ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7724-3831
Current Organisation
Murdoch University
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Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2009
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1071/ZO99057
Abstract: Multiple prey capture, the behaviour of a predator attacking prey whilst handling a previously caught item, occurs in a variety of spiders that do not build webs. The effects of recent feeding history on the frequency of multiple prey attacks, handling time, ingestion rate, and intercatch intervals were examined experimentally in the wolf spider Lycosa lapidosa McKay. Juvenile spiders were subjected to two different feeding regimes (starvation for 14 and 28 days) and then provided with two different prey types (blowflies, Lucilia cuprina, and crickets, Acheta domestica). These two starvation levels or prey types had little effect on the frequency (75%) of multiple prey attacks. Spiders ingested approximately half the weight of any captured prey, regardless of how many prey items they attacked. At the same time, the handling time per prey item decreased with an increasing number of prey attacked. This indicates a more efficient ingestion rate when more prey are consumed. While the attacking time for the first prey was the same for all treatments, the first intercatch interval was longer for spiders that were starved longer. Chronically starved L. lapidosa appear to secure a previously caught item rather than optimise their capture rate by attacking further available prey.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-01-2022
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 07-12-2022
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.A7OQ2
Abstract: A new monotypic Australian genus in the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is described, Quokkaraneus gen. nov., with Q. necopinus (Keyserling, 1887) comb. nov. as type species. Morphologically the new genus has affinities with the Australasian clade informally termed 'backobourkiines', due to the presence of a single patellar macroseta and the median apophysis forming an arch over the radix in the male pedipalp. It distinctly differs from other genera of this clade by somatic characters, such as a unique white cephalic and/or thoracic area and abdomen. Some genitalic characters are also diagnostic amongst the backobourkiines, such as a C-shaped median apophysis with pointed tip, triangular terminal apophysis and prominent concave conductor in males, and a very broad female epigyne scape. Quokkaraneus necopinus comb. nov. occurs in southern Australia, from western Victoria to south-western Western Australia.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2004
Abstract: Necrotic arachnidism continues to be attributed to wolf spider bites. This study investigates the clinical effects of bites by wolf spiders in Australia (family Lycosidae). Subjects were recruited prospectively from February 1999 to April 2001 from participating emergency departments or state poison information centers. Subjects were included if they had a definite bite by a wolf spider and had collected the spider, which was later identified by an arachnologist. Spiders were identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible and cephalothorax width was measured to correlate bite effects and spider size. There were 45 definite wolf spider bites (23 male and 22 female patients age range 1 to 69 years, median age 28 years). Species level identifications (14 species) were possible for 31 of 43 spiders belonging to seven different generic groupings. Most bites were by spiders from four generic groupings, Tasmanicosa (including 'Lycosa') (15), Venatrix (8), Venator (10), and Hogna (7). Bites occurred more commonly in south-eastern Australia and occurred throughout the year, with 7 bites (16%) in late autumn or winter. In 7 cases (16%) the person was swimming in or cleaning a pool. Seventy-two percent of bites occurred on distal parts of limbs. Pain occurred in all bites and was severe in 11 cases (24%), with a median duration of 10 min (IQR: 2-60 min). Other effects included puncture marks/bleeding (33%), swelling (20%), redness (67%), and itchiness (13%). Minor systemic effects occurred in three patients (7%): nausea (two), headache (one) and malaise (one). There were no cases of necrotic ulcers [0% 97.5% CI 0-8%]. Tasmanicosa spider bites caused significantly more itchiness and redness, and large spiders (>5 mm) more often caused severe pain and left fang marks. Wolf spider bites cause minor effects, no more severe than most other spiders, and do not appear to cause necrotic ulcers. The effects are likely to be due to mechanical injury, although minor local envenomation occurs with Tasmanicosa bites.
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2005
DOI: 10.1636/05-4.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JIP.2017.05.010
Abstract: Metarhizium anisopliae has a wide range of coleopteran hosts, including weevils. Some susceptible insects are known to modify their behavior to prevent infection, typically detecting virulent strains by olfaction, and avoiding physical contact with sources of infection. Laboratory olfactometer assays were conducted on the sweetpotato weevil Cylas formicarius to test the hypothesis that insects would avoid a more virulent strain of M. anisopliae when presented with a strain of low virulence or an untreated control. When adult weevils were allowed to choose between paired test arenas containing sweetpotato roots and M. anisopliae isolates on agar cores, weevils avoided arenas with the highly virulent isolate QS155, showing a preference for either roots with uninoculated agar cores or cores with the low virulence isolate QS002-3. When roots or whole sweetpotato plants were inoculated with M. anisopliae, the preferences of weevils remained broadly similar weevils were repelled by the highly virulent isolate QS155 when tested against either QS002-3 or uninoculated roots and plants, however weevils were not repelled by the low virulence isolate QS002-3 tested against uninoculated controls. When single-sex groups of weevils were tested separately in the olfactometer using uninoculated whole plants and plants treated with isolate QS155, males and females responded similarly and statistically identical preferences were found for the untreated plants. When weevils were released singly at different times of the day the response time for males was significantly shorter in the afternoon compared to the morning. Males were always significantly faster to respond to olfactory stimuli than females. Understanding factors that may lead to avoidance of virulent M. anisopliae strains by C. formicarius will be an essential part of developing an 'attract-and-infect' strategy for the management of C. formicarius.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 31-12-2018
Abstract: The wolf spider (Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833) genus Artoria Thorell, 1877 is revised for New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia, to include 34 species, 21 of which are new to science: A.albopilata (Urquhart, 1893), A.alta Framenau 2004, A.beaury sp. n. , A.barringtonensis sp. n. , A.belfordensis sp. n. , A.berenice (L. Koch, 1877), A.bondi sp. n. , A.booderee sp. n. , A.comleroi sp. n. , A.corowa sp. n. , A.equipalus sp. n. , A.extraordinaria sp. n. , A.flavimana Simon, 1909, A.gloriosa (Rainbow, 1920), A.grahammilledgei sp. n. , A.helensmithae sp. n. , A.howquaensis Framenau, 2002, A.kanangra sp. n. , A.kerewong sp. n. , A.lineata (L. Koch, 1877), A.maroota sp. n. , A.mckayi Framenau, 2002, A.mungo sp. n. , A.munmorah sp. n. , A.myallensis sp. n. , A.quadrata Framenau, 2002, A.slatyeri sp. n. , A.strepera sp. n. , A.taeniifera Simon, 1909, A.terania sp. n. , A.triangularis Framenau, 2002, A.ulrichi Framenau, 2002, A.victoriensis Framenau, Gotch & Austin, 2006, and A.wilkiei sp. n. Lycosapruinosa L. Koch, 1877, currently listed in Artoria , is considered a nomen dubium. Artoria are largely forest dwellers, although some species have preferences for more open areas such as riparian or coastal environments or grasslands. Consequently, the genus mainly occurs east and west along the Great Dividing Range, although some species can be found into the Riverina, Cobar Peneplain and Darling Riverine Plains IBRA regions to the west.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 15-01-2007
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.1391.1.1
Abstract: new Australian wolf spider genus Artoriopsis is established with Artoriopsis expolita (L. Koch, 1877), comb. nov. as type species. Six further species, A. anacardium sp. nov., A. eccentrica sp. nov., A. joergi sp. nov., A. klausi sp. nov., A. melissae sp. nov. and A. whitehouseae sp. nov. complete the Australian fauna. Artoriopsis gen. nov. shows affinities with the Australasian genera Artoria Thorell, 1877 and Anoteropsis Koch, 1877, but differs by a distinct colour pattern of the opisthosoma (a dark diamond-shaped spot is cut in half by the light lanceolate cardiac mark). The basoembolic apophysis of the male pedipalp is narrowest at its base and comparatively weakly sclerotised, whereas it is widest at its base and strongly sclerotised in Artoria and inverted L-shaped in Anoteropsis. The median septum of the female epigyne forms a distinct plate that covers the atrium, although it is reduced in A. eccentrica sp. nov. and A. joergi sp. nov. Representatives of the genus Artoriopsis gen. nov. have so far only been found in Australia, where they are most erse in the southern half of the country, although one species, A. anacardium sp. nov., is known from the tropical north. A new wolf spider subfamily, Artoriinae (type genus Artoria Thorell, 1877), is established to accommodate the following genera: Anoteropsis L. Koch, 1878, Artoria Thorell, 1877 (= Lycosula Roewer, 1960, syn. nov.), Artoriopsis gen. nov., Diahogna Roewer, 1960, Lycosella Thorell 1890, Notocosa Vink, 2002, Syroloma Simon, 1900, Tetralycosa Roewer, 1960, and two unnamed genera. The new synonymy of Lycosula with Artoria places the following species into Artoria: A. thorelli (Berland, 1929) comb. nov., A. hebridisiana (Berland, 1938), comb. nov. and A. minima (Berland, 1938) comb. nov. Artoriinae subfam. nov. are characterised by the presence of a basoembolic apophysis on the male pedipalp, unique within the Lycosidae. Artoriinae subfam. nov. are restricted to the Oriental, Australasian and Pacific regions with the centre of ersity in Australia and New Zealand.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 16-04-2009
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.2073.1.2
Abstract: The examination of type material of presumed Australian orb-weaving spiders as part of a revision of the Araneidae of this country revealed that a number of species are not from Australia. The Natural History Museum, Vienna (Austria) holds the type material of three species of orb-weaving spiders that were originally described from Australia, however all of the species are undoubtedly of American, most likely southern Brazilian, origin and it is unlikely that they were collected in Australia. We propose the following synonymies and generic transfers: Acacesia tenella (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (= Acacesia cornigera Petrunkevitch, 1925 new synonymy) Alpaida navicula (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (= Alpaida roemeri (Strand, 1908) new synonymy) and Eustala mucronatella (Roewer, 1942) comb. nov. In addition, Novearanea queribunda (Keyserling, 1887) comb. nov. (= Araneus quaesitus (Keyserling, 1887) new synonymy = Novaranea laevigata (Urquhart, 1891) new synonymy) is a New Zealand orb-weaving spider based on the labels that were found with the type specimens housed at the Natural History Museum, London (England). In the original description no locality data was given for N. queribunda and “Australien” was erroneously listed for A. quaesitus.
