging Chitosan-Based Films for Food Packaging Applications
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-01-2018
Abstract: Recent years have witnessed great developments in biobased polymer packaging films for the serious environmental problems caused by the petroleum-based nonbiodegradable packaging materials. Chitosan is one of the most abundant biopolymers after cellulose. Chitosan-based materials have been widely applied in various fields for their biological and physical properties of biocompatibility, biodegradability, antimicrobial ability, and easy film forming ability. Different chitosan-based films have been fabricated and applied in the field of food packaging. Most of the review papers related to chitosan-based films are focusing on antibacterial food packaging films. Along with the advances in the nanotechnology and polymer science, numerous strategies, for instance direct casting, coating, dipping, layer-by-layer assembly, and extrusion, have been employed to prepare chitosan-based films with multiple functionalities. The emerging food packaging applications of chitosan-based films as antibacterial films, barrier films, and sensing films have achieved great developments. This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in the preparation and application of engineered chitosan-based films in food packaging fields.
Authors’ Response to the Letter to the Editor: Parkrun and the Claim of “Elitism” in Paid-Entry Run/Walk Events
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-04-2020
Effect of drying methods on the solubility and amphiphilicity of room temperature soluble gelatin extracted by microwave-rapid freezing-thawing coupling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
A cross-sectional study of geographic differences in health risk factors among young Australian adults: The role of socioeconomic position
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2014
Results from the Australian 2022 Report Card on physical activity for children and young people
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
“I love having a healthy lifestyle – a qualitative study investigating body mass index trajectories from childhood to mid-adulthood
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-05-2019
Improved properties of gelatin films involving transglutaminase cross-linking and ethanol dehydration: The self-assembly role of chitosan and montmorillonite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
A prospective study of the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on activities and mobility upon physical activity, travel behaviour and attitudes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Preparation and characterization of gelatin films by transglutaminase cross-linking combined with ethanol precipitation or Hofmeister effect
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Longitudinal associations between TV viewing and BMI not explained by the ‘mindless eating’ or ‘physical activity displacement’ hypotheses among adults
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2018
A scoping review: global health literacy interventions for pregnant women and mothers with young children
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-07-2022
Abstract: The World Health Organization is focused on enhancing health literacy (HL) throughout the life-course to address the growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) globally. Pregnancy and early motherhood offer a window of opportunity to address NCDs risk earlier in the life-course. Empowering women through HL may help to reduce the intergenerational impact of NCDs. A scoping review of the international literature was conducted to identify HL interventions that focused on improving NCD-related health outcomes or health behaviors of pregnant women and/or mothers with young children. The search was conducted on 4 databases and identified 5019 articles. After full text screening, 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. No study acknowledged their intervention as an HL intervention, even though they were assessed as targeting various HL dimensions. Only one study measured the HL of mothers. The review suggests that HL interventions are being underutilized and highlight the need to create awareness about the importance of addressing HL of pregnant women and mothers using appropriate tools to understand HL strengths and challenges in achieving healthy lifestyle practices. This can help to co-design locally responsive solutions that may enable women to make informed healthier lifestyle choices for themselves and for their children and thus may accelerate prevention of NCDs globally.
Triple-induced gardenia fruit extract-enriched gelatin/polysaccharides microgels for O/W emulsions, and food 3D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Parental exercise is associated with Australian children's extracurricular sports participation and cardiorespiratory fitness: a cross-sectional study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2005
Health, Behavioral, Cognitive, and Social Correlates of Breakfast Skipping among Women Living in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Abstract: Breakfast skipping is a potentially modifiable behavior that has negative effects on health and is socioeconomically patterned. This study aimed to examine the intrapersonal (health, behavioral, and cognitive) and social factors associated with breakfast skipping. Nonpregnant women (n = 4123) aged 18-45 y from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods throughout Victoria, Australia, completed a postal questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics, diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and cognitive and social factors were assessed by self-report. Breakfast skipping was defined in 2 ways: 1) "rarely/never" eating breakfast (n = 498) and 2) eating breakfast ≤2 d/wk (includes those who rarely/never ate breakfast n = 865). Poisson regression was used to calculate prevalence ratios and linear trends, adjusting for covariates. The P values for linear trends are reported below. Compared with breakfast consumers, women who reported rarely/never eating breakfast tended to have poorer self-rated health (P-trend < 0.001), be current smokers (P-trend < 0.001), pay less attention to health (P-trend < 0.001), not prioritize their own healthy eating when busy looking after their family (P-trend < 0.001), have less nutrition knowledge (P-trend < 0.001), and a lower proportion were trying to control their weight (P-trend < 0.020). When breakfast skipping was defined as eating breakfast ≤2 d/wk, additional associations were found for having lower leisure-time physical activity (P-trend = 0.012) and less self-efficacy for eating a healthy diet (P-trend < 0.043). In conclusion, a range of intrapersonal and social factors were significantly associated with breakfast skipping among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Acknowledging the cross-sectional design and need for causal confirmation, programs that aim to promote breakfast consumption in this population group should consider targeting family-related barriers to healthy eating and nutrition knowledge.
A longitudinal study of the family environment and youth physical activity
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.4278/AJHP.090303-QUAN-93
Abstract: Although the family environment is a potentially important influence on children's physical activity (PA), prospective data investigating these associations are lacking. This study aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between the family environment and PA among youth. A 5-year prospective cohort study. Nineteen randomly selected public schools in Melbourne, Australia. Families of 5- to 6-year-old (n = 190) and 10- to 12-year-old (n = 350) children. In 2001, parents reported their participation in PA, family-based PA, and support and reinforcement for their child's PA. In 2001, 2004, and 2006, moderate to vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) was assessed among youth using accelerometers. Weekend and “critical window” (after school until 6:00 P.M.) MVPA were examined because we hypothesized that the family environment would most likely influence these behaviors. Generalized estimating equations predicted average change in MVPA over 5 years from baseline family environment factors. Maternal role modeling was positively associated with boys' critical window and weekend (younger boys) MVPA. Paternal reinforcement of PA was positively associated with critical window and weekend MVPA among all boys, and paternal direct support was positively associated with weekend MVPA (older boys). Among girls, maternal coparticipation in PA predicted critical window MVPA, and sibling coparticipation in PA was directly associated with weekend MVPA (younger girls). Longitudinal relationships, although weak in magnitude, were observed between the family environment and MVPA among youth. Interventions promoting maternal role modeling, paternal reinforcement of and support for PA, and maternal and sibling coparticipation in PA with youth are warranted. (Am J Health Promot 2011 [3]:159–167.)
Factors Affecting the Stability of Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Levels From Youth to Adulthood: Evidence from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1001/ARCHPEDIATRICS.2010.246
Abstract: To examine the effect of lifestyle changes on the stability of blood lipid and lipoprotein levels from youth to adulthood. Prospective cohort study. Australia. Five hundred thirty-nine young adults who underwent measurement at baseline in 1985 when aged 9, 12, or 15 years and again at follow-up between 2004 and 2006. Changes in adiposity, cardiorespiratory fitness, saturated fat intake, smoking, and socioeconomic position. Child and adult blood lipid levels. Using established cut points, we found that substantial proportions of in iduals with high-risk blood lipid and lipoprotein levels at baseline no longer had high-risk levels at follow-up. Of the participants who had high-risk levels in youth, those with greater increases in adiposity or who commenced or continued smoking were more likely to maintain high-risk blood lipid and lipoprotein levels (P < .05). Participants who became high risk at follow-up had greater increases in adiposity, were less likely to improve their socioeconomic position, and tended to become less fit between surveys compared with those who maintained normal-risk levels (P ≤ .05). These effects tended to remain (P ≤ .10) after adjustment for all predictive lifestyle variables. Unhealthy lifestyle changes that occur between youth and adulthood affect whether an in idual maintains, loses, or develops high-risk blood lipid and lipoprotein levels in adulthood. Interventions that promote weight control in the first instance, but also physical activity, not smoking, and improved socioeconomic position in the transition from youth to adulthood, are likely to be of benefit in preventing adult dyslipidemia.
Patterns and predictors of television viewing and computer use among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods: A prospective cohort study
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 12-2021
Abstract: Background : Socioeconomically disadvantaged women are at an increased risk of sedentary behaviors including television (TV) viewing and computer use, so identifying determinants of these behaviors is important. Methods : Women (n = 4349) self-reported weekly TV and computer time (in minutes per week), sociodemographic, and health data at 3 time points (2007–2013). Mixed-effect negative binomial regression was used to determine the baseline determinants of TV viewing and computer use over time, adjusting for confounders. Results : Over 5 years, median TV viewing decreased while median computer time increased. Cross-sectionally TV viewing was highest among participants classified as obese, with poorer health, current smokers, with lower education, not working, with no income, without partners and with no children and computer time was greater among younger women, living in urban areas, working full time, with higher education, without partners and with no children. Average computer time per year increased among those not working (7%), with lower education (5%), and with children (5%) but decreased among those with higher education (1%). However, no factors were associated with a change in TV viewing over time. Conclusion : Among socioeconomically disadvantaged women, interventions aimed at preventing increases in computer time should consider women with lower education, not working, and with children in their design.
Partnering and parenting transitions in Australian men and women: associations with changes in weight, domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviours
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Which domains of childhood physical activity predict physical activity in adulthood? A 20-year prospective tracking study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 05-12-2011
DOI: 10.1136/BJSPORTS-2011-090508
Abstract: It is important to examine how childhood physical activity is related to adult physical activity in order to best tailor physical activity-promotion strategies. The time- and resource-intensive nature of studies spanning childhood into adulthood means the understanding of physical activity trajectories over this time span is limited. This study aimed to determine whether childhood domain-specific physical activities predict domain-specific physical activity 20 years later in adulthood, and whether age and sex play a role in these trajectories. In 1985, 6412 children of age 9-15 years self-reported frequency and duration of discretionary sport and exercise (leisure activity), transport activity, school sport and physical education (PE) in the past week and number of sports played in the past year. In 2004-2006, 2201 of these participants (aged 26-36 years) completed the long International Physical Activity Questionnaire and/or wore a Yamax pedometer. Analyses included partial correlation coefficients and log-binomial regression. Childhood and adult activity were weakly correlated (r=-0.08-0.14). Total weekly physical activity in childhood did not predict adult activity. School PE predicted adult total weekly physical activity and daily steps (older females), while school sport demonstrated inconsistent associations. Leisure and transport activity in childhood predicted adult leisure activity among younger males and older females, respectively. Childhood past year sport participation positively predicted adult physical activity (younger males and older females). Despite modest associations between childhood and adult physical activity that varied by domain, age and sex, promoting a range of physical activities to children of all ages is warranted.
