ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8716-0036
Current Organisation
Deakin University
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Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 28-07-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FENVS.2021.700415
Abstract: Terrestrial sources of marine debris on beaches are substantial, increasing, and are primarily a result of mismanaged waste on land. The scale, source, and composition of beached marine debris in New Zealand was determined by surveying 41 beaches, with triplicate belt transects, across the North and South Islands. Results demonstrated a significant spatial variance, with the South Island showing a significantly higher mean density than the more populated North Island by count as well as by weight. The majority of all anthropogenic marine debris detected was plastic and arrived through the water. Explanations for regional variances in debris presence are difficult to ascertain with certainty but could not be explained by population density and proximity. These findings contribute to the understudied field of marine debris research in New Zealand and the Southern Hemisphere and provide a starting point for evidence-based mitigation. Recommended changes to future monitoring programs are made. This first national baseline study of marine debris in New Zealand serves as a reference for follow-up studies, including research at other locations.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-10-2023
DOI: 10.1111/GEB.13781
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 23-07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2018.08.016
Abstract: Plastic ingestion by wedge-tailed shearwaters (WTS) nesting at near-shore and offshore sites along the east coast of Australia were investigated. Ingestion rates were at 20% in near-shore lavaged WTS, where the beaches were significantly more polluted, compared to 8% in birds at offshore sites. The material and colour of recovered plastics at offshore sites differed significantly between beach surveys and that ingested by seabirds in the same area. This pattern was not evident near-shore. Hence, in near-shore environments birds may feed locally and are influenced by nearby plastics, compared to birds offshore. The origins of marine debris between near-shore and offshore beaches differed with land-based sources unsurprisingly having more influence on near-shore sites. The findings of this study indicate the need for localised data to address and manage this pollutant, with nesting seabirds at greater risk in near-shore environments. A preliminary modified ecological quality objective for WTS is presented.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-10-2020
DOI: 10.1111/DDI.13167
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-04-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2007.01.005
Abstract: Biosecurity management allows countries to meet a number of international obligations and provides some protection from potential degradation of environmental, economic, social and cultural values. Ocean governance relies on the precepts of ecologically sustainable development to manage the multiple uses in the coastal zone. The increasing reliance on aquaculture to provide food security and economic development has led to an increase in the use of non-native target species grown as food sources. Increased economic activity has led to shifting trade patterns and increased efficiencies in vessels with the resulting increase in the number of introduced marine species via ballast water and hull fouling. Herein we review the different marine biosecurity strategies and legislation that have been implemented internationally and locally that aid in preventing and managing introduced marine species, with some attention to Australia and New Zealand as ex les. Typical tools being used include quarantine, Import Health Standards, voluntary cleaning guidelines, and risk assessment, all of which aim to prevent introductions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-04-2017
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 17-01-2007
Abstract: C bell, M. L. and Gallagher, C. 2007. Assessing the relative effects of fishing on the New Zealand marine environment through risk analysis – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 256–270. Risk analysis is a tool often used by management to aid decision-making. We present a risk-analysis framework that was developed to facilitate managing New Zealand fisheries. Using catch-effort and observer data, the likelihood that a certain fishery will impact upon five effects of fishing (EoF) issues (non-target species, bio ersity, habitat, trophic interactions, and legislated protected species) is determined. The consequences (impact and/or change) of such events are then determined to determine a relative risk ranking across fisheries. Consequence matrices were developed to assess each of the five EoF categories. To illustrate the model, a 13-y data set of New Zealand fisheries catch-effort and observer data was analysed, using orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) as an ex le fishery. The New Zealand fisheries management framework follows a traditional model in which socio-political imperatives are determined (through risk assessment) after ecological impacts are assessed. By maintaining separation between ecological and socio-political imperatives, a transparent and objective framework is established.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1071/PC15020
Abstract: Worldwide, marine biological invasions of non-native species have increased significantly in recent years due to a rapid rise in global trade, transport and tourism. Invasions occur when non-native species are transported from one region to another and establish, often resulting in competition displacing native species and changing ecosystems. Historic literature searches were conducted along with e surveys of the main ports and in sites around the archipelago in order to produce a baseline of which non-native species are present in the Galapagos Marine Reserve at this time. Confounding processes of anthropogenic and natural activities are increasing the potential spread of marine invasive species in the Eastern Tropical Pacific and the Galapagos Marine Reserve. We discuss the potential vectors facilitating marine invasions with the suggestion that marine traffic could be the most influential vector in the transport of marine non-natives to the Galapagos Marine Reserve. The challenge for marine park authorities is to identify those species that are likely to cause negative impacts on native bio ersity and ecosystems before they establish in the Galapagos, and to develop pre-emptive strategies that would likely include prevention as well as risk-based management strategies to remove them or to mitigate their harmful effects.