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2007
DOI: 10.1636/ST06-15.1
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 11-10-2021
Abstract: Abstract Mouse spiders (genus Missulena Walckenaer, 1805) are a lineage of trapdoor spiders with males of many species having a brightly coloured red cephalic region, an abdomen that is tinged metallic blue, and the habit of wandering during the day in search of a mate. A total of 17 species of Missulena have been described in Australia to date but most descriptions are based exclusively on males and always small numbers of specimens. Here, we describe three new species of Missulena from the Pilbara and Goldfields regions of Western Australia based on morphology and genetic data: Missulena davidi sp. nov. (male and female), M. iugum sp. nov. (male) and M. manningensis sp. nov. (male). One of them is presently known only from its type locality and another one from a small range based on two specimens but M. davidi sp. nov. has a linear range of almost 300 km and is genetically highly structured. We use genetic data for 75 specimens as a foundation to evaluate morphological variability in this species and note substantial variation in several characters commonly used to identify species such as body size, colouration, rastellum shape and eye distances. This variation does not necessarily relate to phylogeographic structure as inferred from the genetic data, but rather seems to reflect natural variability both within and between localised populations. Overall, our results stress the need to evaluate a large series of specimens for mygalomorph taxonomy and provide an interesting ex le of intraspecific variability in hard-to-collect species that are usually underrepresented in museum collections.
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2005
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 10-07-2012
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3383.1.3
Abstract: A study of selected species in the nemesiid spider genus Aname L. Koch, 1873 from the Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia was undertaken using molecular and morphological techniques. Bayesian and parsimony analyses of mitochondrial sequence data from the Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene found evidence for four species, confirming our initial morphological examination of adult male specimens. These four species are here described as A. mellosa n. sp., A. aragog n. sp., A. ellenae n. sp. and A. marae n. sp. Only the female of A. mellosa n. sp. is described.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 22-05-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2005
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1071/IS11011
Abstract: A major challenge confronting many contemporary systematists is how to integrate standard taxonomic research with conservation outcomes. With a bio ersity crisis looming and ongoing impediments to taxonomy, how can systematic research continue to document species and infer the ‘Tree of Life’, and still maintain its significance to conservation science and to protecting the very species it strives to understand? Here we advocate a systematic research program dedicated to documenting short-range endemic taxa, which are species with naturally small distributions and, by their very nature, most likely to be threatened by habitat loss, habitat degradation and climate change. This research can dovetail with the needs of industry and government to obtain high-quality data to inform the assessment of impacts of major development projects that affect landscapes and their biological heritage. We highlight how these projects are assessed using criteria mandated by Western Australian legislation and informed by guidance statements issued by the Environmental Protection Authority (Western Australia). To illustrate slightly different biological scenarios, we also provide three case studies from the Pilbara region of Western Australia, which include ex les demonstrating a rapid rise in the collection and documentation of erse and previously unknown subterranean and surface faunas, as well as how biological surveys can clarify the status of species thought to be rare or potentially threatened. We argue that ‘whole of biota’ surveys (that include all invertebrates) are rarely fundable and are logistically impossible, and that concentrated research on some of the most vulnerable elements in the landscape – short-range endemics, including troglofauna and stygofauna – can help to enhance conservation and research outcomes.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.1603/022.038.0608
Abstract: A temperature-driven process model was developed to describe the seasonal patterns of populations of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, in onions. The model used daily cohorts (in iduals of the same developmental stage and daily age) as the population unit. Stage transitions were modeled as a logistic function of accumulated degree-days to account for variability in development rate among in iduals. Daily survival was modeled as a logistic function of daily mean temperature. Parameters for development, survival, and fecundity were estimated from published data. A single invasion event was used to initiate the population process, starting at 1-100 d after onion emergence (DAE) for 10-100 d at the daily rate of 0.001-0.9 adults lant/d. The model was validated against five observed seasonal patterns of onion thrips populations from two unsprayed sites in the Riverina, New South Wales, Australia, during 2003-2006. Performance of the model was measured by a fit index based on the proportion of variations in observed data explained by the model (R (2)) and the differences in total thrips-days between observed and predicted populations. Satisfactory matching between simulated and observed seasonal patterns was obtained within the ranges of invasion parameters tested. Model best-fit was obtained at invasion starting dates of 6-98 DAE with a daily invasion rate of 0.002-0.2 adults lant/d and an invasion duration of 30-100 d. Under the best-fit invasion scenarios, the model closely reproduced the observed seasonal patterns, explaining 73-95% of variability in adult and larval densities during population increase periods. The results showed that small invasions of adult thrips followed by a gradual population build-up of thrips within onion crops were sufficient to bring about the observed seasonal patterns of onion thrips populations in onion. Implications of the model on timing of chemical controls are discussed.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 15-03-2012
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3235.1.3
Abstract: The subfamily Artoriinae Framenau, 2007 is here firstly recorded from China, by reporting Artoria parvula Thorell, 1877and Artoria ligulacea (Qu, Peng & Yin, 2009) comb. nov. from Yunnan Province. These records, the first of the genusnorth of the Tropic of Cancer, represent a considerable range extension of the subfamily, which is considered of Gondwanan origin.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1071/IT01008