A simple mesoporous silica nanoparticle-based fluorescence aptasensor for the detection of zearalenone in grain and cereal products
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-06-2020
Urban–rural comparison of weight status among women and children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 02-2010
DOI: 10.5694/J.1326-5377.2010.TB03451.X
Abstract: To compare the weight status of women and children living in socioeconomically disadvantaged rural and urban neighbourhoods in Victoria. Cross-sectional study of data collected between August 2007 and July 2008 as part of the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality (READI) study. Women aged 18-45 years living in 40 rural and 40 urban socioeconomically disadvantaged Victorian areas were surveyed by postal questionnaire. Data from a subset of their children aged 5-12 years were also analysed. Weight and height were self-reported for women and measured for children. Women's weight status based on body mass index (BMI): underweight healthy overweight or obese Class I, II or III children's weight status based on International Obesity Taskforce BMI cut-off points. Of 11 940 women randomly selected, 4934 (41%) replied to a postal invitation to participate. After exclusions for various reasons, data were available on 3879 women and 636 of their children. Twenty-four per cent of urban and 26% of rural women were classified as overweight a further 19% of urban and 23% of rural women were classified as obese. Twenty per cent of both urban and rural children were classified as overweight a further 10% of urban and rural children were classified as obese. In crude analyses, rural women had higher odds of Class I and II obesity (odds ratio [OR], 1.34 and 1.72, respectively) compared with urban women. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors (age, number of children, country of birth, education level, employment status and marital status), there was no difference between urban and rural women in odds of overweight or obesity Class I, II or III. No significant urban-rural difference in odds of overweight/obesity was evident among children. The higher prevalence of obesity in rural women compared with urban women was largely explained by in idual-level sociodemographic factors, such as age, number of children, country of birth, education level, employment status and marital status. This suggests that higher obesity levels among women in rural areas may be attributable to the sociodemographic composition of these areas.
Overweight and obesity from childhood to adulthood: a follow‐up of participants in the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 11-2007
Accumulated exposure to rural areas of residence over the life course is associated with overweight and obesity in adulthood: a 25-year prospective cohort study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.ANNEPIDEM.2017.01.007
Abstract: This prospective cohort study investigated whether body mass index (BMI) and weight status in mid-adulthood were predicted by trajectories of urban-rural residence from childhood to adulthood. Participants aged 7-15 years in 1985 (n = 8498) were followed up in 2004-2006 (n = 3999, aged 26-36 years) and 2009-2011 (n = 3049, aged 31-41 years). Area of residence (AOR) was classified as urban or rural at each time point. BMI and/or weight status was calculated from self-reported weight and height (2009-2011). We tested which of three life-course models ("accumulation," "sensitive period," "mobility") best explained the AOR-BMI and/or weight status association using a novel life-course modeling framework. Accumulation and sensitive period models best described the effect of AOR on mid-adulthood BMI and weight status. Those with greater accumulated exposure to rural areas had a higher BMI (β = 0.29 kg/m Greater cumulative exposure to rurality and exposure during the "sensitive period" of young adulthood is associated with obesity in middle-aged adults. This study highlights the important contribution of context to the development of obesity over the life course.
Environmental barriers and enablers to physical activity participation among rural adults: A qualitative study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-07-2015
DOI: 10.1071/HE14115
Cluster patterns of behavioural risk factors among children: Longitudinal associations with adult cardio-metabolic risk factors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.YPMED.2019.105861
Abstract: Much of what is known about childhood clusters of cardiovascular disease behavioural risk factors (RFs) comes from cross-sectional studies, providing little insight into the long-term health impacts of different behavioural cluster profiles. This study aimed to establish the longitudinal relationship between cluster patterns of childhood behavioural RFs and adult cardio-metabolic RFs. Data were from an Australian prospective cohort study of 1265 participants measured in 1985 (ages 9-15 yrs), and in 2004-06 (ages 26-36 yrs). At baseline, children self-reported smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity (PA), dietary behaviour and psychological well-being. At follow-up, participants completed questionnaires and attended study clinics where the following component indicators of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) score were measured: waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipids. TwoStep cluster analyses were carried out to identify clusters in childhood. Linear regression was used to examine the longitudinal associations between cluster patterns of childhood behavioural RFs and adult cardio-metabolic RFs. Four childhood cluster patterns of behavioural RFs labelled 'most healthy', 'high PA', 'most unhealthy', and 'breakfast skippers' were identified. The unhealthier childhood clusters predicted a significantly higher adult MetS score ('most unhealthy': β = 0.10, 95%CI = 0.01, 0.19) and adult waist circumference ('most unhealthy': β = 2.29, 95%CI = 0.90, 6.67 'breakfast skippers': β = 2.15, 95%CI = 0.30, 4.00). These associations were independent of adult behavioural RFs and socio-economic position. These findings emphasise the impact of multiple childhood behavioural RFs on important adult health outcomes and may be useful for the development of early intervention strategies, where identification of children at higher risk of poorer adult cardio-metabolic health is vital.
A green extraction method for gelatin and its molecular mechanism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Regulation mechanism of myofibrillar protein emulsification mode by adding psyllium (Plantago ovata) husk
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2021.131939
Abstract: Psyllium husk (PH) is an excellent source of dietary fiber with strong water-absorption and viscosity. This work systemically investigated the regulation mechanism of myofibrillar protein (MP) emulsification mode by adding psyllium husk as composite emulsifiers to prepare O/W emulsions. The results showed that the physical stability of emulsions was improved by adding PH (0.1%-0.8%). The results of contact angle, interfacial tension and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) indicated that the stability mechanism of emulsions was affected by the addition of PH. At a low PH addition (0.1%), the adsorption of MP at the oil-water interface was enhanced, thus forming an elastic interfacial film that improves the stability of emulsions. However, when the PH addition increased to 0.8%, excess addition of pH even hindered the interfacial adsorption of MP. Notably, the pseudoplasticity and viscosity of emulsions increased due to the addition of PH, thus inhibiting the migration and aggregation of droplets.
Socioeconomic Position and Children’s Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors: Longitudinal Findings From the CLAN Study
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 05-2009
DOI: 10.1123/JPAH.6.3.289
Abstract: This study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between socioeconomic position (SEP) and physical activity and sedentary behaviors among children and adolescents. Maternal education was reported by parents of 184 children 5 to 6 years old and 358 children 10 to 12 years old in 2001. In 2001 and 2004, physical activity was assessed by accelerometry. Older children self-reported and parents of younger children proxy-reported physical activity and TV-viewing behaviors. Linear regression was used to predict physical activity and sedentary behaviors, and changes in these behaviors, from maternal education. Among all children, accelerometer-determined and self- or parent-reported moderate and vigorous physical activity declined over 3 years. Girls of higher SEP demonstrated greater decreases in TV-viewing behaviors than those of low SEP. In general, no prospective associations were evident between SEP and objectively assessed physical activity. A small number of prospective associations were noted between SEP and self-reported physical activity, but these were generally weak and inconsistent in direction. This study did not find strong evidence that maternal education was cross-sectionally or longitudinally predictive of children’s physical activity or sedentary behaviors. Given the well-documented inverse relationship of SEP with physical activity levels in adult s les, the findings suggest that such disparities might emerge after adolescence.
The provision of compulsory school physical activity: Associations with physical activity, fitness and overweight in childhood and twenty years later
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2008
Health and broader community benefit of parkrun —An exploratory qualitative study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-08-2019
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.182
Abstract: parkrun is a free, weekly, timed, international mass community 5-km walk/run event. Unlike other paid events, parkrun attracts populations harder to engage in physical activity (PA) (eg, women, those with overweight/obesity or illness/injury/disability). This exploratory qualitative study investigated the in idual, social and environmental factors associated with parkrun's broad appeal in Australia. Tasmanian parkrunners who completed a quantitative survey (2016) were purposively recruited for a 2017 interview study. Semistructured interviews focused on reasons for parkrun participation. Data saturation was achieved by the tenth interview. Data were analysed thematically. Four themes emerged: (a) participation facilitators and barriers (b) PA gain and broader community benefit (c) social connections/networks and (d) organisational issues. Appealing characteristics of parkrun included strong social support, performance gain opportunities, socialising, inclusivity (eg, all ages/abilities), sense of community, positive atmosphere and accessibility (eg, no cost and convenience). Some participants reported that parkrun had stimulated gains in their total PA (not always limited to walking/running) and that parkrun may also result in other community benefits (eg, supporting local businesses, fee-based running club/event participation and "parkrun tourism"). Most participants first attended parkrun because of encouragement from their social networks, and participants subsequently encouraged others to attend. Participants found parkrun events well organised, but identified some potential threats (eg, local politics). Social factors appeared critical in driving initial and ongoing parkrun participation. parkrun may lead to wider community benefits beyond that gained through increased in idual PA. These findings highlight the "success factors" driving parkrun participation and provide insights for other community-based PA promotion activities.
Identifying health literacy solutions for pregnant women and mothers in Tasmania: a codesign study
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2023
Effect of different dehydration methods on the properties of gelatin films
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2021.131814
Abstract: The properties of gelatin film fabricated by ethanol precipitation effect dehydration, Hofmeister effect dehydration and hot air drying dehydration were investigated. The results revealed that the mechanical properties were significantly improved by ethanol precipitation and Hofmeister effect. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the film prepared by ethanol precipitation were increased by 83.28% (20% gelatin concentration) and 122.42% (5% gelatin concentration) respectively compared with that of hot air-dried gelatin film. The water contact angle was increased and water solubility was reduced by ethanol precipitation, which could attribute to the formation of compact structure, more triple helix content, and non-covalent interactions. However, the water contact angle of Hofmeister effect fabricated films was decreased compared with that of hot air drying owing to the adhesion of ammonium sulfate. Moreover, ethanol precipitation effect improved the color difference and opacity due to the ethanol decolorization effect.
Effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity among socioeconomically disadvantaged women: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-10-2012
Preparation of high thermal stability gelatin emulsion and its application in 3D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Test‐retest reliability of a self‐reported physical activity environment instrument for use in rural settings
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2020
DOI: 10.1111/AJR.12625
Longitudinal examination of the family food environment and weight status among children
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.3109/17477160902846211
Abstract: To examine whether aspects of the family food environment were associated with body mass index (BMI) z-score and weight status in children, cross-sectionally and prospectively over 3 years. Four aspects of the family food environment (breakfast eating patterns, food consumption while watching television, parental provision of energy-dense foods and child consumption of energy-dense food at home and away from home) were assessed with a questionnaire completed by parents of 161 children aged 5-6 years and 132 children aged 10-12 years in Melbourne, Australia in 2002/03. In 2002/03 and 2006, children's BMI z-score and weight status (non-overweight or overweight) was calculated from measured height and weight. At baseline, 19% of younger and 21% of older children were overweight. Three years later, a greater proportion of younger (now aged 8-9 years) compared with older (aged 13-15 years) children were classified as overweight (28% versus 18%). Few of the family food environment variables were associated with children's BMI z-score and weight status cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, among older children, more frequent dinner consumption while watching television was associated with a higher BMI z-score longitudinally (B=0.3, 95% CI=0.0, 0.6), less frequent breakfast consumption was associated with higher odds of overweight longitudinally (OR=2.2, 95% CI=1.1-4.7), and more frequent fast food consumption at home was associated with higher odds of overweight cross-sectionally (OR=3.1, 95% CI=1.4-7.0). This study found few significant associations between aspects of the family food environment and BMI z-score or weight status in a s le of Australian children.