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2013.03.043
Abstract: Expert judgement is often used to mitigate the knowledge gaps that limit understanding of aquatic non-indigenous species (ANS) impacts (consequences) to environmental, economic, social, cultural and human health values. To understand how this uncertainty may affect expert decision making, we explored the presence and effects of uncertainty on consequence assessment for 10 ANS by scientists and managers. We hypothesized species' distribution, taxonomy and impact type will affect assessment magnitude. These hypotheses were partially supported. We also hypothesized a difference in the relationship between consequence magnitude and uncertainty, based on assessor group. This set of hypotheses was not supported, as all group assessments had a significant negative correlation between consequence and uncertainty. Both scientists and managers assigned lower consequence when faced with knowledge gaps and other forms of uncertainty. This aligns with an "innocent until proven guilty" or hindsight approach, as opposed to a "guilty until proven innocent" or precaution approach. Based on these outcomes, the experts appeared to make decisions in violation of both the maximin principle and precaution, instead using a heuristic approach. We suggest several management strategies to prevent biases against environmental protection that occur due to use of the hindsight approach.
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 17-10-2014
DOI: 10.3354/ESR00623
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2005
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 11-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-12-2018
DOI: 10.1111/NPH.14944
Abstract: The influence of soil temperature on rhizome depths of four intertidal seagrass species was investigated in central Queensland, Australia. We postulated that certain intertidal seagrass species are soil temperature-sensitive and vertically stratify rhizome depths. Below-ground vertical stratification of intertidal seagrass rhizome depths was analysed based upon microclimate (soil temperature) and microhabitat (soil type). Soil temperature profiles exhibited heat transfer from surface layers to depth that varied by microhabitat, with vertical stratification of rhizome depths between species. Halodule uninervis rhizomes maintain a narrow median soil temperature envelope compensating for high surface temperatures by occupying deeper, cooler soil substrates. Halophila decipiens, Halophila ovalis and Zostera muelleri rhizomes are shallow-rooted and exposed to fluctuating temperatures, with broader median temperature envelopes. Halodule uninervis appears to be a niche specialist, with the two Halophila species considered as generalist niche usage species. The implications of niche use based upon soil temperature profiles and rhizome rooting depths are discussed in the context of species' thermal tolerances and below-ground biomass O
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-09-2014
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 15-08-2016
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 2012
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 05-08-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-01-2010
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2012.05.018
Abstract: The drivers (social) and pressures (physical) of marine debris have typically been examined separately. We redress this by using social and beach surveys at nine Tasmanian beaches, across three coastlines and within three categories of urbanisation, to examine whether people acknowledge that their actions contribute to the issue of marine debris, and whether these social drivers are reflected in the amount of marine debris detected on beaches. A large proportion (75%) of survey participants do not litter at beaches with age, gender, income and residency influencing littering behaviour. Thus, participants recognise that littering at beaches is a problem. This social trend was reflected in the small amounts of debris that were detected. Furthermore, the amount of debris was not statistically influenced by the degree of beach urbanisation, the coastline s led, or the proximity to beach access points. By linking social and physical aspects of this issue, management outcomes can be improved.