Abstract: The Australasian lycosid genus Venatrix Roewer, 1960, with Venator fuscus Hogg, 1900 as type, is reinstated and redefined to include 22 species as follows: Venatrix funesta (C. L. Koch, 1847), comb. nov. (= Venator fuscus Hogg, 1900 syn. nov.) V. penola, sp. nov. V. australiensis, sp. nov. V. roo, sp. nov. V. mckayi, sp. nov. V. koori, sp. nov. V. archookoora, sp. nov. V. pictiventris (L. Koch, 1877), comb. nov. V. hickmani, sp. nov. V. allopictiventris, sp. nov. V. speciosa (L. Koch, 1877), comb. nov. (= Lycosa mayama McKay, 1976 syn. nov.) V. esposica, sp. nov. V. pseudospeciosa, sp. nov. V. brisbanae (L. Koch, 1878), comb. nov. V. forsteri, sp. nov. V. lapidosa (McKay, 1974), comb. nov. V. fontis, sp. nov. V. furcillata (L. Koch, 1867), comb. nov. V. arenaris (Hogg, 1905), comb. nov. V. pullastra (Simon, 1909), comb. nov. V. goyderi (Hickman, 1944), comb. nov. (= Lycosa howensis McKay, 1979 syn. nov.) and V. hoggi, sp. nov. Hogna albosparsa (L. Koch, 1876) is considered nomen dubium. Venatrix comprises species mainly found in temperate forests and open areas near watercourses, lakes and springs. Notes on the distribution together with maps, zoogeography and subfamilial placement of Venatrix are given. A solution is proposed to resolve confusion over the dates of some of Roewer’s publications.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2007
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 22-12-2017
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 20-05-2022
DOI: 10.3897/ZOOKEYS.1102.82388
Abstract: A new Australasian genus in the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is described to include seven species: Salsa fuliginata (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (type species = Epeira rubicundula Keyserling, 1887) syn. nov. ) (Australia, introduced to New Zealand) S. brisbanae (L. Koch, 1867) comb. nov. (Australia) S. canalae (Berland, 1924) comb. nov. (New Caledonia) S. neneba sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea) S. recherchensis (Main, 1954) comb. nov. (Australia) S. rueda sp. nov. (Australia) and S. tartara sp. nov. (Australia Lord Howe Island endemic). Salsa gen. nov. belongs to the Australasian informal backobourkiine clade and differs from other genera of this clade by a distinct abdominal shape (single posterior abdominal tubercle) and ventral colouration (pale lateral spindle-shaped bands), male pedipalp morphology (C-shaped median apophysis that has teeth-like tubercles inside the basal arch) and the shape of the female epigyne scape (partially translucent and generally shorter than the epigyne plate). Based mainly on male pedipalp morphology within the backobourkiines, Salsa gen. nov. has closest morphological affinities with Acroaspis Karsch, 1878 and Socca Framenau, Castanheira & Vink, 2022.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 16-01-2023
Abstract: A new monotypic genus in the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is described from Australia: Abba gen. nov. , with Abba transversa (Rainbow, 1912) comb. nov. as the type species. It differs from all other genera in the family by somatic characters, specifically a patch of approximately five long spines on the prolateral surface of the first leg in males and an abdominal colouration with a pair of two central spots dorsally on a creamy-white surface. Specimens of A. transversa comb. nov. have been collected in Queensland and New South Wales, where the species is largely summer-mature. We also provide a genus level summary of all Australian Araneidae, currently consisting of 230 described species and eight subspecies in 46 genera.
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.40AOK
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.KOXTS
Abstract: The first species in the wolf spider genus Venator Hogg, 1900 from Tasmania is described based on males only of V. judyrainbirdae sp. nov. collected in Beechford.
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 12-2007
DOI: 10.1636/H07-04.1
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1071/IS10005
Abstract: The orb-weaving spider subfamily Arkyinae L. Koch, 1872 is exclusively found in the Australasian region and its taxonomy and the systematic relationships within and between genera of this subfamily are poorly understood. We here revise the arkyine genus Demadiana Strand, 1929 to include six Australian species, four of which are described as new: Demadiana simplex (Karsch, 1878) (type species), D. carrai, sp. nov., D. cerula (Simon, 1908), comb. nov., D. complicata, sp. nov., D. diabolus, sp. nov., and D. milledgei, sp. nov. A phylogenetic analysis based on an updated araneid morphological data matrix including 57 genera of orb-weaving spiders identified Demadiana as a member of the araneid subfamily Arkyinae. A separate phylogenetic analysis for the genus at the species level showed little resolution within Demadiana, but did identify a monophyletic Demadiana supported by three putative synapomorphies: small unique setal pits with spherical sockets covering the carapace, sternum and the bases of the paturon (chelicerae), an extreme elongation of the trumpet-like aggregate spigots of the posterior lateral spinnerets and a distinct curvature of the embolus. We detail several new generic and species synonymies within Arkyinae. Aerea Urquhart, 1891 (type species Aerea alticephala Urquhart, 1891) and Neoarchemorus Mascord, 1968 (type species N. speechleyi Mascord, 1968) are regarded as junior synonyms of Arkys Walckenaer, 1837 (type species A. lancearius Walckenaer, 1837), resulting in Arkys speechleyi (Mascord, 1968), comb. nov. Aerea magnifica Urquhart, 1893 and Archemorus simsoni Simon, 1893 are regarded as junior synonyms of Aerea alticephala Urquhart, 1891, and Arkys nitidiceps Simon, 1908 is proposed as a junior synonym of Arkys walckenaeri Simon, 1879.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 04-09-2023
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 02-11-2021
Abstract: The new genus Hortophora in the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is established to include 13 species from the Australasian-Pacific region, with ten species known from Australia (five of which new to science): Hortophora biapicata (L. Koch, 1871), comb. nov. (type species) (= Araneus biapicatifera Strand, 1907, syn. nov. = Epeira frosti Hogg, 1896, syn. nov. ) H. cucullus sp. nov. H. lodicula (Keyserling, 1887), comb. nov. (= Epeira scutigerens Hogg, 1900, syn. nov. ) H. megacantha sp. nov. H. porongurup sp. nov. H. tatianeae sp. nov. H. transmarina (Keyserling, 1865), comb. nov. ) (also known from Papua New Guinea) H. urbana (Keyserling, 1887), comb. nov. H. walesiana (Karsch, 1878), comb. nov. (= Epeira rhombocephala Thorell 1881, syn. nov. = Epeira lutulenta Keyserling, 1886, syn. nov. ) and H. yesabah sp. nov. The following species of Hortophora gen. nov. are recognised from the Pacific region but not revised in detail due to a lack of material, specifically mature males: Hortophora capitalis (L. Koch, 1871), comb. nov. (removed from synonymy with H. transmarina comb. nov. ) from Fiji, New Caledonia and Vanuatu H. flavicoma (Simon, 1880), comb. nov. from New Caledonia (incl. Loyalty Islands) and H. viridis (Keyserling, 1865), comb. nov. (removed from synonymy with H. transmarina comb. nov. ) from Samoa. Epeira thyridota Thorell, 1870 is here removed from synonymy with H. transmarina comb. nov. and transferred to Backobourkia Framenau, Dupérré, Blackledge & Vink, 2010, B. thyridota (Thorell, 1870), comb. nov. Hortophora gen. nov. includes medium-sized to large, nocturnal orb-weaving spiders typically with subtriangular to ovoid abdomen bearing humeral humps. The tibiae of the second leg in males is usually enlarged with numerous strong spines and an apico-ventral megaspur carrying a large spine in some species. Male pedipalps generally have an elongated, transverse median apophysis ending in a bifid tip in most species, a sinuous to straight embolus and a bubble-shaped terminal apophysis. The female epigyne scape is highly elongated and does not have a terminal pocket. Genital mutilation, i.e. breaking off the epigyne scape during copulation, is common in some species. Hortophora gen. nov. include the most frequently collected nocturnal orb-weaving spiders in Australia.