Love thy neighbour? Associations of social capital and crime with physical activity amongst women
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2010.04.041
Abstract: Using a multilevel study design, this study examined the associations between social characteristics of in iduals and neighbourhoods and physical activity among women. Women (n = 1405) recruited from 45 Melbourne (Australia) neighbourhoods of varying socioeconomic disadvantage provided data on social factors and leisure-time: physical activity walking and walking in one's own neighbourhood. In idual level social factors were number of neighbours known and social participation. Neighbourhood-level social characteristics (interpersonal trust, norms of reciprocity, social cohesion) were derived by aggregating survey data on these constructs within neighbourhoods. Objective data on crimes within neighbourhoods were obtained from Victoria Police. In bivariable regression models, all social variables at both the in idual and neighbourhood level were positively associated with odds of physical activity, walking, and walking in one's own neighbourhood. Associations with in idual social participation (associated with all three physical activity variables) and neighbourhood interpersonal trust (associated with overall physical activity only) remained significant in multivariable models. Neither neighbourhood crime against the person nor incivilities were associated with any form of physical activity. These results demonstrate that women who participated in local groups or events and, less consistently, women living in neighbourhoods where residents trusted one another, were more likely to participate in leisure-time physical activity. While redressing macro-level social and economic policies that contribute to neighbourhood inequalities remains a priority, public health initiatives aimed at promoting physical activity could consider focusing on fostering social interactions targeting both in iduals and communities. Further investigation of causal mechanisms underlying these associations is required.
Evaluation of viscosity and printing quality of chitosan-based flexographic inks: The effect of chitosan molecular weight
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-06-2016
DOI: 10.1002/APP.43997
The longitudinal influence of home and neighbourhood environments on children's body mass index and physical activity over 5 years: the CLAN study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-03-2010
DOI: 10.1038/IJO.2010.57
Abstract: To determine the independent contributions of family and neighbourhood environments to changes in youth physical activity and body mass index (BMI) z-score over 5 years. In 2001, 2004 and 2006, 301 children (10-12 years at baseline) had their height and weight measured (BMI was converted to z-scores using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference charts see rowthcharts) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) assessed using accelerometers. In 2001, parents reported on the home environment (social support, role modelling, rules and restrictions, physical environment) and perceived neighbourhood environment (local traffic, road safety, sporting venues, public transport), and Geographic Information Systems were used to map features of the neighbourhood environment (destinations, road connectivity, traffic exposure). Generalized estimating equations were used to predict average BMI z-score and MVPA over time from baseline home and perceived and objective neighbourhood environment factors. Among boys, maternal education and heavy traffic were inversely associated, and sibling physical activity, maternal role modelling of MVPA and the presence of dead-end roads were positively associated with MVPA. Having unmarried parents, maternal MVPA role modelling and number of home sedentary items were positively associated with BMI z-score among boys. Among girls, having siblings, paternal MVPA role modelling, physical activity rules and parental physical activity co-participation were positively associated with MVPA. Having unmarried parents and maternal sedentary behaviour role modelling were positively associated, and number of sedentary behaviour rules and physical activity items were inversely associated with BMI z-score among girls. The home environment seems more important than the neighbourhood environment in influencing children's physical activity and BMI z-score over 5 years. Physical activity and weight gain programmes among youth should focus on parental role modelling, rules around sedentary and active pursuits, and parental support for physical activity. Intervention studies to investigate these strategies are warranted.
Social ecological factors associated with physical activity and screen time amongst mothers from disadvantaged neighbourhoods over three years
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-08-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-020-01015-5
Abstract: Mothers from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods are at elevated risk of physical inactivity and high levels of screen time. Yet, little is known regarding the social ecological factors that are longitudinally associated with physical activity and screen time in this target group, and whether the age of their children impacts these relationships. This study aimed to longitudinally examine the social ecological factors associated with physical activity and screen time amongst mothers living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods, and whether these differed according to their child’s age. Data were from 895 mothers living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods (mean age 36.7 years) at baseline and three-year follow-up. Mothers self-reported weekly discretionary physical activity (leisure-time, LTPA transport-related, TRPA) and screen time durations. Linear regression models assessed associations between five intrapersonal, three social and five physical environmental factors and LTPA, TRPA and screen time, adjusting for confounding factors, clustering by neighbourhood and baseline variables. Interaction analysis was conducted for age of children (younger and older children ( n = 442) and mothers with older children (aged 5–12 years) only ( n = 453). In adjusted models, all intrapersonal factors (self-efficacy, enjoyment, outcome expectations, behavioural intentions and behavioural skill), social support from friends, neighbourhood cohesion and number of televisions were longitudinally associated with LTPA amongst all mothers. Interaction models showed that findings were generally consistent across groups (i.e., those with both younger and older children compared to those with older children only), with three exceptions. Physical activity enjoyment and social support from family were associated with LTPA only among mothers with older children. Neighbourhood cohesion was associated with screen time only amongst mothers with both younger and older children. No associations were detected for TRPA. Intrapersonal, social and physical environmental factors were longitudinally associated with mother’s LTPA, whilst neighbourhood cohesion was longitudinally associated with screen time behaviours amongst mothers. Interventions aimed at increasing LTPA amongst mothers (particularly those from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods) may need to target all domains of the social ecological model and may require some tailoring according to the age of children. Further work is needed to identify longitudinal associations with screen time and TRPA in this population group.
The association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in young women: A review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Exercise-induced hypertension, cardiovascular events, and mortality in patients undergoing exercise stress testing: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-12-2013
DOI: 10.1093/AJH/HPS053
Abstract: The prognostic relevance of a hypertensive response to exercise (HRE) is ill-defined in in iduals undergoing exercise stress testing. The study described here was intended to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature to determine the value of exercise-related blood pressure (BP) (independent of office BP) for predicting cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality. Online databases were searched for published longitudinal studies reporting exercise-related BP and CV events and mortality rates. We identified for review 12 longitudinal studies with a total of 46,314 in iduals without significant coronary artery disease, with total CV event and mortality rates recorded over a mean follow-up of 15.2±4.0 years. After adjustment for age, office BP, and CV risk factors, an HRE at moderate exercise intensity carried a 36% greater rate of CV events and mortality (95% CI, 1.02-1.83, P = 0.039) than that of subjects without an HRE. Additionally, each 10mm Hg increase in systolic BP during exercise at moderate intensity was accompanied by a 4% increase in CV events and mortality, independent of office BP, age, or CV risk factors (95% CI, 1.01-1.07, P = 0.02). Systolic BP at maximal workload was not significantly associated with the outcome of an increased rate of CV, whether analyzed as a categorical (HR=1.49, 95% CI, 0.90-2.46, P = 0.12) or a continuous (HR=1.01, 95% CI, 0.98-1.04, P = 0.53) variable. An HRE at moderate exercise intensity during exercise stress testing is an independent risk factor for CV events and mortality. This highlights the need to determine underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of exercise-induced hypertension.
A latent transition analysis of physical activity and screen-based sedentary behavior from adolescence to young adulthood
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-07-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-022-01339-4
Abstract: Distinct typologies of physical activity and screen-based sedentary behaviors are common during adolescence, but it is unknown how these change over time. This longitudinal study examined the stability of activity-related behavioral typologies over the transition out of secondary school. Year 11 students (penultimate school year) completed a self-report survey (baseline), which was repeated 2 years later (follow-up) (75% female, mean baseline age: 16.9 ± 0.4 years). Latent transition analysis identified typologies of physical activity and screen time behaviors and explored changes in typology membership between baseline and follow-up among those with complete data and who were not attending secondary school at follow-up ( n = 803). Three unique typologies were identified and labelled as: 1) Sedentary gamers (baseline: 17% follow-up: 15%: high levels of screen behaviors, particularly video gaming) 2) Inactives (baseline: 46% follow-up: 48%: low physical activities, average levels of screen behaviors) and 3) Actives (baseline: 37% follow-up: 37%: high physical activities, low screen behaviors). Most participants remained in the same typology (83.2%), 8.5% transitioned to a typology with a more health-enhancing profile and 8.3% transitioned to a typology with a more detrimental behavioral profile. The high proportion within the ‘inactive’ typology and the stability of typologies over the transition period suggests that public health interventions are required to improve activity-related behavior typologies before adolescents leave secondary school.
Overweight and obesity from childhood to adulthood: a follow‐up of participants in the 1985 Australian Schools Health and Fitness Survey
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 09-2007
Rheological properties, antimicrobial activity and screen-printing performance of chitosan-pigment (FeO(OH)·xH 2 O) composite edible ink
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Properties of Pickering emulsion stabilized by food-grade gelatin nanoparticles: influence of the nanoparticles concentration
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Reimagining physical activity for children following the systemic disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2022
Supercapacitors: MoS 2 /Graphene Composites as Promising Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion Applications (Adv. Mater. Interfaces 20/2019)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2019
UV-curable coating crosslinked by a novel hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate with excellent mechanical properties and hardness
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C6RA21081C
Abstract: A novel hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate was synthesized. It was used as crosslinker to prepare a series of high-performance UV-curable coatings.
Self-assembly of gelatin and phycocyanin for stabilizing thixotropic emulsions and its effect on 3D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2022.133725
Abstract: Nutritional phycocyanin (PC) may be non-covalently bound to gelatin (GE) and form the self-assembly complex proteins, which could stabilize high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) by one-pot homogenization. The effects of PC on physicochemical, structural, extrudable, thixotropic properties and practical printability of HIPEs were investigated. The electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds between GE and PC facilitated the compact structure, promoted the interfacial adsorption behavior at oil-water interface, enhanced emulsion stability, and reduced creaming index of HIPEs. Shearing-thinning property and proper yield stress proved the excellent extrudability of HIPEs. Moreover, thixotropy results indicated that low-content PC resulted in high hysteresis area and large recovery rate of HIPEs, suggesting the outstanding structure rebuilding capacity and structure maintainability. 3D printing of HIPEs illustrated the high printing definition and shape retention conforming to the original models. Overall, this study provides reference for developing functional thixotropic emulsions with high potential in customizing special three-dimensional food.