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2014.07.060
Abstract: Many seabirds are impacted by marine debris through its presence in foraging and nesting areas. To determine the extent of this problem, marine debris use in nest material of the brown booby (Sula leucogaster) in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, was investigated. Nine cays were examined using beach and nest surveys. On average, four marine debris items were found per nest (n=96) with 58.3% of surveyed nests containing marine debris. The source of marine debris in nests and transects were primarily oceanic. Hard plastic items dominated both nest (56.8%) and surveyed beaches (72.8%), however only two item types were significantly correlated between these surveys. Nest surveys indicated higher levels of black and green items compared to beach transects. This selectivity for colours and items suggest these nests are not good indicators of environmental loads. This is the first study to examine S. leucogaster nests for marine debris in this location.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 14-08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2013.03.017
Abstract: We present the first evidence of ingestion of plastic by seabirds from the southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. The occurrence of marine debris ingestion in the wedge-tailed shearwater, Ardenna pacifica, on Heron Island was the focus of this preliminary research. Our findings indicate that 21% of surveyed chicks are fed plastic fragments by their parents, having ingested 3.2 fragments on average. The most common colours of ingested plastic fragments were off/white (37.5%) and green (31.3%). Ingested fragments had a mean size of 10.17±4.55 mm and a mean weight of 0.056±0.051 g. Our results indicate that further research is critical to understanding the extent of ingestion, colour preferences, and what impacts ingestion may have on these and other seabird populations in the GBR.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1038/475036A
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2003
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 09-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2017.08.040
Abstract: Both the invasion of non-indigenous marine species (NIMS) and the generation and accumulation of anthropogenic marine debris (AMD) are pervasive problems in coastal urban ecosystems. The biosecurity risks associated with AMD rafting NIMS have been described, but the role of aquaculture derived AMD has not yet been investigated as a biosecurity vector and pathway. This preliminary study targeted 27 beaches along the Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand, collecting debris from belt transects. Plastic (specifically plastic rope) was the dominant AMD present on beaches. The most common biofouling taxa were hydroids, bryozoans, algae and polychaetes, with one NIMS pest species, Sabella spallanzanii, detected fouling plastic rope. Our findings demonstrate that aquaculture is an AMD (plastic rope) generating activity that creates biosecurity risk by enhancing the spread of NIMS. The rafting of S. spallanzanii on AMD generated at aquaculture facilities is currently an unmanaged pathway within New Zealand that needs attention.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 24-09-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-01-2013
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.10.137
Abstract: The environmental, social and cultural importance of beaches permeates human society, yet the risk of human injury associated with increasing exposure to anthropogenic beach litter remains an unknown. While the impact of marine debris and beach litter on marine and coastal fauna and flora is a widely reported global issue, we investigate the impact on human health in New Zealand. Anthropogenic beach litter is ubiquitous, few beaches remain pristine, which consequently influences tourist choices and potentially negatively interacts with humans. Human impacts are not well-investigated, with no quantitative studies of impact but many studies qualitatively inferring impact. New Zealand has a socialised medical system allowing a quantitative, decadal assessment of medical insurance claims to determine patterns and trends across ecosystems and causes. We demonstrate for the first time that anthropogenic beach litter poses a common and pervasive exposure hazard to all ages, with specific risk posed to young children. The New Zealand system allows these hazards to be investigated to determine the true effects and costs across a nation, providing an evidence base for decision-makers to address this ubiquitous environmental issue.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 12-2007
DOI: 10.1515/BOT.2007.038
Abstract: Macroalgae are a significant component of historic and modern invasions, with association to a wide variety of transport mechanisms. These transport mechanisms pose specific constraints on the ways by which species can be taken up, transported and released into a new environment. Currently operating transport mechanisms for marine macroalgae are either associations with intentional introductions (translocations for aquaculture, aquarium or live seafood trade) or accidental introductions (mainly as hull-fouling). A number of potential management options exist, including the development of international instruments and regional agreements. The development of treatment options for hull fouling, the most significant and poorly managed transport mechanism for macroalgae, is of urgent need. Our current ability to identify which species are likely to invade next is limited. However, an examination of the synergies between species' functional traits, transport constraints, and recipient community attributes will likely provide possible options in the future.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2007.01.015