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1636/A08-54.1
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 16-04-2019
Abstract: As part of a current revision of the Australasian and Pacific orb-weaving spider fauna (family Araneidae Clerck, 1757), a number new combinations are proposed in the genera Acroaspis Karsch, 1878 (3 species), Carepalxis L. Koch, 1872 (1 species), Cyclosa Menge, 1866 (5 species), and Neoscona Simon, 1864 (7 species): Acroaspislancearia (Keyserling, 1887), comb. n. , A.mamillana (Keyserling, 1887), comb. n. , A.scutifer (Keyserling, 1886), comb. n. , Carepalxisfurcifera (Keyserling, 1886), comb. n. Cyclosaanatipes (Keyserling, 1887), comb. n. Cyclosaapoblepta (Rainbow, 1916), comb. n. Cyclosaargentaria (Rainbow, 1916), comb. n. Cyclosalichensis (Rainbow, 1916), comb. n. Cyclosapoweri (Rainbow, 1916), comb. n. Neosconadecolor (L. Koch, 1871), comb. n. Neosconaenucleata (Karsch, 1879), comb. n. Neosconaflavopunctata (L. Koch, 1871), comb. n. Neosconafloriata (Hogg, 1914), comb. n. Neosconagranti (Hogg, 1914), comb. n. Neosconainusta (L. Koch, 1871), comb. n. and Neosconanotanda (Rainbow, 1912), comb. n. The following two Australian species, currently placed in Araneus , are not Araneidae but comb-footed spiders (family Theridiidae Sundevall, 1833): Anelosimusdianiphus (Rainbow, 1916), comb. n. and Theridionxanthostichus (Rainbow, 1916), stat. and comb. n. The following six species are considered numina dubia as their type material is immature or otherwise unidentifiable (e.g. partly destroyed): Araneusacachmenus Rainbow, 1916 Araneusagastus Rainbow, 1916 Araneusexsertus Rainbow, 1904 Araneussuavis Rainbow, 1899 Carepalxiscoronata (Rainbow, 1896) and Heurodesturritus Keyserling, 1886. Heurodesfratellus (Chamberlin, 1924) is considered a nomen dubium and Heurodesporcula (Simon, 1877) is returned to Eriovixia Archer, 1951, Eriovixiaporcula (Simon, 1877). Type material of predominantly Australian species described by E. v. Keyserling (1 species), W. J. Rainbow (10 species), A. T. Urquhart (8 species), and C. A. Walckenaer (2 species) is here considered destroyed or otherwise lost. As it is impossible to identify these species from their original descriptions and considering the known spider fauna from their respective type localities, they are all considered numina dubia : Anepsiacrinita Rainbow, 1893 Epeiradiabrosis (Walckenaer, 1841) Epeira ersicolor Rainbow, 1893 Epeiraficta Rainbow, 1896 Epeirahamiltoni Rainbow, 1893 Epeiralacrymosa (Walckenaer, 1841) Epeiraleai Rainbow, 1894 Epeiramortoni Urquhart, 1891 Epeiranotacephala Urquhart, 1891 Epeiraobscurta Urquhart, 1893 Epeiraphalerata Urquhart, 1893 Epeirapronuba Rainbow, 1894 Epeirarara Keyserling, 1887 Epeirasingulara Urquhart, 1891 Epeirasub-flavida Urquhart, 1893 Epeirasimilaris Rainbow, 1896 (= Araneusurquharti Roewer, 1942 replacement name) Epeiraventriosa Urquhart, 1891 and Epeiraviridula Urquhart, 1891.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 07-10-2015
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4028.1.6
Abstract: The monotypic genus Nukuhiva Berland, 1935 with N. adamsoni (Berland, 1933) as type species, is re-described and transferred from the Pisauridae Simon, 1890 (fishing or nursery-web spiders) to the Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833 (wolf spiders) based on genitalic and somatic characters. Nukuhiva adamsoni, originally described from French Polynesia, appears to inhabit mountainous habitats of volcanic origin. Its troglobitic morphology--comparatively small eyes and pale, uniform coloration--suggest it to be associated with subterranean habitats such as caves or lava tubes, similar to the Hawaiian troglobitic species Lycosa howarthi Gertsch, 1973 and Adelocosa anops Gertsch, 1973.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-05-2006
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 17-03-2011
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.2793.1.4
Abstract: The orb-weaving spider genus Novaranea Court & Forster, 1988, previously known only from New Zealand, is here reported from Australia for the first time with the description of a new species. Generic affinities, here based on characteristic shapes of the median and terminal apophyses of the male pedipalp, remain somewhat ambiguous as some of the endemic New Zealand araneine genera remain to be tested within a rigorous phylogenetic analysis. Novaranea courti n. sp. is found in the southeastern parts of Australia, including New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania. Mature spiders are generally found between January and March, although some specimens were collected in April, June and November. Novaranea courti n. sp. appears to prefer forest habitats (e.g. Southern Beech (Nothofagus) forest and Eucalyptus/Casuarina woodland), but was also found in more open areas such as grassand heathland.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 31-05-2023
Abstract: A new Australian genus in the orb-weaving spider family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is described, Kangaraneus gen. nov. , with K. arenaceus (Keyserling, 1886) comb. nov. (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia) as the type species and also including two other species: Kangaraneus amblycyphus (Simon, 1908) comb. nov. (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia) and K. farhani sp. nov. (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania). The new genus is included in the informally termed Australasian ‘backobourkiine’ clade due to the presence of its putative synapomorphies, specifically a single patellar macroseta on the male pedipalp and its median apophysis forming an arch over the radix. It includes medium-sized orb-weaving spiders (total length 3–12 mm) with distinct humeral humps on the almost triangular abdomen. Therefore, within the backobourkiines, it is somatically most similar to Novakiella Court & Forster, 1993 but differs considerably in male genitalic characters, including a C-shaped median apophysis with an acute tip. Genitalia are most similar to those in Quokkaraneus Castanheira & Framenau, 2023 from which the new genus differs by the lack of the white colouration and the shape of the abdomen.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 06-11-2018
Abstract: Two new species in the tube-web spider genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 (Segestriidae Simon, 1893) are described from South Australia based on morphological features of both males and females. Ariadnaclavata sp. n. and Ariadnatangara sp. n. are widespread and sympatric on eastern Kangaroo Island, where they are found beneath bark, in borer holes in dead wood, and in short burrows under rocks. They have also been found in south-eastern mainland South Australia and bring the total number of described Australian Ariadna to 13 species. We showcase intraspecific variation in both species based on a significant number of specimens, including substantial size variation in females and variations in patterns of leg spination. For male Ariadna , we also establish the previously unknown functions of apophyses and spines on the metatarsi and tibiae on the first legs, which are used during mating to clasp the female.
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2006
DOI: 10.1636/H04-90.1
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 30-09-2020
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2007
DOI: 10.1636/H06-24.1
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 04-2008
DOI: 10.1636/H07-31.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2006
DOI: 10.1016/J.YMPEV.2005.09.004
Abstract: Current knowledge of the evolutionary relationships amongst the wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) is based on assessment of morphological similarity or phylogenetic analysis of a small number of taxa. In order to enhance the current understanding of lycosid relationships, phylogenies of 70 lycosid species were reconstructed by parsimony and Bayesian methods using three molecular markers the mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, NADH1, and the nuclear gene 28S rRNA. The resultant trees from the mitochondrial markers were used to assess the current taxonomic status of the Lycosidae and to assess the evolutionary history of sheet-web construction in the group. The results suggest that a number of genera are not monophyletic, including Lycosa, Arctosa, Alopecosa, and Artoria. At the subfamilial level, the status of Pardosinae needs to be re-assessed, and the position of a number of genera within their respective subfamilies is in doubt (e.g., Hippasa and Arctosa in Lycosinae and Xerolycosa, Aulonia and Hygrolycosa in Venoniinae). In addition, a major clade of strictly Australasian taxa may require the creation of a new subfamily. The analysis of sheet-web building in Lycosidae revealed that the interpretation of this trait as an ancestral state relies on two factors: (1) an asymmetrical model favoring the loss of sheet-webs and (2) that the suspended silken tube of Pirata is directly descended from sheet-web building. Paralogous copies of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene were sequenced, confounding the interpretation of the phylogenetic analysis and suggesting that a cautionary approach should be taken to the further use of this gene for lycosid phylogenetic analysis.
Publisher: Australian Museum
Date: 06-10-2021
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 04-07-2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT.ZACS1
Abstract: A new species in the ground spider genus Austrammo Platnick, 2002 is described from Barrow Island, A. barbaramarksae sp. nov., making it the second ground spider species to be described that is endemic to the island in addition to Barrowammo waldockae Platnick, 2002. Austrammo harveyi Platnick, 2002 is here also reported for the first time from Barrow Island.