Feasibility of ‘parkrun’ for people with knee osteoarthritis: A mixed methods pilot study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
Television viewing and abdominal obesity in young adults: is the association mediated by food and beverage consumption during viewing time or reduced leisure-time physical activity?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2008
Abstract: The behavioral pathways through which television (TV) viewing leads to increased adiposity in adults are unclear. We wanted to determine whether the association between TV viewing and abdominal obesity in young adults is mediated by food and beverage consumption during TV viewing time or by a reduction in overall leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). This study involved a cross-sectional analysis of data from 2001 Australian adults aged 26-36 y. Waist circumference (WC) was measured at study clinics, and TV viewing time, frequency of food and beverage consumption during TV viewing, LTPA, and demographic characteristics were self-reported. Women watching TV > 3 h/d had a higher prevalence of severe abdominal obesity (WC: > or = 88 cm) compared with women watching 3 h/d than in men watching < or = 1 h/d (PR: 2.16 95% CI: 1.37, 3.41). Adjustment for LTPA made little difference, but adjustment for food and beverage consumption during TV viewing attenuated the associations (PR: 1.48 95% CI: 1.01, 2.17 for women PR: 1.73 95% CI: 1.06, 2.83 for men). The association between TV viewing and WC in young adults may be partially explained by food and beverage consumption during TV viewing but was not explained by a reduction in overall LTPA. Other behaviors likely contribute to the association between TV viewing and obesity.
A hypertensive response to exercise independently predicts cardiovascular events and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2012
Associations between sedentary behaviours and dietary intakes among adolescents
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-01-2018
DOI: 10.1017/S136898001700372X
Abstract: The purpose of the current study was to examine associations of in idual and aggregated screen-based behaviours, and total sitting time, with healthy and unhealthy dietary intakes among adolescents. Cross-sectional study of adolescents. Participants self-reported durations of television viewing, computer use, playing electronic games (e-games), total sitting time, daily servings of fruits and vegetables, and frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB), diet beverages, fast foods and discretionary snacks. Logistic regression models were conducted to identify associations of screen-based behaviours, total screen time and total sitting time with dietary intakes. Victoria, Australia. Adolescents ( n 939) in School Year 11 (mean age 16·8 years). The results showed that watching television (≥2 h/d) was positively associated with consuming SSB and diet beverages each week and consuming discretionary snacks at least once daily, whereas computer use (≥2 h/d) was inversely associated with daily fruit and vegetable intake and positively associated with weekly fast-food consumption. Playing e-games (any) was inversely associated with daily vegetable intake and positively associated with weekly SSB consumption. Total screen (≥2 h/d) and sitting (h/d) times were inversely associated with daily fruit and vegetable consumption, with total screen time also positively associated with daily discretionary snack consumption and weekly consumption of SSB and fast foods. In idual and aggregated screen-based behaviours, as well as total sitting time, are associated with a number of indicators of healthy and unhealthy dietary intake. Future research should explore whether reducing recreational screen time improves adolescents’ diets.
Health literacy status of pregnant women and women with young children in Tasmania
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-11-2023
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.675
Abstract: The literature provides evidence that maternal health is strongly linked with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their associated risk factors. Enabling women with the asset of health literacy may help to reduce the intergenerational impact of NCDs. However, little is known about the health literacy of pregnant women and women with young children in Tasmania and globally. This study aimed to identify the health literacy status of pregnant women and women with young children (0-8 years) living in Tasmania and describe their health literacy status according to their demographic characteristics. An online cross-sectional survey was undertaken. The survey included demographic questions and a health literacy questionnaire (HLQ). The description of demographic differences across the HLQ scales focused on effect sizes (ES) for standardised differences in mean health literacy scores. The differences found to be statistically significant at P < 0.05 were also included. 194 participants completed the survey with a mean age of 35.3 years. 73.2% were married, 16.5% were pregnant, 93% had one or more children and 81.5% were university educated. For the first five HLQ scales (score range 1-4), the lowest overall score was seen for the scale "Actively managing my health" (mean = 2.96 SD = 0.54). For the last four scales (score range 1-5), the lowest overall score was seen for the scale "Navigating the health care system" (mean = 3.75, SD = 0.67). Nonpregnant women, women with children, women with chronic health conditions and nonmarried women experienced more health literacy challenges. Women in our study showed various strengths and challenges with mean scores varying across the nine HLQ scales. Understanding the health literacy needs of women will enable health services to co-design solutions and interventions capable of responding to the evolving health needs of pregnant women and women with young children. This approach will ensure that codesigned solutions can engage the end-user in healthy lifestyle practices and the solutions are sustainable. SO WHAT?: We must shift away from a "one size fits all" approach to tailor services to respond to the differing health literacy needs of pregnant women and women with young children to support healthy lifestyle practices and reduce the NCD burden.
Effects of school-based interventions for direct delivery of physical activity on fitness and cardiometabolic markers in children and adolescents: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-06-2013
DOI: 10.1111/OBR.12047
Abstract: To evaluate the effectiveness of school-based physical activity interventions on fitness, adiposity and cardiometabolic outcomes among schoolchildren. Medline, Embase, EBSCOhost CINAHL and ERIC databases were searched up to October 2012. intervention delivered at school with controls having no intervention or usual physical education classes participants aged 5-18 years outcomes spanning some or all of the above. We assessed levels of evidence for identified trials based on methodological quality and s le size. Dose of the interventions (a total summary measure of intensity, frequency and duration) were considered. Eighteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs, total participants = 6,207) were included, of which six were large, higher quality trials with high dose of the intervention. The intervention was consistent in increasing fitness with large, higher quality studies and high dose of intervention providing strong evidence. Dose of school-based physical activity is an important determinant of trial efficiency. Some large, higher quality RCTs provided strong evidence for interventions to decrease skin-fold thickness, increase fitness and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Evidence for body mass index, body fat and waist circumference, blood pressure and triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol remain inconclusive and require additional higher quality studies with high dose of interventions to provide conclusive evidence.
What might work? Exploring the perceived feasibility of strategies to promote physical activity among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 17-09-2012
DOI: 10.1093/HER/CYS097
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate preferences for, perceived feasibility of and barriers to uptake of hypothetical physical activity promotion strategies among women from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 purposively recruited women (18-45 years) living in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban and rural areas of Victoria, Australia. Participants indicated the most and least appealing of nine hypothetical strategies, strategies most likely to use and strategies most likely to increase physical activity. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic and interpretive content analyses were used to identify emergent common and contrasting themes. A community centre-based program with free childcare, the provision of a cleaner while physical activity is undertaken and a neighbourhood-based program were the three most popular strategies. Mobile-telephone-delivered text messages, an online interactive diary and subsidized gym memberships were considered least useful. Irrespective of the strategy, components of importance commonly identified were social support being accountable to someone having the option of a structured or flexible attendance design integration of multiple strategies and financial considerations. Issues around trust and privacy and weight loss also emerged as important. The findings provide important insights for the development of physical activity programs targeting socioeconomically disadvantaged women.
Is greater public transport use associated with higher levels of physical activity in a regional setting? Findings from a pilot study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S40814-021-00951-8
Abstract: Public transport users often accumulate more physical activity than motor vehicle users, but most studies have been conducted in large metropolitan areas with multiple public transport options with limited knowledge of the relationship in regional and rural areas. In a regional city, this pilot study aimed to (1) test the feasibility of preliminary hypotheses to inform future research, (2) test the utility of survey items, and (3) establish stakeholder engagement. Data were collected via a cross-sectional online survey of 743 Tasmanian adults. Physical activity outcomes were walking (min/week), total moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (min/week) and attainment of physical activity guidelines (yes/no). Transport variables were frequency of public and private transport use per week. Truncated and log binomial regression examined associations between public rivate transport use and physical activity. Neither frequency of public nor private transport use was associated with minutes of walking (public transport: B − 24.4, 95% CI: − 110.7, 61.9 private transport: B − 1.1, 95% CI: − 72.4, 70.1), minutes of total physical activity (public transport: B − 90.8, 95% CI: − 310.0, 128.5 private transport: B 0.4, 95% CI: − 134.0, 134.9) or not meeting physical activity guidelines (public transport: RR 1.02, 95%CI: 0.95, 1.09 private transport: RR 1.02, 95%CI: 0.96, 1.08). The hypothesis that public transport users would be more physically active than private transport users was not supported in this pilot study. Stakeholders were engaged and involved in various phases of the research including development of research questions, participant recruitment, and interpretation of findings. Further studies using representative s les and refined measures are warranted to confirm or refute findings.
trips4health: Protocol of a single-blinded randomised controlled trial incentivising adults to use public transport for physical activity gain
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Individual, social and environmental correlates of physical activity among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2010.02.028
Abstract: Women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods are at heightened risk for physical inactivity, but little is known about the correlates of physical activity among this group. Using a social-ecological framework, this study aimed to determine the in idual, social and neighbourhood environmental correlates of physical activity amongst women living in such neighbourhoods. During 2007-2008 women (n = 4108) aged 18-45 years randomly selected from urban and rural neighbourhoods of low socioeconomic status in Victoria, Australia completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (long). They reported on in idual (self-efficacy, enjoyment, intentions, outcome expectancies, skills), social (childcare, social support from family and friends/colleagues, dog ownership) and neighbourhood environmental (neighbourhood cohesion, aesthetics, personal safety, 'walking environment') factors. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the odds of increasing categories of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and transport-related physical activity (TRPA) for each in idual, social and environmental factor. In partially adjusted analyses, all in idual, social and environmental variables were positively associated with LTPA, while all in idual factors, family and friend support and the walking environment were positively associated with TRPA. In fully adjusted multivariable models, all in idual and social factors remained significantly associated with LTPA, while self-efficacy, enjoyment, intentions, social support, and neighbourhood 'walking environment' variables remained significantly associated with TRPA. In conclusion, in idual and social factors were most important for LTPA, while in idual, social and neighbourhood environmental factors were all associated with TRPA. Acknowledging the cross-sectional design, the findings highlight the importance of different levels of potential influence on physical activity in different domains, which should be considered when developing strategies to promote physical activity amongst women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods.
Regulation mechanism of nanocellulose with different morphologies on the properties of low-oil gelatin emulsions: Interfacial adsorption or network formation?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Characteristics associated with willingness to walk further than necessary to the bus stop: Insights for public transport-related physical activity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Stabilizing performance of montmorillonite on fish gelatin-monascorubins system by labyrinth effect
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Are perceptions of the physical and social environment associated with mothers' walking for leisure and for transport? A longitudinal study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.YPMED.2008.05.010
Abstract: The role local neighbourhood environments play in influencing purpose-specific walking behaviors has not been well-explored in prospective studies. This study aimed to cross-sectionally and prospectively examine whether local physical and social environments were associated with mothers' walking for leisure and for transport. In 2004, 357 mothers from Melbourne, Australia, provided information on their local physical and social neighbourhood environments, and in 2004 and 2006 reported weekly time spent walking for leisure and for transport. Environmental predictors of high levels of walking and increases in walking were examined using log binomial regression. Public transport accessibility and trusting many people in the neighbourhood were predictive of increases in walking for leisure, while connectivity, pedestrian crossings, a local traffic speed were predictive of increases in transport-related walking. Satisfaction with local facilities was associated with increasing both types of walking, and the social environment was important for maintaining high levels of both leisure- and transport-related walking. The findings provide evidence of a longitudinal relationship between physical and social environments and walking behaviors amongst mothers. Enhancing satisfaction with local facilities and giving consideration to 'walkability', safety and public transport accessibility during environment planning processes may help mothers to increase walking.