Abstract: Countries need to know what species are present within their waters to effectively manage the issue of non-indigenous marine species. Five survey methods are currently employed to detect introduced marine species: the Hewitt and Martin protocols (66% of effort 73 ports, 12 countries) Rapid Assessment Surveys (7% of effort 8 regions, 4 countries) the Bishop Museum protocols (7% of effort 8 ports, 3 countries) the Chilean aquaculture surveys (1% of effort numerous regions 1 country) and Passive S ling protocols (18% of effort 20 ports, 2 countries). These methods use either quantitative, qualitative, or a mixture of the two s ling techniques and tend to target locations that are potential inoculation sites (i.e., such as ports, marinas and aquaculture facilities). To date, introduced marine species surveys have been implemented in 19 countries and have detected more than 1185 non-indigenous, 735 cryptogenic and 15,315 native species.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-02-2017
Abstract: We evaluated two risk models (bioregion pathway and species-based exposure), with the aim to determine an effective strategy to implement marine biosecurity risk management in regions/countries where biological data are limited. We used the Port of Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, as a case study to test both models. The bioregion pathway model illustrates that Tanjung Priok is highly connected to the East Asian Sea (∼91%), and the Northwest Pacific, Mediterranean, and Australia & New Zealand bioregions (“Very Low” risk), with other bioregions posing “Negligible” risk, highlighting the importance of understanding regional port linkages. The bioregion pathway model strength is grounded by using readily available shipping data however, it does not classify species into threat categories but considers a larger number of species as an increasing threat. The species exposure model found that 51 species pose a theoretical risk (10 “Moderate”, 20 “High”, and 21 “Extreme” risks) to Tanjung Priok. These 51 species can be used as a “watch list” for this port. If biosecurity measures for this port were restricted to the outcomes of the bioregion pathway model only 4 of the 51 species highlighted by the species exposure model would have been captured. The species model was data intensive, requiring extensive species datasets and consequently may be unsuitable when data are limited.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-06-2011
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2011.593715
Abstract: Biofouling of vessels is implicated as a high risk transfer mechanism of non-indigenous marine species (NIMS). Biofouling on international vessels is managed through stringent border control policies, however, domestic biofouling transfers are managed under different policies and legislative arrangements as they cross internal borders. As comprehensive guidelines are developed and increased compliance of international vessels with 'clean hull' expectations increase, vessel movements from port to port will become the focus of biosecurity management. A semi-quantitative port to port biofouling risk assessment is presented that evaluates the presence of known NIMS in the source port and determines the likelihood of transfer based on the NIMS association with biofouling and environmental match between source and receiving ports. This risk assessment method was used to assess the risk profile of a single dredge vessel during three anticipated voyages within Australia, resulting in negligible to low risk outcomes. This finding is contrasted with expectations in the literature, specifically those that suggest slow moving vessels pose a high to extreme risk of transferring NIMS species.
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-07-2007
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre Oy (REABIC)
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2004
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-05-2008
Abstract: C bell, M. L. 2008. Organism impact assessment: risk analysis for post-incursion management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 795–804. Risk analysis is a management tool that is becoming increasingly common in biosecurity because it aids decision-making in the face of uncertainty. A risk analysis model [referred to as an organism impact assessment (OIA)] is described, one that was developed in New Zealand to facilitate the management of incursions of introduced aquatic species in a post-border (after quarantine is breached) scenario. The New Zealand biosecurity risk-management framework assesses ecological, cultural, social, and economic values congruently, ensuring that a transparent and objective framework is established with clearly stated ecological and socio-political imperatives. Using expert heuristics and published and observed data, the present study assesses the likelihood that a target introduced species will have ecological, cultural, social, and economic impacts. The consequences (impact and/or change) of such events are then determined, to establish a relative risk ranking, using consequence matrices to aid assessment of the ecological, cultural, social, and economic value impacts of species unintentionally introduced to New Zealand. To illustrate the risk model, the OIA for the incursion of the fresh-water diatom Didymosphenia geminata is presented. The likelihood and consequences resulting in risk pertaining to the introduction of D. geminata varied across regions, but based on public perception at the initial incursion location, Southland, D. geminata was considered to be an extreme risk across all core values.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-05470-2