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2007
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2009
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2009
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 23-04-2021
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4964.3.8
Abstract: The further collection and study of Chinese wolf spiders, family Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833, expand the known distribution of the subfamily Artoriinae Framenau, 2007 from Yunnan to Guangxi, Guizhou, and Sichuan Provinces of South China. Sinartoria gen. nov. is described to include two new species, S. damingshanensis sp. nov. (type species) and S. zhuangius sp. nov. In addition, a new Artoria species, A. hamata sp. nov. is described and new distribution records for A. ligulacea (Qu, Peng & Yin, 2009) and A. parvula Thorell, 1877 are provided. Within the Artoriinae, Sinartoria gen. nov. appears to be most similar to the South American Lobizon Piacentini & Grismado, 2009, but their relationship will remain contentious without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of artoriine genera.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JEN.12879
Abstract: This study investigated the interactions between insecticides (acephate and indoxacarb) and fungal entomopathogens ( Beauveria bassiana [Bals.‐Criv.] Vuill. strain B27, Metarhizium anisopliae [Metschn.] Sorokin strain ECS1, and a commercial B. bassiana product, Velifer ® Biological Insecticide) for controlling the macadamia seed weevil, Kuschelorhynchus macadamiae Jennings and Oberprieler, in the laboratory and glasshouse. In the laboratory, additive interactions between insecticides at their full field concentrations (776 mg AI/L of acephate and 75 mg AI/L of indoxacarb) and fungal entomopathogens at 10 7 conidia/ml (ECS1 and B27) or at full field concentration (0.5 ml of Velifer ® /L) were seen at 6 days and 12 days post‐application. Under the same experimental conditions, synergistic interactions against K. macadamiae were observed 6 days post‐application when fungal entomopathogens at 2.5 × 10 6 conidia/ml or at 25% of full field concentration (Velifer ® ) were co‐applied with insecticides at 25% of their full field concentrations, whilst additive interactions were again observed at 12 days post‐application. In the glasshouse, additive interactions between insecticides (at full field concentrations) and fungal entomopathogens (at 10 7 conidia/ml, or at full field concentration for Velifer ® ) were obtained at 6 days and 12 days post‐application. The results from this study suggest that acephate and indoxacarb have both synergistic and additive effects against K. macadamiae when deployed together with fungal entomopathogens, depending on the initial concentrations of mixture components. Combined application of entomopathogens with compatible insecticides promises to provide more effective management of K. macadamiae than in idual chemical applications.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-04-2019
DOI: 10.1111/CLA.12382
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 13-07-2022
Abstract: The new Australian orb-weaving spider genus Leviana gen. nov. is described to include five species, all known from both sexes: Leviana dimidiata (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (type species) (= Epeira sylvicola Rainbow, 1897 syn. nov. ), L. cincinnata sp. nov. , L. folium sp. nov. , L. minima sp. nov. and L. mulieraria (Keyserling, 1887) comb. nov. Male pedipalp morphology, specifically the presence of a single patella spine and the median apophysis forming an arch over the radix, place Leviana gen. nov. in the informal Australian ‘backobourkiine’ clade however, the genus differs from all other genera of this group by the presence of a spine inside the basal median apophysis arch of the male pedipalp, an epigyne that is wider than long with a scape that is approximately as long as the epigyne (but often broken off) and a lack of humeral humps on the elongate ovoid abdomen. In addition, unlike any other backobourkiine, Leviana gen. nov. incorporate a rolled leaf as retreat into the periphery of their web. Leviana gen. nov. species exhibit only a moderate sexual size dimorphism with female to male ratios between 1.3 and 1.7. Leviana gen. nov. occurs in eastern Australia from northern Queensland in the north to Victoria in the south, with a single tropical species, L. mulieraria comb. nov. , spreading into northern Western Australia.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2010
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 11-09-2015
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4013.4.5
Abstract: Species of the Australian wolf spider genus Venator are reviewed including the type species, V. spenceri Hogg, 1900, from south-eastern Australia and V. immansuetus (Simon, 1909) comb. nov., a common species in south-west Western Australia. Venator marginatus Hogg, 1900 is only known from two female specimens and the genital morphology of this species does not conform to the diagnosis of genus as presented here. Therefore V. marginatus is considered incerta sedis. Venator includes medium-sized (9.0-22 mm body length) wolf spiders of overall brownish colouration, and with a black patch covering the anterior three quarters of the venter. They differ from all other wolf spiders in particular by genitalic characters, namely an elevated atrium of the female epigyne that forms a raised edged against the inverted T-shaped median septum. This edge often corresponds to a retrolateral incision on the tegular apophysis of the male pedipalp. The genus is mainly a representative of the Bassian fauna of the Australian continent where it occurs predominantly in dry sclerophyll forests.
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 26-07-2021
DOI: 10.3897/ZSE.97.67788
Abstract: The orb-weaving spider genus Novakiella Court & Forster, 1993 (family Araneidae Clerck, 1757) is reviewed to include two species, N. trituberculosa (Roewer, 1942) (type species, Australia and New Zealand) and N. boletus sp. nov. (Australia). Novakiella belongs to the informal, largely Australian ‘backobourkiine’ clade and shares with the other genera of the clade a single macroseta on the male pedipalp patella and a median apophysis of the male pedipalp that forms an arch over the radix. The proposed genus synapomorphies are the presence of a large basal conductor lobe expanding apically over the radix and the shape of the median apophysis, which extends into a basally directed, pointy projection. Males have an apico-prolateral spur on the tibia of the second leg that carries a distinct spine. Females have an epigyne with triangular base plate bearing transverse ridges and an elongate triangular scape, which is almost always broken off. The humeral humps of the abdomen are distinct. Novakiella trituberculosa build characteristic dome-shaped webs however, the foraging behaviour and web-shape of N. boletus sp. nov ., currently only known from museum specimens, are not known.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/ZO01039
Abstract: Riparian sand and gravel banks are inhabited by a fauna that is well adapted to varying river water levels and frequent inundation of the banks. Arthropods found in these habitats were studied from November 1998 to January 1999 in the upper and lower floodplains of the main rivers and tributaries in ten major catchments in the Victorian Alps. Wolf spiders (Lycosidae, 68%) and ground beetles (Carabidae, 7.8%) were the most abundant arthropods, with densities averaging 14.6 ± 1.8 (s.e.) and 2.3 ± 0.4 in iduals m–2 respectively. Species composition and wolf spider densities changed substantially between upland and lowland rivers. These differences correspond with changes in altitude, shading, and gravel and gravel bank size. Comparison of our results with similar studies conducted in temperate Northern Hemisphere floodplains showed significant differences. Carabidae, not Lycosidae, are the dominant arthropod group in Northern Hemisphere floodplains. Wolf spider densities are higher in upper than lower reaches of rivers in the Victorian Alps, but do not change along rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast, carabid beetles showed similar densities between upland and lowland floodplains in Victoria, but increase in density along rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. A second, monthly s ling program on gravel banks along the Avon River (Gippsland) over a one-year period in 1996 and 1997 provided information on the life histories of eight common gravel-bank arthropods: Venatrix lapidosa, V. arenaris, two undescribed Artoria species (‘A’, ‘B’) (Lycosidae), Eudalia macleayi, Elaphropus ovensensis, Perileptus constricticeps and an unidentified Loxandrus species (‘B’) (Carabidae). Artoria sp. A and sp. B are diplochronous. Despite its smaller size, Artoria sp. B matured one month after Artoria sp. A. Lower temperatures at upland streams and rivers, the typical habitat for Artoria sp. B, may delay its development in comparison with Artoria sp. A, which is generally found further downstream. The life histories of both lycosid spiders and carabid beetles, characterised by prolonged reproductive period and short larval development, appear to have some adaptive value in regard to the disturbance-prone environment.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 05-12-2008
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.1956.1.2