Are physical environments and physical activity differentially associated by urban-rural status among mid-older aged adults? The WELL study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Effect of Sodium Trimetaphosphate on Chitosan-Methylcellulose Composite Films: Physicochemical Properties and Food Packaging Application
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-02-2019
Abstract: Environmentally friendly food packaging currently attracts much interest. Sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) finds specialized applications in food, but it is rarely used as a crosslinking agent. In this study, STMP was used as a crosslinking agent to prepare chitosan/methylcellulose composite films. Both antibacterial and physicochemical properties of the composite film were improved by crosslinking with STMP. The crosslinked films, with good antibacterial activity (~99%), had increased tensile strength, a higher elongation at break, a lower swelling ratio and solubility, and a lower enzymatic degradation than the non-crosslinked films. Furthermore, the crosslinked films showed an excellent preservative effect on fresh-cut wax gourd after three days at room temperature. The obtained films crosslinked by STMP can be potentially applied to the food industry, such as food functional packaging, providing a novel alternative to traditional plastic packages.
Distinct patterns of adult transport-related physical activity (TRPA) behaviour exist independent of the TRPA behaviours of childhood: the childhood determinants of adult health study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-05-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-023-01462-W
Abstract: Transport-related physical activity (TRPA) is recognised as a potential means of increasing total physical activity participation that may yield substantial health benefits. Public health c aigns focusing on promoting TRPA from a young age aim to develop life-long healthy habits. However, few studies have examined how TRPA changes across the lifecourse and whether childhood TRPA levels influence those observed later in life. Using the Australian Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study (baseline, 1985), latent class growth mixture modelling with adjustment for time-varying covariates was performed using four timepoints (ranging from 7 to 49 years) to assess behavioural patterns and retention of TRPA across the lifecourse. As child and adult adjusted TRPA measures could not be harmonised, trajectories of adult TRPA (n = 702) were instead identified, and log-binomial regression analysis was performed to determine whether childhood levels of TRPA (high/medium/low) influenced these trajectories. Two stable groups of adult TRPA trajectories were identified: persistently low (n = 520 74.2%), and increasingly high TRPA (n = 181 25.8%). There was no significant relationship between childhood TRPA levels and patterns in adulthood (relative risk of high childhood TRPA yielding high adult TRPA trajectory membership = 1.06 95% confidence interval = 0.95–1.09). This study found childhood TRPA levels were not associated with TRPA patterns in adulthood. These findings suggest that while TRPA in childhood may have health, social, and environmental benefits, it does not appear to impact adult TRPA directly. Therefore, further intervention is required beyond childhood to promote the implementation of healthy TRPA behaviours into adulthood.
Partnering and parenting transitions in Australian men and women: associations with changes in weight, domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviours
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-07-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-020-00989-6
Abstract: Partnering and parenting are important life-stage transitions often accompanied by changes in social networks, roles and responsibilities. There have been no longitudinal studies examining associations of partnering and parenting with changes in domain-specific physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours, and our understanding of whether these transitions are associated with weight change is limited. Two thousand one hundred and twenty-four Australian adults from a national cohort (mean age 31.7 (2.7) years, 47.5% male) completed questionnaires at baseline (2004–06) and follow-up (2009–11), reporting marital and parental status. Weight (kg) was measured at baseline and self-reported at follow-up. PA and sedentary behaviours (sitting and television (TV) viewing) were self-reported in a subset ( n = 1221). Linear regression estimated the longitudinal associations of parenting and partnering transitions with PA, sedentary behaviours and weight at follow-up, adjusted for baseline value of the respective outcome variable, age, education, follow-up duration and other life-stage transition. During the 5-year follow-up, 17.3% men and 12.9% women partnered, and 27.3% men and 19.1% women had their first child. Compared to staying not partnered, partnering was associated with an increase in total PA (177.5mins/week, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 18.0 to 337.0) among men and a greater weight gain (2.2 kg, 95% CI 0.6 to 3.7) among women. Compared to remaining child-free, having a first child was associated with greater reductions in total PA (− 123.9mins/week, 95% CI − 248.8 to 1.1) and TV viewing time (− 27.0mins/day, 95% CI − 50.6 to − 3.3) among men. Women who had their first child had greater weight gain (1.4 kg, 95% CI 0.1 to 2.7) but spent less time sitting (− 103.8mins/day, 95% CI − 135.5 to − 72.1) than those remaining child-free. For women, having additional children was associated with less sitting time (− 39.4mins/week, 95% CI − 66.0 to − 12.8) than having the same number of children. Partnering was associated with an increase in men’s total PA and women’s weight. Transitions into parenthood with a first child or additional children were associated with potentially health-impairing changes in weight and PA, but health-promoting changes in sedentary behaviours. Future PA promotion strategies should pay attention to men who had their first child to mitigate declining total PA.
Effect and mechanism of psyllium husk (Plantago ovata) on myofibrillar protein gelation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Improvement of properties of smart ink via chitin nanofiber and application as freshness indicator
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Gelatin microgel-stabilized high internal phase emulsion for easy industrialization: Preparation, interfacial behavior and physical stability
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
Exploring the Health-Promoting Potential of the “parkrun” Phenomenon: What Factors are Associated With Higher Levels of Participation?
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 23-04-2018
Abstract: “ parkrun” is a free and increasingly popular weekly 5-km walk/run international community event, representing a novel setting for physical activity (PA) promotion. However, little is known about who participates or why. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic, health, behavioral, in idual, social, and environmental factors associated with higher levels of participation. Cross-sectional. Tasmania, Australia June 2016. Three hundred seventy two adult parkrun participants. Online survey measuring sociodemographic, health, in idual, social and environmental factors, parkrun participation, and PA. Descriptive statistics, zero-truncated Poisson regression models. Respondents (n = 371) were more commonly women (58%), aged 35 to 53 years (54%), and occasional or nonwalkers/runners (53%) at registration. A total of 44% had overweight/obesity. Half had non-adult children, most spoke English at home, and 7% reported PA-limiting illness/injury/disability. Average run/walk time was 30.2 ± 7.4 minutes. Compared to regular walkers/runners at registration, nonwalkers/runners were less commonly partnered, more commonly had overweight/obesity, less physically active, and had poorer self-rated health. Multivariate analyses revealed relative parkrun participation was inversely associated with education level and positively associated with interstate parkrun participation, perceived social benefits, self-efficacy for parkrun, and intentions to participate. parkrun attracts nonwalkers/runners and population groups hard to engage in physical activity. In idual- and social-level factors were associated with higher relative parkrun participation. parkrun’s scalability, accessibility, and wide appeal confers a research imperative to investigate its potential for public health gain.
High temperature induced stable gelatin-gardenia blue system with hyperchromic effect and its food application in 2D writing/printing and 3D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2022.134119
Abstract: Gardenia blue could be effectively stabilized by gelatin and could be further enhanced by high-temperature based covalent-crosslinking reaction. The crosslinking reaction between amino acids and genipin promotes the generation of new gardenia blue molecules, facilitates the stable network structure, and improves the thermal stability of gelatin-gardenia blue systems (T
Correlates and determinants of transport-related physical activity among adults: An interdisciplinary systematic review
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 31-03-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1479732/V1
Abstract: Introduction - Transport-related physical activity (TRPA) has been identified as a way to increase physical activity due to its discretionary and habitual nature. Factors thought to influence TRPA span multiple disciplines and are rarely systematically considered in unison. This systematic review aimed to identify cross-sectional and longitudinal factors associated with adult TRPA across multiple research disciplines. Methods - Using four electronic databases, a systematic search of English, peer-reviewed literature from 2010 – 2020 was performed. Studies quantitatively examining factors associated with the outcome of adult TRPA were eligible. Results - Seventy-three studies (n=66 cross-sectional n=7 longitudinal) were included, cumulatively reporting data from 1,278,632 observations. Thirty-six factors were examined for potential association with TRPA and presented in a social-ecological framework: in idual (n=15), social (n=3), and environmental (n=18). Seven factors were found to be consistently associated with higher adult TRPA: lower socio-economic status, higher self-efficacy, higher social normalization, lower distance of travel, higher destination concentration, more streetlighting, and higher public transportation frequency with a greater number of terminals near route start and endpoints. Conclusions - This is the first comprehensive compilation of the correlates and determinants of adult TRPA. Seven in idual, social, and environmental factors demonstrated consistent associations with TRPA. Models formed using these factors may facilitate more effective promotion of TRPA. There is a lack of longitudinal studies as well as studies assessing cognitive/attitudinal and social factors, highlighting gaps for further research. Those developing policies and strategies targeting TRPA need to consider a range of factors at the in idual, social, and environmental level to maximise the likelihood of effectiveness.
A prospective examination of children's time spent outdoors, objectively measured physical activity and overweight
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-10-2008
DOI: 10.1038/IJO.2008.171
Abstract: This study aimed to determine whether time spent outdoors was associated with objectively measured physical activity, body mass index (BMI) z-score and overweight in elementary-school aged children, cross-sectionally and prospectively over 3 years. Three-year cohort study with data collected during 2001 and 2004. Nineteen randomly selected state elementary schools across Melbourne, Australia. One hundred and eighty eight 5-6-year-old and 360 10-12-year-old children. Baseline parent reports of children's time spent outdoors during warmer and cooler months, on weekdays and weekends. At baseline and follow-up, children's moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively assessed by accelerometry, and BMI z-score and overweight was calculated from measured height and weight. Cross-sectionally, each additional hour outdoors on weekdays and weekend days during the cooler months was associated with an extra 27 min week(-1) MVPA among older girls, and with an extra 20 min week(-1) MVPA among older boys. Longitudinally, more time outdoors on weekends predicted higher MVPA on weekends among older girls and boys (5 min week(-1)). The prevalence of overweight among older children at follow-up was 27-41% lower among those spending more time outdoors at baseline. Encouraging 10-12-year-old children to spend more time outdoors may be an effective strategy for increasing physical activity and preventing increases in overweight and obesity. Intervention research investigating the effect of increasing time outdoors on children's physical activity and overweight is warranted.