Abstract: Reduced competition is a frequent explanation for the success of many introduced species. In benthic marine biofouling communities, space limitation leads to high rates of overgrowth competition. Some species can utilise other living organisms as substrate (epibiosis), proffering a competitive advantage for the epibiont. Additionally, some species can prevent or reduce epibiotic settlement on their surfaces and avoid being basibionts. To test whether epibiotic pressure differs between native and introduced species, we undertook ex situ experiments comparing bryozoan larval settlement to determine if introduced species demonstrate a greater propensity to settle as epibionts, and a reduced propensity to be basibionts, than native species. Here we report that introduced species opportunistically settle on any space (bare, native, or introduced), whereas native species exhibit a strong tendency to settle on and near other natives, but avoid settling on or near introduced basibionts. In addition, larvae of native species experience greater larval wastage (mortality) than introduced species, both in the presence and absence of living substrates. Introduced species’ ability to settle on natives as epibionts, and in turn avoid epibiosis as basibionts, combined with significantly enhanced native larval wastage, provides a comprehensive suite of competitive advantages contributing to the invasion success of these biofouling species.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVRES.2011.02.004
Abstract: The importation and use of microalgae as live feeds for aquaculture and research poses significant marine biosecurity risks as it represents a poorly or unregulated mechanism for the introduction of non-native species. In many jurisdictions, the importation of a good is controlled by an Import Health Standard (IHS) however within New Zealand, no IHS explicitly exists for microalgae and no import risk assessments have occurred. This represents an unregulated pathway that requires urgent management attention. To address this problem, an 8-step decision-tree (based on non-probabilistic if/then statements) was developed. The decision-tree applies the same set of criteria to all species and strains, ensuring that future importation of microalgae could be assessed in a consistent, robust, transparent, and defensible manner. To assess the validity of the decision-tree, all New Zealand microalgae imports from 1998 to 2005 were assessed using the decision-tree and then compared against a derived risk assessment for the same dataset. Microalgae imports that pose a risk to New Zealand have been imported and released into the environment, indicating that this unregulated pathway needs improved biosecurity management. Both aquaculture and research agencies are responsible for releasing microalgae imports. The decision-tree was a more conservative method than a derived risk assessment process.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARPOLBUL.2014.01.015
Abstract: We examined if there is truth to the preconceptions that non-resident workers (including FIFO/DIDO's) detract from communities. We used marine debris to test this, specifically focussing on littering behaviour and evidence of awareness of local environmental programs that focus on marine debris. Littering was most common at recreational areas, then beaches and whilst boating. Twenty-five percent of respondents that admit to littering, reported no associated guilt with their actions. Younger respondents litter more frequently. Thus, non-resident workers litter at the same rate as permanent residents, visitors and tourists in this region, within this study. Few respondents are aware of the environmental programs that operate in their local region. Awareness was influenced by a respondent's residency (non-residents are less aware), age, and level of education. To address this failure we recommend that industries, that use non-resident workers, should develop inductions that expose new workers to the environmental programs in their region.
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.4103/CS.CS_19_76
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 05-09-2015
Abstract: Indonesia is a bio ersity hotspot threatened with new introductions of marine species. As with many countries, Indonesia has a stratified shipping network of international ports linked to a large suite of domestic ports. We developed a hub and spoke network model to examine the risk associated with the secondary transfer of introduced marine species from the port hub of Tanjung Priok in Jakarta Bay to the 33 Indonesian provinces (including other ports in the Jakarta province). An 11-year shipping dataset was used (vessel next port of call records for maritime vessels that originated in Jakarta Bay and that remained in domestic waters) to derive a province ranking of vulnerability. Fifteen provinces represented almost 94% of the traffic frequency, with East Java and Jakarta provinces dominating. All urban provinces featured within the top seven highest frequency traffic provinces. Traffic patterns reflect an intra-coastal reliance on shipping, with traffic frequency decreasing with distance from Jakarta Bay. Provinces were regionalized into three categories (L ung to East Java, Makassar Straits, and Malacca Straits) each with different vulnerabilities based on their values.
No related grants have been discovered for Marnie Campbell.