Abstract: A new genus of orb-web spider (Araneidae Simon), Telaprocera gen. nov., including two new species, T. maudae sp. nov. (type species) and T. joanae sp. nov., are described. Telaprocera gen. nov. differs from all other araneid genera by the presence of a dorsal keel on the male cymbium. The known range of Telaprocera maudae sp. nov. is limited to the east coast of Australia, from far northern Queensland to central New South Wales. The spiders are found in closed canopy rainforest and adults can be found year round. Telaprocera joanae sp. nov. has been found from central coastal Queensland to far eastern Victoria. They occur in similar habitats, with similar phenology, as T. maudae sp. nov. Both species build highly elongated orb-webs known as ladder-webs. A variety of phylogenetic analyses based on an updated morphological data matrix for orb-web spiders did not provide a conclusive placement of Telaprocera gen. nov. within the Araneidae. Equally weighted analysis placed the genus as sister to Kaira O. P.-Cambridge and Metepeira F. O. P.Cambridge combined. Strong downweighting of homoplasious characters placed the genus as sister taxon to the traditional Argiopinae Simon. The uncertain phylogenetic position of Telaprocera gen. nov. may reflect the insufficient knowledge of the morphology of Australian taxa—taxa that may possess characters previously not considered in phylogenetic analyses of the Araneidae.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/IT01028
Abstract: The Australasian wolf spider genus Artoria, with A. parvula Thorell, 1877 as type species, is revised in part. In addition to A. parvula (=A. luwamata Barrion & Litsinger, 1995, new synonymy), recorded from the Philippines and Indonesia, and A. palustris Dahl, 1908 from Papua New Guinea, it includes the Australian A. albopedipalpis, sp. nov., A. avona, sp. nov., A. cingulipes Simon, 1909, A. flavimanus Simon, 1909 (=Lycosa neboissi McKay, 1976, new synonymy), A. howquaensis, sp. nov., A. lineata (L. Koch, 1877), A. mckayi, sp. nov., A. quadrata, sp. nov., A. taeniifera Simon, 1909, A. triangularis, sp. nov., A. ulrichi, sp. nov. and A. versicolor (L. Koch, 1877). Artoriella flavimanus, the type species of Artoriella Roewer, 1960, is returned to Artoria. Of the remaining species of Artoriella, the Western Australian species A. cingulipes and A. taeniifera are transferred to Artoria, the African species Artoriella amoena Roewer, 1960, A. maculatipes Roewer, 1960 and A. lycosimorpha (Strand, 1909) are considered incertae sedis and Artoriella maura (Urquhart, 1891) from New Zealand is considered a nomen dubium. Trabaeola Roewer is a junior synonym of Artoria, as its type species, T. lineata, is transferred to Artoria. Trabea australiensis (L. Koch, 1877) is considered a nomen dubium. The genus Artoria is characterised by a unique apophysis near the base of the embolus of the male pedipalp. It does not fit into the existing lycosid subfamilies, which have been established by investigation of mainly Northern Hemisphere taxa. Artoria is widespread in Australia and species can be found in a range of habitats (sw s and riverbanks, open areas, rain and dry sclerophyll forests).
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2006
DOI: 10.1636/H03-72.1
Publisher: Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.v.
Date: 10-2000
DOI: 10.5431/ARAMIT2002
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 15-04-2013
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3637.5.2
Abstract: Two new species of Mouse Spiders, genus Missulena, from the Pilbara region in Western Australia are described based on morphological features of males. Missulena faulderi sp. nov. and Missulena langlandsi sp. nov. are currently known from a small area in the southern Pilbara only. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence ergence failed in clearly delimiting species in Missulena, but provided a useful, independent line of evidence for taxonomic work in addition to morphology.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 10-02-2023
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5239.3.1
Abstract: A key to the six Australian genera of the wolf spider (Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833) subfamily Artoriinae Framenau, 2007 is provided, now including Artoria Thorell, 1877, Artoriopsis Framenau, 2007, Diahogna Roewer, 1960, Kangarosa Framenau, 2010, Kochosa gen. nov. and Tetralycosa Roewer, 1960. Kochosa gen. nov. is described to include 16 species: K. australia sp. nov. (type species from New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia), K. aero sp. nov. (Western Australia), K. asterix sp. nov. (New South Wales, Queensland, Tasmania and Victoria), K. confusa sp. nov. (Queensland), K. erratum sp. nov. (Queensland), K. fleurae sp. nov. (Victoria), K. mendum sp. nov. (Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland), K. nigra sp. nov. (Queensland), K. obelix sp. nov. (Western Australia), K. queenslandica sp. nov. (Queensland), K. sharae sp. nov. (South Australia), K. tanakai sp. nov. (New South Wales, Queensland), K. tasmaniensis sp. nov. (Tasmania), K. timwintoni sp. nov. (Western Australia), K. tongiorgii sp. nov., (Queensland), and K. westralia sp. nov. (Western Australia). Kochosa gen. nov. differs distinctly from all other genera within the Artoriinae by somatic and genitalic morphology. Most conspicuous is a distinct off-white or yellowish-white cardiac mark on an otherwise generally uniformly dark abdomen. The cardiac mark is rendered by thick black setae, which are particularly dense posteriorly. The tegular apophysis of the male pedipalp is heavily reduced, generally forming a semi-transparent small lobe. In turn, the embolic ision is often complex with a variety of apophyses. Kochosa gen. nov. generally inhabit mesic habitats such as temperate and tropical shrubs and forests along the eastern and south-eastern coast and in the south-western parts of Australia.
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 22-12-2017
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1071/IS05036
Abstract: The new Australian wolf spider genus Tuberculosa is revised, with T. harveyi, sp. nov. from the Northern Territory as type species. The genus includes a further three species from northern Queensland: T. austini, sp. nov., T. hoggi (Framenau & Vink, 2001), comb. nov. and T. monteithi, sp. nov. The genus is defined by a unique sexual dimorphism: males carry modified tubercular setae on the ventral side of the third coxae, which are here compared to the knobbed setae that can be found on the ventral surface of the abdomen in Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata Ohlert, 1865 and Passiena torbjoerni Lehtinen, 2005 from two different lycosid subfamilies. Based on the structure of the male pedipalp, Tuberculosa belongs to the subfamily Lycosinae sensu Dondale (1986) with close affinities to Venatrix Roewer, 1960, because males of both genera have a tubercle on the outer edges of their fangs and the cymbium tip carries claw-like macrosetae. A cladistic analysis of all four Tuberculosa species, based on 12 morphological characters and with Venatrix konei (Berland, 1924) as outgroup, revealed a topology with T. austini and T. harveyi as sister-species in the most derived clade (V. konei (T. monteithi (T. hoggi (T. harveyi, T. austini))). The distribution of Tuberculosa in the tropical north of Australia supports an origin of the genus, as well as its putative sister-genus Venatrix, in the Palaearctic region, in contrast to all other Australian Lycosinae, which appear to be of Gondwanan origin.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 23-12-2016
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4213.1.1
Abstract: The Australian wolf spider (Lycosidae Sundevall, 1833) genus Tasmanicosa Roewer, 1959 with Lycosa tasmanica Hogg, 1905 as type species is revised to include 14 species: T. godeffroyi (L. Koch, 1865), comb. nov. (= Lycosa tasmanica Hogg, 1905, syn. nov. = Lycosa zualella Strand, 1907, syn. nov. = Lycosa woodwardi Simon, 1909, syn. nov.) T. fulgor sp. nov. T. gilberta (Hogg, 1905) comb. nov. T. harmsi sp. nov. T. hughjackmani sp. nov. T. kochorum sp. nov. T. leuckartii (Thorell, 1870), comb. nov. (= Lycosa molyneuxi Hogg, 1905, syn. nov.) T. musgravei (McKay, 1974) comb. nov. T. phyllis (Hogg, 1905) comb. nov. (= Lycosa stirlingae Hogg, 1905, syn. nov.) T. ramosa (L. Koch, 1877), comb. nov. T. salmo sp. nov. T. semicincta (L. Koch, 1877) comb. nov. T. stella sp. nov. and T. subrufa (Karsch, 1878) comb. nov. Within the Australian wolf spider fauna, the genus Tasmanicosa can be diagnosed by the distinct pattern of radiating light and dark lines forming a “Union-Jack” pattern on the carapace. Male pedipalp morphology identifies the genus as part of the subfamily Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833 due to the presence of a transverse tegular apophysis with dorsal groove guiding the embolus during copulation. However, genital morphology is variable and a synapomorphy based on male pedipalp or female epigyne morphology could not be identified. Members of Tasmanicosa are comparatively large spiders (body length ca. 12–30 mm), that build a shallow burrow, which is sometimes covered with a flimsy trapdoor. Species of Tasmanicosa are largely a Bassian faunal element with preference for open woodlands and/or floodplains, although some species can be found into the semi-arid Australian interior. Two Australian wolf spider species may represent Tasmanicosa based on their original descriptions, but due to immature types in combination with the somatic similarities of all Tasmanicosa species, cannot be identified with certainty. They are therefore considered nomina dubia: Lycosa excusor L. Koch, 1867 and Lycosa infensa L. Koch, 1877. The type species of Orthocosa Roewer, 1960 is transferred to Tasmanicosa however, in order to prevent some non-Australian wolf spiders in the genus Orthocosa to be transferred into Tasmanicosa, which is considered endemic to Australia, we here place these species into more appropriate genera based on their original descriptions pending a future revision of these species: Arctosa ambigua Denis, 1947 comb. reval. Alopecosa orophila (Thorell, 1887) comb. nov. Hygrolycosa tokinagai Saito, 1936 comb. reval. Orthocosa sternomaculata (Mello-Leitão, 1943) is considered a junior synonym of Hogna birabeni (Mello-Leitão, 1943) comb. nov.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-08-2021
Publisher: Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.v.