354 How much does the school policy environment influence children's self-reported physical activity?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2005
Development of rheologically stable high internal phase emulsions by gelatin/chitooligosaccharide mixtures and food application
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Understanding the physical activity promotion behaviours of podiatrists: A qualitative study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Improved solubility and interface properties of pigskin gelatin by microwave irradiation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Acceptability and perceived feasibility of strategies to increase public transport use for physical activity gain – A mixed methods study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-09-2020
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.292
Abstract: Public transport (PT) users typically accumulate more physical activity (PA) than motor vehicle users. This mixed methods study aimed to determine acceptability and perceived effectiveness of strategies to increase bus use for PA gain in a regional Australian setting. In a 2017 online survey, Tasmanian adults (n = 1091) rated the likelihood of increasing their bus use according to ten hypothetical strategies (fare-, incentives-, information- or infrastructure-based). Three focus groups and five interviews (n = 31) included infrequent bus users from the survey to determine reasons for strategy preferences and potential impact on PA. The top three strategies in the survey, with supporting rationale from qualitative data, were: provision of real-time bus information ("…because I can better plan…") bus-only lanes ("…it just speeds the whole thing up…") and employee incentives/rewards for ex le bus fare credits ("…it really comes down to money…"). Full-time students favoured cost-saving strategies most and residents in outer suburbs favoured infrastructure-based strategies most. Qualitative data indicated that potential for enhanced certainty, efficiency or cost-savings drove strategy preferences and some strategies may lead to PA gain (eg through the location of Park and Ride facilities). Real-time information, bus-only lanes and employee incentives/rewards appear most promising for increasing bus use in this population, but tailoring strategies may be required. Discrete PT enhancement strategies may result in PA gain. SO WHAT?: Increasing PA through transport behaviour has been underexplored. The potential for PA gain through greater PT use and discrete PT use enhancement strategies is an important public health consideration.
Advances in Rational Protein Engineering toward Functional Architectures and Their Applications in Food Science
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-03-2022
Abstract: Protein biomolecules including enzymes, cagelike proteins, and specific peptides have been continuously exploited as functional biomaterials applied in catalysis, nutrient delivery, and food preservation in food-related areas. However, natural proteins usually function well in physiological conditions, not industrial conditions, or may possess undesirable physical and chemical properties. Currently, rational protein design as a valuable technology has attracted extensive attention for the rational engineering or fabrication of ideal protein biomaterials with novel properties and functionality. This article starts with the underlying knowledge of protein folding and assembly and is followed by the introduction of the principles and strategies for rational protein design. Basic strategies for rational protein engineering involving experienced protein tailoring, computational prediction, computation redesign, and
Understanding the physical activity promotion behaviours of podiatrists: a qualitative study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-2013
Associations between the perceived environment and physical activity among adults aged 55-65 years: Does urban-rural area of residence matter?
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2015
Abstract: This study aimed to determine whether associations between the perceived environment and physical activity are moderated by urban-rural status among midolder aged adults. Environmental (safety, aesthetics, physical activity environment) and physical activity (total, leisure, transport) data from 3,888 adults (55 to 65 years) from urban and rural areas of Victoria, Australia, were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression examined interactions between urban-rural status and environments in associations with physical activity. Significant ( P .05) interactions were evident and indicated positive associations only among older rural adults for both safety and aesthetics with total and transport physical activity (e.g., rural adults reporting higher safety were 91% to 118% more likely to have higher activity than rural adults reporting low safety). In contrast, the physical activity environment was positively associated with leisure activity among only urban adults. Findings suggest that some tailoring of physical activity promotion strategies targeting the environment may be required for urban and rural midolder aged adults.
Factors associated with muscular fitness phenotypes in Australian children: A cross-sectional study
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-10-2020
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1679575
Abstract: To help inform strategies aimed at increasing muscular fitness levels, we examined factors associated with childhood muscular fitness (strength and power) that preceded the recently observed secular decline. Data were available from a nationally representative s le of Australian children aged 7-15 years in 1985 (n = 8469). Muscular fitness measures included strength (right and left grip, shoulder extension and flexion, and leg strength) and power (standing long jump distance). Anthropometric (adiposity, fat-free mass), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), flexibility, speed capability, physical activity (in idual and parental), dietary quality and intake (fruit, vegetable, protein) and sociodemographic (area-level socioeconomic status (SES), school type) data were available. Statistical analyses included sex-stratified linear regression. Of all examined factors, measures of adiposity, fat-free mass, CRF, flexibility and speed capability were associated with muscular fitness at levels that met Cohen's threshold for important effects (r-squared = 0.02 to 0.28). These findings highlight the multifactorial relationship between muscular fitness and its determinants. Collectively, these factors were powerful in explaining muscular strength (females: r-squared = 0.32 males: r-squared = 0.41) and muscular power (females: r-squared = 0.36 males: r-squared = 0.42). These findings highlight modifiable and environmental factors that could be targeted to increase childhood muscular fitness.
Combined associations of sitting time and physical activity with obesity in young adults
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2014
Abstract: We investigated associations of total sedentary behavior (SB) and objectively-measured and self-reported physical activity (PA) with obesity. Data from 1662 adults (26–36 years) included daily steps, self-reported PA, sitting, and waist circumference. SB and PA were dichotomized at the median, then 2 variables created (SB/self-reported PA SB/objectively-measured PA) each with 4 categories: low SB/high PA (reference group), high SB/high PA, low SB/low PA, high SB/low PA. Overall, high SB/low PA was associated with 95 –168% increased obesity odds. Associations were stronger and more consistent for steps than self-reported PA for men (OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.36–5.32 and OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01–3.79, respectively) and women (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.58–4.49 and OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.21–3.31, respectively). Among men, obesity was higher when daily steps were low, irrespective of sitting (low SB/low steps OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.03–4.17 high SB/low steps OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.36–5.32). High sitting and low activity increased obesity odds among adults. Irrespective of sitting, men with low step counts had increased odds of obesity. The findings highlight the importance of engaging in physical activity and limiting sitting.
Encouraging Physical Activity and Discouraging Sedentary Behavior in Children and Adolescents
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
Compartmentalized chitooligosaccharide/ferritin particles for controlled co-encapsulation of curcumin and rutin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CARBPOL.2022.119484
Abstract: Compartmentalized carriers, containing multiple compartments, are receiving growing attention and are envisioned to be efficient vehicles for simultaneous encapsulation of different bioactive compounds or drugs. Herein, a two-step fabrication of chitooligosaccharide/ferritin (COS/Fn) particles containing compartmentalized cavities was reported by self-assembly of ferritin nanocages and COS. The COS/Fn particles exhibit a sphere-like morphology with nano-scale diameters depending on the COS/Fn ratio. Electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonds are responsible for the generation of COS/Fn particles. By taking advantage of the multiple compartments of COS/Fn particles, curcumin and rutin molecules can be simultaneously encapsulated within COS/Fn particles in a compartmentalized manner. More importantly, the loading ratio of curcumin and rutin within COS/Fn particles can be easily controlled. Besides, the COS/Fn particles exhibit great protective capability against thermal treatment for internalized cargos. Overall, this work may promote future efforts to apply ferritin nanocages for the compartmentalized encapsulation of different bioactive compounds or drugs.
Correlates of pedometer-measured and self-reported physical activity among young Australian adults
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2011.04.006
Abstract: Accurately quantifying physical activity is important for investigating relations with potential correlates, but past studies have mostly relied on self-report measures, which may be susceptible to error and biases, limiting interpretability. This study aimed to examine correlates of pedometer-determined physical activity and compare them with correlates of self-reported physical activity. Cross-sectional data were taken from 2017 Australian adults (aged 26-36 years) who were involved in the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health follow-up study during 2004-2006. Daily steps were recorded for seven days using Yamax pedometers and physical activity (total min/week) was reported via the long International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Demographic, biological, behavioral, psychological, social and environmental factors were assessed. Lower education, blue collar occupation and higher mental health score (men) and low-moderate alcohol intake (women) were positively associated with self-report and pedometer-measured activity. Among men, body mass index (BMI) was inversely and physical health score was positively associated with pedometer-measured activity while smoking, low to moderate alcohol intake, higher general health and urban area of residence were positively associated with self-reported activity. Among women, age and general health status were positively associated and number of live births inversely associated with pedometer-measured activity, while lower education, blue collar occupation, part time employment, smoking, diet, higher physical health score and higher mental health score were positively associated and white collar occupation inversely associated with self-reported activity. Many physical activity correlates differed depending on the measure employed researchers should be mindful of these differences when selecting measures of physical activity.
What predicts children's active transport and independent mobility in disadvantaged neighborhoods?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.HEALTHPLACE.2017.02.003
Abstract: This study examined two year changes in children's active transport and independent mobility and prospective associations between in idual, social and physical environmental predictors of interest and these behaviors two years later. Overall, 43.5% of children (12.0±2.1 years) used active transport on the school journey at T1 and at T2 (p=0.77), and 35.3% engaged in independent mobility on the school journey at T1 and 29.6% at T2 (p=0.07). Enjoyment, parental safety concerns, and proximity to walking tracks were associated with independent mobility on the school journey. Road safety and social norms were associated with active transport and independent mobility to local destinations. These factors provide potential targets for interventions.
Individual, Social, and Physical Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity Among Young Women at Risk of Depression
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1123/JPAH.8.1.133
Abstract: A number of factors have been identified as important correlates of physical activity (PA) among young women. Young women at risk of depression have a greater likelihood of being physically inactive and it is unknown whether correlates differ for women at risk and not at risk of depression. A s le of 451 women aged 18 to 35 years self-reported leisure-time PA, enjoyment of and self-efficacy for walking and vigorous PA, barriers, social support, access to sporting/leisure facilities, and access to sporting equipment in the home. Depression risk was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (cut point ≥5). Logistic regression analyses examined differences in PA correlates among women at risk and not at risk of depression. Self-efficacy for vigorous PA was statistically different between groups in predicting odds for meeting PA recommendations but odds ratios were similar across groups. No other significant interactions between correlates and depressive symptoms were identified. The findings suggest few differences in the in idual, social, and physical environmental correlates of PA among young women who are and are not at risk of depression. Further research is needed to confirm the existence of any PA correlates specific to this high-risk target group.
Factors associated with physical activity promotion in the allied health setting: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Structure maintainability of safflomin/betanin incorporated gelatin-chitooligosaccharide complexes based high internal phase emulsions and its combinational 3D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Do the Individual, Social, and Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity Differ Between Urban and Rural Women?
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 26-12-2010
Abstract: In this article, associations between in idual, social, and environmental factors and physical activity among 3,669 women (18-45 years) living in socioeconomically disadvantaged urban and rural areas were compared. In 2007-2008, participants reported levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and transport-related physical activity (TRPA) as well as five in idual, four social, and three environmental factors. Physical activity self- efficacy demonstrated stronger associations with LTPA among urban relative to rural women child care was associated with LTPA and intentions with TRPA among urban women only, and enjoyment was associated with TRPA among rural women only. Correlates of physical activity among urban and rural women were generally similar, although some tailoring of physical activity promotion strategies may be warranted.
Impacts of life-events on sitting, TV viewing and computer use among women from disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-09-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-022-14190-W
Abstract: Little is known about how life events such as changes in parental or employment status influence sedentary behaviour (SB). Women from disadvantaged neighbourhoods are at particular risk of poor health, therefore, in this population group this study aimed to determine between changes in parental and employment status with sitting, television viewing (TV), and computer time. Women (18–45 years) from socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods self-reported their employment status, number of children, sitting, TV, and computer time [(baseline ( n = 4349), three ( n = 1912) and 5 years ( n = 1560)]. Linear (sitting) and negative binomial (TV and computer time) multilevel models adjusted for confounders were used to estimate the SB association with changes in life events. Compared to women who never had children during the study period, less sitting and computer time was observed for women when number of children remained unchanged, had their first child or additional child, and fewer children ( 18 years). Less TV was observed for women when number of children remained unchanged. Compared to women who remained employed full-time during the study period, sitting and computer time decreased among women when they decreased or increased their working hours or when remained employed part-time/not working. TV time increased among women when they decreased their working hours. Among women, declines in SB were observed amongst those experiencing life events. Interventions to decrease SB may consider targeting women with no children, and future research should further explore how changes in employment type (e.g., non-manual to manual jobs) impact SB.
