ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7390-9360
Current Organisations
Murdoch University
,
University of Colombo
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Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-02-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-05-2023
DOI: 10.1002/PTR.7895
Abstract: Gastrointestinal (GI) parasites cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The use of conventional antiparasitic drugs is often inhibited due to limited availability, side effects or parasite resistance. Medicinal plants can be used as alternatives or adjuncts to current antiparasitic therapies. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to critically synthesise the literature on the efficacy of different plants and plant compounds against common human GI parasites and their toxicity profiles. Searches were conducted from inception to September 2021. Of 5393 screened articles, 162 were included in the qualitative synthesis (159 experimental studies and three randomised control trials [RCTs]), and three articles were included in meta‐analyses. A total of 507 plant species belonging to 126 families were tested against different parasites, and most of these (78.4%) evaluated antiparasitic efficacy in vitro. A total of 91 plant species and 34 compounds were reported as having significant in vitro efficacy against parasites. Only a few plants ( n = 57) were evaluated for their toxicity before testing their antiparasitic effects. The meta‐analyses revealed strong evidence of the effectiveness of Lepidium virginicum L. against Entamoeba histolytica with a pooled mean IC 50 of 198.63 μg/mL (95% CI 155.54–241.72). We present summary tables and various recommendations to direct future research.
Publisher: Sciencedomain International
Date: 19-12-2019
DOI: 10.9734/JOCAMR/2019/V8I330123
Abstract: Aim: The present study aimed to compare the Sharibadi decoction which was prepared in two different ways. Sharibadi decoction A: All the ingredients are available including a local variety of H. indicus and Indian variety of H. indicus. Sharibadi decoction B: All the ingredients are available except the local variety of H. indicus and double the amount of Indian variety of H. indicus. Methodology: Phytochemical (in terms of secondary metabolites and Thin Layer Fingerprint profiles) and Physico-chemical (in terms of ash values and extractable matter) analyses were carried out to compare the Sharibadi decoction A with the Sharibadi decoction B. Results: Comparison of phytochemicals and Thin Layer Fingerprint profile of Sharibadi decoction A with that of Sharibadi decoction B revealed the differences in phytochemical compound/s presence in both decoctions. However, Physico-chemical parameters of Sharibadi decoction A were almost similar to that of Sharibadi decoction B. Conclusion: Absence of local variety of H. indicus gives an impact on phytochemical constituents rather than Physico-chemical parameters of Sharibadi decoction. However, phytochemicals play a major role when a drug exhibits its therapeutic effect/s. Therefore, to get the best therapeutic effect of Sharibadi decoction, both local variety of H. indicus and Indian variety of H. indicus should be used with other ingredients.
Publisher: Sciencedomain International
Date: 26-02-2020
DOI: 10.9734/JOCAMR/2020/V9I130133
Abstract: Madhyama Rasnadi decoction, one of the poly-herbal decoctions used in Ayurveda medicine is especially indicated for inflammatory conditions. The literature provides three different preparation methods of this decoction viz Sri Lankan Traditional method (Method 1) and methods described in the texts Sharangadhara Samhita (Method 2) and Bhaishajya Ratnavali (Method 3). The aim of this study was to analyse and compare the phytochemical profiles of these three preparation techniques. Phytochemical profile analysis was carried out by (i) investigation of the extractable matter in 1 ml of decoction, (ii) development of Thin Layer Chromatography profiles and (iii) qualitative/quantitative determination of major phytoconstituents. Results revealed that the extractable matter of methods 1, 2 and 3 was 310±0 mg/ml, 420±0 mg/ml and 180±0 mg/ml, respectively. Differences (in terms of the number of spots and intensity) were observed in TLC fingerprint profiles, and phytochemicals such as phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and terpenoids were present in all three types of decoctions. Gallic acid and quercetin were taken as standards to express the results of polyphenolic and flavonoid contents, respectively. Total polyphenolic contents of decoctions prepared according to methods 1, 2 and 3 were 121.68±0.60, 178.40±0.56, 86.20±0.25 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract respectively. Total flavonoid contents of decoctions prepared according to methods 1, 2 and 3 were 69.45± 0.80, 129.30±0.65, 52.64± 0.50 mg quercetin acid equivalents/g extract respectively. In conclusion, more phytochemicals are concentrated on the decoction that made of method 2. The study opens more vistas of clinical applicability of Madhyama Rasnadi decoction, where further randomised case-control studies are needed.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-12-2022
DOI: 10.3390/PATHOGENS12010061
Abstract: Cryptosporidium parvum is a significant cause of watery diarrhoea in humans and other animals worldwide. Although hundreds of novel drugs have been evaluated, no effective specific chemotherapeutic intervention for C. parvum has been reported. There has been much recent interest in evaluating plant-derived products in the fight against gastrointestinal parasites, including C. parvum. This study aimed to identify extracts from 13 different plant species that provide evidence for inhibiting the growth of C. parvum in vitro. Efficacy against C. parvum was detected and quantified using quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence assays. All plant extracts tested against C. parvum showed varying inhibition activities in vitro, and none of them produced a cytotoxic effect on HCT-8 cells at concentrations up to 500 µg/mL. Four plant species with the strongest evidence of activity against C. parvum were Curcuma longa, Piper nigrum, Embelia ribes, and Nigella sativa, all with dose-dependent efficacy. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that these plant extracts have proven to be experimentally efficacious against C. parvum. These results support further exploration of these plants and their compounds as possible treatments for Cryptosporidium infections.
No related grants have been discovered for RLDS Ranasinghe.