Date: 07-1994
DOI: 10.5431/ARAMIT0712
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 28-08-2006
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.1304.1.1
Abstract: The wolf spider genus Anomalosa Roewer, 1960 is revised with Anomalosa kochi (Simon, 1898) as type species. Anomalosa includes a further Australian species, A. oz sp. nov. Representatives of Anomalosa are small, elongated lycosids with a longitudinal light median band on the dorsal shield of the prosoma and on the opisthosoma, the latter being particularly distinct in males. They are closely related to Venonia Thorell, 1894. Similar to Venonia, males have a bipartite prolateral tegular lobe on the pedipalp, but it is much larger than in Venonia and, in contrast to Venonia, larger than the membranous tegular apophysis. Anomalosa kochi has only been found in Queensland, whereas the distribution of A. oz sp. nov. includes New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria. This allopatric distribution coincides with the McPherson Range as a biogeographical border. Although most males and females of Anomalosa have been caught in pitfall traps or running freely in moderately moist habitats, such as near creeks and dams, there is evidence that representatives of this genus build sheet-webs similar to Venonia. This behaviour is supported by morphological evidence as species of Anomalosa have elongated posterior spinnerets. The original description of A. harishi (Dyal, 1935) from Panjab, India, does not match the diagnosis of Anomalosa. Consequently, I reject the inclusion of A. harishi in Anomalosa and re-transfer it to its original genus Anomalomma Simon, 1890, Anomalomma harishi Dyal, 1935, pending a systematic revision of this genus.
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2010
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 20-01-2022
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5092.3.6
Abstract: Two new species in the orb-weaving spider genus Larinia Simon, 1874 are described, L. sexta n. sp. and L. tumulus n. sp. This elevates the Australian number of described species in the genus to seven. With the exception of two females of L. sexta n. sp. recorded from mainland Western Australia, both species have so far exclusively been found on Barrow Island, 50 km off the north-western Western Australian coast where a third species, L. montagui Hogg, 1914, also occurs. Both new species appear to favour spinifex (Triodia spp.) grassland, but specimen numbers in collections are too low to accurately characterize life history patterns and habitat preferences.
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2006
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2008
Publisher: Atlas of Living Australia
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.54102/AJT
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-10-2022
Abstract: The tube-web spider genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 has been revised for South Australia and Victoria, revealing a remarkable ersity, particularly centred in the arid north of South Australia. We describe 23 species as new, ten of which are supported by molecular data, where these were available. We recognise two species groups for some of the species based on a combination of genitalic morphology, macrosetae patterns and somatic characters: the clavata species group, which includes Ariadna clavata Marsh, Baehr, Glatz & Framenau, 2018 and A. spinosa sp. nov. from South Australia, and A. otwayensis sp. nov. and A. sinuosa sp. nov. from Victoria, and the formosa species group, including A. formosa sp. nov. and A. umbra sp. nov. from South Australia, and A. tria sp. nov. from Victoria. Seventeen new species could not be placed into these two species groups: A. arenacea sp. nov., A. bellatula sp. nov., A. curvata sp. nov., A. deserta sp. nov., A. diucrura sp. nov., A. flavescens sp. nov., A. inflata sp. nov., A. insula sp. nov., A. pollex sp. nov., A. propria sp. nov., A. rutila sp. nov., Ariadna simplex sp. nov., A. subplana sp. nov., A. una sp. nov., A. ungua sp. nov., A. valida sp. nov. and A. woinarskii sp. nov. We provide updated diagnoses and distributional data for A. clavata and A. tangara Marsh, Baehr, Glatz & Framenau, 2018 however, the holotype of A. burchelli (Hogg, 1900) from Victoria could not be located for this project.
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2011
Publisher: Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle
Date: 06-07-2017
DOI: 10.5852/EJT.2017.335
Abstract: The Australian wolf spider genus Tftralycosa Roewer, 1960, with Lycosa meracula Simon, 1909 (junior synonym of Lycosa oraria L. Koch, 1877) as type species, is revised to include 13 species, eight of which are described as new here: Tetralycosa adarca sp. nov., T. alteripa (McKay, 1976), T. arabanae Framenau, Gotch & Austin, 2006, T. baudinettei sp. nov., T. caudex sp. nov., T. eyrei (Hickman, 1944), T. floundersi sp. nov., T. halophila sp. nov., T. oraria (L. Koch, 1876), T. orariola sp. nov., T. williamsi sp. nov., T. wundurra (McKay, 1979) comb. nov. and T. rebecca sp. nov. Members of Tetralycosa are halotolerant, exclusively inhabiting saline environments such as coastal beaches, and mound springs, clay pans and salt lakes in the Australian interior. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus identified a monophyletic clade of eight species that live permanently on the barren surface of salt lakes suggesting a single radiation into this extremely inhospitable habitat. Some of these Tetralycosa species are currently known from single salt lakes only and with increasing disturbances of these systems by mining, agriculture and recreational use, research effort should be increased to study their ecology and conservation status.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 06-12-2019
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4706.1.6
Abstract: The scorpion-tailed orb-weaving spiders in the genus Arachnura Vinson, 1863 (Araneidae Clerck, 1757) are revised for Australia and New Zealand. Arachnura higginsii (L. Koch, 1872) only occurs in Australia and A. feredayi (L. Koch, 1872) only in New Zealand. A single female collected in south-eastern Queensland (Australia) is here tentatively identified as A. melanura Simon, 1867, but it is doubtful that this species has established in Australia. Two juveniles from northern Queensland do not conform to the diagnoses of any of the above species and are illustrated pending a more thorough revision of the genus in South-East Asia and the Pacific region. An unidentified female from Westport (New Zealand) does not conform to the diagnoses of A. feredayi and A. higginsii, but is not described due to its poor preservation status. Arachnura caudatella Roewer, 1942 (replacement name for Epeira caudata Bradley, 1876), originally described from Hall Sound (Papua New Guinea) and repeatedly catalogued for Australia, is considered a nomen dubium.