Edible films from chitosan-gelatin: Physical properties and food packaging application
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Associations between Education and Personal Income with Body Mass Index among Australian Women Residing in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.4278/AJHP.120316-QUAN-143
Abstract: The aims of the current study were to (1) determine the association between personal income and body mass index (BMI) and between in idual education and BMI, and (2) examine the association between education and BMI across strata of personal income among women. The design of the study was a quantitative analysis of data from self-report questionnaires. The study setting was socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods in Victoria, Australia. The study included 4065 nonpregnant women (ages 18–45 years) living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. The study used a self report questionnaire measuring sociodemographic characteristics known to be associated with BMI. Multiple linear regressions with imputation were used to assess the association between education level, personal income, and BMI, while controlling for covariates. Mean (SD) observed BMI was 26.0 (6.1) kg/m 2 . Compared with women with low education, women with medium (b = −0.81 95% confidence interval, −1.30 to −0.27 p = .004) and high (b = −1.71 95% confidence interval, −2.34 to −1.09 p .001) education had statistically significantly lower BMI values. No differences in BMI were observed between income categories. Stratified analyses suggested that the education-BMI association may be stronger in low-income than higher-income women. Our data show that among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, high education level rather than personal income may be protective against overweight/obesity. High personal income, however, may buffer the effects of low education on BMI. Obesity prevention efforts should target women with lified disadvantage.
Physical Activity and Food Environments in and around Schools: A Case Study in Regional North-West Tasmania
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-05-2022
Abstract: A better understanding of the physical activity (PA) infrastructure in schools, the walkability of neighborhoods close to schools, and the food environments around schools, particularly in rural, socioeconomically challenged areas such as the North-West (NW) of Tasmania, could be important in the wider effort to improve the health of school-age children. Accordingly, this research aimed to assess PA resources, walkability, and food environments in and around schools in three socioeconomically disadvantaged, regional/rural Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Tasmania, Australia. A census of schools (including assessment of the PA infrastructure quality within school grounds), a walkability assessment, and a census of food outlets surrounding schools (through geospatial mapping) were executed. Most of the schools in the study region had access to an oval, basketball/volleyball/netball court, and free-standing exercise equipment. In all instances (i.e., regardless of school type), the quality of the available infrastructure was substantially higher than the number of incivilities observed. Most schools also had good (i.e., within the first four deciles) walkability. Numerous food outlets were within the walking zones of all schools in the study region, with an abundance of food outlets that predominantly sold processed unhealthy food.
The importance of family support to engage and retain girls in male dominated action sports. A qualitative study of young people's perspectives
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.771
Abstract: Social support is positively correlated with physical activity (PA), especially amongst girls, but is underexplored in male‐dominated action sports (e.g., mountain biking, skateboarding and surfing). This study explored family level social support needs and experiences of girls and boys in three action sports. Aspiring, current or former Australian adolescent (12–18 years girls n = 25 boys n = 17) mountain bikers, skateboarders and/or surfers were in idually interviewed (telephone/Skype) in 2018/2020. A socio‐ecological framework guided the semi‐structured interview schedule. Audio‐recordings were transcribed verbatim and data analysed thematically using a constant comparative approach. Family level social support was highly influential in young people's participation in action sports, with its absence a common reason for no or discontinued engagement amongst girls. Parents and siblings were the main social support providers with extended family (e.g., grandparents, aunts/uncles, cousins) also notable. Participation (current ast/co‐) was the main social support type followed by emotional (e.g., encouragement), instrumental (e.g., transport, equipment/funding) and informational (e.g., coaching) support. Girls were inspired/encouraged by brothers but boys were not inspired/encouraged by sisters boys and girls co‐participated with both parents but co‐participating and being inspired by fathers was most common, especially amongst girls fathers were more commonly the main transport provider if they co‐participated with their child fathers mostly provided initial coaching only boys were taught equipment maintenance by parents. Sport‐related organisations/groups have numerous opportunities to improve girls' representation in action sports by fostering family level social support through various means. Intervention strategies should be tailored to account for gendered participation differences.
Recent advances in gelatine and chitosan complex material for practical food preservation application
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-10-2021
DOI: 10.1111/IJFS.15340
Abstract: Both gelatine and chitosan are safe, odourless, edible, biodegradable, biocompatible, cost‐efficient and commercially available biopolymers, which promotes the possibility of forming complex. Many factors, including origin, molecular weight, deacetylation degree, pH, salts, concentration, temperature, active materials, modifiers, etc., could impose effect on the process of producing gelatine‐chitosan complex. The formed gelatine‐chitosan complex has excellent physicochemical properties such as antibacterial property and antioxidant property, and could effectively preserve practical food (such as meat, vegetables and fruits). This article comprehensively reviews recent advances in factors affecting the complex forming process and practical food preservation application of gelatine‐chitosan complex. It aims to provide an overview of the value of gelatine‐chitosan complex as an effective preservation alternative in food technology.
What factors are associated with physical activity promotion in the podiatry setting? A cross-sectional study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Body-mass index trajectories from childhood to mid-adulthood and their sociodemographic predictors: Evidence from the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
Unlocking the potential of a novel setting to promote physical activity among knee osteoarthritis patients- a parkrun feasibility study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Recent advances in engineered chitosan-based nanogels for biomedical applications
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7TB01624G
Abstract: Recent progress in the preparation and biomedical applications of engineered chitosan-based nanogels has been comprehensively reviewed.
Patterns and predictors of sitting among women from disad-vantaged neighbourhoods over time: A 5-year prospective cohort study
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-04-2021
Abstract: Background: Our aim was to describe patterns of sitting over time and determine the sociodemographic predictors of sitting over time among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Methods: Women age between 18 and 45 years (mean = 34.4 ±8.1, n = 4349) reported their sitting time, sociodemographic (e.g., age), and health (e.g., body mass index) three times over 5 years. Linear mixed modelling was used to determine the predictors of change in sitting over time, adjusting for covariates. Results: Mean baseline sitting time was 40.9 h/week, decreasing to 40.1 h/week over five years. Greater sitting time was reported in participants ≤25 years of age, living with obesity, living in urban areas, self-reported poor/fair health, working full-time, with higher education, never married and with no children. Annually, the average sitting time decreased by 0.4 h/week (95% CI −0.7 to −0.05) in women working full-time but increased by 0.1 h/week (95% CI −0.2 to 0.6) who were not working. Similarly, annual sitting time decreased by 0.6 h/week (95% CI −0.2 to 1.3) in women with no children but increased by 0.4 h/week (95% CI −0.2 to 0.5) and 0.9 h/week (95% CI 0.3 to 1.3) among those with two and three/more children, respectively. Conclusion: Among disadvantaged women, those not working and with two or more children may be at particular risk for increased sitting time and warrant further attention.
Cardiometabolic Risk in Younger and Older Adults Across an Index of Ambulatory Activity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.AMEPRE.2009.05.020
Abstract: Pedometers are increasingly being used to assess population levels of physical activity and as motivational tools for in iduals to increase their physical activity. To maximize their utility, a framework for classifying pedometer-determined activity into meaningful health-related categories is needed. This study investigated whether a pedometer step index proposed by Tudor-Locke and Bassett can effectively group younger and older adults according to cardiometabolic health status. Analyses (conducted in 2008) used cross-sectional data from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health study (1793 adults aged 26-36 years collected 2004-2006) and from the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort study (1014 adults aged 50-80 years collected 2002-2006). Participants wore a pedometer for 7 days and the prevalence of cardiometabolic health indicators, including the metabolic syndrome, elevated Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth risk scores, and elevated Framingham risk scores, was examined across the following step categories: sedentary ( or = 12,500). With the exception of younger men, in iduals achieving > or = 5000 steps had a substantially lower prevalence of adverse cardiometabolic health indicators than those obtaining fewer steps. Differences in the prevalence of adverse indicators were generally modest across higher steps-per-day categories. However, younger men and women in the high-active category had a substantially lower prevalence of some adverse health indicators. In general, the proposed index for classifying pedometer activity effectively distinguishes cardiometabolic health risk. Pedometers may be a useful tool for objectively identifying inactive in iduals at greatest risk for poor cardiometabolic health.
Collagen Glycopeptides from Transglutaminase-Induced Glycosylation Exhibit a Significant Salt Taste-Enhancing Effect
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 24-05-2023
Trends in children's physical activity and weight status in high and low socio-economic status areas of Melbourne, Victoria, 1985-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2005
DOI: 10.1111/J.1467-842X.2005.TB00204.X
Abstract: To examine trends in active transport to and from school, in school sport and physical education (PE), and in weight status among children from high and low socio-economic status (SES) areas in Melbourne, Victoria, between 1985 and 2001. Cross-sectional survey data and measured height and weight from 1985 (n=557) and 2001 (n=926) were compared for children aged between 9-13 years within high and low SES areas. From 1985 to 2001, the frequency of walking to or from school declined (4.38 +/- 4.3 vs. 3.61 +/- 3.8 trips/wk, p<0.001), cycling to or from school also declined (1.22 +/- 2.9 vs. 0.36 +/- 1.5 trips/wk, p<0.001), and the frequency of PE lessons declined (1.64 +/- 1.1 vs. 1.18 +/- 0.9 lessons/wk, p<0.001). However, the frequency of school sport increased (0.9 +/- 1.22 vs. 1.24 +/- 0.8 sessions/wk, p<0.001). In 1985, 11.7% of children were overweight or obese compared with 28.7% in 2001 (p<0.001). Apart from walking to school and school sport, there were greater relative declines in cycling to school and PE, and increases in overweight and obesity among children attending schools in low SES areas compared with those attending schools in high SES areas. Declines in active school transport and PE have occurred at the same time as increases in overweight and obesity among Australian children. Promoting active school transport and maintaining school sport and PE should be important public health priorities in Australia. Current inequities in school sport and PE and in prevalence of overweight and obesity by area-level SES also need to be addressed.
