ORCID Profile
0000-0003-0794-2810
Current Organisations
University of Sydney
,
University of Tasmania
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-08-2021
DOI: 10.1111/RESP.14117
Abstract: The link between respiratory and vascular health is well documented in adult populations. Impaired lung function is consistently associated with thicker arteries and higher incidence of cardiovascular disease. However, there are limited data on this relationship in young children and the studies that exist have focussed on populations at high risk of cardiorespiratory morbidity. We determined if an association exists between respiratory and cardiovascular function in young children and, if so, whether it is confounded by known cardiorespiratory risk factors. Respiratory and vascular data from a prospective cohort study established to evaluate the health implications 3 years after coal mine fire smoke exposure in children aged 3–5 years were used. Respiratory function was measured using the forced oscillation technique and included resistance at 5 Hz ( R 5 ), reactance at 5 Hz ( X 5 ) and area under the reactance curve (AX). Vascular health was measured by carotid intima‐media thickness (ultrasound) and pulse wave velocity (arterial tonometry). Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between the respiratory Z ‐scores and cardiovascular measures. Subsequent analyses were adjusted for potential confounding by maternal smoking during pregnancy, maternal education and exposure to fine particulate matter .5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM 2.5 ). Peripheral lung function ( X 5 and AX), but not respiratory system resistance ( R 5 ), was associated with vascular function. Adjustment for maternal smoking, maternal education and early life exposure to PM 2.5 had minimal effect on these associations. These observations suggest that peripheral lung stiffness is associated with vascular stiffness and that this relationship is established early in life.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2018.03.052
Abstract: Adverse health effects of particulate matter (PM) vary with chemical composition however, evidence regarding which elements are the most detrimental is limited. The roof space area provides an open and stable environment for outdoor PM to settle and deposit. Therefore, this study used roof space PM s les as a proxy of residential cumulative exposure to outdoor air pollution to investigate their pro-inflammatory effects on human lung cells and the contribution of the endotoxin and chemical content. Roof space PM s les of 36 different homes were collected and analysed using standardised techniques. We evaluated cytotoxicity and cytokine production of BEAS-2B cells after PM exposure using MTS and ELISA, respectively. Principle component analysis (PCA) and linear regression analyses were employed to assess the associations between cytokine production and the PM components. PM caused significant time- and dose-dependent increases in cellular cytokine production (p < 0.05). PCA identified four factors that explained 68.33% of the variance in the chemical composition. An increase in Factor 1 (+Fe, +Al, +Mn) score and a decrease in Factor 2 (-Ca, +Pb, +PAH) score were associated with increased interleukin (IL)-6 (Factor 1 p = 0.010 Factor 2 p = 0.006) and IL-8 (Factor 1 p = 0.003 Factor 2 p = 0.020) production, however, only the association with Factor 1 was evident after correcting for endotoxin and particle size. Our study provides novel insight into the positive associations between pro-inflammatory effects of roof space PM s les with Fe, Al and Mn levels.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2019.113340
Abstract: Evidence of health effects following early life exposure to short-to-medium duration of high pollution levels is extremely limited. We aimed to evaluate the associations between: 1. intrauterine exposure to fine particulate matter (PM All participants were recruited from the Latrobe Valley of Victoria, Australia. Participants' 24-h average and hourly peak mine fire-specific PM We included 286 of 311 children whose parents consented to be linked, comprising 77 with no exposure, 88 with intrauterine exposure and 121 with exposure in infancy. 10- and 100- μg m Exposure to coal mine fire emissions during infancy was associated with increased dispensing of antibiotics. This could reflect increased childhood infections or increased prescriptions of antibiotics in the year following the fire.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-06-2019
DOI: 10.1111/RESP.13617
Abstract: Long-term respiratory risks following exposure to relatively short periods of poor air quality early in life are unknown. We aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to a 6-week episode of air pollution from a coal mine fire in children aged <2 years, and their lung function 3 years after the fire. We conducted a prospective cohort study. In idual exposure to 24-h average and peak concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM Of the 203 infants originally recruited, 84 aged 4.3 ± 0.5 years completed FOT testing. Median (interquartile range, IQR) for average and peak PM Infant exposure to coal mine fire emissions could be associated with long-term impairment of lung reactance.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CCT.2017.10.015
Abstract: Physical activity is positively associated with survival and quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Despite these benefits, the majority of breast cancer survivors are insufficiently active. The potential health benefits of reducing sedentary behaviour (sitting time) in this population have not been extensively investigated. The ACTIVATE Trial will evaluate the efficacy of an intervention that combines wearable technology (the Garmin Vivofit2®) with traditional behavioural change approaches to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour performed by breast cancer survivors. This randomised controlled trial includes inactive, postmenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer who have completed their primary treatment. Participants are randomly assigned to the primary intervention group (Garmin Vivofit2® behavioural feedback and goal setting session and, five telephone-delivered health coaching sessions) or to the wait-list control group. The primary intervention is delivered over a 12-week period. The second 12-week period comprises a maintenance phase for the primary intervention group, and an abridged intervention (Garmin Vivofit2® only) for the wait-list control group. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour are assessed by accelerometry at baseline (T1), end of intervention (T2), and end of maintenance phase (T3). The ACTIVATE Trial is one of the first studies to incorporate wearable technology into an intervention for cancer survivors. If the use of wearable technology (in combination with behaviour change strategies, or alone) proves efficacious, it may become an inexpensive and sustainable addition to the health promotion strategies available to health care providers in the cancer survivorship context. ACTRN12616000175471.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-09-2022
DOI: 10.1002/CAM4.5179
Abstract: Gastric cancer liver metastasis (GCLM) patients usually accompany by abnormal serum liver function tests (LFTs) more or less however, the prognostic value of LFTs is not fully understood. This study aimed to develop a liver chemistry score (LCS) based on LFTs and incorporate it into prognosis determination for GCLM patients who received palliative chemotherapy. Data were derived from hospitalized GCLM patients in two general hospitals in China. LCS was generated based on the results of LFTs by LASSO regression. Cutoff value of the score was determined by restricted cubic spline. The score was then incorporated into Cox regression analysis to construct a predictive nomogram the model was then evaluated internally and externally by AUC of time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and calibration curves. Three hundred and thirty-six and 72 patients were included in development and validation cohort, respectively. LASSO regression analysis in development cohort finally reached a two-parametric LCS calculated on AST and ALP levels as 0.03343515 × ln (AST, U/L) + 0.02687997 × ln (ALP, U/L), and 0.232 was set as optimal cutoff value. Patients in low (LCS < 0.232) or high (LCS ≥ 0.232) score group experienced different survival times median OS was 13.54 (95% CI: 11.1-15.6) months in the low LCS group and 7.3 (6.6-9.3) months in the high LCS group (p < 0.001). A nomogram including LCS and other clinical parameters was constructed and showed superior performance than model not including LCS. AUC of 6-month ROC improved from 0.647 (95% CI: 0.584-0.711) to 0.699 (0.638-0.759) in internal validation, and 0.837 (0.734-0.940) to 0.875 (0.784-0.966) in external validation. Liver chemistry score is useful in determining the prognosis of gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis and may be helpful to clinicians in decision-making.
No related grants have been discovered for Jingyi Shao.