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-12-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2656.2010.01795.X
Abstract: 1. Developing a predictive understanding of how species assemblages respond to fire is a key conservation goal. In moving from solely describing patterns following fire to predicting changes, plant ecologists have successfully elucidated generalizations based on functional traits. Using species traits might also allow better predictions for fauna, but there are few empirical tests of this approach. 2. We examined whether species traits changed with post-fire age for spiders in 27 sites, representing a chronosequence of 0-20 years post-fire. We predicted a priori whether spiders with ten traits associated with survival, dispersal, reproduction, resource-utilization and microhabitat occupation would increase or decrease with post-fire age. We then tested these predictions using a direct (fourth-corner on in idual traits and composite traits) and an indirect (emergent groups) approach, comparing the benefits of each and also examining the degree to which traits were intercorrelated. 3. For the seven in idual traits that were significant, three followed predictions (body size, abundance of burrow ambushers and burrowers was greater in recently burnt sites) two were opposite (species with heavy sclerotisation of the cephalothorax and longer time to maturity were in greater abundance in long unburnt and recently burnt sites respectively) and two displayed response patterns more complex than predicted (abdominal scutes displayed a U-shaped response and dispersal ability a hump shaped curve). However, within a given trait, there were few significant differences among post-fire ages. 4. Several traits were intercorrelated and scores based on composite traits used in a fourth-corner analysis found significant patterns, but slightly different to those using in idual traits. Changes in abundance with post-fire age were significant for three of the five emergent groups. The fourth-corner analysis yielded more detailed results, but overall we consider the two approaches complementary. 5. While we found significant differences in traits with post-fire age, our results suggest that a trait-based approach may not increase predictive power, at least for the assemblages of spiders we studied. That said, there are many refinements to faunal traits that could increase predictive power.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2005
Publisher: American Arachnological Society
Date: 08-2005
DOI: 10.1636/04-57.1
Publisher: Western Australian Museum
Date: 2013
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1071/IS06013
Abstract: The Australian/Oriental wolf spider genus Venonia Thorell, 1894 (type species V. coruscans Thorell, 1894) belongs to one of the few true web-building genera within the Lycosidae. Their small sheet-webs with funnel-like retreats are generally found in the ground layer of vegetation, such as on lawns and meadows, but also in depressions of soil and under roots of trees. Members of the genus Venonia are easily identified within the Lycosidae due to a unique combination of somatic and genitalic characters. Most conspicuous is a posterodorsal white spot on the abdomen just above the elongated posterior spinnerets on an otherwise uniformly coloured, small, and relatively slender spider. The cymbium of the male pedipalp is highly asymmetrical appearing retrolaterally truncated. Its tegular apophysis is membranous. The female epigyne is generally not sclerotised and has a posterior central incision. Our revision recognises fifteen species of which seven are new to science: V. chaiwooi, sp. nov. V. choiae, sp. nov. V. cinctipes (Simon, 1898) V. coruscans Thorell, 1894 V. infundibulum, sp. nov. V. joejim, sp. nov. V. kimjoopili, sp. nov. V. kokoda Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979 V. micans (Simon, 1898) (= Venonia gabrielae Barrion & Litsinger, 1995, new synonymy) V. micarioides (L. Koch, 1877) V. milla Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979 V. muju (Chrysanthus, 1967) V. nata, sp. nov. V. sungahae, sp. nov. and V. vilkkii Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979. A phylogenetic analysis including representatives of the venoniine genera Anomalosa Roewer, 1960 and Allotrochosina Roewer, 1960 with Pirata subpiraticus (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) as outgroup suggests a Gondwanan origin of the Venoniinae and one dispersal event within Venonia from the Australian region into Wallacea and only one dispersal event by V. coruscans into the Oriental region. Venonia spirocysta Chai, 1991 from China is not a true Venonia and is here considered incerta sedis. We reject the inclusion of the genus Zoica Simon, 1898 in the subfamily Venoniinae Lethinen & Hippa, 1979 due to considerable morphological differences in representatives of this genus (in particular in the male pedipalp), and therefore consider the subfamily Zoicinae Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979 as valid.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 03-03-2022
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5105.2.1
Abstract: The genus Ariadna Audouin, 1826 is revised for Tasmania to include 13 species, ten of which are described as new: Ariadna abbreviata sp. nov., A. alta sp. nov., A. amabilia sp. nov., A. crypticola sp. nov., A. ferrogrisea sp. nov., A. fragilis sp. nov., A. gonzo sp. nov., A. muscosa Hickman, 1929, A. segmentata Simon, 1893, A. subnubilum sp. nov., A. thylacinus sp. nov. and A. tigrina sp. nov.. The species described in this manuscript exhibit high levels of sympatry.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 12-04-2021
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4952.3.10
Abstract: A new species of halotolerant Ariadna Audouin, 1826 is described from Western Australia, based on morphological features of both the male and female, and elevating the total number of described species of Ariadna in Australia to 14. This is the first record of the tube-web spider family Segestriidae Simon, 1893 inhabiting salt lakes, where they construct burrows in to the lake surface. The species is likely to be of conservation importance, due to its specialised habitat requirements and the many threats posed to the salt lake ecosystem. We provide recommendation for Ariadna phantasma sp. nov. to be considered for inclusion in the IUCN Red List.
Publisher: Arachnologische Gesellschaft e.v.
Date: 12-1995
DOI: 10.5431/ARAMIT1005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-08-2015
DOI: 10.1017/S1742758415000211
Abstract: The sweet potato weevil (SPW), Cylas formicarius , is a serious pest of sweet potato in Australia and Papua New Guinea. Ten strains of Metarhizium sp. isolated from Australian soil s les were evaluated for their growth characteristics and screened for virulence to adult SPW under laboratory conditions. All isolates except QD62 (48.6%) had moderate to high germination (66–97%), and all took 2 to 4 days to sporulate at 25 °C. The optimal temperature for radial growth for the majority of isolates was 30 °C, and there was a significant interaction between isolate and temperature ( P & 0.05). Isolate QS155 showed the fastest radial growth at 30 °C. The internal transcribed spacer sequences showed slight variations among the isolates however, all isolates were shown to be Metarhizium anisopliae . Isolates varied greatly in their virulence. At 10 days after inoculation (DAI) by immersion in a suspension of 1 × 10 7 conidia/ml, 9 of the 10 isolates were virulent, causing 80–100% mortality of adult SPW. Only two isolates (QS001-6 and QS155) caused more than 50% mortality at 5 DAI. In dose-mortality bioassays, isolate QS155 had the lowest 20-day LC 50 and LC 90 values however, there were no statistically significant differences in mortality among the three most promising isolates tested (QD66, QS001-6 and QS155). These results show that M. anisopliae isolate QS155 has potential as a microbial control agent for SPW, and that further evaluation under glasshouse and field conditions is warranted.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2005
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 05-05-2022
DOI: 10.3897/ZSE.98.82649
Abstract: The new Australian orb-weaving spider genus Mangrovia in the family Araneidae Clerck, 1757 is described. It is characterised by extreme sexual size-dimorphism (eSSD) with females (total length 8–10 mm) ca. 3 to 5 times larger than males (2.5–3 mm). Whilst Mangrovia shares with the informal Australian ‘backobourkiine’ clade a single seta on the male pedipalp patella, the genus is probably more closely related to the ‘zealaraneines’ or associated genera. In addition to eSSD and the single patellar spine, the genus is characterised by a distinct subterminal embolus branch in males. The new genus includes two species: the type species Mangrovia albida (L. Koch, 1871) comb. nov. (= Epeira fastidiosa Keyserling, 1887, new syn. ) from Queensland and Mangrovia occidentalis sp. nov. from Western Australia. Both species are apparently coastal and occur in mangroves, but also in riparian woodland. Spiders were found resting in rolled-up leaves adjacent to their orb-web.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-01-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-81647-0
Abstract: Kuschelorhynchus macadamiae is a major pest of macadamias in Australia, causing yield losses of up to 15%. Our previous studies have shown the weevil is susceptible to Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae . The aim of this study was to investigate horizontal transmission of both fungal species to healthy weevils from both infected adults and weevil cadavers. In a confined environment the mortality of healthy adults caused by the transmission of conidia from live fungus-infected adults was 50%. Under similar experimental conditions, the mortality of healthy adults reached 100% when exposed to conidiated cadavers. However, when conidiated cadavers were used in more spacious environments (insect cages), the mortality of adults was 80%. Using scanning electron microscopy, it was observed that all healthy adults had conidia attached to all external parts of the body. This suggests that although the conidia were readily transferred to the adults, the lower mortality in the larger insect cages could be the result of an unfavourable environmental factor such as low humidity. The presence of conidia attached to all the adults indicated that they did not show any discriminatory behaviour such as avoidance of conidiated cadavers infected by these two fungal species. The results from this study show that there is potential for enhanced control of adult K. macadamiae via transmission from either fungus-infected adults or conidiated cadavers and this could strengthen sustainable pest management in macadamias.
No related grants have been discovered for Volker Framenau.