Flexographic and screen printing of carboxymethyl chitosan based edible inks for food packaging applications
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Socioeconomic position and physical activity among women in Melbourne, Australia: Does the use of different socioeconomic indicators matter?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2012.01.031
Abstract: This study aimed to identify which indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) are independently associated with leisure-time physical activity among women. In 2005, women (n = 1166 18-65 years) from Melbourne, Australia, reported their own (education, occupation, income), their partner's (education, occupation), their household (home ownership, ability to cope with income), and their neighbourhood (area-level) SEP, and leisure-time physical activity. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations between SEP indicators and leisure-time physical activity categorized as: none (no min/week reference group), insufficient (1-149 min/week), and sufficient (≥150 min/week). In the fully adjusted model, lower education, lower partner's education (where applicable), and non-home ownership were independently associated with between 33% and 50% lower odds of sufficient physical activity, while lower income and lower area-level SEP were associated with 40% lower odds of insufficient physical activity. Understandings of socioeconomic inequalities in physical activity among women may be enhanced if a range of SEP indicators are used, particularly education, partner's education and home ownership.
Socio-demographic, behavioural and health-related characteristics associated with active commuting in a regional Australian state: evidence from the 2016 Tasmanian Population Health Survey
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-10-2020
DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.428
Abstract: Physical activity is lower and rates of preventable common diseases are higher in regional/rural than urban Australia. Active commuting (walking/bicycling to get from one place to another) may benefit health through increased physical activity, but most evidence of its correlates come from urban studies. This study aimed to investigate associations between active commuting, socio‐demographic characteristics, behaviours, total physical activity and health in a regional/rural Australian state. This study used data from the 2016 Tasmanian Population Health Survey, a representative cross‐sectional self‐report survey of 6,300 adults in Tasmania, Australia. Logistic regression modelling investigated associations between socio‐demographic, behavioural and health characteristics and past week active commuting frequency. In multivariable models, being younger, having tertiary qualifications, living in a socio‐economically advantaged area, being physically active, having a healthy body mass index and good/excellent self‐rated health were associated with engaging in more active commuting. Inner regional dwellers were no more likely than outer regional dwellers to actively commute after covariate adjustment. Strategies to promote active commuting in regional/rural areas might consider targeting older adults, those less educated, those living in socio‐economically disadvantaged areas, those less physically active, those with poorer health and those with higher body mass index. Research could further investigate why these groups appear to be less active for commuting purposes. Increasing physical activity and active commuting may help to reduce rates of preventable common diseases in regional/remote areas.
Personal, social and environmental determinants of resilience to physical inactivity amongst socioeconomically disadvantaged women
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 29-10-2010
DOI: 10.1093/HER/CYN054
Abstract: While sex and socio-economic disparities in physical activity have been well documented, not all disadvantaged women are inactive. This study aimed to examine correlates of achieving recommended levels of physical activity among women of low socio-economic position. In 2005, a population-based s le of 291 women with low educational attainment provided survey data on leisure time physical activity (LTPA). Participants reported potential personal (enjoyment and self-efficacy barriers intentions guilt and priorities routines and scheduling occupational physical activity television viewing), social (support from family/friends social participation sport/recreation club membership dog ownership) and environmental (aesthetics safety local access footpaths interesting walks busy roads to cross heavy traffic) correlates of physical activity. Nearly 40% of participants achieved recommended LTPA (150 min week(-1)). Multivariable analyses revealed that higher levels of self-efficacy for walking [prevalence ratio (PR) 2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-3.53], higher enjoyment of walking (PR 1.48, 95% CI 1.04-2.12), greater intentions to be active (PR 1.97, 95% CI 1.12-3.45) and having set routines for physical activity (PR 1.91, 95% CI 1.18-3.09) were significantly associated with achieving recommended LTPA. Personal factors were the characteristics most strongly associated with achieving recommended levels of LTPA among women from socio-economically disadvantaged backgrounds.
Rheological characterization and simulation of chitosan-TiO 2 edible ink for screen-printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Factors associated with change and stability in adherence to muscle-strengthening guidelines among young Australian adults: A longitudinal study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Body Mass Index Trajectories From Childhood to Mid-Adulthood and Their Sociodemographic Predictors: Evidence From the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.3987080
Letter – Recruiting hard-to-reach populations: lessons from a study of women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas of Victoria, Australia
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1071/HE10243
Social-ecological predictors of physical activity patterns: A longitudinal study of women from socioeconomically disadvantaged areas
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.YPMED.2020.105995
Abstract: Limited longitudinal evidence of the predictors of physical activity (PA) patterns over time exists, particularly among high-risk groups such as women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. This study aimed to: 1) describe leisure-time PA (LTPA) and transport-related PA (TRPA) patterns over time and 2) identify in idual, social and physical environmental predictors of LTPA and TRPA patterns over five years. Baseline (2007-08) data were collected and analysed (2016-18) from n = 4349 women (18-46 years) from disadvantaged areas of Victoria, Australia. Three- and five-year follow-up data were collected in 2010-11 (n = 1912) and 2012 (n = 1560). LTPA and TRPA were self-reported using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and patterns categorised as consistently low, persistently increasing, persistently decreasing, or inconsistent. Compared to a consistently low LTPA pattern, greater family support predicted both persistent decreases (odds ratio [OR] 1.20, 95% CI 1.05-1.36) and persistent increases (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.32) in LTPA, while access to childcare predicted inconsistent LTPA patterns (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.03-2.65). For both LTPA and TRPA, PA enjoyment predicted persistent increases (LTPA: OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.10 TRPA: OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.07), persistent decreases (LTPA: OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.08 TRPA OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.99-1.08), and inconsistent patterns (LTPA: OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07 TRPA: OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06). Although directionality was inconsistent, and the magnitude of effects were small, PA enjoyment, family social support for PA and access to childcare warrant further investigation and consideration as potentially key factors impacting PA patterns among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
Effect of sorbitol on stabilisation of gardenia blue and food 2D /3D printing
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-09-2023
DOI: 10.1111/IJFS.16661
Abstract: The stability of gardenia blue is challenged under light and heat. Gardenia blue was designed to be microencapsulated using gelatin, magnesium stearate and sorbitol, and the stabilization effects and food application were investigated. Effect of sorbitol was studied by CIELab colorimeter, particle size meter, SEM, absorbance, FTIR, XRD, Raman spectrum, and rheometer. Appropriate‐content sorbitol could effectively enhance color, help maintain a low nano size structure, and promote the UV irradiation stability of gardenia blue encapsulated complex systems, which is mainly owing to the hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions and hydrophobic interactions among components. These interactions induced by sorbitol also facilitated the shear‐thinning properties and excellent thermal stability of the complex systems. When writing & drawing on food, and 2D/3D printing food, the complex s le demonstrated the clear color and outstanding effects. The gardenia blue microencapsulated complex systems provide some reference for stabilizing natural functional materials and illustrates potential application value in food decoration and food functionalization.
Effect of enzymatic-ultrasonic hydrolyzed chitooligosaccharide on rheology of gelatin incorporated yogurt and 3D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Exploration of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) Inhibitory Peptides from Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx mori) Proteins Based on In Silico and In Vitro Assessments
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 03-2022
Abstract: This study aimed at exploring dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides from silkworm pupae proteins by
Design of Chlorophyll Ink and Its 2D Printing Applications
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2022
trips4health: a single-blinded randomised controlled trial incentivising adult public transport use for physical activity gain
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-08-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S12966-023-01500-7
Abstract: Public transport users tend to accumulate more physical activity than non-users however, whether physical activity is increased by financially incentivising public transport use is unknown. The trips4health study aimed to determine the impact of an incentive-based public transport intervention on physical activity. A single-blinded randomised control trial of a 16-week incentive-based intervention involved Australian adults who were infrequent bus users (≥ 18 years used bus ≤ 2 times/week) split equally into intervention and control groups. The intervention group were sent weekly motivational text messages and awarded smartcard bus credit when targets were met. The intervention group and control group received physical activity guidelines. Accelerometer-measured steps/day (primary outcome), self-reported transport-related physical activity (walking and cycling for transport) and total physical activity (min/week and MET-min/week) outcomes were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Due to the COVID pandemic, the trial was abandoned prior to target s le size achievement and completion of all assessments ( N = 110). Steps/day declined in both groups, but by less in the intervention group [-557.9 steps (-7.9%) vs.-1018.3 steps/week (-13.8%)]. In the intervention group, transport-related physical activity increased [80.0 min/week (133.3%) 264.0 MET-min/week (133.3%)] while total physical activity levels saw little change [35.0 min/week (5.5%) 25.5 MET-min/week (1.0%)]. Control group transport-related physical activity decreased [-20.0 min/week (-27.6%) -41.3 MET-min/week (-17.3%)], but total physical activity increased [260.0 min/week (54.5%) 734.3 MET-min/week (37.4%)]. This study found evidence that financial incentive-based intervention to increase public transport use is effective in increasing transport-related physical activity These results warrant future examination of physical activity incentives programs in a fully powered study with longer-term follow-up. This trial was registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry August 14th, 2019: ACTRN12619001136190 www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=377914& isReview=true
Effect of microwave extraction temperature on the chemical structure and oil-water interface properties of fish skin gelatin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Rheology of edible food inks from 2D/3D/4D printing, and its role in future 5D/6D printing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Physical activity correlates in young women with depressive symptoms: a qualitative study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-01-2010
Abstract: Young women are at high risk for developing depression and participation in physical activity may prevent or treat the disorder. However, the influences on physical activity behaviors of young women with depression are not well understood. The aim of this study was to gather in-depth information about the correlates of physical activity among young women with and without depressive symptoms. A s le of 40 young women (aged 18-30 years), 20 with depressive symptoms (assessed using the CES-D 10) and 20 without depressive symptoms participated in one-on-one semi-structured interviews. A social-ecological framework was used, focusing on the in idual, social and physical environmental influences on physical activity. Thematic analyses were performed on transcribed interview data. The results indicated several key themes that were unique to women with depressive symptoms. These women more often described negative physical activity experiences during their youth, more barriers to physical activity, participating in more spontaneous than planned activity, lower self-efficacy for physical activity and being influenced by their friends' and family's inactivity. Interventions designed to promote physical activity in this important target group should consider strategies to reduce/overcome early life negative experiences, engage support from family and friends and plan for activity in advance.
3D printing surimi enhanced by surface crosslinking based on dry-spraying transglutaminase, and its application in dysphagia diets
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Women's work. Maintaining a healthy body weight
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.APPET.2009.04.221
Abstract: This study describes women's perceptions of the supports and barriers to maintaining a healthy weight among currently healthy weight women from urban and rural socio-economically disadvantaged areas. Using focus groups and interviews, we asked women about their experiences of maintaining a healthy weight. Overwhelmingly, women described their healthy weight practices in terms of concepts related to work and management. The theme of 'managing health' comprised issues of managing multiple responsibilities, time, and emotions associated with healthy practices. Rural women faced particular difficulties in accessing supports at a practical level (for ex le, lack of childcare) and due to the gendered roles they enacted in caring for others. Family background (in particular, mothers' attitudes to food and weight) also appeared to influence perceptions about healthy weight maintenance. In the context of global increases in the prevalence of obesity, the value of initiatives aimed at supporting healthy weight women to maintain their weight should not be under-estimated. Such initiatives need to work within the social and personal constraints that women face in maintaining good health.
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Start Date: 05-2010
End Date: 12-2013
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